Youthful Mora ' "r.'f
of Children
Criminal Needs Guarding
By MRS. W. J. YOUNG, Galveston. Texas
WIIAT shall we do with the youthful criminal? That i3 a
problem that requires serious thought. Some of the great
est intellects have pondered over that momentous question,
and yet all reforms bearing on the subject are still in an
.■xperimental stage. To prevent and protect our children from becoming
youthful offenders should be our first endeavor.
Modern municipal hygiene does not attempt to stop the ravages of
lisease by merely treating those afflicted. The purity of the water supply,
the sanitary regulations governing dwellings and buildings, the efficiency
and completeness of the sewer system, etc., are given the required atten
:ion. Time, thought and money are expended judiciously to protect our
physical well being. Protection is the watchword in the municipal depart
nent safeguarding our health.
The moral health of our children needs to be guarded and fortified.
I f we can check or reduce the number of wayward youths the problerr
s - ill be partially solved.
Many parents feed, clothe and send their children to school, but for
get to instill into the plastic minds of their offspring the love of truth,
honesty and consideration for the rights of others. Character building in
the home is essential to good morals. Parents should co-operate with
school teachers and religious instructors in the training of children. "The
high instincts of reason, of conscience, of love, of religion—how beautiful
and grand they are in the young heart!"
Undoubtedly heredity plays an important part in the character of a
child. I firmly believe that good and worthy examples, the proper envi
ronment and a moral and religious training exert a powerful influence in
controlling and eradicating hereditary evil tendencies.
Give youthful offenders a chance? Why, of course. Teach them
the means to earn an honest living, then give them work and put enough
in their pay envelopes to enable them to live respectably. Lack of em
ployment and insufficient wages produce a harvest of criminals.
The wonder is that we have not a larger crop of young lawbreakers.
What chance have children of tender years working long hours in mills,
mines and factories? Stunted bodies and minds are not productive of
strong moral characters. Men waxing rich on the profits derived from
child labor not only dwarf the minds and bodies of the poor, unfortujiate
children in their employ, but they kill their souls as well. Give youth the
best chance by abolishing conditions that produce youthful criminals.
Boys and girls who stray from the straight and narrow path should
not be herded with older and more hardened criminals. A little mor?
classification in jail and a little less out of jail might
be beneficial to humanity. Confirmed law breakers
are professors of crime, and all professors, whether
good or evil, take pleasure in instructing the young.
Minor offenders should not be treated like sea
soned jailbirds. There are many pitfalls for the un
wary, and a step downward often means a toboggab
slide to the gutter. You, on the height, throw out the
life line; there is always a chance that it may b«
grasped.
Publicity should not be given to the petty crimes
of first offenders. It does not help the youth to retain
or regain his self-respect, and self-respect, if not
wholly destroyed, leads to reformation.
| Much
j Cruelty
I Uncalled
for at
Weddings
3y Robert N. Fulton, Indianapolis
Even the uncultured might understand
hat fair play hardly permits the opposition of half a dozen against the
ecessity of one.
1 he majority of human beings, who have succeeded in emerging frorr«
arbarism, find no special pleasure, either, in the anger of a man or the
•ars of a girl. One is tempted to reverse the judgment of that wise and
it.tv handbill, and agree with Xew England's great educator, Dr. Elliott,
'ien he observed that bachelors were a mischievous and disorderly clas*
d a detriment to society.
A more charitable view, however, might suggest that, in the parting
isode of the handcuffs the "beloved friends" bestowed a girl with which
ey had become profitably familiar. It is devoutly to be wished that
ople may not judge the bride and bridegroom by the company they kept,
r they certainly proved their desire to escape it, and to depart unheralded
d untormented upon the "deep, dark and troublesome sea of matri*
my."
City
Girls as
Wives of
Western
Farmers
Sy IDA HOE, Omaha, Neb.
from roaming too far from home. She can help remove the litter
< in front of the only door when it becomes too cluttered up, cook
he men on the ranch and mend and wash for them.
True, there is not much housework to he done, as there are generally
rooms in the shack and all the boasted fresh air thev can enjoy in
•inter months is that which comes through the craeks in the walls.
Take it from one who knows—"Far-off hills look green." This west
inch luxury is largely a mvtli and a self-respecting girl should think
ighly of her life ie run after a man.
There has been general regret on the
part of the more enlightened members of
the community regarding the unfortunate
display attending the departure of a re
cently married couple on their wedding
journey. Could not a campaign be insti
tuted to inform backward intellects unable
to distinguish between fun and decency?
It might ba well to impress on those
"not yet under the yoke" that one of the
first duties of a husband is to shield his
wife, not alone from insult, but from an
noyance and humiliation.
Why do not more city girls become thw
wives of western farmers? The reason is
that a city girl who is willing to work at
stenography or bookkeeping or any other
honest employment is too self-respecting to
pick up with a western man whom she
knows nothing about and to cross the coun
try to be inspected before marriage, even
though the westerner is generally willing to
send money for the girl to come out till he
gets a look at her.
We know he is simply longing for hey,
as some kind of girl is necessary to preside,
over his shack and keep Hie cows and chick-
CHARGES MADE
IN GRAFT CASE
Commissioner Says Colleague
Was Trapped in Asylum Graft.
ACCUSED MAN DENIES GUILT
Startling Accusations in Cambria
County That Detective's Plans for
$250,000 Insane Asylum Were Ac
cepted—sloo was Passed.
Johnstown. —A sensation developed
in Cambria County when charges
were made public by County Commis
sioner A. G. Anderson that H. W. Clay,
a Burns detective, who had been pos
ing as an architect, and whose plans
tor the proposed new £250,000 county
insane asylum were before the Com-,
mlssioners, had secured the offering of
a motion by Commissioner T. Stanton
Davis, of Ebensburg, that Clay's plans
be adopted by means of promises of
money consideration made to Ander
son and Davis. Anderson says that
Davis and Clay were with him in an
automobile when SIOO was passed to
Anderson "in hand," this being at once
turned over to a third party, in ac
cordance with an understanding with
Anderson's lawyer. The statement of
Commissioner Anderson implies that
Commissioner Davis had agreed to
favor the Clay plans for a cash consid
eration. Anderson asserts that he was
aware of Clay's identity, and that he
"went along" with the "architect" and
Davis in the latter's automobile to
consummate a bargain, with no other
motive than to expose the attempted
graft.
Merely Hand Money.
The SIOO handed over was merely
"hand money," and, according to the
allegations, a much larger amount
was to be divided. Anderson's state
ment alleges that Davis approached
him on several -occasions with the
suggestion that they could procure
money for favoring the Clay plans,
and he says that the sum mentioned
was one-half of the architect fees. An
derson says that the amount was ss.-
000, and it was to be divided between
the two Commissioners. Subsequent
ly, Anderson alleges. Commissioner
Davis urged that action favorable to
the Clay plans should be taken and
made a motion to that effect. This
motion was laid on the table, Commis
sioner Osborn calling attention to the
fact that a hearing had been promised
Architect Sterling, of Pittsburgh, be
fore final decision was made. Com
missioner Davis admitted that he took
Architect Clay and Commissioner An
derson in his automobile and that he
witnessed the payment of money by
Clay to Anderson. Davis denies, how
ever, that he ever agreed to accept
any recompense for favoring the Clay
plans. The Clay plans, Davis avers,
were most complete and satisfactory,
and his motion for their adoption, he
says, was made rather with the view
of hastening action by the Commission
ers than for any other reason.
Woman Slept on Jail Floor.
Chester. —After spending two nights
In the City Hall without any conveni
ences, Mrs. Nellie Gill, 24 years old.
of Washington, D. was taken to
the County Home at Lima. The wom
an was compelled to sleep upon the
damp cement ttoor of a cell, and the
police were unable to do anything to
alleviate her sufferings because of the
Inadequate accommodatioon provided
by he city for such cases. Mrs. Gill
came to this city about a month ago
with her Infant child. She was insane
and became so violent that it was
necessary to place her in a cell at that
time. She was taken to the county
jail, but a few days later her mother
in-law came from Washington and
took her back to the capital city. She
eluded her guardian and once more
found her way to this city, where her
mother resides. Her condition be
came so bad that she threatened to do
bodily harm to her baby and the po
lice took her in charge.
Judge Denies Courthouse.
Allentown.-—By refusing to sanc
tion a new courthouse in Allentown,
Judge Trexler halted a well-developed
plan on the part of the County Commis
sioners to erect a building that would
have cost $500,000. After two Grand
Juries had looked into the matter and
reported favorably on the project the
Court has allowed an addition, at an
estimated cost of $90,000, besides a
heating plant which will cost SIO,OOO.
Held as Train Wreckers.
Wilkesbarre. —Two boys suspected
of placing rocks on the track, which
nearly wrecked a Lehigh Valley ex
press train, have been placed under
arrest. The train struck the obstruc
tion. but owing to the previous appli
cation of the emergency brakes pas
sengers were not injured.
Suspended Bank to Reopen.
Pottstown.—At a meeting of tbs
board of directors of the Tricounty
Bank, which suspended operations
80)ne weeks ago, E. S. Fretz, president
of the Light Manufacturing Company,
was elected president, to succeed the
late Jonas S. Wagner. Mr. is the
heaviest stockholder in the bank. The
depositors of the bank are to be pro
tected fully and an assessment, equiv
alent to 100 per cent., was placed on
the stockholders. The State banking
authorities are about turning over the
affairs of the bank to the directors.
SNAPSHOTS AT
STATE NEWS
All Pennsylvania Gleaned for
Items of Interest.
REPORTS ABOUT CROPS GOOD
Farmers Busy In Every Locality—
Churches Raising Funds for Many
Worthy Objects—ltems of Busi
ness and Pleasure that Interest.
Ixjwar Carbon county has a grass
hopper plague.
A seabass opened by D. T. Foster,
Mauch Chunk, was found to contain a
small devilfish.
Fred. T. Mackereth has been ap
pointed Auditor in Peun township,
Chester county.
Chester County Court has appointed
C. J. Miller to be tax collector in High
land township.
Hog cholera reappeared at Black
Creek, and a quarantine has been es
tablished.
Hon. B. K. Focht, of Lewisburg, will
be the orator of the day at the annual
picnic to be held at Blain, Perry coun
ty.
Thrown from his carriage in a run
away, Chief Burgess Henry Lintner,
Ringtown, was dragged and lacerated
all over the body.
A mad dog attacked William Sny
der, at Shamokin, and chewed one of
his ankles and calves, then bit three
dogs before he was killed.
Charged with running away from a
street tight. Policeman William Leiby,
of Bloomsburg, will be called upon to
defend himself against expulsion.
Caught between a car and a gang
way. George Roscoe, aged 57, was
crushed to death while completing his
lay's labor at Morris Ridge Colliery.
Catasauqua Town Council has pass
ed an ordinance prohibiting the use of
bricks in the laying of sidewalks,
which must hereafter be concrete.
In the upset ot' a hay wagon Mrs.
George Cuufer. one of the few women
of Carbon county who still do farm
work, was severely injured.
Two sirens on the roof of the Jer
sey Central freight station, at Mauch
Chunk, have taken the place of the
church gong as a tire alarm.
#
Stanley Schofield, of West Chester,
has been lodged in the county jail,
charged with furnishing liquor to a
resident of known intemperate haJjits.
Mrs. Zima Shedid, of Kulpmount,
near Shamokin, widow of one of the
victims of the Titanic, will receive a
pension out of the fund collected for
the benefit of the surviving kin.
William Kent, a bachelor, of Spring
field township, Delaware county, has
just completed a silk quilt which con
tains 7,000 small pieces of silk. It took
Kent three years to make the quilt.
For failing to register births accord
ing to the State law, Dr. P. E. Stem,
of South Bethlehem, was arraigned
before Squire J. 11. McGee and hold
in heavy bail for Court.
So many grievances are being sent
into the district offices of the United
Mine Workers by the men since re
sumption of operations under the new
agreement that the leaders are unable
to look into them as fast as received.
Attorney E. L. Dively, who has been
practicing law in Apollo, Armstrong
county, has returned to Altoona and
will be associated with his father, At
torney A. V. Dively, in the practice of
law.
Thomas J. Baughman, of Loomis,
Cal., who left East Berlin, 32 years
ago, and who for the last 22 years has
been a resident of California, is visit
ing at East Berlin. Mr. Baughman is
a fruit grower.
S. C. Yocum, of Shamokin, who has
been teaching in the schools of Coal
township many years, has been elect
ed instructor in Latin and Greek in
the Sunbury High School, at a salary
of SIOO a month.
County Commissioner W. F. Gard
ner, County Attorney, John D. Faller,
Janitor lieorge Brown and C. C. Bas
shore, of Carlisle, spent a night fish
ing in Sherman's Creek, Perry county.
They caught S4 eels and a half-dozen
big "snappers."
Dr. T. Edward Munce, deputy State
veterinarian, and Mrs. Munce, hare
sailed for Germany, expecting to re
main away for six weeks. Dr. Munce
will take a special course of study in
connection with his work at the Uni
versity of Berlin.
In an exciting hay field runaway in
which the rake and pumphouse were
wrecked, 10-year-old Warren Snovel,
of Plumstead township, Berks county,
emerged from under the remnants of
the rake with one side of his heao"
variously gashed.
SKILLFUL FEEDING OF SWINE;
Most Important Item in Profitable Hoj;
Rearing—Should Be Fed All
Animal Will Consume.
A basic principle In hog raising,
which has been proven by long ex
periments, Is that every pound of
grain In live weight requires more
feed to produce it than the preceding
pound. This, says Swine Breeders'
Journal, means that there Is a gradual
increase In the quality of feed con
sumed for every consecutive pound of
gain in live weight.
A certain amount of feed is required
to maintain a hog. Any gain which
the animal may make requires food in
excess of the food of maintenance or
that food required to keep the hog
without gain or loss in weight So it
Is plain that the less the number of
days In the fattening period the lees
will be the cost of maintenance during
that period. The cost of maintenance
Is a dead loss and so should be re
duced to a minimum. For this reason
the hog should be fed all that he will
consume during that period.
The food should be varied and salt
and ashes places before them often
to keep their digestive tract in order
and prevent digestive troubles. Char
coal is very valuable for the hog and
should be given to him at least once
a week. Mixed grains have been
found to be more economical than
pure single grain feeds.
Skillful feeding is the most Impor
tant item in successful hog raising. If
properly fed the hog will prove the
old saying, "Pretty is as pretty does."
This has surely been true of the Amer
ican hog, which has "made good."
PROTECT STOCK FROM FLIES
Mixture Recommended That Will Not
Injure Bkln of Animal to Which
It la Applied.
To protect milch cows and young
Stock and horses from the common
house fly and the more troublesome
wood fly the following mixture may
be used without Injury to the skin
of the animal to which it is applied.
It Is an excellent and economical
remedy. It is as follows: One gallon
of flsh oil, four ounces of turpentine,
one pint of coal oil, one ounce of car
bolic acid. Mix thoroughly. Stir the
contents before using. Spray a
small quantity of this or apply with a
paint brush to each animal once a
week. A small quantity will answer.
The following furmula Is recom
mended by Professor Wheeler of the
Kansas Agricultural college: Resin,
one and one-half pounds; laundry
soap, two cakes; flsh oil, one-half pint,
and water to mako three gallons. Dis
solve the resin in solution of soap and
water by boiling together. Add fish
oil and the balance of water. Apply
with p brush.
Matteson's formula Is: Pish oil,
three part 3; crude petroleum, one
quart, and carbolic acid, one ounce.
Mix well. One-half pint will cover
twe! e cows; put on with spray pump.
T.k~j formulas are all good. Their
use will prevent the cows from being
annoyed by the flies when at pasture
or in the stable. Cows so treated will
keep in better flesh, and they will give
more milk.
Care of Sheep Well Repaid.
When farmers give their sheep the
sauie dally care and attention they
give their dairy herds, sheep keeping
w'.ll be a safe and profitable Industry.
Instead of leaving their sheep out in
unprotected fields to become the vic
tims of prowling dogs, they will pro
vide dog-proof quarters for them at
night and at all times when they are
In danger. Sheep keeping is profit
able only to the extent that you give
it your time and attention.
Fat Hogs in Hot Season.
Fat hogs are extremely susceptible
to sunstroke, as they cannot perspire
freely, and have their body tempera
ture reduced by the evaporation of
perspiration as can the horse.
An excellent plan is to frequently
swab the hogs' bodies with water to
keep them cool. A hog prostrated by
the heat should be conveyed to a
shady place, where cool water should
be poured on the head and neck, but
not over the rest of the body.
The Lice In Hot Weather.
Hens sitting should be dusted with
powder every five days during the
hatch to hold the lice in check. The
eggs and nesting material should be
dusted. Place an inverted sod In the
bottom of the nest to give needed
moisture to the eggs. Little chicks
with drooping wings are Invariably
lousy, and can be brought back to a
healthy condition by dusting them
with the powder.
Land for Alfalfa.
Do not try to grow alfalfa on land
with a hard-pan sub-soil, or where the
water table Is within six or eight feet
of the surface. It needs well-drained
land, free from hollows that will per
mit of s'-inding water.
Breaking Up the Sitters.
Sitting hens not wanted for hatch
ing should be immediately broken
.up by placing them In a slatted coop
for three or four days. The bottom of
the coop should be constructed of
slats as well as the sides and top.
Squash Bug*.
Squash bugs may be trapped by
laying shingles near the plants. The
bugs will be found under them early
In the morning.
Thumps Among Pigs.
Pigs got the thumps? Shut off the
corn and Ret them on the grass aB
"oon as possible.
KILLING OFF THE ROOSTERS
Only a Few of the Best Produced
Cocks Should Be Kept for Ex
change With Other Farmers.
Minnesota has a surplus from her
farms annually of over 1,500,000
cases of eggs, says a state bulletin.
Threc-flfths of these are produced be
fore September 1 of each year. The
Government experts consider that
there Is a loss of five per cent, la
value because of "chick development,"
or because roosters run with the lay
ing flock. This common practice
causes a loss of about $1,000,000 an
nually to the farmers of Minnesota.
What should be done.
A few breeding cocks, the best pro*
duced, should be kept for exchange
with other farmers or for sale. These
should be confined by themselves, like
all the other breeding stock of the
farm; and all the rest should be killed
or sold at once. They should never
be allowed to run with the flock. Yot*
will get Just as many eggs; they will
cost you less; they are more easily
preserved; will withstand heat long
er; are better for shipping; are better
for storage; will save the hens from
Injury during the molt; and they will
goto laying sooner.
Mate up your breeding pens; keep
two or three extra birds for emergen
cies; then sell or kill all the rest of
the roosters on the farm. Help save
that $1,000,000, and perchance save
yourself from paying a tine of SSO for
marketing eggs unfit for human food.
Let there be a mighty slaughter of
these unproductive, greedy, useless
roosters on the farm.
VALUE OF THE CABBAGE CROP
Early Varieties Practically Consumed
as Green Vegetable and Later for
Making Sauer Kraut.
Although one of the coarser vege
tables, cabbage finds a place in the
home garden as well as In the market
garden and the truck farm, and la
some sections of the United States it
is extensively grown as a farm crop.
No adequate estimate, however, caa
be placed on the value of this crop,
as it fluctuates very decidedly from
year to year both In acreage and price;
but the output is large—the three
states of New York, Pennsylvania and
Virginia, which outrank all the others,
grow commercially about 50,000 acres
| of this vegetable, either as a spring or
autumn crop, In addition to the home
j garden supply which was consumed at
j home.
i Early cabbage Is practically all con
sumed as a green vegetable; the late
crop on the other hand. Is handled as
| a fresh vegetable, as a storage crop,
; and for the manufacture of sauer
kraut. Cabbage is always In demand,
and under present conditions, la
' always on the market either in tne
! spring as the product of the southern
j farms, in the fall and early winter
| from thj northern farm and market
i garden, or In the winter from the
storage house where the surplus haa
j been preserved for this demand.
Good Wire Fencing.
; There are just three things to keep
I In mind when selecting a good wire
I fence. The quality of the steel, the
size of the wires and the grade, as
well as the thickness of the galvan
izing.
If farmers would look Into these
very important features when buying
j their material, less complaint would
ibe heard about rusty, no-account
j fences.
No doubt there are Just as good
i wire fences made today as ever be
! fore; in fact, better, but care should
I be exercised in buying.
Hauling Milk In Heat.
Any man hauling his milk a long
distance to the creamery during hot
weather should have a canvas to pro
tect the milk cans from the heat of
the sun. Those hauling milk in routes
can own this canvas together. A good
one may be bought for $4 or $5, and
will last a great many years. It will
pay for Itself In a short time by cut
ting down the amount of sour milk
that would otherwise be returned
| from the creamery.
Raising Cucumbers on a Trellis.
A novelty In cucumber culture, tried
recently with great success, is as fol
lows: As soon as the vines are about
18 Inches long, stretch wire mesh 24
Inches wide on poles alongside the
row of plants and train the vines on
the wire. The cucumbers will grow
larger and the plants will require less
care than when they are on the
ground.
Milk Flow of Sow.
See to it that each sow Is giving
enough milk for her litter. Feed her
so that she will produce a maximum
milk-flow, and if she then cannot ade
quately nourish her litter, remove
some of the pigs. It Is robbing an en
tire Utter of Its heritage to allow B
greater number to suck than can be
sufficiently nourished.
Cleanliness In the House.
Just because It Is a fowlhouse Is
no reason why It should be permitted
to be a foul place. If you want to
raise poultry you certainly should not
raise lice and germs In the fllth.
Just because the occupants of the
house are chickens Is no reason for
permitting fllth to accumulate. Clean
up the place and keep It clean.
Function of Barnyard Manure.
Barnyard manure Is very essential
In garden making because It furnishes
both plant food and humus. It also
warms the soil, and makes It easier
and cheaper cultivated. It cannot eu»
ily be dispensed with.