? 5 . j . 1 J WEST BR AW CH FARMER. 1 ,,-.' V .' A SVh iniicpcHiicnt Jmniln Papci- dctiolco to Ncujs, Citcraturc, Politics, CVgricaltnrc, 0cicnrc nno ittornlitn. BY 0. N. WORDEN. WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 1849; VOL. YI., NO. .-24-384 , tE mi SSURG :dB OH Rift I C J ARID THE The JLeicikburg hronicle : Published WcJneeday Afternoons at Lewi-burg, Union coumy. lenmilvajiia. Tbiims.t- g2,00 for a year, to le paid in ihe rrf naif year; 82,50, if pa..ei be not madi' within tlie year; single iiiunhcis, " V-l-'. - lUOM t II... 3 .. SI A 1ll1fT Iff J to bi paid in advanre. Discontinuances opti'.iii.i iih tic; Publisher, except when arrearages are paid. A Ivertisemcnts handsomely inserted at ftO cis. per square one week, 81,00 for a tnimi h, S-00 a j ear. A reduction of these rt'cs fir larjer or longer advtmls. Casual advertisement and Job work to be paid fr when performed. j All communica;inns by mail must come post piid, accompanied by the address of the w riter, to receive attention. Office. Market street between Second and Thiid. O. N. U'ordex, Publisher. IliE CH110NICLE. 6ATri!ZtT, SEPT. 8. CCTAt our requost, we prpent below a copv of one of the Oations jt the Students' ( elcl.ra ion of lh- 4th July last. THE C.'AT'SSS THAT rnxTRIBCTE TO niK roirjurroN or sationul character .iiioerous anr! nameless are the causes! i that cniir.lu e to the format! .n of nalior.al character. Tl.e rur-st fii i. nl are those which exit i:, 'h habits and feelings ol tile eope; a-.id among the most important tl h sy. c.n ' eeiii:':era'rd patiiolism and t ii'erjM iw for when self-rh inland V-arlt ss a-ei:'- h1 n the character of i.a t'n. t ncy , ., a basis an 1 t-ustam a siiueture f x i.iKin il lie autv. tiiat wilt taud i , , r r i - a J l shore, publishing the fame of their match- while lhe-e tiemf uts exist. I , , .... , , less mii;Iil. 1 heir vessels of comu.erce We turn your n.-n for. moment toVcllpied wry and d ,hejr t..e .o.teinp'J-.,n of il.e cau.lh phys-l Know whhe piniM on everv M. and m;lde cal and ane-nl. iha:' mnul-led the national ! ,.. character -known n,i frl,. !.. - i. vnnrju-tfr ol Ifniri-'. We sr-e in her form ation, many reci.l.'nr aenls that caused her to attain a Irgh and command. ng ele va'ion. (let gift of .ovel ness, her beautiful nd bright Itaii:n y, her genial snil and' talmy cltmate, her ii.npid streams and bur j -i.ie-,'he poreeous splend .r or her palaces, ! her mngnificvr.t ruins, exalted by the rem - mbrance of hrro.c achievements, and j "ent wined in the graceful gar'ands of pro d'C"' nature," cau". J her arms, her power. and her glory to rvend over ail the then- known glebe, lii ir gmuiue influence indued her ciiiz. ns with the love of true j greatnes. They e!d forth the golden and ; brilliant gift of Liberty. Tls?y placed before her eager gaze the bright statue of Free- riom which tinged ihe dis'atit horiz-m witlii its glow, aud was seen by her noble a-pir-! ants, like a guiding star by the weary in- j veler, to lead thntn t. the goat of their aspirations. The nfT-c i'iri, wbi. li her inhabitants had for these lately scenes, entwined their hearts, to h.? torn asunder "tily by the hind of Death. And this kindled in their breasts a lijiht of un'adin lustre, which cheered and sustained her oho sons through the long and dismal n!hl of the Dark Ages, and afterwards defused iis brillinncy over the w hole East ern Contii.eut, and has been as a precedeni modem nalifil. The examples of valor, of truth, of patriotism, and of eloquence, w Inch shone so conspicuously in the actions f their forerather, exerted an influence in the fcrm'itinii of their character, which proclaimed to every people, what she was aid what they must be. And can her tin'italed eminence be attributed to the mere effect of chance, or the sport of ambi tion T No, cer'hinly not ! For did not these causes uphold her in the most cheer I'ss hours of her fuffvrtngsT For at a certa n period of ihe Roman empire, when the uotorious (J I'ulin" and his band of pro fl'gate conspirator had marked out that mighty city to destruction, and its inhabit ants to dea:h, the thrilling and powerful eloquence of her gilied orator scattered w in ly and fi r ever, wiih the impetus ol the Simoon, Ihe t v:!s ihat impended cloud like over her, ar.d se -u.cd safety and hap piness to her grateful citizens. This agenl prolecud their fiicsides from the wanton cruehy and ergirnce of that conspirator, who dil ghttd in the bu'ehery and blood aiil agonies of h: victims. Tht9 agenl h led, as it were, ihe country from an nlyss of ruin, ard instilled a national vigor 'hat beliily d.'n 1 to resist any oppression hit threa'entd the villi powers of her 'iisti!utioii. Eciicc, we say, lhat these causes gave her such resistless might that b r ev;!e hovered on ti iumphatit pinions from Northern iii .w-i arped mountains to "Uiheru sunny prions. But we leave teii oation, whose constit ution has long mce been effaced by the finger of Time, and consider the cause that operated in the establishment of ilic character of that nation, whose institution- still exist, find whose system wears the impress ol n finement and oputency. The causes that encouraged the urowlh of Bri- and ,,. ,.,,,,. ( ... r j authority, which is acquired by transcend ent ineril.are chiefly found in their national pride and self reliance in llie hereditary energy u( their Saxn fithers.hleniJed with the mure refined aud elegant character ot the Norman French. Their inoul.ir position also had its influence. But physical causes assisted only in a slight decree in the enlightenment and ruliivaiiun of the Eng lish. Their exalted notions of English rights, and an undeviating affection lor their country, and a lade less h.ve of learn ing, enlarged their spirit of liberality a hlierality w hich madu the promotion of the arts, a common cause; cultivated scimec. the beloved ohject of emulous nation ; ha' nished the terms of superstition and du.li city ; and gave full sco to :he cultivation .f tier prime elements. Allhu' for a time cramped by the lorce of established error-, and a my-tical jargon of religion, in which fiaud miftht defend its treachery, and vil lainy under the guise ol sanctity might commit it dcprcdaiinn, unpunished ; but against these expedient of amhiiii.n, she brought to bear tVr powerful agent they were crushed, and with them everything that could retard her onward and upward progress. Their military genius and com mercial resources added much to their wealth and power, 'i'hev rendered everv ,;.. suWrvi(.llt to ,heir wi. The,r . .i,,r . nwA i-on the wings of the wind to the Esquimaux o! the Pole and the millions of India." The country of picturesque beauty, once the nnrerv ol oratory, ol uoelrv. of sculn- ture. and of architecture beloved Greece! ,he model of ail future excellence next cilns our attention. The prudent foresight and energetic conduct of her heroic lead ers, erected a national struc'ure of gr.-.n.t- eur, magnifi.'ence, and strength. The cli mate and temperature of Greece, so health- fu to the vigorous development of the phy sical and intellectual lacullies. aided by the ! itching scenery which encompassed Iter ,ke a fairv-wr..uht robe, by her mount- ains and her valleys, the themes of her time-honored poets, by Tempt'a pictured vale, and O.sa's ivy clad mount, all these r.lT rded h r the means of availing lieiseif of the influence and advan'ages of all taose beuutiis.w vh w hich she had bt en so boun- tiluily gifted at ihe hand of nature. Did not these ag- nts impart to her chi dren that susceptibility of refint ment, that discern ment ot ihe sublime, which io a land leetn ing with beauty are went to afford unfailing solace T Did not ihe glorious creutious ol ihe genius ami iiiiag. nation of her artists and painters, confer upon the min is ol the inhabitants, such an ui swerving fondness for their own beauteous laud, that t! could only leave them with ihe last red drops of life as they flowed in her delem e? Itnghtly in the firiniment shone the star of Hellas ! Why did it shed o'er every land lis br.l -iant splendor! We invoke not ihe vener able shades of her orators, to tell the encouraging tale of her progress to the very summit of Fame. From what we ourselves have seen in the ascension of our own loved land, we judge what must have been the (uuuluin, whence she derived the blessings, that urged her to supremacy ol power. Greece al-o possessed many agenl-, lhat tended to produce a greater degree ol refir.enient.than existed in any other ortion of the world. To her are ascribed tl' origin and advancement of literature and the fine arts, which were carried to such a degne of unrivaled excellence, that her seh ik Is were the resort of the youth of all nations. ' , As a final illustration, we gladly recur to the consideration oflhe causes that gave birth to American Society. A nation planted as this was, in a wild and uncultivated region, and in its infancy resisted by the torturing hand of persecution, must have possessed many characteristics of unity of feeling and matchless energy. For with resistless perseverance the Pilgrims buffet ted every storm of physical disadvantage. vVith untiring zal they labored in Ameri cu's wild wasies, compelled to defend them selves against the bloody attacks of a bar barous and cruel race, and to acquire a scanty subsistence by increased '.oil. Such difficulties opposed, such trials beset them. Out despite all surrounding trials.they have reaied this glorious fabrc of nalioual gieai ness. They did not stand aloof, prnj with mere aspirations tiKin the mounia'n lops from which the temple of Fame shed all around a pleasing halo, but ihey beheld and at:ained its brilliant honors. Aii'h ertfii.'ient cauc coniisttd in foni-ing their own goerinni'ni on (he original founda tion of human rights, uhirh whs lexea'frt u thein ty a siudy of the laws of ti.-itare? The spirit that would iiiilorallv al'ent such atiH ninenis arising fr tin this study, in snirilej them to iVarne a system of Iree tovernineiit, unob-cured by monopolies, untrammelled by any series ! allegiance to royalty. 1 o me inorh' r country. Amer ica was in some decree indebted for the spirit of pa'riotism, w hich is an essential ingredient in the organization of any gov ernment, but there came not with it, these evils, nhicfi arise from a regal form of government, which in most cases commu nicate their impressions on w hatever people their institution visit, t'.ui this aent wa commingled wnh ail the habits of thn peo ple, and ail ihe feeling of morality. This agent gave a milder cast to their o'l.er passions. This animated them to ninke a universal sttu!le for a universal right. This also was an incentive to iniutal advancement. It effected a ranid nroere r- , in il.lePectual cul ure. For fiom the pei od, wl.en llie li.itk ol i'lymoutu hr.-t recei. ved the wandering foot steps of the Pil grims, there has been a sure and steady advancement in know ledge. Each day, as il hath ci 'lie by, has eatheisd t ye'licr in its trea-ure hou,e some tangible good. The " n light ol every morning has exhlbite I to our astonished gfze, some invention of human , . , , , , , ucmus, some wondertul display of human talents. L terat.ire shines f nth with "n s- ter brdlinncy. , TkV T?il that has fttrhertu poncealed Iheinir face of science, is beinj; tioli'tid. The canvass of American com- merce is filled by ihe breezes ol everv zone. Agriculture offers at the shrine of Industry more abundant sacrifice. Every tnielli- ( H M mind i devoted to ihe d- ve'ivment of : its loll fierfection. Every mu-cle is strained to ait lin a higher li erary eirintion, J to burst the sht'.kles from which the imprisoned soul struggles t. he fr- e," that this fair itiherilaii'-e, purchased at the price ol Ihe bbd of our departed- heme-, mav establish n character that shall be bnyh I. conspicuous on the historic page till nations , . . . .... , , . nn lnn.ia a I i.... 1 I...... O . k. .... ...i,, n,6 "'f. shall end. From the Arm 1A Allot ) The Covt nantir's Night Hymn and i'ravt r. The fo'low ing lieantitul oem - and we hesitate not lo say that it p wsesses merits equal to lho.se of any poem lhat has (jraced I he pages of English literature, since the iulroduc'ion of the prtni'na H" originally apta-ared in ITack wood's .Mnjjn airie. ' It is trom the jien of an anonymous wii;'er. who is kii .wii to the reader ol' that celebrated ; iitagnzinc by,-the signa ture of Delta." The poem is illustrative of ihe privations and sorrows that were en lured by the Scotch t menautcrs, in the tail,- das ol their existence, as a religions sect ; In n, bun ed like wnive, the fixed th ir le roes and their tin pis, in w huh tlt-y rougf i to wnr-h p the only true and living tjnd, among the crags and gli ns of Sc"tiaud. Although it be true, mi h is t-een Jiisilv remarked by a late lusiori'-al writer, thai Ihe Covenan'ers, both in iheir p enchins from the pulpit, aud their teachings by example, frequently proceeded more in the spirit of lauaii'rcisin, ih in of sober, reiig' ous feeling, and that in their an'agnnisiic ard ir they did not he-itae to carry ihe persecutions of winch lin y themselves so justly complained, into the Camp of ihe Bdver-ary--sacrificing, in their mistaken zeal, even the ennobling arts of architect ure, sculpture and painting, as aifjuncts of idol worship sli'l it is to be remembered, that the aggression emanated no! Irom them; and that the rights they contended lor w here the most sacred and invaluable that man can possess the freedom ol worshiping God according to the dictates of conscience. They sincerely believed ll.at the principles which they maintained were right ; and their adherence lo these with unalterable constancy through good report and through ' bad report in the hour of privation, and suffering, and death in the silence of ihe prison cell, not less ihan in the excitement of the battle field -by the bloodstained hearth, on the scaffold, and at the state forms a noble chapter io the history of the human mind of man as an accountable cieature. It should be recollected that these nit- 4tous persecutions were not mere things ol a day, but were continued through at lea three entire gei-,aiion. They extended from the accwssii'h ol J tms VI. to the English ihr.suc, down to the Revolution of I titi 8. almost a century, during ' wht many thousands perished. ' In refJ-rr nee to the following stanzas. hirul 1 be rimeinbered ' '.Uh:', during the holding of their conventicles which fr piently in the more tioub?eonie times I. ok plaee amid inoiiioain sohtudxs. and durin the night a sentieel was s'ntioned on some cniutiiiindiiig height, in the neighbor- his'd, to give warning of ihe approach ol danger : Ho! nlaci'l wst.hcr of ih hill. VV'hat of the night ! whiit of the night t The wind ere w, the wood are f till. The rouiiUVx starn r rmrklng tuiglit ; Fri.ln not : ht i r hclhy, moorland ijleii, By the ihv wild-fowl onlv trod. We ihimt our f.yinn uulum d of rnnn. To ibve, an bamiurewnt God ! J.lin;.h ! thoueh no in appeir. 1'liMugh earth our aiml f'h to leJ, We know, we feel Tin ever near, A iieiit heli in tiaie of need Mi sr. as when pointing out the way, For ever in thy iienplr's tight. A I'illired wrrtih of ruink tiy dev. Wbirh turned to fiery throe at night! Whence rme the tummoni forth to go t Fiom thee awoke the warning round. l""u ' tenm, O Intel ? I The briheu' warfare cutis thee round ! of ,h. fijfil , ,.. , The lamb niut uf the wolf hewsra ; Tl'e fulron rrrk the dove lor prry ; The fowler anreaJe his cunning inaie !" Dv et in golj ; 'lua, peace siouimI Twas seraiiug f ence by field mid flood ; We oke. and on oi.r lintels tound ' , '" i Lord : in tr.v rsu we miH'kd it leirt. t rp. - f . L. 1. t . , Wr ecor.ed the oi gmlly's threatening word. ' Uni "u, our P'"' " ho-'ka to upeare. I And turucd our plough-hare iuloawoida! I tT.9W.f bw bTen' jr.-;n wnen onij roso iryg When rnoiiniain emu and valley green t'oure I forth the loud aecUim to God ! The tire which libeiiy impart Kelulnrnt in each iairiot eve. ; And graven on a nnti hi' heart. I The Ji! Unholy chance ! The corner's chair Is now the cent of ihoe wh- ruin; Tin i urn. and bond, mid ileal li. the eliara j tif all eicrpt the tyrant' tool : jThai faith ii. which ;.ur laih. r bre.ihe.1, Ami hail their lite for whkh Ihev inert ! Thst pricele h''r bm they tiequi-aihtd 'J u',,r on.-our impiou foe deride ! sd He have lefi our home behind, AnJ hv M'"i nn ,u '" 'l11 , Mml we in olern leaiiue hejinej, j y,t ; con,,,, with the Lord, j Xeeei io eek those homes agaiu. i .Never in gte the -word it sheath, n !;,,, our ,iBhl oflllj,n mn.io UnleittTi'd a- the air we breathe ! O Thou w ho rolr-l above the sky. Hi girt an iut with -mrrv throne. Ca t -rien the llenvrn of Heaven thine eya flown on our wives and ttttl-t ones F'"m "allelujuh suiting 'round flti ' lor moment tora thine ear, Th id.iw ratit on ihe aynurel. Tn lamiahed orphan cries lo hear ! ,f ' And thon will hesr ! il can not ha ' 'l hat thou will In-t the r. n' hroxj. V in n liom their ne-t ther erean to I bee, Aed in itoe easti send ihi'm fmd; II tun not lie that ihou wilt we- 'J'he lily -uih HUiierh arr.iy. And yet unted. unh. tlereil, I. sea 1 by children asking less thaa they. We have no liea'th th hes lie In blatknes- wtiere ihey biiglitly abonc : e have no home the deseit sky Oar covering esrtb our couch atone ; VV have fioheit'aie depnven i IV the-e, we a-K nul surh 11 earfh: Our heart are ab'd ; we seek lo heave!) For neriwge, and hoinr, aud beailti ! ') SiVm rity of "he -aint. And h ilv m'" tnaile k rfeet ! we Pant lor thv gate, our pn it foot Thy gloiiuo. g 'Men stri-rts lo see To mark the taplue that inspires The ranaoaied. and red -e:nJ by grace ; To li-tru lo ihe seraph' lvr. And meet the angele fare to face ! Father in Heaven! we turn not hark. Though briars and thoin eboke up the path ; Rather the tortuie ol the rack. I I an tiead Ihe wire press of thy wrath : fet thunder crash, let torrent hower, ' Let wbiilwiudi churn tlii howling sea. What is he turmoil of an hour To an e rmal calm with Thee! The following is n highly sutisfacfory solution of a problem w hich has long per plexed many. 1 "A revivalist at the West has paid this compliment to womnn kind in general : 'l wish to notice a little onjectiou I heard to day concerning our meeting- Some per sons have said lhat this is not really the work of the Lord, because nearly all the "seekers"' are females ; ihey moreover challenge us to tell why there is so large a proportion of the weaker sex engaged. Now I will not answer this directly ; but, see here : two years ago I had occasion to preach to the prisoners in the Penitentiary. Now how did it happen, that there were there more than our hundred males, and but about Ao-a dozen of the weaker sex!" lie was generally supposed by the object ors.about that time and place.to have "got 'em i" leastways so the narrator stales." Pretty hard to get around tuck a Inst, r! BOOK KEEriXCS AT Till: Mi.r.! i ntitf.rnllv fiMrlv all articles Coniniond i . . . .... ,- anna nroM in rash. I hM am lea staaces wherein endit is given, and I was not aware that there was any credit at all, until the day I visited the Soiiorian c.mp, when a gentleman handed me the accouui of a merchant who had just made an as signtnent for the benefit of his creditors. I send you one page of it, io oruer that you may have a correct idee of the credit sys tem in force here. You will s-e that, the style of bookkeeping is quite primitive and original. , The bead commenced thus. Accent Bith of Juh STGuirt and lie people in tnete aeggene. Demon Galnin, 4 lb of flour fi 0) Ueorge William, the darkey white man thoin aillia the apauiard fawns flower - g s funar M.mell stanches grorerie DC Dl it wj Ked ihat live with Dinciug bi'l 3il Daiiciug bill Deciles, lured ahoaa stock- - U 00 j 36 00 ! 10 oo, ns the man ibala in his tent pants unl hose Martin thai ha Ihe woman Dt inaca ihat has the woman with the big ring in her car S3 00 70 00 6 uo the coavu tannic bona Dt bamil on for .hoes Dt The boy I leil the lent with Dt 47 00 35 00 37 00 131 0(1 68 00 Ho Uoleman Dt in all Iua Ihe Sononan that elols the corn flower breed fJhenc id ail up to this data John that apeaka Koglub Dl Poldnary fiowria lhat cut off the china iun a hair, raeous aud pu killer medicine 00 96 00 S 00 Vicente and bis two sons tl ounce in gold dust facile the boas jockey credit till morn ing pantaloon aud .hoea red shirt Ri-auia Kii.eile ibe man haa got ihe ahoe for riser for the woman that lite. in all 7 00 16 00 The man thai wa lame with romilaom The man that claim the horse IU dol lar cash Th. Spaniard that took ibe jacket Loreuche the Spaniard Utat be the cat 10 00 137 00 tle frank the man Wat won lhat gamble y 00. aueii9al)ea,uie Uanaruer ireucnman, 1 isuu' tr.l h. the .hi,. 24 III! and for two ounces in gold dual lent f ui ill J 43 00 The man lhat set up the store in the new diggui for what due on halt. candle, wrapya sorsai- said n col fee pautaloon pan rej bvlu 300 00 There, Mes-rs. Editors is a iru copy. as literally as I can make it, of one pace oi an account book kept hy one of the mer chants at the mines. Ii it not original in s style, and, considering the absence of the school master, an excellent cfFrt T I would send you Ihe document itself, but I ish to retain it among my relics of the gold excitement. How to Conduct a Newspaper. In 1788, Dr. R ish wrote a letter to Mr. Hrown, the editor of the Federal Union, iving him directions how to conduct a newspaper in such a manner as to make it iiiiiocent, u-a.'ful aud entertaining. The pa per is a very interesting one, and may be read with instruction at the present day. "4- Never suffer your pajier to be a ve- icle of private scandal or of personal dis putes. II ihe faults of public officers nre exposed, let it lie done with decency. N man has a light lo attack (he vices or fob lies of private citizen, in a newspaper. Should you, under a false idea of preserv ing ihe liberty ol the press, lay open Ihe secrets of families and thereby wound fe male honor and delicacy, i hope our Leg- ature will repeal the law that relates io assault and battery, and that the hlr rty cf I elgeoiis will he as sacred and universal in Pennsylvania as your liberty of the ress. "5. Sever publish an article in your pa per tliuijrou wou.d not wish your wife or laughter (if you have any) should read or understand. ,The less you publish about yourself, the better. What have your readers to do with the neglects or insults that are offered to you by your fetlow-ciiiteus ! li a print ci offends you, attach huri in your paper, because he can defend himself wiih li e same weapons wiih which you wound him Type against type is lair play. If you had been in twenty Bunker's Hill battle, in stead of one, and hudlought forty duels in to the bargeio, and were afterwards to re venae an affront, upon a man who was not a printer, in a newspaper, 1 would not be lieve that you possessed a particle of true courage. "9. Let the advancement of agricult ure, manufacturers, and commerce be the principal objects of your paper. A receipt to destroy the insect that feeds npon tur nips, or to prevent the rot in sheep, will be more useful, io America, than all the in ventions for destroying the human species, which so often fill the columns of Europe an newspapers.' It cost France $40 por soldier, it is esti mated, to take Rom, IdKrat In fl'-len. I The increaiS of the idle population of larje cities, some sav, will ever prevent in.. ' . . 1 giving an tfiicient application of ihe laws lo preserve order, and secure peace and safety to ihe community. This is a palj-a bin contradiction. Having discovered the cause of disorder lo be an idle population, the cause i'self suggests the remedy, bv prevent ng the increase of the idle, as well as diminishing the number. Society have the whole matter in their own grasp. Any I social evil is curable if you wont to cure n. in j , will apply as forcibly to the suppression of mobs as to the eh penient of a lover. l' you g.ve enrouragement to idleness, you , mu-l reap Ihe Irui's ol ihe whiriwinrj that you sow. Every idler is Ihe public enemy. lyewant at more-laws on iiie sunjeci ; ; WIl... j.. ., ,. .1. j. u. wu. ... -!,. , IU-.. Commit all idlers as vagrants ; aud what e!ie 'hpy' ,,e 'h"y mcB ' h"y" 1 Uu truth is, we encourage insead of pun- i-hing idleness, and hen eapect to e,j .y tneed eeBtiolK U,i , his is done we shall pence. s.cur.IT "r,d order. The devil " j have iua-fer instead of icorJkiiten. Whi! said lobe If bosom friend of the id'e. mt of few ouf Mechanicsdl 6rsl me worK, Keep at work, and you will keep out of go , ,he Norh and t0 Eu- mischief. Never compromise with the I for lheif m8nufdC,ure9machine.fy,8tc. devil, hy working hairyour lime and idling I A ourflitaboi)t eilcouragiDg home in the other half. This does more mischief da.UVt ad ,aief, dependence upon our' than total idleness. Oh ! but you must L.,,, wU Bmoun. to jU8t nothini? at rel ix a little !" D . you ever feel as hap Lp. py when idle as when at work ? No, you j Nothirg needs now to be more stremi neverd. It is coutr-r. t ths lays of nt , ously urged than that, among all classes ture. Man was made to labor, and lhat of .nechanics, a full and regular apprentice labor h4S been made so sweet to him, it !ship in a'i casses be i isis'ed upon. Jus. fee constitutes his happiness. Experience 1 10 the apprentice, to the master, and to the stamps this fact with a seal not to be bro- ken. Now what is true of individuals is true of s'ciety- Large populations must be kept busy, or ihey prey on themseives. Snail a set ot worthless idiers eij iy them- selves in firing buildings, and murdering . ... . . " no.u.tu. .. .... ofthe public good 1 As matters now stand, it would seem that the object of civiliza tion was ihe amusement ol the id'e. What a nmns rous perversion I We have then but one duly to perform to insure the reign oi peace, and ihat is to find employment fir every idle man and boy found loafing in the s reets, and if employment is to not be had immediately, commit them till ii cao be obtained. Boys, idle and worthless, are now the chief cause of all riots. Scour the streets, lanes and alleys of all the id'e who infest them, and see how easily the evil of public outrages ran be aba ed. As this must be done, sooner or la er, if so ciety is to be preserved from disorganiza tion, why the sooner it is dune ihe better. As Ihis is the root ol the evil, ihe root must be cut up. Nil one w ho judged by what he saw, and who saw the numlier ol id'ers in Ihis city, would suppose lhal any were al wurk. and yet we are ihe most in dustrious people in the Union. There is much in the foregoing, from the Philadelphia ledger, lhal is applicable equally lo idle men and boys (and also do- j nuihiitg women) in country lowns.J j . . Influence mf Dad nooks. Bad books ate line ardent spirits ; they furnish neither 'ailinetii' nor "merlicine they are pUon Both intoxlcuit one the mind, ihe o'h-r tb bdy ; ihe thirst for each increases hy being fed, ano? is never satisfied ; both ruin one the il l- llc , h other the health, and together. the soul. Tlie makers nut! vender o' each are equally corrup'ors of ihe com munity ; and the af-gunrd against each other is the same total ubeiintnte fiom all that iiilozicultt the miinl and hodf. Macau'ey, in his History of Eno'm?,no' le-s Iruly than giandly, describes Milton : A niigh:ier poet, tr ied at once by pain, danger, poverty, ohloqity and blindness rnedi'ated. undisturbed by the obscene lu mult which raged all around him, a song so sublime and holy.'hai it would not have misbecome the lips oi those etherial virtues whom he saw, wiih ihe inner eye which no calamity could darken, flinging down on the jasper pavement their crowns ol amaranth and guld.' Thrt law in Qmnectictit asainst selling spiritnus liquor imKtses a fine of $10 for the first ofleu.ee, for Ihe second, and so double for every offence of which a man shall be ronvicted. A man has forty five cases pending against him, ihe last of which, if found guilty, subjects him to a penalty of $114,490 300. w. The only class of men who are not in :hc habit of disparaging their neighbor; are the assessors of taxes : lor it is well known that ihey never "umWrn'e" anybody, in ihe slightest dejrefi l Apprenticeship.''' 1 One of the most serious obstacles to tha progress of the Mechanic A rts among 0. (says a thoughtful Southern journal, whose hints are also suited to the North is the brief and. irregular apprenticeship served. No greater mistake can be made than to suppose that a Irale can be ac quired in a few months. Without the in slruciioris, practice and discipline of a reg ular apprenticeship no one can become so good a mechanic as be is capable of be- I h fue lha, c)e whq fcM i mechanical talents may in a short time, m ,inii(pd kmmMp ot a trade, and be) nU,e to d , fWin yb j a bungling I w , h hn? , (li ,( ,he proijd ,j,e of M xhanic." Besides ,,e mus aUly( ,aj0r ,a gfejll Jdygn,,. i" . .... . I nCM. II a urb Mill ..... MmmBna hluh I(rice9f nor w,n he filld ready anfj c0,tant LmloJ one48 lhere j, . arcUy of orknien in his particular business. Our L,.n,,ard of ohficaiion for Mechanics public, all retire ihis 'miKli nit wtmm lhi. A nil It i "fha flits- tate of policy as well as of justice. NullW ing short of this will ensure jjie apprentice such a knowledge of his business as wilt fit hitn to undertake business- on his own account ; nothing short of this will give ih employer a proper remuneration for . his instruction ; nothing short of this wilt give character and standing to us as class. In Germany the young man is not onfy required to serve a reguht epprenticeshtp, hut he is then required to travel three! years, through the principal cities and towns of his country, laboring a while inr each, to pay ihe expenses of his journey and to give him a knowledge of all the' new discoveries and improvements in his trade. Thus he becomes a thorough me chanic. For this reason we never see s bungling workman from Germany. No? man is allowed lo become a master, or boss, there, unless he can show specimen fthe highest excellence of workmanship. Laws, rendering all this obligatory, might he out of place in our government, but we wish that custom, which is law in another forin, might require, most peremptorily, regular apprenticeship, in all cases. Let not ihis important point be lost sight of by 'he mechanics of the South. .Imcricat Mtchaiic. Indian Rei resentaTiox. The Inch of poli'ical war is sometimes a curious thin"; to liehol J. Take, for exami 1. the recent Congressional election in Indiana. The ma jority fr Mr. McGaughey (Whig) in the seventh district is greater th in ihe whole DciiMcraiic majrtiity in ihe north half of li diana. nod the Free Sji! thrown intotha bargain ' .And yet the Whi;s have but one member in Indiana f Look at this : V.hiz. P-m. McOauhrj 1,873 Julian, (F.S ) 4 h .list. IS! Mcl.Miai:.(D".i) 8ih 3:11 F.tch. (Pein ) 9th tSl HarUn, (Item.) lUih St Tout 1 359) McGatighey majority over all, SI 5. Mere is a pecimen of lurk! Ilowfvcry in live loii roo. 'his sort of luck comes out aH ut right. In New Tork, it must be ad mi ted, the luck is rather agaia-l ihe Deiu ocrals. Cincinnati .lilae. The Next C-n.-re.s The gain of si Whig member in Rhode fs'and, ti'fs the' Whigs three majority in tiie llonseof Rep resentatives thus far, viz; Whigs tlecteif 1 04 Democrats 10-. Seventeen merntjers are yet to ne chosen, in district which sent to UstCongresseighiWhigs and nineDjnio crats. The Free Soilers in this calcul it ion are numbered with their original parties. A machine has beeu invented entiled a "fire anniliilslor.' which, by a powerful application of vapor, elinguiahes a most mlen-e fire ia a few seem is. The Sheriff's Office of the city and connty of Philailelphia, is worth g30.00( per itrniim $ )000 more than the Presi dency of the Unted States. Plank roads in the S'ate of New York pay 1 5 per cent, on a capital of three hun dred thousand dollars. They ar Issceirrw i g very jojiu!r. . ,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers