Ev A-; EH rvr s feSf!' Stnmittg jjlglSs Hger PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY CtRtJfl . K. CCRTI8. rslM!T. ae, W. Och. Seeretam John O, Martin. Treasurer! afit It tttdlattm, Philip (J, Collins, John B. WIN tUnu, tolHtfow. EDrroniALnoAnDi Cr0 tt. K. Ccith, Chairman. k It, WHALE . Etecutlta fedltor i i i P i i i i -i . . .in i i i i fOUM C. MArttlM. . . r, .. .Ocnsral Business Mnrf rnbtUtied Tall? at Pttuo Mnn llutialns, tn1tliSIeoc Square, Philadelphia. tnrara Cstftaa,. ........ BroW iM Chtitnut Street ATHfrtlc Oil ......... ...Prei. Union Building; JJitfYosa.. , .lTO-. Metropolitan Tbwer Cnioloo. ......... i. .,..au nme Insurance Building Lo!toK......,..,,8 Waterlee ne, rail Mall. S. W. KBW6 PtmjUltSI &WIMUH Bessie. ,.,., , Th rafrfat Building; wainiM0T4ii tittup rh Pott Building J.HW YoK lUKlltl. ........ The Timet llulldlng Bnil Bcso ...,.,. j.,,. .80 FrlclrlehitraMi Loxdom iiumo. .......... ...J Vmi Mall East, 8. W, Ml Beas D 82 Hue Louis U Grand utrBscmmow TERMS Br eatfftr.t) mia ar -p! reentred, D. JJiiLT OirLr. ent m Scrlptloni pajeMe In advance, anX.aooOVAUfpT KETSTONK,MAIr(B000 I W Xddrett oil eommtnleittom la JTventftfli ' htlett, Iniiptnitnce Swart, ThtladttpMa. t Swtass if eats ratUbaUuU rolWrr 10 II Stcoxs ) , cmi mn. mno, milADtUIIU. TttUDtY. UECEMllEn IB, 1914. A New Architect and a INcw Blocklcy TIlEHfe is no need of n now Blocklcy un less It will bo better than the old. The Erection of buildings entirely unsulted to their purpose Is a form of graft tho people are thoroughly tWcd of by this time. They are Trillins to spend tho money, but they Want to ret something for It. Juat a lot of bricks piled together doca not mean a modern hospital building. Philip II. Johnson, archi tect in perpetuity, may bo perfectly com petent to hire men who will draw for him modern hospital plans. There Is no Indica tion that he has dono to. It will bo tlmo enough to build when thero Is some reason to believe tho designs submitted are at least plausible enough not to be ridiculous. Let It Alono POSTMASTER BURLESON'S annual re port will be famous for tho amount of dissent It will call forth. Many of his state ments are open to doubt, and most of his conclusions are capable of contradiction. Can an enterprise bo called Belf-supportlng that earns no Interest on the amount of capi tal Invested and pays no taxes upon Its prop rty7 Is a department of government worthy of congratulation that derives a largo part of lta Income by compelling tho railroads to carry parcels at a rate below the actual cost of transportation T Can a department of government bo sanely officered that coolly proposes to acquire the telephone and tele graph lines of tho country under conditions that prohibit the Government from operating thtm successfully? But of all the recommendations advanced by Mr. Burleson the. most disastrous Is that of the return to tho contract system for rural delivery. When tha star-routo system was In vogue it gavo occasion for a crop of tho most disgraceful scandals that over dis figured our Government. To return to It Bow Is simply to Invite the old species of corruption In almost every congressional dis trict. If tho Administration wishes to create a new and Irresistible political machine. If It wishes to multiply tho temptations to graft. If It wishes to make mall delivery in efficient and uncertain, If It wishes to en trench political contractors In tho Federal as In municipal government, then reintro duce tha star-routo system. On almost every point he makes Postmas ter Burleson will find the thoughtful and ex perienced pepple of the country against him. ' If tha department Is really doing well for tho first time since the days of Benjamin Frank lin, then for goodness' sake let It alone and gtrtt It a chance to do better. The Light That FailB MEDICAL EXAMINERS of public schools attribute a largo share of tho back wardness of pupils to bad eyesight Multi tudes of poor women are Incapable of earn ing a livelihood by sewing on account of de fective vision. Eyesight Is one of the eco nomic assets of the community. Doctors agree that trachoma, various forms of Inflammation and other external diseases of the eyes are caused by dark, un ventlated, insanitary and dirty tenements. Tha prevalence of eye disease among the poor la alarming. If we want to run down the Industrial capacity of tha race and raise a crop of blind dependents upon charity, one of tho surest ways of achieving our end Is to permit the tenement conditions to remain as they are. Fully one-half of the social Ills from which people now suffer might be avoided If tt were mada,compulsory upon all men to live up to tha enlightened laws already uponthe statute book. But selfishness and greed invent a thousand excuses for evasion, and tho ver dict of science and humanltartanlsm Is nul lified whonever It threatens to reduce the real estate returns even by a fraction, No Pomp and Glitter of War fitHU primary objection to the Boy Scout X movement In America haa been that It tends to Increase the inherent fighting ln (rtlnot, Baden-Powell, founder of the organ isation, had no such thought, nor has Ernest Thompson Baton or "Ben" Lindsey, two of the raost ardent supporters of the organiza tion In this country, Intimated such a desire. That all three have been accurate in their estimate of the advantages of the Boy Scout Idea, and have carefully counted the disad vantages has been proved the -past few Bionths In the lack of warlike attitude on the part of any Scout camp In the country at -iare. Notwithstanding tha war In Europe, the excitement In Mexico and the perturbed , aondltloas hers at home, the Boy Scouts have Saiiy yonaaneaa, aomg tne amy closest to m. v Such reserve force Indicates that the aver. T American boy who becomes a Scout pos mml) an ability not nly to keep out of im spidiate trouble, but to maintain organiza tion. It la more than probable that should tfce eecasien arise for defense of tha home wuntry tha Bay Scouts; would prove a ftotor ft while, wt as for "mill tarlsm"" per se, tfcy refuse te beegiae eiUhualaatla. Conservation of Humanity in Alaska elTlLBCAyipfT does set wean immediate sakt to every ess, There was a time tine tke njtttees af Alaska aotiiu subsist upaa the Aesh a -far-bearing aaJaaalf and fteae ia th FH. &M tfc,e UftHad States MPutnii? tfca fc of developing Aks the nlqiU bavw tMwa ruth (! bJaJk tor UM (r narks. ad toe lsft art ow Ktets4 ye taw the tteater. Wa Alaaktn aatives ar Inatr&aw toad a4 teHMw batter wj WW veja pwtutpineii t,pW j iVBWINO LBlmUi PHILADELPHIA they havo ho weans of obtaining It. Tuber culosle and other doMca of elvlllfcattrn aM spreading rapidly atuong them. Conditions are so bad that Judge Brown, in champion ing their cause, pleads for tho Federal Gov ernment to do something for tho desolate poople In the name of Justice and humanity. Real conservation does not consist In sac rificing human life while preserving mineral deposits Overanxlety for the natural physi cal resources of Alaska has led our Govern ment to neglect tho human resources. If Judge Brown's suggestions are carried out the Alaskans wilt not bo pauperized, but will be provided with tho means of obtaining their own livelihood. Co.operntlvo stores, the establishment of Hah eolterles and can neries, tho opening of farms for the breeding of fur-bearing animals, and tho rounding Up of all the natives in communities or reser vatlona, will meot tho situation and dis charge the debt we owo to the people whoso means of livelihood we have destroyed. Not Ono Cont for Junk ajTlLLIONB for Bhlps and not one cent for ' American workmen! That, It seams, Is .the Intention of Washington at a time when unemployment has deluged tho charltablo agencies of the country for months, and the onrush of prosperity is still moro prophetic than real. Thero come from Washington a flood of proposals, all designed to throw tho Govern ment Into private business and correspond ingly circumscribe the opportunities for pri vate venturo. No business is conspicuously successful that Government ownorshlp Is not urged, and no Industry has been practically legislated out of existence that It la not pro posed to buttress tt with national dollars, without In any way softening tho statutes which have caused the ruin. Tho President admits that our merchant marine has been strangled by Congross. Ho suggests no remodlaJ measures, but proposes, on the contrary, that millions bo taken from tho Treasury for tho purchase of ships. Ho is going to put tho Amorlcan flng back on tho ocean If every dollar In the Treasury has to bo squandered In the attempt. Where will tho ships be got? In Amorlcan shipyards? No, the plan is to buy tho dere licts of other nations, to spend vast sums In tho acquisition of tubs. No wonder there are powerful Influences at work In favor of the ship-purchase moasure. There arc steam ship companies that would profit from It vastly. Thoy want to unload; they see a chanco to put their Angers Into the public till and extract therefrom great quantities of gold. Tho Junk dealers are out In forco. There should be no Government merchant marine. But If hysteria Is not yet ended, and this latest blundering program is adopted, not one dollar should be spent except In American shipyards. The need is not so exi gent as the publla Is asked to believe. There are plenty of carriers available for Imme diate use. Put the taxpayers' money back Into tho Industries of the nation, underwrite with It tho prosperity of our own establish ments, revive the marine "by revitalizing tho builders of a marine, glvo American labor a chance. No money for dilapidated and worn out junk. Not one cent unless it goes into the pockets of American workmen. . A Nugget for Ambitious Youths IN THE latter part of this month a ship will leave Philadelphia ladon with an ex hibit of Philadelphia-made wares. It will contain also wares made 'In Now York and Baltimore, and will be supported financially on Its voyage by manufacturers of the cities named. The voyage Is to be 'round the Horn, or, In other words, the encircling of South America. Nothing Is to be sold; resident dealers at ports touched aro to be Invited aboard to see "what the neighbor to the north" can do. In short, the sole object of the enterprise Is to Introduce and popularize In South America goods made In the United States. Ultimately, to sell Amerlcan-mado goods will require the services of American agents of American Arms In South America towns and cities. The languago most spoken In Central and South America, aside from Brazil, where Portuguese Is In tho ascendant, Is Spanish. There Is ample opportunity, therefore, for tho live, active, ambitious young American to learn Spanish If ho would partake of the trade about to be realized. For years to come Europe will present small opportunity to the aspiring youth of. America, but South America presents a fer tile field. Learn Spanish and go South prom ises to supplant Horace Greeley's advice, "Go West, young man, go Westl" The Wilson tango: One step forward, one step backward, hesitate and reverse. Qlve Mr. Burleson the wires of the country and he will take care of the news. If the Government got the telegraph maybe the messages would be delivered almost as soon as special delivery letters are now, The Kaiser's temperature Is reported nor mal again, but his physicians do not refer to his fighting fever- The estimate that it costs tlS.OQQ to kill one man In the war Is Just about as reasonable as the estimates of the number of men killed. Washington Is thinking too much about the prosperity of the Government and too little about the prosperity of the people who make the Government. "The country Itself Is all right," says James J, Hill. Considering his usual pessimism the head of the Great Northern must be optimis tic indeed. How very seriously Schwab takes Bryan's peace program Is indicated by his purchase of a proving ground near Cape May on which to test biff guns. " i i ii j The usual pretense of cutting congres sional mileage from 16 to 5 cents the mile appears In the latest appropriation bill pre sented. The members are always In favor of the reduction except when they aro voting against It ii jWP fill p The Mint officials are dlssrtlefled with the eoaages made la cta design. When it aosaea te "matching it is. useable that tJere Is ottes dispute as to which ta the "Head" ef the sew alokela. ' " V " aa1am1n.i.ip Colorado's new geld strike gives oppo luuHy far seiewtWe ecflaamfcna to wv their assartloas that overeuply of yellow caeAal ka tmami tie taereaw la tie oet of MvtAeT. innifliibi JOHN BARLEYCORN IS ON HIS LAST LEGS i i Foe of American Home Will Soon Do Counted Out The Brewers Prophesy Their Own DownfallA Look Fivo Years Ahead. By Rev. CIIA11LES M. SHELDON Aotbr of "In till Sltpi," Ele. TUB end of the American saloon 1 in sight. Tho Issuo Is tho sharpest and plainest of all the issues in the country to day. American has moro great problems to tho squaro foot than nny .other country In the world. There aro times when the Pro fession of, reformer feels very much like say ing, "Tho world Is out of Joint. Oh, cursed spite that ever I was born to set It rleht." But the fact remains that wo aro In this world to face Its problems and work them out. Among the problems facing tho American people are, first, THE BIG CITT and all that goes with It. Men and women aro giving themselves to tho big city to make It livable. Becond, the problom of tho FEDERATION OF THE CHURCHES. That will bo worked out by a ncrles of evolutionary steps. Third, the problem of the Commercial Trust, which requires a whole government to enact laws preventing tnon from being too solflsh. Fourth, tho problem of Child Labor. Fifth, tho problem of settling tho difficulties be tween tho men of musclo and tho men of money. Sixth, the problem of Race Preju dice, which will bo the next great question tho American pcoplo might settle after tho saloon has gone. Sovcnth, tho Drink Prob lem. Among all these problems, that of tho American saloon Is In somo respcctB tho greatest at tho present tlmo. It Is a simple problem and not complex, as most of the others ore. There Is only one Issue, and that Is tho American home, tho best thing wo have, over against tho American saloon, tho worBt thing we havo. Both of them cannot live together on tho soil of a freo pcoplo. Tho American saloon Is going out, and the Ameri can home Ib coming In. Tho beginning of tho end Is In sight. Perhaps tho most striking proof of this prophecy Id the changing attitude of business. Men In big cities who, flvo years ago, thought the saloon was necessary for business, now repudlato it because they havo learned tho facts concerning its economic waste. Thero has novcr been any rovenuo from a saloon, and In tho nature of tho caso thero never will bo. Business Intorcsts aro fast finding this out. Five years from now no business man in nny city In America will defend tho Ameri can saloon for economic reasons. Chased by Warships As a little Illustration may I give this per sonal Incident? On tho 6th of October I loft Auckland, N. Z., on a British liner bound for Honolulu. Two of tho German cruisers that have recently been sunk chased our steam ship up through the Pacific and wo landed In British Columbia. Not an officer or a mem ber of tho crew on that boat touched a drop of liquor during the entire trip of-19 days. They sailed under Btrlct ordors from tho owner of that boat,, who would not risk a two-mllllon-dollar Investment and a million dollars' worth of goods In the hold In charge of any man, from tho captain down, who put alcohol Into his body. What that steamship company put down as an Impcratlvo rule for Its employes will be the recognized rule of all business In a few short years. Another Indication of the passing of the saloon and'of tho cntiro liquor traffic is seen In the changed attitude toward liquor as a medtclno or as a beverage. Tho other day, In tho city of Philadelphia, between 41 and 12:30 noon,. I counted an avorage of IB men In ten different saloons. In one hotel's bar I counted 79 men a few minutes after 12. Most of these men appeared to be well dressed. They looked like averago business men. I venturo to predict that If tho American saloon lasts five years moro, no business man will be found drinking In a hotel or saloon, because the great majority of them will ac cept tho authoritative statements of science that alcohol Is a poisonous drug, and no human being can put It Into his body with out great danger. Hundreds of people who have been keeping liquor in their houses for emergency aro throwing It away or discontinuing Its use. Sentiment along this lino Is growing with great rapidity. Rising Tide of Opposition It Is time the American people understood, In general, the rising tide of feeling over the country for national prohibition. Liquor States, where It seems impossible for a State prohibitory law to be enforced, are willing to turn over tho matter to the National Gov ernment. Thousands of men who will not vote for State prohibition are ready at any time to vote for national prohibition. It Is time Uncle Sam went out of business as a partner of John Barleycorn. The so called revenue he gets from this partnership Is lost ten times over In the expenses caused In the American saloon through crime, in sanity, pauperism and the actual loss to labor of years In a man's life. Russia reck ons that she will save 600.000 men to the State In four years' time, now that she has banished vodka. . The American saloon haa proved Itself to bo the enemy of the home, the school and' the business welfare of the people. The brew ers themselves prophesy their own downfall. John Barleycorn Is on his last legs and will soon be counted out. "BILLY" SUNDAY IN DES MOINES To the Editor of tha Bvmtng Ltigtrt Blr-I note in your paper different articles on "Billy" Sunday, In your cty, as there was In ours, there Is much speculation as to what "Billy" may do. I have heard him possibly aome SO times end can sey that his Influence will be felt further than the most sanctimony lous dreamer ever dreamed of and thousands out of curiosity or otherwise, will leave the tab ernacle and In reality lead better lives. One man here told me that he had net been In a church for 40 years, had condemned Sunday as a erafttr. had even written him a letter to that effect, and now not only has "hit the sawdust trail," but has Joined a church In this city and is making hie experience and Influence ooUnt for something. Another has repented and U making good, whom I have known to 'be under the Influence of rum for days at a time, and these are only two of the many. K, Des Moines, la.. Pecember . nELP AMERICANS FIRST Te th4 Sditor ef JI Hvmlna Ztdgtrt Sir How tad Is the condition that Is prevail lag la the United States! Here it ia: We are sending millions of dollars, a lot of food and clothing to starring Belgian, but what are we doing to help our own poor, starving peo ple? Nothing. Butlaeee Is dot), many thou- aaaas ei psowe are out or work in thte coun try, a a result ef thU war, deefiltUe, and it (s said, "eaa't even bay a Job." &MMe we W jf la the same peettiea as that of BeTgium. weAW the fian ceaatriee help as ot as m&sfe as we an astsiag then out today The chance ase the would oat. It U all right to help BeJsJaw, feat our out? is to help oar m paogte Smc Do yuu woader way ertnua Is committed, wtua a naa a&a't get a Job sad ssteet raceyt U mlawfui saeaii la order to l. i ---l sue - -- "' - .eWii ' gnln an exletenco for himself and family? Then lot us start a nation-wide relief movement for tho poor people and let the spirit of "good will townrd men" provall. MOnniB STRAUSS. Indianapolis, Inil,, December 8. JEWS' FAITH IN UNCLE SAM To Iht Jlditor of thi Evening Ledger: Sir Your editorial In answer to doubts of Jewish association, after the presont war, on a "common bnsle," Is proof of the security 'of Jewish reliance on American public opinion for Judgment of claims or right by merit. Tho pub lication of "my beloved Jews" In cartoon and editorial by American periodicals and other me diums, also Increases the confidence of the race In the Justice of Uncle Sam. FRANK K. OINSBURO. Philadelphia, December 1. THOSE PRESIDENTIAL BOOMS Mann, Whitman and Willis as Rivals The Per feet "Lame Duck." By EDWARD W. TOWNSEND THE recent return of Mr. Herrlclc from Paris and its attendant Presidential boom give added Interest to the activities and demeanor, and, so far as thoy can be dis covered, tho views of Jamos R. Mann, Re publican floor leader in the House of Rep resentatives. With a hope of starting some thing 1 greeted Mr. Mann the other day as "Mr. President." He laughed, then shook his head and said: "All very pretty, very sweot, but thore's nothing to it." In a moro serious vein he expressed this aa his vlows in relation to this interesting subject: "I think today the two men who should be most considered by Presidential slate makers are Governor-elect Whitman, of New York, and Governor-elect Willis, of Ohio. Each la frorri a State whose electoral voto Is highly Im portant; each corner from a State that has sent men from the Governor'! chair to tho White House, and each combs from a State in which political conditions aro keeping na tional politicians guessing." Unless my recollection Is at fault thero was once a Governor of Ohio known as "Fog Horn Allen," of whom It was said that ho could make a speech to Cleveland or to Cin cinnati quite as well from Columbus or from any other place. This, It may be guessed, waa a delicate allusion to the volume and carry ing power of his volco. In ono respect, at least, Congressman Willis, now Governor elect of Ohio, can fill the place left vacant by "Fog Horn Allen." He has a voice of singular resonance and carrying power. But that Is not his only possession of merit. Like so many politicians from Ohio, like Garfield hlmBelf, Willis was a schoolmaster before he became a Congressman. He taught, I think, some branch of English, although he Is an advanced scholar In mathematics, and also may have taught In that branch of learning. He can use that big voice of his readily and effectively In debate. He Is one of the biggest , men physically In the House since the trans lation of OUIe James to the Senate, He Is a very good miser and a genial chap withal. So that these qualities, added to the circum stances" of his recent slambang success In Ohio and the circumstances regarding politi cal conditions in Ohio, seem to Justify Mr. Mann's opinion that Governor Willis must be taken seriously Into consideration by those who are making' up Presidential slates. Lame-duck stories have been rather over, done, and for that reason I will venture Just this one. Congressman Burke, of South Da kota, a Republican, unexpectedly met defeat. We all remembered him as an alert, vigorous, upstanding, quick-stepping man, so when he returned on Monday and entered the House chamber so lame frojn rheumatism? that ho wad aiding his progress with two crutches, the situation threw all sympathy to the dogs and there was a howl -of laughter. Poqr Burkel Ho bore the chaffing good naturedly, although 200 or 300 men said to him, "Well, old chap, I have heard of lame ducks, but T never thought I would sea one who required crutches to walk wtth," TIIE RUSSIAN COMPOSERS These afe the sorcerers, who In one song's epaee Can bring the ancient wliardry of the earth Dim, savage, primal, passionate to rebirth la alnuous, thronging shapes of violent grace. Old war orles waken aa the mareh goes by; New paths are riven by those storming feet; And through the thunders, mounting- high and sweat, Love sends the magic of IU tender cry. Their soul is of a people neree and !owed, A great dumb spirit struggling Into seag. With astsouth Joys, "with www of aV-o!d And bopeo-a wild star ftamhig frosn a stood. These ore the eerotre, who with lifted band Can iw M " rth' proMte. (a sie rltaav-" The torsfftl lvlaar and the oaalceniag draMii, Ta ted dwo staattac oa "',tN'JK& IViELUNGr MONEY DIVIDENDS IN GOOD HOUSING Cities in Which Real Estate Owners Have Found It Financially Profitable to Give Their Tenement Dwellers a Scjuare Deal. By F. C. FELD 1 Superintendent Octitlt Hill AiitclatUn. WHEN any community, be it a largo city or a small town, says that it has no housing problem It admits Ignorance or ln dlffercnco to this all Important question. For sometimes tho term, "housing problem," has been used as synonymous with the tenement problem, and has called to the mind of the average person a row of dismal-looking four or flvc-story buildings In thoXneglccted or slum sections of a large city, and In the neighborhood of which ono would expect to find tho dirty, ill-fed and worse-clothed chil dren of the very poor; or porhaps It has sug gested the sections of-the city where the so called foreign element lives. But to those who glvo any thought to this vital matter the housing problom means more than this. It means not only the In vestigation of tho districts where the very poor live, with tho view of correcting by legislation or otherwise tho conditions found, but It Includes tho making over or rebuilding of slum areas and tho erection of dwelling places where the unskilled laborer, or ' tho lower rate wage-earner, may live with his family and enjoy decency, privacy and tho simpler conveniences and comforts that all persons aro entitled to and ought to have. It Is with this broad viewpoint of the hous ing question In mind that I wish to present the following review of what other cities and towns are doing to relieve their present con ditions through correction where possible, and to provide, by the erection of now dwell ings or tenoments, sanitary accommodations for the low-rate wage-earning class. Where Reform Pays in Dollars Within the last few months great publicity has been given to the Interest of Mrs. Wood row Wilson In the problem of the slum In tho nation's capital city, and because of this great Interest Congress took action looking toward the final abolishment of such notori ous places as Willow Tree, Goat, Ragland and other Infamous alleys or slums In Wash ington. Behind the well-paved and well-lighted, fine, spacious avenues are to be found many Interior alleys and small streets. Many of these are Intersected by still other and smaller dead-end alleys which form blind pockets, and whero are found the dwellings of the very poor In all their filth and squalor. It Is these foul, disease-breading places that Washington Is going to wipe out, and Instead will be found parks, Bmall open spaces, rearrangement of streets, so as to have all streets of proper width and continu ing between two main streets, thus prevent ing dead-end alleys or forgotten pockets In which vice and filth run rampant It addU tlon to this, It is proposed that new tene ments and dwellings be erected and financed by the Government where sanitary living quarters will be provided with good sur roundings and at low rates of rental. In addition to this, the work of the Wash ington Sanitary Improvement Company must not be overlooked. The company began operation in 1896, and has built and success fully managed a large number of twofstory two-family houses with apartments of two, three and four rooms, with bath and other conveniences, and rented at 19 a month and upward for a flat. This company finds Its work so successful that it Is enabled not only to pay a dividend of E per cent., but has ao- cumulated a large surplus out of earnings, and never wants for additional capital to ex tend the work, One naturalfy turns to New York city, and here we find the housing problem most com plex and dlffloult. With the great conges tion of population, dwelling for the most part in large tenement or apartment houses, a well-developed system of inspection Is re quired and carried out. New York has long since put away the outside privy vault or toilet, and while It U estimated that Phila delphia has K,m vaults or privy weUs that are not underdralned, New -fork has none. The underdralned water-flushing toilet now being installed in the yards of many small houses in Philadelphia, and considered a great improvement, i not permitted in New York city. A Successful Experiment Basement dwellings, manufaeturiag In dwelllago and similar abuses are forbidden, and are pevated by a, weUrdevelooed asd adeiate system ef tesemeat house taspeo tlon aad laws. Aside from lpeeUej and cupervtitO. New York bas asty suaastsful CQMpanlM furnisfal&x good booalag aoeom latwle lions at reasonable rejss4s. M eMty aa MM Alfrd T. WWU. a pblie. spirited resident of Brooklyn, whllo working out plans for an Improved type of tenement house, woa attracted by tho reported suc cess of the "butsldo staircase buildings-' erected In London In 1863 for working people. Tho plans were obtained and, after altera tions to suit tho-c'llmato and other conditions here, were adopted by him, and ho con structed the six-story "homo tenements!' 'opened Jn Brooklyn In 1877. Tho 10 apart ments wero fully let the first week, and their success was such as to command an Immedi ate and unexpected Interest through the State and country, visitors coming from far and near. This modest experiment was largely responsible for the agitation through out New York which led to the adoption of the tenement house act of 1879. Tho venturo of. Mr. Whito turned out so well financially that a couple of years lator additional land and buildings were procured, and soon mSre than 170 new model apart ments wero thrown open ,to the. worklngmen. Subsequently a still larger tract was secured, and In 1890 tho "Riverside Buildings" were) completed, with 2S0 apartments. Altogether, the White buildings accommodate about 2CKJ0 Individuals'. Fireproof and Airy Tho features distinguishing these struc tures from other tenement houses are (1) fireproof staircases sunk In the front or rear of tho buildings, open to the air and extend ing In a semicircular tower from the cellar to the roof; (2) entire absence of any Interior communication from floor to floor by stair ways or Bhafts, and (3) buildings only two rooms deep, so that each has abundant sun shine and air. The City and Suburban Homes Company has many modern tenements In various loca tions In New York city, and they are valued, at more than 18,000,000. This company pays an annual dividend of i per Cent, and has ia largo surplus, Doctor Gould, who Is presi dent of tho company, stated recently that-the company's actual losses on acount of unpaid rentals were less than 18-100 per cent., and the experience of this company proves that good housing not only pays financially, but pays In the health and happiness of the tenants and occupants of the houses. Toronto, Canada, after a campaign of in vestigation n,nd education, secured an en abling act which permits the municipal au thorities to loan funds to the Toronto Hous ing Company, which about two years ago began the erection of a large group of dwell ings of the cottage or two-family type. These apartments rent for 112 and $13 upward for three rooms and hath. The company fur nished hot water and heat to Us tenants. Th cost of these services is included in tha rent'. Tha latest report of the Health, Depart ment of Cincinnati, p., etates that as a result of Its work in 1913, 3000 privy vaults were condemned and filled In, which was an In crease of CO per cent over 1912 and 100, per cent over 1911. An ordinance was eVmctpd giving the Health Department power to va cate any structure or part thereof occupied by human beings If it Is In an unclean or In sanitary condition. This power Is being use4 wtth results that are being reported' aa ex. tremely good, Anotlier Object Lesson , As an experiment and an object lesson, Mr, J. S. Schmldlapp erected 48 houses, each con taining two apartments, and each apartment having a bath and porch. The rentals aver age tit to 111 per month for four rooms and bath, and the venture is so successful that 'fr company Is being planned with, a capital of 11,000.000 to carry out the vroxk on a large teale. We might continue to cite example after example where communities are facing tl?i truth of the housing situation and making earnest efforts to meet the need. The. nwVe ment has become national in its scope. Philadelphia haa as a result of the good, work Of the Philadelphia Housing Commi. Hon a bousing code or law which is consid ered one of the best ever onaeted. But Phila delphia needs more than a law; it needs a liroad-mlndad, public-spirited. Intelligent statesmanship on th; part of those in author ity, who will fee that funds are provided aoi the Division ef Sanitation, established so that the great work aa be pushed, and then Phlladalhla will become a "City of Hon,-, not only for the wealthy, the fairly w-to-do, the man who earns HOW pr year, but tot tfce ay laborer and unsauu mochaoic who am tt! or h per wk , ww 4$, jjjgli.T, - w:gffim
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers