Youthful Mora ' "r.'f of Children Criminal Needs Guarding By MRS. W. J. YOUNG, Galveston. Texas WIIAT shall we do with the youthful criminal? That i3 a problem that requires serious thought. Some of the great est intellects have pondered over that momentous question, and yet all reforms bearing on the subject are still in an .■xperimental stage. To prevent and protect our children from becoming youthful offenders should be our first endeavor. Modern municipal hygiene does not attempt to stop the ravages of lisease by merely treating those afflicted. The purity of the water supply, the sanitary regulations governing dwellings and buildings, the efficiency and completeness of the sewer system, etc., are given the required atten :ion. Time, thought and money are expended judiciously to protect our physical well being. Protection is the watchword in the municipal depart nent safeguarding our health. The moral health of our children needs to be guarded and fortified. I f we can check or reduce the number of wayward youths the problerr s - ill be partially solved. Many parents feed, clothe and send their children to school, but for get to instill into the plastic minds of their offspring the love of truth, honesty and consideration for the rights of others. Character building in the home is essential to good morals. Parents should co-operate with school teachers and religious instructors in the training of children. "The high instincts of reason, of conscience, of love, of religion—how beautiful and grand they are in the young heart!" Undoubtedly heredity plays an important part in the character of a child. I firmly believe that good and worthy examples, the proper envi ronment and a moral and religious training exert a powerful influence in controlling and eradicating hereditary evil tendencies. Give youthful offenders a chance? Why, of course. Teach them the means to earn an honest living, then give them work and put enough in their pay envelopes to enable them to live respectably. Lack of em ployment and insufficient wages produce a harvest of criminals. The wonder is that we have not a larger crop of young lawbreakers. What chance have children of tender years working long hours in mills, mines and factories? Stunted bodies and minds are not productive of strong moral characters. Men waxing rich on the profits derived from child labor not only dwarf the minds and bodies of the poor, unfortujiate children in their employ, but they kill their souls as well. Give youth the best chance by abolishing conditions that produce youthful criminals. Boys and girls who stray from the straight and narrow path should not be herded with older and more hardened criminals. A little mor? classification in jail and a little less out of jail might be beneficial to humanity. Confirmed law breakers are professors of crime, and all professors, whether good or evil, take pleasure in instructing the young. Minor offenders should not be treated like sea soned jailbirds. There are many pitfalls for the un wary, and a step downward often means a toboggab slide to the gutter. You, on the height, throw out the life line; there is always a chance that it may b« grasped. Publicity should not be given to the petty crimes of first offenders. It does not help the youth to retain or regain his self-respect, and self-respect, if not wholly destroyed, leads to reformation. | Much j Cruelty I Uncalled for at Weddings 3y Robert N. Fulton, Indianapolis Even the uncultured might understand hat fair play hardly permits the opposition of half a dozen against the ecessity of one. 1 he majority of human beings, who have succeeded in emerging frorr« arbarism, find no special pleasure, either, in the anger of a man or the •ars of a girl. One is tempted to reverse the judgment of that wise and it.tv handbill, and agree with Xew England's great educator, Dr. Elliott, 'ien he observed that bachelors were a mischievous and disorderly clas* d a detriment to society. A more charitable view, however, might suggest that, in the parting isode of the handcuffs the "beloved friends" bestowed a girl with which ey had become profitably familiar. It is devoutly to be wished that ople may not judge the bride and bridegroom by the company they kept, r they certainly proved their desire to escape it, and to depart unheralded d untormented upon the "deep, dark and troublesome sea of matri* my." City Girls as Wives of Western Farmers Sy IDA HOE, Omaha, Neb. from roaming too far from home. She can help remove the litter < in front of the only door when it becomes too cluttered up, cook he men on the ranch and mend and wash for them. True, there is not much housework to he done, as there are generally rooms in the shack and all the boasted fresh air thev can enjoy in •inter months is that which comes through the craeks in the walls. Take it from one who knows—"Far-off hills look green." This west inch luxury is largely a mvtli and a self-respecting girl should think ighly of her life ie run after a man. There has been general regret on the part of the more enlightened members of the community regarding the unfortunate display attending the departure of a re cently married couple on their wedding journey. Could not a campaign be insti tuted to inform backward intellects unable to distinguish between fun and decency? It might ba well to impress on those "not yet under the yoke" that one of the first duties of a husband is to shield his wife, not alone from insult, but from an noyance and humiliation. Why do not more city girls become thw wives of western farmers? The reason is that a city girl who is willing to work at stenography or bookkeeping or any other honest employment is too self-respecting to pick up with a western man whom she knows nothing about and to cross the coun try to be inspected before marriage, even though the westerner is generally willing to send money for the girl to come out till he gets a look at her. We know he is simply longing for hey, as some kind of girl is necessary to preside, over his shack and keep Hie cows and chick- CHARGES MADE IN GRAFT CASE Commissioner Says Colleague Was Trapped in Asylum Graft. ACCUSED MAN DENIES GUILT Startling Accusations in Cambria County That Detective's Plans for $250,000 Insane Asylum Were Ac cepted—sloo was Passed. Johnstown. —A sensation developed in Cambria County when charges were made public by County Commis sioner A. G. Anderson that H. W. Clay, a Burns detective, who had been pos ing as an architect, and whose plans tor the proposed new £250,000 county insane asylum were before the Com-, mlssioners, had secured the offering of a motion by Commissioner T. Stanton Davis, of Ebensburg, that Clay's plans be adopted by means of promises of money consideration made to Ander son and Davis. Anderson says that Davis and Clay were with him in an automobile when SIOO was passed to Anderson "in hand," this being at once turned over to a third party, in ac cordance with an understanding with Anderson's lawyer. The statement of Commissioner Anderson implies that Commissioner Davis had agreed to favor the Clay plans for a cash consid eration. Anderson asserts that he was aware of Clay's identity, and that he "went along" with the "architect" and Davis in the latter's automobile to consummate a bargain, with no other motive than to expose the attempted graft. Merely Hand Money. The SIOO handed over was merely "hand money," and, according to the allegations, a much larger amount was to be divided. Anderson's state ment alleges that Davis approached him on several -occasions with the suggestion that they could procure money for favoring the Clay plans, and he says that the sum mentioned was one-half of the architect fees. An derson says that the amount was ss.- 000, and it was to be divided between the two Commissioners. Subsequent ly, Anderson alleges. Commissioner Davis urged that action favorable to the Clay plans should be taken and made a motion to that effect. This motion was laid on the table, Commis sioner Osborn calling attention to the fact that a hearing had been promised Architect Sterling, of Pittsburgh, be fore final decision was made. Com missioner Davis admitted that he took Architect Clay and Commissioner An derson in his automobile and that he witnessed the payment of money by Clay to Anderson. Davis denies, how ever, that he ever agreed to accept any recompense for favoring the Clay plans. The Clay plans, Davis avers, were most complete and satisfactory, and his motion for their adoption, he says, was made rather with the view of hastening action by the Commission ers than for any other reason. Woman Slept on Jail Floor. Chester. —After spending two nights In the City Hall without any conveni ences, Mrs. Nellie Gill, 24 years old. of Washington, D. was taken to the County Home at Lima. The wom an was compelled to sleep upon the damp cement ttoor of a cell, and the police were unable to do anything to alleviate her sufferings because of the Inadequate accommodatioon provided by he city for such cases. Mrs. Gill came to this city about a month ago with her Infant child. She was insane and became so violent that it was necessary to place her in a cell at that time. She was taken to the county jail, but a few days later her mother in-law came from Washington and took her back to the capital city. She eluded her guardian and once more found her way to this city, where her mother resides. Her condition be came so bad that she threatened to do bodily harm to her baby and the po lice took her in charge. Judge Denies Courthouse. Allentown.-—By refusing to sanc tion a new courthouse in Allentown, Judge Trexler halted a well-developed plan on the part of the County Commis sioners to erect a building that would have cost $500,000. After two Grand Juries had looked into the matter and reported favorably on the project the Court has allowed an addition, at an estimated cost of $90,000, besides a heating plant which will cost SIO,OOO. Held as Train Wreckers. Wilkesbarre. —Two boys suspected of placing rocks on the track, which nearly wrecked a Lehigh Valley ex press train, have been placed under arrest. The train struck the obstruc tion. but owing to the previous appli cation of the emergency brakes pas sengers were not injured. Suspended Bank to Reopen. Pottstown.—At a meeting of tbs board of directors of the Tricounty Bank, which suspended operations 80)ne weeks ago, E. S. Fretz, president of the Light Manufacturing Company, was elected president, to succeed the late Jonas S. Wagner. Mr. is the heaviest stockholder in the bank. The depositors of the bank are to be pro tected fully and an assessment, equiv alent to 100 per cent., was placed on the stockholders. The State banking authorities are about turning over the affairs of the bank to the directors. SNAPSHOTS AT STATE NEWS All Pennsylvania Gleaned for Items of Interest. REPORTS ABOUT CROPS GOOD Farmers Busy In Every Locality— Churches Raising Funds for Many Worthy Objects—ltems of Busi ness and Pleasure that Interest. Ixjwar Carbon county has a grass hopper plague. A seabass opened by D. T. Foster, Mauch Chunk, was found to contain a small devilfish. Fred. T. Mackereth has been ap pointed Auditor in Peun township, Chester county. Chester County Court has appointed C. J. Miller to be tax collector in High land township. Hog cholera reappeared at Black Creek, and a quarantine has been es tablished. Hon. B. K. Focht, of Lewisburg, will be the orator of the day at the annual picnic to be held at Blain, Perry coun ty. Thrown from his carriage in a run away, Chief Burgess Henry Lintner, Ringtown, was dragged and lacerated all over the body. A mad dog attacked William Sny der, at Shamokin, and chewed one of his ankles and calves, then bit three dogs before he was killed. Charged with running away from a street tight. Policeman William Leiby, of Bloomsburg, will be called upon to defend himself against expulsion. Caught between a car and a gang way. George Roscoe, aged 57, was crushed to death while completing his lay's labor at Morris Ridge Colliery. Catasauqua Town Council has pass ed an ordinance prohibiting the use of bricks in the laying of sidewalks, which must hereafter be concrete. In the upset ot' a hay wagon Mrs. George Cuufer. one of the few women of Carbon county who still do farm work, was severely injured. Two sirens on the roof of the Jer sey Central freight station, at Mauch Chunk, have taken the place of the church gong as a tire alarm. # Stanley Schofield, of West Chester, has been lodged in the county jail, charged with furnishing liquor to a resident of known intemperate haJjits. Mrs. Zima Shedid, of Kulpmount, near Shamokin, widow of one of the victims of the Titanic, will receive a pension out of the fund collected for the benefit of the surviving kin. William Kent, a bachelor, of Spring field township, Delaware county, has just completed a silk quilt which con tains 7,000 small pieces of silk. It took Kent three years to make the quilt. For failing to register births accord ing to the State law, Dr. P. E. Stem, of South Bethlehem, was arraigned before Squire J. 11. McGee and hold in heavy bail for Court. So many grievances are being sent into the district offices of the United Mine Workers by the men since re sumption of operations under the new agreement that the leaders are unable to look into them as fast as received. Attorney E. L. Dively, who has been practicing law in Apollo, Armstrong county, has returned to Altoona and will be associated with his father, At torney A. V. Dively, in the practice of law. Thomas J. Baughman, of Loomis, Cal., who left East Berlin, 32 years ago, and who for the last 22 years has been a resident of California, is visit ing at East Berlin. Mr. Baughman is a fruit grower. S. C. Yocum, of Shamokin, who has been teaching in the schools of Coal township many years, has been elect ed instructor in Latin and Greek in the Sunbury High School, at a salary of SIOO a month. County Commissioner W. F. Gard ner, County Attorney, John D. Faller, Janitor lieorge Brown and C. C. Bas shore, of Carlisle, spent a night fish ing in Sherman's Creek, Perry county. They caught S4 eels and a half-dozen big "snappers." Dr. T. Edward Munce, deputy State veterinarian, and Mrs. Munce, hare sailed for Germany, expecting to re main away for six weeks. Dr. Munce will take a special course of study in connection with his work at the Uni versity of Berlin. In an exciting hay field runaway in which the rake and pumphouse were wrecked, 10-year-old Warren Snovel, of Plumstead township, Berks county, emerged from under the remnants of the rake with one side of his heao" variously gashed. SKILLFUL FEEDING OF SWINE; Most Important Item in Profitable Hoj; Rearing—Should Be Fed All Animal Will Consume. A basic principle In hog raising, which has been proven by long ex periments, Is that every pound of grain In live weight requires more feed to produce it than the preceding pound. This, says Swine Breeders' Journal, means that there Is a gradual increase In the quality of feed con sumed for every consecutive pound of gain in live weight. A certain amount of feed is required to maintain a hog. Any gain which the animal may make requires food in excess of the food of maintenance or that food required to keep the hog without gain or loss in weight So it Is plain that the less the number of days In the fattening period the lees will be the cost of maintenance during that period. The cost of maintenance Is a dead loss and so should be re duced to a minimum. For this reason the hog should be fed all that he will consume during that period. The food should be varied and salt and ashes places before them often to keep their digestive tract in order and prevent digestive troubles. Char coal is very valuable for the hog and should be given to him at least once a week. Mixed grains have been found to be more economical than pure single grain feeds. Skillful feeding is the most Impor tant item in successful hog raising. If properly fed the hog will prove the old saying, "Pretty is as pretty does." This has surely been true of the Amer ican hog, which has "made good." PROTECT STOCK FROM FLIES Mixture Recommended That Will Not Injure Bkln of Animal to Which It la Applied. To protect milch cows and young Stock and horses from the common house fly and the more troublesome wood fly the following mixture may be used without Injury to the skin of the animal to which it is applied. It Is an excellent and economical remedy. It is as follows: One gallon of flsh oil, four ounces of turpentine, one pint of coal oil, one ounce of car bolic acid. Mix thoroughly. Stir the contents before using. Spray a small quantity of this or apply with a paint brush to each animal once a week. A small quantity will answer. The following furmula Is recom mended by Professor Wheeler of the Kansas Agricultural college: Resin, one and one-half pounds; laundry soap, two cakes; flsh oil, one-half pint, and water to mako three gallons. Dis solve the resin in solution of soap and water by boiling together. Add fish oil and the balance of water. Apply with p brush. Matteson's formula Is: Pish oil, three part 3; crude petroleum, one quart, and carbolic acid, one ounce. Mix well. One-half pint will cover twe! e cows; put on with spray pump. T.k~j formulas are all good. Their use will prevent the cows from being annoyed by the flies when at pasture or in the stable. Cows so treated will keep in better flesh, and they will give more milk. Care of Sheep Well Repaid. When farmers give their sheep the sauie dally care and attention they give their dairy herds, sheep keeping w'.ll be a safe and profitable Industry. Instead of leaving their sheep out in unprotected fields to become the vic tims of prowling dogs, they will pro vide dog-proof quarters for them at night and at all times when they are In danger. Sheep keeping is profit able only to the extent that you give it your time and attention. Fat Hogs in Hot Season. Fat hogs are extremely susceptible to sunstroke, as they cannot perspire freely, and have their body tempera ture reduced by the evaporation of perspiration as can the horse. An excellent plan is to frequently swab the hogs' bodies with water to keep them cool. A hog prostrated by the heat should be conveyed to a shady place, where cool water should be poured on the head and neck, but not over the rest of the body. The Lice In Hot Weather. Hens sitting should be dusted with powder every five days during the hatch to hold the lice in check. The eggs and nesting material should be dusted. Place an inverted sod In the bottom of the nest to give needed moisture to the eggs. Little chicks with drooping wings are Invariably lousy, and can be brought back to a healthy condition by dusting them with the powder. Land for Alfalfa. Do not try to grow alfalfa on land with a hard-pan sub-soil, or where the water table Is within six or eight feet of the surface. It needs well-drained land, free from hollows that will per mit of s'-inding water. Breaking Up the Sitters. Sitting hens not wanted for hatch ing should be immediately broken .up by placing them In a slatted coop for three or four days. The bottom of the coop should be constructed of slats as well as the sides and top. Squash Bug*. Squash bugs may be trapped by laying shingles near the plants. The bugs will be found under them early In the morning. Thumps Among Pigs. Pigs got the thumps? Shut off the corn and Ret them on the grass aB "oon as possible. KILLING OFF THE ROOSTERS Only a Few of the Best Produced Cocks Should Be Kept for Ex change With Other Farmers. Minnesota has a surplus from her farms annually of over 1,500,000 cases of eggs, says a state bulletin. Threc-flfths of these are produced be fore September 1 of each year. The Government experts consider that there Is a loss of five per cent, la value because of "chick development," or because roosters run with the lay ing flock. This common practice causes a loss of about $1,000,000 an nually to the farmers of Minnesota. What should be done. A few breeding cocks, the best pro* duced, should be kept for exchange with other farmers or for sale. These should be confined by themselves, like all the other breeding stock of the farm; and all the rest should be killed or sold at once. They should never be allowed to run with the flock. Yot* will get Just as many eggs; they will cost you less; they are more easily preserved; will withstand heat long er; are better for shipping; are better for storage; will save the hens from Injury during the molt; and they will goto laying sooner. Mate up your breeding pens; keep two or three extra birds for emergen cies; then sell or kill all the rest of the roosters on the farm. Help save that $1,000,000, and perchance save yourself from paying a tine of SSO for marketing eggs unfit for human food. Let there be a mighty slaughter of these unproductive, greedy, useless roosters on the farm. VALUE OF THE CABBAGE CROP Early Varieties Practically Consumed as Green Vegetable and Later for Making Sauer Kraut. Although one of the coarser vege tables, cabbage finds a place in the home garden as well as In the market garden and the truck farm, and la some sections of the United States it is extensively grown as a farm crop. No adequate estimate, however, caa be placed on the value of this crop, as it fluctuates very decidedly from year to year both In acreage and price; but the output is large—the three states of New York, Pennsylvania and Virginia, which outrank all the others, grow commercially about 50,000 acres | of this vegetable, either as a spring or autumn crop, In addition to the home j garden supply which was consumed at j home. i Early cabbage Is practically all con sumed as a green vegetable; the late crop on the other hand. Is handled as | a fresh vegetable, as a storage crop, ; and for the manufacture of sauer kraut. Cabbage is always In demand, and under present conditions, la ' always on the market either in tne ! spring as the product of the southern j farms, in the fall and early winter | from thj northern farm and market i garden, or In the winter from the storage house where the surplus haa j been preserved for this demand. Good Wire Fencing. ; There are just three things to keep I In mind when selecting a good wire I fence. The quality of the steel, the size of the wires and the grade, as well as the thickness of the galvan izing. If farmers would look Into these very important features when buying j their material, less complaint would ibe heard about rusty, no-account j fences. No doubt there are Just as good i wire fences made today as ever be ! fore; in fact, better, but care should I be exercised in buying. Hauling Milk In Heat. Any man hauling his milk a long distance to the creamery during hot weather should have a canvas to pro tect the milk cans from the heat of the sun. Those hauling milk in routes can own this canvas together. A good one may be bought for $4 or $5, and will last a great many years. It will pay for Itself In a short time by cut ting down the amount of sour milk that would otherwise be returned | from the creamery. Raising Cucumbers on a Trellis. A novelty In cucumber culture, tried recently with great success, is as fol lows: As soon as the vines are about 18 Inches long, stretch wire mesh 24 Inches wide on poles alongside the row of plants and train the vines on the wire. The cucumbers will grow larger and the plants will require less care than when they are on the ground. Milk Flow of Sow. See to it that each sow Is giving enough milk for her litter. Feed her so that she will produce a maximum milk-flow, and if she then cannot ade quately nourish her litter, remove some of the pigs. It Is robbing an en tire Utter of Its heritage to allow B greater number to suck than can be sufficiently nourished. Cleanliness In the House. Just because It Is a fowlhouse Is no reason why It should be permitted to be a foul place. If you want to raise poultry you certainly should not raise lice and germs In the fllth. Just because the occupants of the house are chickens Is no reason for permitting fllth to accumulate. Clean up the place and keep It clean. Function of Barnyard Manure. Barnyard manure Is very essential In garden making because It furnishes both plant food and humus. It also warms the soil, and makes It easier and cheaper cultivated. It cannot eu» ily be dispensed with.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers