JEWISH CUP CANDLES. Flonrlahla; Kcw York Indutlrr la brrltrd from lh Times of Solomon. r - &D0UL1 flMT On the Kast t-tile Is a quaint Indus trv which is a heritage from tie days of King Solomon. t is the monufae tmr of cup candles, says a New York exchange. They are made of fasten ing a lodg and narrow wiek to the bottom of R glazed earthenware cup or tumbler, and pouring around it melted wax until the fluid reaches nearly to the brim. The wax hardens, the wick is trimmed and the affair 1 ready for the market. In place of u enp, a glass tumbler is often em ployed, and occasionally a silver plated or sterling vessel is used in stead. The wax may be of natural color, tinted a pale pink, and even scented with old-fashioned perfumes. Generally a quotation from the Scrip tures, or the Talmud, printed' on a slip of paper in Yiddish, or Hebrew, is pasted on the outside. These cup candles have many use. In ultra orthodox families one is lighted on Friday afternoon and burned until .Saturday evening. This complies with the ancient law that no fire shall be mnde upon the Sabbath, and at the tame time it gives enough light to see by In the dnrk. They are also used for the sick-room nnd upon feast riavs and holy days. The quotation! are at times quite curious. A favorite one employed at funerals or on the anniversary of funerals Is the line from the i'salms: "In the morning it floorttheth and groweth up; In the evening it is cut down nnd wither rth." A second one is quite epigram atic: "A man lives to die. And a man dies to lire." These cup candles seem to have rnpplanted the oil lamp nt nn early period. They are much cleaner than the latter. The flame is protected from the wind by the walls of the surrounding vessel, nnd if overturned they extinguish themselves without danger or dirt. The heat of the flame is Just, enough to melt a small pool immediately around the wick, so that when the light is upset, the loss is practically nothing. Of the perfumes employed benzoin, myrrh, burgamot, and musk seem to be the favorites. For orthodox Jews with sentimental instincts, there are candles whose wax cornea from the Holy Land, and around the Jewish holidays cap can dles from Jerusalem and Lebanon may he found in the market. There le a certain sacrtdnee about these relics of antiquity. On one occasion an en terprising citizen made a number of ptraffine and offered' them for aale. The imitation waa soon noticed and an Incipient riot waa the result. The dealer escaped without any physical injury, but the eandlea were all de stroyed by the angry devout. HO NEGROES IN THIS TOWN. T7s1 " SOUTHERN HAWK TRAP. METHOD IN KILLING. People At Home and Abroad Who Are Being Talked About 1 Tenneaarr Poultry HUSSI Psssrlssa n !'"" Shoot m 1 1 ii me or Diik sad Dcvlge Thiil is Hmrd on toiniuou- Dispose el n ( nt In thr l.ttaat sum Prtsretnlee, Palatal way. In this part of the country 1 find in use an ingenious and very effective hawk trap, it conslsta of an ordinary steel trap, not too large, mounted on the top of a common fence rail or a long pole, set firmly in the ground. It is best located on some moderately high point in the middle of a wide eld, where there are no trees or other The Illinois Humane society is dis tributing circulars containing instruc tions for the quickest and least pain ful method in killing animals. The Instructions state that for shooting a horse the revolver should lw held within a few inches of the bead, the aim being toward the center of the head mid way bet ween the eyes j f Kinw, harlot I. Oas Kearaekr Vlllane fross Which (ho Blaek Man la Unrcleat laalr Barred. Calvert City, in Marshall county, Kentucky, is one of the few pieces in the world that has effectually solved the raee problem. Not a negro is to be found within a radius of a dozen miles, and the negro la yet to be discovered who has any permanent desire to come here, says the Chicago Inter Ocean. To threaten a negro with Calvert Oity is to bring before his frightened vision pictures of death more horrible than by lynching. The peaceable, law-abiding apirit that prevails in the little Kentucky town is swiftly banished when a negro appears. If be keeps going he is not molested, provided ho, attends strictly to his own affairs and does nothing to provoke the ever-alert hostility of the residents. But he can neither take up his abode there nor remain over all night, and so disastrous hare been all past attempt to break this unwritten, but nona the less stringent law, that no negro would to-day dare to move into Calvert City and announce hia inten tion of remaining. The town iUelf is a small place of a few hundred inhabitants, situated on the IUlonia Central railroad, only a dozen miles from Paducah, the metrop olis of southwest Kentuoky. The intense hatred of the negro date back 20 years or more. Few pro feu to know its origin, but many oleim that it was born in the people, but some of tha older inhabitant declare that it bad it inception year ago when two negroee married white women and set tled there. The aversion of the people became so great that numerous at tempt, resulting in conaidarabl blood shed, were made to expel the mismat d couples, and eventually they wtra driven away. This aroused the bitterest hostility amongthenegroes, and the white people oon grew to so hate the sight of one that every negro was ultimately run out of the vicinity, and one haa never been known to live in these part lnce. In recent years there ha been no "rlou trouble, but it ia estimated that no less than ten or a dozen negroes who had settled in the neighborhood have been shot from ambush or otherwise nyaterioiuly killed. This reprehensible mean of exter ninaUng them, however, waa always aopted a a last resort, and no one was ever punished for relieving the com ulty of their presenoe. Bow It Happened. Hi Stackpole I see that city feller Js took out huntin' yesterday got a lew quail. Joah Gunn Aw, yes! A fool bird wd occasionally fly Into the shot, Pack. tMM Oeaerallr tha Oeae. Utile Elmer-Papa, what is an epl gram? r Prof. Broadhead-iAn epigram, my . la usually a sarcastic way of say- aom.tbJa that ia not aaiioL A GOOD HAWK TRAP, objects upon which a bird may light. No bait is needed. The trap is simply opened on top of the pole, where the bird sets it off and is caught in the act of alighting, a. Of course the trap must be firmly secured to the pole. The device is baaed on the principle that birds of prey habitually light on prominent objects in large open spaces, where they will have a good outlook for game. A trap well placed will, during one season, catch all the hawks within a radius of several miles. Owls anil other large birds are. also frequently found in the trap. The longer and the more substantial the pole, the better it is. Orange Judd Farmer. ABOUT YOUNG TURKEYS. Shoo Id Be Forces Forward as Mack as Possible Immedla(elr After the Hatching. For tha first food give aome finely cut onion-top mixed with hard boiled egga, and crushed wheat or breadcrumbs. Finely chopped onion tope are always relished. The young turkeya are keen on picking out from their diet thoaa articles which they moat prefer. Stale bread and curds are accepted. Dampness, whether from rain, dew or from any other cause, is fatal to very young tur keya. In a few weeks the diet may consist mostly of grain and a varie ty. In addition it is a good plan to tie up a vegetable of some sort juat so blgh that the birds must stand well up to pick at it. This is good food, and the exercise Is beneficial. Where grain is grown the birds as they come on should be given the run of the stubble-Holds, where they will pick up much food for themselves. A point in feeding young turkeys Is to give them food four or Ave times a day nil they will eat but clean away that which is un eaten, as it may ferment nnd injure them. A little millet-seed mny be scattered for them to seek, and they may be turned out with the hen from nine o'clock in the morning until five in the afternoon, but must not be allowed among other lots of tur keys or chicks, in order to avoid lice. The large lice on the heads come from the hen turkey and quickly de atroy the young ones. Dust them with insect-powder, and rub it on their head. Hatch the first eggs un der (chicken) hen. Farm and Fire-aide. HUMAN B WAY OK KILLING. snd ears; in other words, exactly in the middle of the forehead. When a hammer or ax is employed the horse should bo blindfolded. Two vigorous, well-directed blows just be low the forctop will make death cer tain. In shooting a dog the pistol should be held near the head, the aim being a little to one side of the center of the top of the skull. The shot should be fired downward, so that the bullet shall go through the brain into or to ward the neck. After much consultation with veter inary surgeons and experts, the so ciety decides that there is no more merciful way of killing eats than to put, with a long-handled spoon, about half a teaspoonful of pure cyanide of potassium on thu cat's tongue. BIRDS HELP FARMERS. Ttaer Prey nn Mice, Insecta nnd Other Varieties of Vermin W Men Deatror Cropa. The bulletins on birds nnd mam mals published by the biological sur vey of Washington correct widely prevalent errors an to the economic status of species that affect agricul tural interest and demonatrate the Inefficiency and waatefulness of boun ty laws, under which millions of dol lars have been expended by tha va rious states and territories without accomplishing the object for which they were intended. Birds are the farmers' most val uable aids in his lifelong battle with the insects that prey on his erops. How important, therefore, that he should not destroy them that do him the greatest service. In the cose of hawks and owls the division has shown, by the examination of the stomach contents of about 3,000 of these universally hated and perse cuted birds, that only six out of the 73 kinds inhabiting the United States are injurious, and three of these are so rare they need hardly be consld- I ered, leaving only three to be taken Into account as enemies or agricul ture. The others prey npon mice, insects nnd other vermin and rank among the farmer's best friends. Since the establishment In 1R85, the division has examined the stomach contents of nearly 15,000 birds be longing to 200 species and subspe cies, and has published Information An the food habits of HO kinds, main ly hawks, owls, crows, jays, black birds, spnrrows, thrushes, fly catch ers, swallows, wrens, shrikes, wood peckers, horned larks and cedar birds. Ainslee's Magazine. Dampness Causes Many Ilia. Protection from dampness is of the greatest importance. More injury cornea to chicks from dampness than from all else besides. If they can find a dry spot for their feet dur ing the day and a warm, dry placo to stay in at night, they will do fair ly well, even during a long wet period, after they are three or four weeka old. Small chicks suffer very much during wet weather, and should be protected from both wet and dampness. Cold and dampness pro duce colds and bowel trouble, either of which is very disastrous to a brood of chicks. During wet weather it ia not amis to tie a small piece of gum camphor with a small stone in a piece of cloth, and put In their drink ing water. It is one of the best sim ple remedies for colds. Country Gentleman. Teaching; hlrkena to Itooat. The best method to follow for the smaller breeds is to teach them to go upon a roost as soon aa they are old enough. Place a roost in their coop as soon aa they are old enough to leave the hen or brooder, so that they will learn the habit of rooating, aa it keeps their legs in better shape aa to smooth ness and color. Thia will not do so well for larger fowl, as they are so heavy and olumsy that it ia not of ben efit to them, for the reason that it oftan bends their breastbone out oi shape. Tha beat plan for them during tho summer ia in open aheda upon clean aand, protected from all roving animals by wire cloth fronts to the shads. These ahed or runs abould be cleaned up every morning and raked over ao aa to keep them clean and aweet. Country Gentleman. Cood firaaaa tor Pnatnre, The Ohio experiment station gives good advice when it recommends blue grass, redtop, red clover and timothy for permanent pasture. The red clo ver enriches the ground and soon runs out. The timothy furnishea feed while the slowrr blue-grass is get ting started. The redtop furnishes good pasturage between the two growths of blue-grass, which is at Its best only in spring, early summer nnd fall. The timothy will give way when the blue-grass becomes well rooted, nnd the redtop will do so more or less on land that ia not naturally moist; but these three grasses should be used In the formation of a permanent pasture wherever they thrive. I'repnrlnsr Soil for Salsify. The soils for salsify should be rich, but with well-rotted manure worked deep and thoroughly. Upon the. per fect condition of the soil depend the stralghtness and smoothness of the roots, there being a tendency to branch where fresh manure is applied. The planta should be cultivated as parsnips are. They are very hardy, are not affected by frost, and may he left in the ground all winter without harm. But to have the roots ready for use they should be dug in the fall and stored away in soil or sand where the temperature is low. If exposed to the air the roots become shriveled and tasteless, and are without value. King (nrltia In Trouble. Domestic difficulties threaten King Carlos 1. of Portugal, it being stated on seemingly good authority that Queen Ann lie w ill seek a separation from her royal husband because of religion differ- enci'S. King Carlos vis ited London at thr time of the fu neral of Queen Victoria, and, as the story goes, he was visited at thai time by a deputa tion of Protestants to whom he made promises of a eontinuance of the lib eral religious toleration thai has aa far marked his reign In Portugal. Such promises did not meet with the approval of Queen Amnlie, who is a devout Roman Catholic, and it is now said thai she will seek a separation be cause of these religious differences. The promises which the king is said to have made has aroused considerable sect ional st rife, t he religious orders of the kingdom siding with Queen Amelle against King Carlos, and that thej have encouraged the queen to seek a eparatlon. King Carlos and Queen Marie Amelle were married May 22, IHSti, and are the parents of two interesting boys. The eldest. Lull Philippe, duke of 1'raganzn and heir apparent to the throne of Por tugal, was born March 21, 1.SK7, and his brother, Manuel, was born November 18, 1880. Their mother, the queen, is a daughter of Philippe, Due d'Orleans, Comte de Paris. The reigning dynasty of Portugal belongs to the house of Braganza, which dates from the end of the four teenth century, and is the outcome of the revolution against Spain when the thrones of Spain and Portugal were separated, and the people of Portugal proclaimed Dom Joao, the then duke of Braganza, king of Portugal. The present king is the sixteenth In this line. Froajreas la Aarlcnllnre. Progress must be the watchword of all of our farmers and progress con sists in finding out the best meth ods, and adopting them. Let the farm er diligently give attention, and what he haa learned for himself let him teach hia children at heme, and then end them to school, where that edu cation can be continued and enlarged. First Colored Arm? Officer. For a number of years the govern ment has employed colored men as sol diers, the enlist ed strength of the Ninth and Tenth regiments of cav alry and the Twen t y-f o u r t h and Twenty-fifth regi ments of infantry is composed en tirely of colored aoldiers, but the officer are white Cast. Davit, men. Colored men have served an offi cers in colored volunteer regiments, but until recently none of them have ever entered the commissioned ranks of the regular service. 1 Benjamin O. Davis, recently appoint ed a captain in the regular army, and formerly a sergeant in the Ninth cav alry, is the first of his race to enter the regular service as an officer, he having been recently appointed a captain in one of the new regiments of tho army thnt nre now being recruited. ( apt. Davis is a native of Washing ion, D. C. He was educated ia thie schools there, graduating with honors from the high school. There were 21 eandidates for commissions in the army in the class of which he was one, and of this class he passed third, his general average being ill per cent, in all studies. Capt. Davis' first military experience was in connection with a company of high school cadets in Washington, of which he became the captain before his graduation. At the time of the outbreak of the war with Spain he was In Washington and assisted in organ izing one of the first companies of col ored immunes that did excellent serv ice in Cuba. This was company B, eighth United States volunteer in fantry, and of this company he was commissioned first lieutenant. He was mustered out with his aompauy in March, 1H99, and immediately enlisted in the Ninth regular cavalry with the purpose of rising to a commission in the army, if that were possible, und he has accomplished his purpose. The organization of new regiments for the army which requires a, largely increased roster of officers assisted Capt. Davis in securing a captain's com mission. If he had secured his com mission before the increase in strength it would have been as a second lieuten ant only. Hulea a Wee ( ontrr. The grand duchy of Mecklenburg Schwerinhas figured prominently in the history of Eu rope during the past few months. Prince H e n r y married the queen of Holland; a princess of the land is mentioned as a probable fiancee of Grand Duke Michael of PfeaMh Frani IV. RUBsiai Bnd the latest event to attract attention to the little country is the ascension of hia throne of Grand Duke Frederick Kranz, the ruler of Mecklenburg- echwerin, which pecurred recently, with the title of Frederick Franz IV. Frederick Franz IV. has been rec ognized as the ruler of the grand duchy since the death of his father, April 10, 11)7, but the government has been in the hands of Duke Johann Al- brechl during the minority of the youthful sovereign, Grand Duke Frederick wns but 19 years of age when he assumed con trol of his government, being born April B, 1888. He i.s a descendant of the grand ducal house of Mecklen burg, the only reigning family in western Europe of Mavonic origin, and which claims to be the oldest sovereign house in the western world. In their full title the grand dukes style themselves primes of the Wends. The genealogical table of Frederick Kranz begins with Nlklot, who died in 1160, ami comprises L'.'i generations. The present title of the ruling sovereign, that of grand duke, was assumed in 1815. The little country over which he rules, one of the smallest kingdom in Europe, is a state of the German empire, and is situated on the north east coast of Germany. In area it comprises 5,133 square miles nnd has a population of a little more than one-half million people, Its govern ment is of an entirely feudal nature. In many ways it is one of the most interesting of the German states anil is generally conceded to be one of the beat governed of the many littln principalities of Europe. The Mother of Christian Bafleavar. As Dr. F. K. ( lark is the father of the Christian Endeavor society, so is Mrs. Clark the mother of that organization that is doing so much to spread Chris tianity to the re motest parts of the world. Mrs. Clnrk is as great ly interested in the work of the society as is her husband, and, in fact, does quite as much of it as he does. She has accompanied him on all of his mis sionary journeys that have taken him around the world and into practically every country. She has shared his every danger and his every hardship. By his side she has preached the Gos pel of Christianity in India, China, Japan and others of tho benighted countries of the far east. For more than 21 years she has given her best thought and energy to the work of the society, and Is a many times heroine to the members of the organ ization in whose name she labors. Before her marriage, October 3, 187(5, Mrs. Clark was Miss Harriett Ei Abbott, of Avondale, Mass. To gether they have worked for the up building of the society which they founded In February, lfis, at which Dr. Clark was the pastor of the Con gregational church at Portland, Me. Since 1MS7 Dr. and Mrs. Clark hove given their entire time to the work of the Christian Endeavor society, and together have edited the official organ of the organization, t tie Gold en Kule. She was with him during his trip around the world, and fig ures prominently in his book en titled "Our Journey Around the World." Since 1Ks3 they have re sided in Boston. Prut i-i l i ii n for (be Hen. Mr. F. C. It will be gencraPy admitted that he industrious hen has done much for mankind, and deserves to lead a life of pla c i i. i t y and comfort. She is a hard-working, persevering member of society, and we all of us owe her gratitude. To b sure, she has a way of going on a strike occaaionally, in the Airier lime, and refusing to luy, but even such exhibitions of ecoeutl i Ij tdioulit not lessen our affection and mpect. Down in Connecticut they propose to show this affection In a new way. A bill has been pa d by the house of representatives in that itate providing a tine of $100 or a maximum Imprisonment of two yearn for the theft of poultry, and also es tabllshlng a standing reward of i'9 for anyone giving Information that leads to the conviction of a chickeh thief. If this bill becomes a law, ob serves a n interested contemporary, i he deserving hen should be uble to perform her uccustomed duth - in greater peace. It ma) even lead to an increase in the number of fS lor no longer will the hen be haunt ed by the fear of unwelcome it to the chicken-coop upon tlo pari of persons baling no business tin re. II the removal of such a cause for anxiety has a beneficial mental ef fect as, no doubt, it will httVi why should it not help the Indu y ia which she engages? Tho proposes1 Connecticut law will have the appro al of all good friend of the hen, and will be accounted a good nieaa ure. dark. Sir Francis Knollyi. Secrelnry (o n hln. Two members of one family, brother and sister, fill the important positions or private secre taries to the king and queen of Eng- and. The are Sir FrniiHis and Miss Enollys. Sir Francis, w hose title of knighthood was bestowed u p o n him by Queen Vic toria during her jubilee year, has served King Edward as private secre tary for a number of years, first as sec retary to the prince of Wales, and since the death of Queen Victoria us secretary to the king of England. It is a position of greut responsibility, and the occupant has become one of the best known men in Knglish public life. In the "Life of the Prince of Wales." which was published a nhor; time before the death of Queen Vic toria, S r Francis was described as "his royal master's supplemental memory." The fact is that while the prince of Wales has a splendid reputa tion for promptness at his engage ments, and for never forgetting any of them, it was the secretary more than the prince himself to whom the Knglish public were indebted. The official title of Sir Francis is the rather inelegant one of "groom-in-waiting to the king." He is of ti tled, parentage, his father being the late Gen. Bt Hon. Sir W. T. Knollys. K. C. I!., nnd his mother a daughter of Sir J. St. Aubyn, Bt. The wife of the secretary i.s a dauchter of the late Sir H. Tyrwhitt, Bt., and they were married in 1SH7. Miss Knollys has served her royal mistress as her private secretary for a number of years, and is as well known to the Knglish public as is her brother. WRIGHT A. PATTERSON. Juat a Reeommendnllon. New York's board of health has in dorsed "a hygienic dress length." but prudently announces that ne attempt will be made to enforce it. A Bristol, Ya., correspondent of thr. Baltimore Sun relates thia refreshing bit of Virginia simplicity : "llev. A. Harrison Burroughs offi ciated at the marriage this week of an Interesting rural couple from Bland county. The bride was arrayed in a cloth not unlike the gray Kentucky jeans in color and wore rubbers over her tan slippers. The groom was equally rural in his appearance. Fol lowing the ceremony the parson in vited the couple to dinner at his hotel. "Thanks," said the groom, in a droll voice, "we don't keer fur anything; we have sweet enkes a-pleaty to last till we git lack." The young man thee rammed his hand into his overcoat pocket and pulled out a quantity oi ginger snaps, which he divided equally with his bride, and the two ate heart ily. They went back on the first train as a means of keeping down expenses." The following letter, written by a woman in Kansas, has been received by the Philadelphia police department: "Chief Police, will you see the woman whose name is in the Inclosed adver tisement. 1 will settle with heir for 8&00. She has a medicine wfaidh she says will Krmove hair from the face, i sent her one dollar and got a bottle of the medicine, i had some fus on my face, i used the medicine and it burnt my face and now i have got a havy lieard and the doctor say 1 will have whiskers now all my life, if she -will give you $.'i()0 i will take it and say DOthin against the woman." A slender, rosy -cheeked "young man" of startling beauty applied at the United States recruiting otlice at Delenwood, Tenn., stating that he wished to be sent to the Philippines to fight for his country. Dr. J. K. Newman, the physician in charge, in formed the applicant that all recruits were examined. The would-be soldier broke down and said she was a girl. Between her sobs, the girl stated that her name was Kate Newman, the daughter of a fanner, and, having read that women served incognito during the civil war, she wanted t fight. From all parts of the country come reports of the scarcity of farm Jwlt and the great difficulty encountered by farmers in securing a sufficient number of hands to carry on t he spring planting. It would seem as though this farm help famine might be relieved by the extraordinarily heavy immigration to this eouutry, but it is evident that the immigrants now coming from Europe am not, aa a class, fond of rural life. They pre fer to keep to the cities and live rr overcrowded tenement. More'a thr pity. Two tons of flowers are to be usee, in a big bouquet for Mrs. MeKiiiley, said a San Jose (Cal.) correspondent, regarding the expected visit of tha president's party. The bouquet waa to be more than 1U0 feet in circum ference. The flowers were to be con tributed, and special committees made efforts to have afl the different va rieties of blossoms and leaves it plants In the country in tho strue-ture. In Wichita county, Kan., recently a young woman died leaving a lover and a brother, who ure not good friend. The sweetheart ordered a handsome headstone for the girl's grave, and now the brother has gone into court for an injunction to prevent the erec tion of the proposed memorial. A Soft Answer. Wise is he who remembers that a soft answer turueth away wrath ea pecially when the other fellow is the bhrger. Chicago Daily New. "There's a good deal of cant about those with lots of money." "And the worst form of cant with thoso dos having it is that they can't get it." Dress reform for women, according to u Harvard professor, is coming through tennis, cycling and golf, not through any spoken argument.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers