BSsaBSSBIJBIJBBJBIJBIJHBIJHi wafcaasaStEsSa mk-ski 'w- WTV-WltfW.y-SWitM 3 tm&miF3. EVENING LEDGEB PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, Idh EVENING &&& LEDGER PUULIG LKDlVEU COMPANY CTIIUB It. K Ct'ItTIB, rxr!Dr."T. John Orlbfcel. Vice President i Geo Vf Ochs.Becretaryt John C. Martin, Treasurer: Churle II. trtidlngton, Philip 9. Collins, John It. William, Directors. CDtTORIAb BOAKD! CtRcs II. K Crime, Chairman. P. . WltAIJir Executive Editor JOHNO. MA11TIN .Otneral BualniManBr Published dally at PrBiic t.rtxirn TlullJlnc;, Independence. Square, Philadelphia. Lkcois CBNTiub llroAil and Chestnut Streets Atlantic Cm... rrese-t'nfon nulldln New TonK............... .UO-A. Metropolitan Toner CiltOACo... U7 Home Insurance Biitldlw? LONDON 8 Waterloo Place, l'nll Mall, S V. news uurba urn HAMtianriMi Hcheic The raHol nulldlns Waihiioton DfnRAU. The Post llulldin Nit Tonic nwiCAU.... .....The rimei llulldlng BRRtt.v itrpEAO 00 FrloJrlchstra;e London Hchcic 2 Poll Mall Eaot, S. W. Paris Btntuc 82 Hue Louli Io Grand stmscnirao.v terms fly carrier. DttLT Oni.t, six rents, llv mull. potrald outbids of PhlladelphlA, evert where foreign postage. 1$ required. Dailt om.it, one month. twenty-Ho centf ; DAltr O.slt, one year, three dollar. All mall inscrip tions payable In ndtance. DELL, 3000 WALNUT KEYSTONE MAIN 3000 C Address nil communications t Evening ledger, Independent' Hqtiare, rhtlaMpMa. Ar-PUCATIOV ItADB AT TUB I'lllLADZLr-HU rOSTOrrlCH TOR ENTBI AS Srrn.MWIjm MAIL MATTER. PHILADELPHIA, It ESUA1 . SUIEMIIEII 15. 191 1 reject men who havo prostituted the party to their own purposes and are using It as ft cloati to hldo their delinquencies and to con ceal their moral malfeasance. It means a willingness, even n. promise, to place the pub lic weal above the exigencies of party service. Doctor Brumbaugh, by word and action, Is seeking to disassociate himself ns much as possible from Penroselsm, Mr. Penrose commands a machine qulto ns Inimical to the success of the democratic experiment In America as militarism Is to freedom and liberty In Europe. Doth nro autocratic, both destructive of tho "finer per ceptions, both grasping and vengeful. And Penroselsm, In addition, Is corrupt! noto riously so. Bettor no protection and no cus toms houses whatovor than to eecuro them through such an instrumentality, Mr. Penrose In tho minority Is worth noth ing to Pennsylvania In Washington. His election would Inhibit his being ngaln In tho majority. When tho Republicans control the Senate thoy will not bo Republicans of tho Foraker and Penrose typo. PASSED BY THE CENSOR ..( n I I T e $ Why the Evening Ledger Fights Penrose rnHB lamontablo conditions Which render it J. Impossible for a paper believing in Re publican principles to support the Republican nominee for tho Senate must likewise be BUlllcIently grave to make his defeat a public necessity. If tho record of Mr. Penrose absolutely forbids support of him by a respoctablo newspaper, quite obvlouuly a decent regard for tho welfnro of the State and nation requires that newspaper to bring nil of Its influence to bear to can so his defeat. Ho Is either so objectionable that tho Even ing Ledger must fight him, or ho Is not objectionable enough to Justify a refusal to Indorse him. Middle ground for a newspaper In such an exigency Is cowardly, tn fact, tho Evening Ledger la not only confronted with a para mount duty, but with a splendid opportunity for service. The independence of its view point causes It to bo observed by the forces of good government, without respect to party, in all parts of tho Union. Men bo lleve, and have a right to believe, that at last there is in tho East a great metropolitan dally which will speak boldly, without fear of Interests, corporate or popular, and stand irrevocably for good government, no matter undur what party banner. Whatever tho standing of Penroselsm In Pennsylvania, It is hated and detested in every other State of tho Union. Nowhere else is there any attempt to defend it. The failure of the Evening Ledger to wage an energetic campaign against it could bo inter preted In but one way. Tho paper's sin cerity would be questioned. Manufacturers beliovo that Mr. Penrose will bo able to wrlto tho nest tariff bill If Republicanism is rehabilitated. That is an erroneous view. No party would dare enact a bill written by Mr. Penrose. A Republican majority in Washington would find some other chairman for tho Finance Committee of the Senate. The seniority of Mr. Penrose would not count. Pennsylvania manufacturers misinterpret the signs of tho times qulto as sadly as did the Southern slave-holders. The election of Mr. Penross would hamstring the Rcpub J. "Jinan campaign In 1916. With Penroselsm around tho nock of the party, what chance would It have in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Ohio, In any of tho pivotal States which showed so plainly in 1912 that thoy are through and done with the mothods of Pen rose, Foraker and that class of men? It is well understood that tho Democracy would view a Penrose triumph with a light heart, being convinced that It marked a sure freo trade victory In 1916. The Evening Ledger owes a duty to the nation. It must conscientiously work for tho rehabilitation of Republicanism. That can only be brought about by tho defeat of Pen rose. His elimination Is necessary to purify the party, to persuade the nation that It is purified. It is a medicine which the true friends of the Republican party will insist on Its talcing. There la but one position for tho Evening Ledger to take. It must declare, as the con 'dltiona prove, that this is a moral issue. Tho economic principles of Mr. Palmer It cannot indorse, but his political morality It can ap plaud. As between a man of high principle and .. thor man whose political record Indicate.- i'o principle at all. It must stand for the 1'iimer. A tariff Is but one of many thiii,. - on which a Senator votes. On other thi -'- Mr. Palmer la sound. A political revo lut at so great us to give a chance for a new tat iff would bo great enough surely to assure a majority In the Senate without the aid of ono Pennsylvania vw Oliver is (.'ill thero: and the loss of one vote which the defeat of Mr. Penrose would entail, might readily mean the gain of five or ten votes from other States, which otherwise would not send Republican Senators to Washington. So i"r as local Interest Is concerned, in all his ' irs In Washington, for Phllaielphia Mr, I'- urosehas done practically nothing. The Dslavt tiro has been neglected, the customhouse 1h a disgrace and the postofAVe is little bet ter. The freight of the nation has flowed by Philadelphia ana on to New York. It should h-.ve stopped her It will when the Oo . finment, State and rational, does to, rmirh for the port as has ren done for New York. Rut while Mr. Penrose controls affairs there will be no difference. Hla Inureata are all in ono direction. Tho Evening Ledger loyally proves Jta Re publicanism by its support of Mr. Erura baugh. It demonstrates Its allegiance to national Republicanism and good government by calling the voters to provj that P-n-roaeiwn is not Repuhlieantsrn, by ahr.wir.g that bis defeat la a prerequisite to the sue cess of the party in the nation, by support ing Mr, Palmar, not because, but tn spite, of hla tariff views. Advocates of good government can Justly pay. "If the Evening ledger to not for us It is against us"; but not to be against Mr. Penrose Is to be for him. The political machinery that he directs flourishes in dark. Hem. Silence is the support It craves. A newspaper that acquiesces now In the eleo tlon of the Organisation's head cannot with any power right against the Organization Itself In the approaching municipal elections. There can be no neutrality when Its methods aTe before the electorate. Mr Penrose must be defeated, and it is legitimate and right to use the only Instrument that Is available for that purpose. The Evening Ledger is an Independent Re publican newspaper. What does "Inde rteadent" In this connection mean other than a purpose to save the party from itself when occasion demands9 It connotes an intention to support only those party candidates who are worthy. It Implies a determination to Quit Talking: Get Busy THE pcoplo aro for rapid transit. They nro for it In a hurry. Moreover, thoy intend to get iL Thoy are tired of tho con stant bickering over minor sums, as If this wero a poverty-stricken municipality Instead of one of tho most lightly debt-burdened cities of Its class in tho world. They aro disgusted with the attltudo that to get rapid transit thoy must sacrlilce other projects. They havo no sympathy with back-pulling, hesitant statesmen, who aro first, against any appropriation whatever to clear tho way for actual subway construction, and, sec ondly, when threatened by an uprising of business men in protest, reluctantly consent to provide the money; but only by taking It away from some other meritorious and nec essary improvement. Tho public Is positively nauseated by the provincial vision of men who seem utterly incapable of comprehend ing tho Imperial future of 1'hllndelphln. Tho United Ruslness Men's Ascoclatlon to night should reject all compromise. It prob ably will. Certainly tho membership will bo quite unable to appreciate tho argument that tho city Is too poor to relocato sowers and also build nn Art Museum for the hous ing of some of the most valuable art treas ures in the world. Tho Finance Commlttoo of Councils has put Itself In an utterly untenablo position. It can retrieve Its reputation only by n square and fair reversion of policy. That Is what it is expected to do and what the busi ness men of this community should Insist It must do. Democracy If the Kaiser Wins IT IS not merely to gain favor In this coun try through American fondness for tho name "democracy" that Count von Uerns torff and other Germans aro prophesying nn accelerated advancement of the democratic principle, as n result of tho present war. In the Empire of tho Kaieer. Mind you, they are not predicting tho downfall of tho Em pire, llko those who assert that only through such a disaster can democraoy prosper. They see plainly that, whether or not the Imperial banners shall wavo In final victory, tho triumph of democracy is already In prog ress. Such a triumph Is not of necessity brought about by violent revolution, and, moreover, tho thing that a people Is slowest and most reluctant to change, or suffer to be changed, is its form of government. Tho story of triumphant political democ racy is a story of accumulated constitutions and charters, grants nnd bestowals. Usually tho possessor of the power desired by tho peoplo has parted with them grudgingly, sometimes only as tho result of coercion; but often they have been transferred as gifts of gratitude or rewards for service. It will bo exceedingly strange if tho servico of the Ger man peoplo to the Fatherland In this crisis is not rewarded, and Count von Bernstorff. who is In a position to speak with some au thority, says that It will he. That the Issue, in thoir minds, is not autocracy versus de mocracy is abundantly proved by tho atti tude of tho Socialists in tho Reichstag and the country at large, for in Germany tho Socialists aro the representatives of political democracy. The Germans aro fighting for thoir country, not for a new form of goven ment, and when all classes in a nation will ingly bear heavy burdens for the same patri otic cause there is bound to be, In victory as In defeat, a stronger sense of Independence, and finally a larger measure of political equality. German democracy wins, which ever way the winds of war may blow. In England the cause of popular liberty was marvelously advanced, without coercion, during the reign of the greatest absolutist among tho Angevins, Henry II. and, as Dr. Frederick A. Cleveland sa g in hia book on "Organized Democracy," H has frequently fared better under a monarchy than under a democratic form of government. Givo Every Child a Fighting Chanco MORE than H,000 public school children tn Philadelphia over 10 per cent, of this year's enrolment v. Ill have to bo con tent with half- or part-time schooling this year. This condition of affairs has been chronlo for some time and is not only dis graceful but indefensible. It la full of dan ger for the community and for the children themselves, and should bo remedied at onca. The tamo condition, only in an aggravated form, exists all over the United States. Of ir.e 80,000,000 children of icim..l age. only i about 60 per cent, attend kcbool for even half the year. In Philadelphia fully IB.ooo children who graduate each year from the public schools are forced Into the "blind alley" of industrial life and recruit the ranks of the unemployed, dependent and delinquent clafases. The firm basis of a Republic tb the educa tion, tho thorough education of its citizens. This means a eeat in school, at full time, for very child of school age. In Philadelphia particularly, a city of homes, there can be bo aatlsiactory cjccusei for Inadequate echooj facilities. As an Ambassador, it appears A. Rugtcm Bey Is an Incomparable conversationalist. It Is dltfteult to understand how the qr man army ean ba flying from France when It baa been reported that both Ua wings were crushed Th9 "War Horse of Reform" comjea hack to tha city today. The Mayor is reported to be in excellent health and ready to tails up the cudgels In behalf of good, government with renewed vigor. Food Prices in Philadelphia, asjde from the important Item of meat, are lower than tn any other elty of corresponding size In America. Luscious raspberries, which are almost unobtainable in New York, may be had here for 7 cents a box. Cantaloupes are retailing at S cent here and XO cents In Now York, And bo on. EVER!' time Israol Zangwlll's name ap pears In print, Oeorgo C. Tyler, who pro duced "Tho Garden of Allah," lays In a new supply of sackcloth and ashes ond xololms "Mca culpa; men maxima culpa!" And Inci dentally, ho says unholy things about a cer tain e.T-dramntIo critic now a resident of Philadelphia. It alt happened In the daya when Tyler had Just turned tho financial cor ner wllh "The Christian." Tho dranmtlo road had been full of hard sledding, and his nrst big success had Increased his bank ac count to man's slzo. Then, Into tho verdant and unsophisticated llfo of Tylor cropt that nefarious critic. In the latter's behalf It may bo said that ho has reformed now and Is try ing to llvo down his critical past. At nny rnto, tho crltlo had Just read Zang wIIPb "Children of tho Ghetto," then newly published. Full of misplaced enthusiasm lie went to Tylor and urged hltn to havo It dramatized and produced. Tylor "bit," and as subsequent events proved was bitten, for when the piny closed after a while, Tyler's aforc-ruontlonod bank account had been do creased by sonio $20,000. ABOUT tho only thing In which James Gordon Iloniiett, owner and editor of the Now York Herald, not to mention tho Paris edition nnd the New York Evening Telegram, showed hesitation, was In matrimony. It took him 73 years to got married: It never took him T3 feeconds to reach any other decision. In fnct, his precipitancy has been notorious on two continents. This Is best exemplified by n hnppenlng one Thursday morning. Without warning, the Now York olllco received u cnblo dispatch from Paris, signed with the usual "Rennott," ordering tho suspension of the Evening Telegram. Thore was no renson given and as Ronnett's word is law. no one nsked for an explanation. Tho stnff was dismissed nnd then thero camo another dispatch to resume the publication. Sinco then tho Evening Telegram has be como Hennett's best paying property. THE next time some British friend reminds you thnt lynchlngs take plnco only In tho United Statei, nsk him or her If ho or sho has ever heard of nn historic lynching In Edlnbutgh Tho reply will most likely be "no," yet John Porteous was hanged by a mob In 173G, and the entire populace was delighted beyond words. Porteous was cap tain of tho guard and was known for his wanton cruelty. In a street riot ho had forced his men to lire Into tho crowd, sevon being killed and more than L'O Injured, Ho was placed on trial for murder and found guilty. A reprieve was granted and Porteous was placed in the Tolbooth. On September 7 a mob formed, took the keys from tho jailer, het nil tho prisoners frco and dragged Porteous to a tree nnd hanged him, after first torturing him. DURING tho last striko of tho cloak and suit-makers in this city, there came an Influx of gunmen from New York city real "bad men" of tho "eat-'em-allvo" type. Stories of their prowess nnd fire-eating pro pensities wero spread broadcast to scare away 8trlke-bruakors until Detective Isaacs, of tho Central Ofllce, appeared on tho scene. Single-handed ho marched up to the three leaders of tho gunmen. Taking one in his good right hand and another in his equally good left, ho bumped their heads together with precision and force. Then ho took tho precious trio to Broad Street Station, put them aboard a Now York express and told them politely and all that, but sternly never theless, that it would be wise to "beat It" before real trouble ensued Plnco then Philadelphia lias been freo from gunmen, nnd the Philadelphia police force has a reputation among New York gangsters nf being brutal in the extreme Impolite, In fact. A..L ye housewives who make your hus bands get up early these, chill mornings to light the kitchen fire, take noto that tho man who invented the kitchen range as con stituted at present, was ono Benjamin Frank lin, a native of Philadelphia and said to have 1 een intimately connected with certain Inci dents of our Revolution Franklin first In vented a stovo to burn bituminous coal which consumed Its own smoke, having a downward draft. Later, ho devised another design, uhlch had a basket grate and mov able bars at the top nnd bottom supported on a pivot The top would be filled with kindling, then the basket would bo Inverted and the fire would burn at tho baso. Tho Franklin Move is still in uso in many parta of the United States, although thero hnve been hundn Us of improvements and modifications. tts , Wiifllr A BIG oaks frm tiny acornB grow, even to the extent of developing into a reigning house llko the II ips-hji-gs. Away back, hid den In the mits of history, a Count Rudolf von Hnpsburg was riding toward a atream at which stood a nr nk. unablo to croBs. Ho told the Count that he was on his way to shrive a dying man and the Count lent his horse that he might continue on his errand of mercy. The next day tho monk returned the horse. "God forbid." fxclalmed tho Count, "that I should ever ride u horse that has carried the Saviour to a dying man," und ho pre sented the animal to the Church. In the cuiiise of tlmo, tho monk became chaplain to th Prince Elector of Mainz. A now Kmiwror woe to be chosen anil the for mer in'-iiK "-uc-esttd the namu of Rudolf von Hapsburg And to It came about that Ru dolf was chosen Emperor of tho Holy Roman Kmplre. the precursor of poor Franz Josef. TWO bos near Media found a pot of beau tiful green paint nnd a brush. They also dlsoovt-rtd that their father's horse was a dirty whiu So they started to paint It green- When they had finished the tall and ono hind leg. father came upon the scene. "Bo8," he said, "as you appear to have a penchant for art. you may paint the picket fenca around the old homestead green: both sides, mind you, and no play until you are done." That Is why the boys have decided to be come desperadoes or reporters or something similarly dreadful. BRADFORD. CUIUQSITY SHOP Despite all notions to the contrary, history does reiteat itself occasionally, and from the diar of John Evelyn, a contemporary of Sam Ul Pepys, this appears proved. Under date of July 15. 1883. Evelyn wrote: "Tae Public was now in great consternation on tho lato plot and conspiracy; Ilia Majesty very melancholy, and not stirring without double guards; all the avenues and private Uo'jr about Whitehall und the park shut up, few admitted to walk in it- "The Turks were likewise in hostility against the German Kroperor. almost masters of the Upper Hungary, and drawing toward Vienna. On the other side the French King (who it Is believed brought In the Infidels) disturbing hi Qponlih and Dutoh neighbors, having swal lowed Up almoit all Flanders, pursuing his ambition of a fifth universal monarchy! and all tlits blood and disorder In Christendom had evidently Its rise from our deteotlons at home, In a wanton peace, minding nothing but luxury, ambition, and Io proeure money for our vices. To this and our itrollgion nnd atheism, great Ingratitude and oolf-lntereati the apoetney of some, and the suffering the French to grow so great, and the Hollanders so weak. In a word, we were wanton, mad, and surfeiting with pros perity; every moment unsattllng tho old foun dations, and never constant to anything. Tho Lord In mercy avert the sad omon, and that we do not Provoko Him till He bear It no longer I "This summer did wo suffer twenty French men-o'.wnr to pus our channet toward tho sound, to help the Danea against the Swedes, who had abandoned the French Interest, we not having ready sufficient to guard our coasts, or take cognUanae of what thoy did: though the nation never had more or a better navy, yet the sea had never bo Blender a fleet" On July 19, WW, Evelyn' wrote In his diary! "The Marshal de Bchomberg went now as gen eral toward Ireland, to tho relict of London derry. Our fleet lay before Brest The Con federates passing the Rhine, besiege Bonn ond Mayence, to obtain a paBsago Into Franco. A great victory gotten by tho Muscovites, taking and burning Perecop. A now robol against the Turks threatens the destruction of that tyranny. All Europe in arms against France, nnd hardly to be found In history bo universal a face of war," IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR On the Just and the Unjust Knlcker They are looking for a war tax that will fall equally on every ono. Bocker Then tax the rain. New York Sun. Morning Sunt From a ehort poem entitled "Daybreak," by Prof. Goorgo Herbert Clarko: "Bunt Sunt Bunt Bunt . . . . Bunt Sunt Sunt Bunt" Sounds llko a prejudiced nowsboy. A Pulling Story The Texan pulled tho dontlst's bell, The dentist pulled him In, Tho Texan pulled his Jaws apart, And bado the Doo begin. The dentist pulled his forceps from His case to pull tho tooth, And then he pulled the wrong one out; Ho was a careless youth. Tho Texan pulled himself upon His feet and pulled a gun; An ofheer then pulled them both. His name was Sergeant Dunn. Dunn pulled a tip from each and o'er The Judge's eyes pulled wool; Thoy both pulled out without a fine, For Dunn posbessed a pull. New York Telegraph. A Dual Alliance A Michigan paper announces the marrlago of Kathryn Cannon and William Popp. Wo hope that so bang-up a wedding will not be fol lowed by a state of war. Compensation If it Is true, as our buslnoas philosophers tell us, that "those who never do more than they get paid for. never get paid for more thon they do." then it is quite clear that if you want to get paid for more than you do, you must do more than you got paid for. Even a philoso pher ought to aee how Impossible that Is, but, of course, the truo philosopher cannot bo ex pected to hesitate over a mero Impossibility. Life. A Grave Mistake From the first chapter of the Belgian Com mlpslon's romance of German deviltry: "On August 12, after the battlo of Ilaelen. Colonel van Damme, commander of a Belgian regiment, was lying wounded on the batUcfleld. Several German soldiers found him, and placing thslr revolvers against his mouth, blew his head off." For this barbarity, at least, there is tho very beet of evidence. Tho vera cious Commissioners have an aflldavlt from Colonel van Damme himself. Baltimore American. A Question of Ownership Alkali Ike And no Slippery Sam died with his boots on, eh? Broncho Bill No, he died witli my boots on. That's how he came to die. Boston Transcript Taking No Chances "Gllson yonder tells mo he trusts his wife implicitly and absolutely, but" "Well!" "Well, I should notice he carries his change and hla fishhooks loose in the same pocket." Judge The Floppy Farmer The shades of night wero falling fast When up the fence row blithely passed. Through creosote and Paris green, These grim trespassers on the scene: One army worm. One chinch bus. One Hessian fly, One cut norm. Advancing each before Its kind. They gave the wiggle-wag behind, And answering with buzz and whizz, Their trusty troops invaded viz.: One wbentfltld. One Held of oats. One cornfield. One potato patch. The farmer slumbered In hla bed While pleasant fancies roamed his head, And dreamed of getting after bit A. few farm luxuries, to wit; One automobile, One lighting plant. One tractor, One silo. But where the setting sun had shone Of opulence remained a bone, Clean-picked aa frost denudes the trees, And what the farmer had were these: One sale. One trip to a new farming country, One trip back again, One start all over. Wall Street Journal. The Railroads and Washington There is no possible doubt that In many In stances the tux (the proposed tax on freight traffic) collected from the shipper will rvach the ultimate consumer as a double market price of the artloles so taxed; there is no possible doubt that In all instances It will mean final costs very much higher than they are now-New York Press. DONE IN PIIILADELPriM NOW that Baltlmoro has had Ha Star-Bpan-glod Banner celebration, In commemoration of tho 100th anniversary of tho writing of Key's Immortal song, lot us glance a momont at Phila delphia's sharo in popularizing that anthem. Whenevor n song aohloves enormous popu larity thoro usually appears on the untroublod waters a controversy that Is carried over from one generation to another. So it has boon with Key'fl song, which, llko Hopklnson's "Hall Columbia!" did notVlglnally bear tho title by which It Is now known to countless millions. Tho controversy In this Instanoo, however, does not rofloct upon FranclB Scott Key, but ragos around the Identity of the composer of tho music. Like many another controversy of similar character, this ono has been eottlod a good many times to tho satisfaction of some of tho disputants; nevertheless, thero seems to bo a good deal needed to entirely clear tho atmosphero. A Phlladclphlan, too, has engaged In this ontertalntng occupation, but It Is not about him that I want to chat today. It was In tho pages of a Philadelphia maga zine, tho Analectlc, which In Its tlmo was tho foremost monthly In this country, and not sur passed by any In London, that Key's poem first recolved a printed form that might bo callod permanent. At that tlmo, also, it still was unnamed. Key wroto his poem, ns Is very well known, whllo ho was on a British ship that was on gagod In the bombardment of Fort McIIenry In September, 1814. It Is descriptive of his thoughts and feelings, aroused ns thoy wero to a high pitch of patriotism, and when he roturncd to Baltlmoro after tho unsuccessful bombardment ho gave tho manuscript to a friend, who soon had It put In type In ono of tho Baltlmoro newspaper oiTlces. It was entitled "Tho Defenso of Fort Mo Henry," but even this rather weak title for so lusty a song could not destroy Its influence. It was by nil otlds tho best poem produced during tho War of 1S12, and, as usual, Key did not know that he was doing the best thing of Its kind ever ponnod. Genius nearly always falls to recognbo Itself. Somo ono has to place tho wreath of fame on their brow before they understand. The pooin was printed in nearly every news paper of tho tlmo as soon as it camo to the editor's hand. But whon tho editor of tho Analectlc, at that tlmo Washington Irving, Raw tho poem in tho newspapers, ho did tho best ho could to bestow tho wreath. Ho placed it at tho head of tito poetry In tho Novomber number of tho Analontlo, 1814, and introduced it with a description of tho circum stances under which it was written. At tho same tlmo ho wroto that It was far too valu able a piece of verso to permit to bo lost. Thus It camo about that tho first literary recognition of tho Star-Spanglcd Banner came from a Philadelphia magazine. But thero is another chapter to this. Tho first man to sing the Star-Spanglcd Ban ner also was a Philadelphia, and his descend ants havo nrouscd a great deal of controversy because of ono slight remark lie made about tho circumstances of this first public singing of tho Immortal song. To bo exact, there was not one who sang tho song first, but two, tiio brothers, Charles and Ferdinand Durang. Thcso young men, who were tho soni of a performer in tho old Chest nut Street Theatre, nl.so wero connected With the theatrical profession. Charles Durang was a dancing master hero for years nnd wrote a history of the Philadelphia theatres. Both of tho Durangs enlisted In tho Harrlsburg Blues whon thero was a call for volunteers to repel tho British, who wero going strong in tho neighborhood of tho Chesapeake. Thoy wcio In camp near Baltlmoro and Rtntioncd at Fell's Point. They wero In Baltlmoro soon after tho at tack on tho fort and thero wero handed a copy of tho poem. Now, hero Is whefo tho con troversy begins. According to Charles Durang's version of this event, he read over the song nnd said to his brother, "This would make a good national song." And thereupon ho began to search for a piece of music that would fit tho words. Ho said that lie went through his trunk and pulled forth n well-known song, thon very ropular, ontttled, "To Anacrcon In Heaven," and do cided that it was Jubt tho thing. Of coun-o, the words did lit. They fitted to a nlc.ty, because evidently Key had the meter of the drinking song in his head at the time ho wroto. It was not tho first time the sumo music had been used to tho words of an Amer ican patriotic song. Thoro was "Adams nnd Llbeity." written by Rolieit .Treat Pnlne 11 years pievlously, and nt this time widely known. It is probablo that Key know it better than ho did thn original "To Anacrcon In Heaven." which was an English song sung by tlio Anac. reontlc Society, which ho thought was the air to which his song should ho sung. Yet, on tho strength of that tomark about finding a pieco of music to fit, some attempts have been mado to bellttlo Durang's version or how the song was first sung in public It is well to toniembor thnt thoso who woiild ieny Durang the honor ho claims for lil.m,ir nnd brother havo not attempted to Jetignato any other plnco or circumstance under which thu song first received its public presentation. In his valuable treatise on our so-onlM na tional Fangs Mr. Bonneok. of the Library of Congress, gives a list of m0ro than 40 books, article;) nnd other material that refer to the history of that ono song. Mr. Sonneck's boob wns printed five years ngn. nnd I bellee ho would now ho comiRlld to ,.Ve dmj!(, u length of Mb list. As to the real authoishi,, ,t u,e music, the result of tho various controversies thus far has been to even further obscuro the point The Rev. Pr. If. T. Henry, president of the Cathollo High School for Roys, ond Dr. Ort. tan Flood havo been engng..,! in un of the muai uuiiiuraiu contiovtiklvs about thu - of tho nlr of tho Ktw-KpuugU-.i Ua,,,., Uwt VAST VOLCANIC CHAIN LINKED COASTS OF U. S, Geologic Proof Thnt In Prehistoric Times America Seethed With AcuV Craters from tho Atlantic to tU Pacific That tho completion of the Panama Ctn.t should bo signalized by tho bursting forth ef a volcano tho only llvo ono In the Unite Statos-'was as startling aa It waa unexpected, says M. C. Fredorlok, In the Boston Transcript .To those familiar with tho geology 0f , uviuu uuui, jiuwuvcr, wio monuestation 0CJ4. slons no surprise. It Is a strango story geologists tell u. , (1, - II !. ., iL.i ""01 ... .......,., guooi-mai ages ago its monn. tain peaks, more reefs In a great expanse of sea, roso to such a holght that Santa Barfcw. Channel was a vast valley, over which doubt, less roamed tho elephant, camol, lion, abr. toothed tiger and other animals whose feim remains are;' scattered over tho country trA somo Of whtoh aro found on tho Islands. Then tho land again sank beneath the sea and ajad, arose, and marine fossils aro found In atmn. dance along tho shore nnd on tho mounUia tops many miles from soa. Imagine the sun prlso of tho old gold hunters to find th skeloton of a whale at an elevation of a thou sand fecj. and two hundred miles Inland. And ngea ago, aa wo havo seen, tho land alts had Its baptism of flro. nadiatlng from mlddli California In soparato streams, scientists telt us, tho lava flowing north bocame a fioel burying tho smaller Inequalities and enclrollnj tho larger, until It covered tho greater portion of northern California, northwestern Nevada nearly all of Oregon, Washington and Idihe, and reached for Into Montana and British Columbia. Arizona and Now Mexico were elio Involved. Tlio Columbia Rtver cuts throuih lava throe or four thousand feet thick, anala a cut In tho Deschutes River thirty auccesilrt sheets of lava may bo counted. But that was many thousands of years atoi being at Its height In tho Mloceno perlodfl Slnco thon nctlvlty In tho United States hti gradually diminished until it practically ceutll within tho last few centuries, with occasional bolatod manifestations, as at present Even in historic times there has evidently been n marked diminution of such plicnomaatl on our Western coast. Spanish exploren expressed tho bollef that there wero volconotil In tho coast rango of Southern California. Thli may not have bcon so entirely Imaginative u' is generally supposed. In tho desert east o Daggett lava beds and craters have beea rcporica, oi so recent a lormation that some boilovo them to be not more than 200 years oil For some tlmo aftor tho settlement of Santt Barbara thero waa a "volcano" on the sv shoro, either tho gonulno article or burniiuj petroleum. At tho tlmo of the earthquakes of 1913 a now volcano was reported back of Pint Mountain. An old geography of 1S15 calmly remarks thU "California is a wild and almost unknown Und. In tho intorior nro volcanoes and vnt plains of shifting snows, which sometlmei shoot columns to groat height. This would seem near lncredlblo wero It not for the HtW authenticated accounts of travelers." Tho entlro region of Yellowstone Park, Wyoming, waa in romarkablo volcanlo activity at a comparatively lato goologlcal period, and the lingering phenomena still produced consti tutes tho most romarkablo scries of natunl wonders of any equal area of tho globe. Then is also a small geyser region, of a hundred or two boiling geysers, with their accompaniment of sulphur, Raits and alkalis, In the mountain of central California. In time, no doubt, the Pacific coast will become as settled as tho Atlantic side, whlci in enrly goologlcal times, wo aro told, appar ently had outbursts on a grander scale thu nnythlng known In historic times, for oxampH tho enormous floods of lavas which with tufu and sandstones form tho copper-bearing serlei of Lake Superior, which havo a thickness at thousands of feet Tho const of Maine, the region of Boston, thi Connecticut Valley, tho Palisade of the Hud son, through Pennsylvania, and elsewhere, show traces of anclont volcanic action, an! tho samo may bo said of many countries of Europe whero volcanic life Is now extinct Alaska, Mexico nnd South America still shw more or less volcanic activity, but In all the known world there Is but ono Stromboll, In tht Mediterranean, which has been constant!? discharging lava for more than two thoui&al years. has yet been waged, lioih nr rignriM highly ttvaMua JraMut.. -.. lyiHIJ 'f ' ' ' " ' llja as authorities on cenuriii ,.,,.,... . . far as 1 cm glean from their anieWs Ui nUes. tlgn of tlia ftuthorahip of tho tuna i ma m, dehalfthla ground. wu m Thtro is a groat deal of literature yet to he written aaout Key. iiuu, ,tfJm. whkh , on Mm back of bii eaveiop. , l,tA,sv,,w TUK T4U&MAK ilcury Von !)'& in the Qulaak What is Fortune, what is uaist Puttie guld uud phantom umm nieass burted in , Wl Qlory written on a grave. What fcj Friendship? 81- ,w Kith19,,1?'' - SWlfll Wealth that greateu. wWto se -' Pralto that heartens us t llv C'orae. my trUtui aaa Life's true tallsjaa,, u ,ftve7 mms By this charm we haii iuae Poverty and solitude. The Hague, 19IL M THE IDEALIST Duo to tho grace of God most of us rt whole limbed. Do you know what It really means to be aM to walk along with your legs doing their full duty, with full-grown ond unimpaired armi swinging In harmony with your stride, witb eyes peeing every passing thing, with ears hear ing all sounds? You will not know until you are deprived ol ono of thnm. Tliose of us who nro wholo-llmbed have won out In our chances. Those who are not n lost. And the most mntter-of-fact men on rt4 will admit thnt llfo does contain a huije itptt of chanco. A crippled man a bright, cheerful chap-"lt, gave the reason for his extreme and contlnuM iitato of happiness. His reply made sroni' men of his heaters. "Because all of my friends treat me as of themselves. Thoy offer me no regrets. wWA after all. nro useless. They never refer to wf misfortune. They talk freely with tn as"' were as well equipped physically as any "M of thorn." Thero Is tho secret One of ourselves' TW of It when rude Instinct prompts you to itu at a cripple passing you on the street There eMsts among most folk who have tM denrived of a nnitlnl us nf thoir tiodles a WI1 degreo of sensitiveness with respect a 4 cusslon of their particular ailment T-e slU11 est mention of the topic often sends tlie mlw of such a ono Into a season of brooding Under this comes the too frequent extendi of sympathy, the too much offered hand o! help. Note how your unfortunato friend proud to do things which you were not " tu rmild do. Suffering humanity needs all the help van ct give. Rut do not forget that In extending fce' mental attitude must be taken Into tonstd"1, than, as well as a physical deficiency Do not permit your helping efforts to 'mP' sUo the plijtlcal gulf between' you and the o .yon help. THR IDEAI'IST' The Wastes of Peace Ths war lias brought Into a whiter light " oyer the Immense waste that goes on In &' crnment In tin-ma tt Cnntrma wc-uW play a high card by looking this question " In the face now. when world-wide economy " the 4Ulivord-.Mln,iM1,olU4 Jounml OF Pnitra Van Shortbllt-Ah! Now confess1 Would"' I you like to be a man? Miss Swlft-Of course' Wouldn't youT-J,J't
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers