VOL. XXXXII. THE MODERN STORE. | Great Muslin Underwear Sale Continues All I Week till Saturday Night, Feb. 11th Our Bargains Conceded to be the BEST It aeems a little egotistical to claim so much for this store but when patrons who have been around and have seen what is going on and then honestly and candidly tell ns "Yon Sell Ever so Much Cheaper we are simply standing up for our rights to pat it in print. We are offering the biggest bargains in tinder- muslins ever spreca De fore a discriminating public and are willing to leave the verdict to tne many shoppers who will be on hand this week. Corset Covers and Children's Drawers, 9c each. Ladies' 25c Corset Covers and Drawers, 19c each- Fine trimmed Cambric Corset Covers, Ladies' Drawers, Children s Gowns, 25c each Ladies' 50c Skirts. Gowns, Corset Covers and Drawers, 39c each- Ladies' 75c Skirts, Gowns, Corset Covers and Drawers, handsomely trimmed, 49c each. , , , Extra values at 69c, 98c, $1.25. Can tbe matched any where. OL7K BIG ASSORTMENT IS UNEQUALLED. EISLEK-MARDORF COfIPANY, SOUTH MAUI STREET | QHf SSSJ&K I"I send in Your Mail Orders. OPPOSITE HOTEL ARLINGTON. BUTLER. PA. ■—33^———M——fcwn*lMi February Prices BICKEL'S An immense Btock of Seasonable Footwear to be closed out in order to reduce our extremely large stock. Ladies' Fine Shoes. Ladies' $1.25 fur trimmed felt slippers # 75 Ladies' $1 50 line Dongola patent tip shoes 1 Ladies' 75c felt slippers Ladies' SI.OO fine Jersey leggins V). Ladies' 00c ten button fine Jersey over gaiters w Children s 75c fine Jersey leggins '*'» Children's 85c fine patent leather shoes Children's 75c fine Dongola shoes, spring heels Infants' 35c fine shoes, many styles to select from One lot Misses' fine shoes L'' One lot Ladies'fine slippers Ladies' Lamb-wool soles 10 Men's Fine Shoes. Men's $l5O fine satin-calf shoes Boy's $1.25 fine satin-calf shoes Little Gents'sl.oo fine satin calf shoes ' « Men's $2.50 fine Patent Leather shoes, latest styles 1 »»«» Men's 90c fine felt slippers Men's $1 50 heavy sole and tap working shoes J w One lot Men's high-cat box-toe shoes 1 All Winter Goods to be closedfout regardless of cost Big Bargains in Felt Boots and Rubber Goods of all Kinds. SOLE LEATHER by the side or cut to any amount you wish to purchase. SHOE-MAKERS SUPPLIES. Repairing Promptly Done. JOHN BICKEL, 128 S. Main St., BUTLER. PA. {Our discount sale still continues) € For the benefit of those who have been unable to attend our sale in the ] past few weeks. „ .. , „ . _ > a Besides onr discounts on Men's, Boys' and Children s Suits and Over- / f coats of 10, 20, 33i per cent and i off, we offer a few specials. \ i One lot of Ulster Overcoats, sizes 16 to 36. 7 \ Coats that sold from SIO.OO to $13.00 Sale price $5.00 ) J " " •• " 5.00 to 9.00 " " 3.00 S C Fancy V<?sts- c / That sold at $3 00, $8.50, $4.00 and $5.00, sale price $2.50 7 "\ " " 2.00, 2.50, 2.75 " " 1-50 V J '• •' " 1.35, 1.50, 1.75 " " 1-00 / \ Smoking Jackets and IJath H°bes. J C all go at J off regular prioe. / J All Men's and Boys' SWEATERS at 25 per cent less than regular price. I C 200 SHIRTS, were 50c. 75c, SI.OO, $1.25 and $1.50, sell at 85c, 3 for SI.OO. / f Lot of 25c and 50c CAPS go at 15c. J L SOCKS -the kind yon pay 10c for any other store, go at 5c a pair. / J Don't fail to avail yonrself of this opportunity. / V WATCH FOR WINDOW DIBPLAY. \ { Douthett & Graham. I J INCORPORATED. C The Butler Business College New Buildings. $2,000.00 worth of BRAND NEW typewriters just added, other NEW equipment in proportion. Positions secured for our worthy graduates. During the past two months we have had calls for seven or eight more young men stenographers than we could supply. Spring term opens Mon< day, April 8, 1905. INVESTIGATE! Catalogue and circulars free to those Interested. MAY ENTER ANY TIME. WATCH THIS SPACE! A. F. REGAL, Principal, Butler, Pa. KECK Jg Merchant Tailor. Jh] Winter Suitings C JUST ARRIVED. KECK Ijg ■ I 11 Fall and Winter Millinery. | i{} 4 31 ; Arrival of a large line of Street Hats, Tailor-made 3; j J and ready-to-wear Hats. All the new ideas and 3? designs in Millinery Novelties. Trimmed and Un- 3; t i trimmed Hats for Ladies, Misses and Children. All 31 i' f the new things in Wings, Pom-pons; Feathers, 3; j • Ostrich Goods, etc, etc. J: || Rockensteln's i I; Millinery Emporium,! 3a *2B Sonth Main Street, Butler, Pa. MM "THE BUTLER CITIZEN. | J Hat Sale j 4 Commences Saturday, Jan. 14th, 4 A and lasts two weeks. We are a 5 not going to take np space tell- i A ing about these hats. Just come \ € in and see them. i # J j $1 50 to $3 | J Soft and Stiff Hats at J \ SIOO I I ASIG CUT I T in odd lots underwear, soft, and < r stiff shirts and neckwear. v jjno. S.Wick, | J BATTER AND FURNISHER, \ 0 P?oples Phone, 615. f J BUTLER, PA. J / International ) v Stock Food. S P 3 feeds for one cent, j ) In 25c, 50c, $ 1.00 and $3.50 . v Packages 1 £ International I ? Poultry Food. / / A 25c package contains 100 \ , feeds for 12 fowls. ( C In 25c, 50c, sl. $3.50 Packages. / S And all other International \ j Stock Food Co's remedies ( C Sold by 7 > Redick &Grohman ? f 109 North Main St., 7 \ Butler, Pa. i Do You Buy Medicines? Certainly You Do. Then you want the best for the least money. That is our motto. Come and see us when in need of anything in the Drug Line and we are sure you will call again. We carry a full line of Drugs, Chemicals, Toilet Articles, etc. Purvis' Pharmacy ■ B. G. PURVIS, PH. G Both Phoneg 218 S Main St. Butler Pa. Vinol The Great Tonic and] Flesh Builder. The best remedy for throat and lung trouble. We have the exclusive agency for this remedy. Ask for a calendar. THE Crystal Pharmacy R. M. LOGAN, Ph. G., BOTH PHONES, 106 N. Main St., Butler, Pa. L. S. McJCNKIN. IKA McJUNKIN" OF.O. A. MITCHELL. h. S McJUNKIN & CO., Insurance & Real Estate 117 E- Jefferson St.. SOTbER, .... PA M. A. BERKIMER, Funeral Director, 245 S. MAIN ST., BUTLER, PA BUTLER, PA., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1905. Drying preparations simply devel op dry catarrh; they dry up the secretions, which adhere to tho membrane and decom pose, cansingafarmcre serious troublethan the ordinary form of catarrh. Avoid all dry ing inhalant*, fumes, smokes and snuffs and use that which cleanses, soothes and heals. Ely's Cream Palm is such a remedy and will cure catarrh or cold in the head easily and pleasantly. A trial size will be mailed for 10 cents. * All druggists sell the 50c. size. Ely Brother* 5G Warren St., N.Y. The Balm cures without pain, does not irritate or cause sneezing. It spreads itself over an irritated and angry surface, reliev ing immediately the painful inflammation. With Ely's Cream Balm you aro armed against Kasal Catarrh and Hay Fever. PROFESSIONAL CARUsT PHYSICIANS, T C. BOYLE, M. D. O • EYE, EAR, NOSE and THROAT, SPECIALIST. 121 East Cunningham Street. Office Hoars 11 to 12 a. m., 3 to 5 and 7 to 9 p. in. BOTH TELEPHONES. DK. JULIA E. FOSTER, OSTEOPATH. Consultation and examination free. Office hours—9 to 12 A. M., 2 to ~ M., daily except Sunday Evening appointment. Office —Stein Block, Rooms 9-10, But ler, Pa. People's Phone 478. CLARA E. MORROW, D. 0., GRADUATE BOSTON COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHY. Women's diseases a specialty. Con sultatian and examination free. Office Hours, 9 to 12 m., 2 to 3 p. m People's Phone 573. 116 S. Main street, Er.tler, Pa GM. ZIMMERMAN • PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON At 327 N. Main St. R* HAZLETT, M. Q., • 106 West Diamond, Dr. Graham's former offce. Special attention give.- to Eye, v -ose and Throat Peoole's Phone 274. O AMU EL M. BIPPTJS, 0 PHYSICIAN ANI> SURGEON 200 West St. DENTISTS. DN. FORD H. HAYES. DENTIST Graduate of Dental Department, University of Pennsylvania Office—2ls S. Main Street, Butler, Pa DR. S A- JOHNSTON, SURUEON DENTIST. Formerly of Bntler, Has located opposite Lowry House, Main St., Butler, Pa. The finest work a specialty. Expert painless extractor of teeth by his new method, no medi cine used or jabbing a needle into the gams; also gas and ether used. Com mnnicatiobs by mail receive prompt at tention. R~ J. WILBERT McKEE, SURGFON DEWTIST. Office over Leighner's Jewelry store, Butler, Pa Peoples Telephone 505. A specialty made 01 gold fillings, gold crown anu bridge work. WJ. HINDMAN, , DENTIST. 12 H South Main street, (ov Metzer's shoe store.) DR. H. A. iacCANDLESS, DENTIST. Office in Butler County National Bank Building, 2nd floor. DR. M. D. KOTTRABA, Successor to Dr. Johnston. DENTIST Office at No 114 3. Jeflerson St., over G. W. Miller's grocerv ATTORNEYS. RP. SCOTT, , A'»TGRNEV-AT-LAW, Office in Bntler County National Bank building. AT. SCOTT, • ATTORNEY AT LAW. Office at No. 8. West Diamond St. But ler, Pa. POV'LTER & BAKHR, V ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Office in Bntler County National Bank bnilding. JOHN W. COULTER, A TTOR NE Y-AT-L A W. f'ffice on Diamond, Butler, Pa. Special attention given to collections and business matte??. T D. McJUNKIN, J • ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. Office in Reiber building, cornei Main and E. Cunningham Sts, Entrance on Main street. JB. BKKDIN, • ATTORNEY AT LAW. Office on Main St. near Court Hous< HH. GOU2HER, • ATTORNEY AT LAW. Office in Wise building. EH. NEGLEY, • ATTORNEY AT LAW. Office in the Negley Building, West Diamond. WC. FINDLEI, • ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, AND PENSION ATTORNEY. Office on South side of Diamond, Butler, Pa. MISCELLANEOUS. p F. L. McQUISTION, V. Civil, ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR" Office near Court House LP. WALKER, • NOTARY PUBLIC, BUTI.ER, Office with Berkmer, next door to P. O BF. HILLIARD, • GENERAL SURVEYING. Mines and Land County Surveyor. R. F D. 49, West Sunbury, Pa. Aftermath. You didn't get all you need ed. We didn't sell all our pretty things. To help us both we are offer ing our fancy goods at half price. Pictures, games, dolls and toys at 1-3 off. China at 20 per cent. off. Call now and get the bar gains, This is our clearance sale and your opportunity at Douglass' 241 S. Main St. The Simple Life Translated From the FrencK by Mary Louise Hendee Copyrisht. 1001. by McClure. Phillips f> Co. —— CHAPTER XIII. THE EDFCATION FOR SIMPLICITY. THE simple life being above all else the product of a direction of mind. It Is natural that edu cation should have much to do with it. In general, but two methods of rearing children are practiced. The first is to bring them up for ourselves, the second to bring them up for them selves. In the first case the child Is looked upon as a complement of the parents; ho is part of their property, occupies a place among their possessions. Some times this place Is the highest, espe cially when the parents value the life of the affections. Again, where ma terial interests rule, the child holds second, third or even the last place. In any case he Is a nobody. While he is young he gravitates round his par ents, not only by obedience, which Is right, but by the subordination of all his originality, all hi 3 being. As he grov,-3 older this subordination be comes a veritable confiscation, extend ing to his ideas, his feelings, every thing. His minority becomes perpet ual. Instead of slowly evolving Into Independence the man advances into slavery. He is what he is permitted to be, what his father's business, re ligious beliefs, political opinions or aesthetic tastes require him to be. He W'H think, speak, act and marry ac cording to the understanding and lim its of the paternal absolutism. This family tyranny may be exercised by people with no strength of character. It is only necessary for them to be eouvlnced that good order requires tho child to be the property of the parents. In default of mental force, they pos sess themselves of him by other means —by sighs, supplications or base se ductions. If they cannot fetter they snare his fcot iu maps. But that he should live in them, through them, for them, Is the only thing admissible. Education of this sort is not the practice of families only, but also of great social organizations whose chief educational function consists In putting a strong hand on every newcomer, iu order to fit him, in the most iron bound fashion, into existing forms. It is the attenuation, pulverization and assimilation of the individual In a so cial body, be it theocratic, communis tic or simply bureaucratic and routi nary. I.ooked at from without, a like system seems me ideal of simplicity in education. - Its processes, in fact, are absolutely simplistic, and if a man were not somebody, if he were only a sample of the race, this would be the perfect education. As all wild peasts, all fish and bisects of the same genus and species have the same mark ings, so we should all be identical, having the same tastes, the same lan guage, the same beliefs, tiie same tend encies. But man Is not simply a specimen of the race, and for that rea son this sort of education Is far from J>elng simple in Its results. Men so vary from one another that number less methods have to be invented to suppress, stupefy and extinguish In dividual thought. And one never ar rives at It then but in part, a fact which Is continually deraiißlnK everything. At each moment, by some fissure, # :JO interior force of Initiative is laaking a violent way to the light, pro ducing explosions, upheavals, all sorts of grave disorders. And where there are no outward manifestations the evil lies dormant; beneath apparent order arc hidden dumb revolt, Haws made by an abnormal existence, apathy, death. The system Is evil which produces such fruit, and, however simple it may appear, iu reality It brings forth all possible complications. The other system is the extreme op posite, that of bringing up children for themselves. The roles are reversed; the parents are there tb«t child. No jtooner is he borii than he becomes the center. White headed grandfather and stalwart father bow before these curls. His lisping is their law. A sign from him suffices. If he cries in the night no fatigue is of account; the whole household must be roused, The new comer Is not long In discovering his omnipotence, and before he can walk he Is drunken with it. As he grows older all this deepens and broadens. Parents, grandparents, servants, teach ers, everybody Is at his command. 110 accepts the homage aud even the im molation of his neighbor; he treats like a rebellious subject any one who does not step out of his path. There is only himself. He Is the unique, the perfect, the Infallible. Too late it Is perceived that all this lias been evolving a mas ter, and what a master! Forgetful of sacrifices, without respect, even pity. He no longer has any regard for those to whom he owes everything, and he goes through life without law or check. This education, too, has Its social counterpart. It flourishes wherever the past does not count, where history be gins with the living, where there Is no tradition, no discipline, no reverence; where those who know tho least make the most noiso; where those who stand for public order are alarmed by every chance comer whose power lies lu his making a great outcry and respecting nothing. It insures the reign of transi tory passion, the triumph of the Infe rior will. I compare these two educa tions—one the exaltation of the envi ronment, the other the tyranny of tho new—and I find them equally baneful. But the most disastrous of all is the combination of the two, which pro duces human beings half automatons, half despots, forever vacillating be tween the spirit of a sheep and the spirit of revolt or domination. Children should be educated neither for themselves nor for their parents, for man Is no more designed to be a personage than a specimen. They should be educated for life. The aim of their education Is to aid them to be come active members of humanity, brotherly forces, free servants of the civil organization. To follow a method Of education inspired by any other principle Is to complicate life, deform It, sow the seeds of all disorders. When we would sum up In a phrase the destiny of the child the word "fu ture" springs to our lips. The child Is the future. This word says all—the Bufferings of the past, the stress of to day, hope. But when the education of the child begins he Is incapable of es timating the reach of this word, for he is held by Impressions of the pres ent. Who, then, shall give him the first enlightenment and put him In the way he should go? The parents, the teachers. Aug witii very little rellec- tlon they perceive that their work does not interest simply themselves and the child, but that they represent and ad minister impersonal powers and Inter ests. The child should continually ap pear to them as a future citizen. With this ruling Idea they will take thought for two things that complement each other for the initial and personal force which is germinating In the child and for the social destination of this force. At no moment of their direction over him can they forget that this.l it tie being confided to their care must become himself and a brother. These two conditions, far from excluding each other, never exist apart. It Is im possible to be brotherly, to love, to give oneself, unless one Is master of him self; and, reciprocally, none can possess himself, comprehend his own individ ual being, until he has first made his way through the outward accidents of his existence down to the profound springs of life where man feels himself one with other men In all that is most intimately his own. To aid a child to become himself and a brother It is necessary to protect him against the violent and destructive action of the forces of disorder. These forces are exterior and Interior. Every child is menaced from without not only by material dangers, but by the meddlesomeness of alien wills, and from within by an exaggerated idea of his own personality and all the fan cies it breeds. There is a great out ward danger which may come from the abuse of power in educators. The right of might finds itself a place In ed ucation with extreme facility. To ed ucate another one must have renounced this right—that is to say, made abne gation of the inferior sentiment of peiv sonal importance, which transforms us into tho enemies of others, even of our own children. Our authority Is benefi cent only when it is inspired by one higher than our own. In this case it Is not only salutary, but also Indis pensable, and becomes in Its turn the best guarantee against the greater per il which threatens the child from with in—that of exaggerating his own Im portance. At the beginning of life the vividness of personal Impressions is so great that to establish an equilibrium they must be submitted to the gentle influence of a calm and superior will. The true quality of the office of edu cator 1s to represent this will to the child in a manner as continuous and as disinterested as possible. Educators, then, stand for all that Is to be re spected in tho world. They give to the child impressions of that which pre cedes it, outruns It, envelops it, but they do not crush it. On the contrary flieir will and all the influence tbey transmit become elements nutritive of its native energy. Such use qf au thority as this cultivates thai fruitful obedience out of which free souls are born. The purely personal authority Of parents, masters and institutions is to the child like the brushwood be neath which the young plant withers and dies. Impersonal authority, the authority of a man whq has rtrst sub mitted himself to the time honored realities before which he wishes the individual fancy of the child to bend, resembles pure and luminous air. True, it has an activity and influences in Its manner, bat It nourlshwi our Indi viduality and glvts it firmness and sta bility. Without this authority there is no education. To watch, to guide, to keep a firm hand—such Is the function of the educator. lie should appear to the child not like a barrier of whims, which, if need be, one may clear, pro vided the leap be proportioned to the height of the obstacle, but like a trans parent wall through which may bo seen unchanging realities, laws, limits and truths against which no action is possible. Thus arises respect, which Is the faculty of conceiving something greater than ourselves—respect, which broadens us and frees us by making us more modest. This Is the law of edu cation for simplicity, It may be sum med up In theso words: To make free and reverential men, who shall be In dividual and fraternal. Let us draw from this principle souio practical applications 1 . From the very fact that tlie child is tbe future he must be linked to the past by piety. We owe it to him to clothe tradition in the forms most prac tical and most fit to create a doep Uu pression; whence the exceptional place that should bo given in education to the ancients, to the cult of remembrance of the past and by extension to the history of the domestic rooftree. Above all do we fulfill a duty toward our chil dren when we give the place of honor to the grandparents. Nothing speaks to a child with so much force or so well develops his modesty as to see his father and mother on all occasions pre serve toward an old grandfather, often infirm, an attitude of respect. It is a perpetual object lesson that is irresist ible. That it may have its full force It is necessary for a tacit understanding to obtain among all the grownup mem bers of the family. To the child's eyes they must all bo in league, held to mu tual respect and understanding, under penalty of compromising their educa tional authority, and in their number must be counted the servants. Serv ants are big people, and the same sen timent of respect is injured in the child's disregard of them as in his dis regard Of hi# father or grandfather. The moment he addresses an impolite or arrogant word to a person older than himself he strays from the i>aih that a child ought never to quit, and if only occasionally the parents neglect to point this out they will soon perceive by his conduct toward themselves that the enemy has found entrance to Uls heart. We mistake if we think that a child is naturally alien to respect, basing this opinion 011 the very numerous examples of Irreverence which lie offers us. Re spect Is for the child a fundamental need. Ills moral being feeds on it. The child aspires confusedly to revere and admire something, but when advan tage is not taken of this aspiration It gets corrupted or lost. By our lack of cohesion and mutual deference we, the grownups, discredit dally in the child's eyes our own cause and that of every thing worthy of respect. We Inoculate In him a bad spirit whose effects then turn against us. This pitiful truth nowhere appears with more force than In the relations between musters and servants as we have made them. Our social errors, our want of simplicity and kindness, all full back upon the heads of our chll dren. There are certainly few people of the middle classes who understand that it is better to part with many thousands of dollars than to lead their children to lose respect for servants, who represent In our households the humble, yet nothing Is truer. Main tain as strictly as you will conventions and distances, that demarcation of so cial frontiers which permits each one to remain In his place and to observe the law of differences—that Is a good thing, I am persuaded—but on condi tion of never forgetting that those who serve us are men and women like our selves. You require of your domestics certain formulas of speech and certain attitudes, outward evidence of the re spect they owe you. Do you also teach your children and use yourselves man ners toward your servants which show them that you respect their dignity as Individuals as you desire them to re spect you? Here we have continually In our homes an excellent ground for experiment In the practice of that mu tual respect which Is one of the essen tial conditions of social sanity. I fear we profit by It too little. We do not fail to exact respect, but we fail to give It. So It is most frequently the ease that we get only hypocrisy and this supplementary result, all unexpected— the cultivation of pride In our children. These two factors combined heap up great difficulties for that future which we ought to be safeguarding. I am right, then. In saying that the day when by your own practices you have brought about the lessening of respect In your children you have suffered a sensible loss. Why should I not say it? It seems to me that the greater part of us labor for this loss. On all sides. In almost every social rank, I notice that a pretty bad spirit is fostered In children, a spir it of reciprocal contempt. Here those who have calloused hands and working clothes are disdained; there It Is all who do not wear blue Jeans. Children educated In this spirit make sad fellow citizens. There Is In all this the want o? that simplicity which makes It pos- I ale for nieu of good intentions, of lowever diverse social standing, to col laborate without any friction arising from the conventional distance that separates them. If the spirit of caste causes the loss of respect, partisanship, of whatever sort, is quite as productive of It. In certain quarters children are brought Up in such fashion that they respect but one country-their own; one sys tem of government—that of their par ents and masters; one religion—that which they have been laught. Does ony one suppose that in this way men pan b<j shaped who shall respect coun try, religion and law? Is this a proper respect—this respect which does not extend beyond what touches and be longs to ourselves? Strange blindness of cliques and coteries, which arro gate to themselves with so much in genuous complacence the title of schools of respect, and which, out side themselves, respect nothing. In reality they teach, "Country, religion, law—we are all these!" Such teaching fosters fanaticism, and if fanaticism Is not the sole antisocial ferment it is sure ly one of the worst and most energetic. If simplicity of heart is an essential condition of respect, simplicity of life is its best school. Whatever be the state of your fortune, avoid everything which could n>nke your children think themselves more or better than others. Though your wealth would permit you to dress them richly, remember the evil you might do in exciting their vanity. Preserve them from the evil of be lieving that to be olegantly dressed suffices for distinction, and, above all, <lo not carelessly increase by their clothes and their habits of life the distance which already separates them from other children. Dresa them sim ply. And If, on the contrary, it should be necessary for you to economize to give your children the pleasure of fine clothes, I would that I might dispose you to reserve your spirit of sacrifice for a better cause. You risk seeing it illy recompensed. You dissipate your money when it would much better avail to save It for serious needs, and you prepare for yourself, later on, a harvest of ingratitude. How danger ous it is to accustom your sons and daughters to a style of living beyond your means and theirs! In the first place, it is very bad for your purse. In the second place, it develops a con temptuous spirit In the very bosom of the family. If you dress your children like little lords and give them to under stand that they are superior to you, is It astonishing If they end by dis daining you? You will have nourished at your table the declassed—a product ■which costs dear and Is worthless. Any fashion of instructing children wlios* most evident result Is to lead them to despise their parents and the customs and activities among which they have grown up Is a calamity. It Is effective for nothing but to produce a legion of malcontents, with hearts totally estranged from their origin, their race, their natural interests—ev erything. In short, that makes the fun damental fabric of a man. Once de tached from the vigorous stock which produced them, the wind of their restless ambition drives them over the earth like dead leaves that will in the end be heaped up to ferment and rot together. Nature does not proceed by leaps and bounds, but by an evolution slow and certain. In preparing a career for our children let us Imitate her. Let us not confound progress and advancement with those violent exercises called somersaults; let us not so bring up our children that they will come to despise work and the aspirations and simple spirit of their fathers; let us not expose them to the temptation of being ashamed of our poverty If they them selves come to fortune. A society is indeed diseased when the sons of peas ants begin to feel disgust for the fields, when the sons of sailors desert the sea, when the daughters of worklngmen, in the hope of being taken for heiresses, prefer to walk the streets alone rather than beside their honest parents. A so ciety is healthy, 011 the contrary, when each of its members applies himself to doing very nearly what his parents have done before him, but doing it better, and, looking to future elevation, is content first to fulfill conscientious ly more modest duties. Education should make Independent men. If you wish to train your chil dren for liberty, bring them up simply and do not for a moment fear that In so doing you are putting obstacles in the way of their happiness. It will be quite the contrary. The more costly toys a child has, the more feasts and curious entertainments, the less is he amused. In this there Is a sure sign. Let us be temperate In our methods of enter taining youth, and especially let us not thoughtlessly create for them artificial needs. Food, dress, nursery, amuse ments—let all these be as natural and simple ns possible. With the Idea of making life pleasant for their children some parents bring them up In habits «f gormandizing and Idleness, accus tom them to sensations not meant for thelr age, multiply their parties and entertainments. Sorry gifts these! In place of u free man you are making a slave. Gorged wltli luxury, he tires of It in time, and yet when for oue rea- *on or another his pleasures fall him he will b€ miserable, and you with him, and. what is worse, perhaps in some capital encounter of life you will be ready—you and he together—to sac rifice manly dignity, truth and duty from sheer sloth. I Let us bring up our children simply— I had almost said rudely. Let us en tice them to exercise that gives them endurance, even to privations. Let them belong to those who are better trained to fatigue and the earth for a bed than to the comforts of the table and couches of luxury. So we shall make men of them. Independent and stanch, who may be counted on, who will not sell themselves for pottage «nd who will have withal the faculty of being happy. A too easy life brings with It a sort it lassitude in vital energy. One be comes blase, disillusioned, an old young man, past being diverted. How many foung people are In this state! Upon them have been deposited, like a sort of mold, the traces of our decrepitude, our skepticism, our vices and the bad habits they have contracted in our company. What reflections upon our selves these youths weary of life force us to make! What announcements are graven on their brows! These shadows say to us by contrast that happiness lies in a life true, ac tive, spontaneous, ungalled by the yoke of the passions, of unnatural needs, of unhealthy stimulus, keeping Intact the physical faculty of enjoying the light of day and the air we breathe and In the heart the capacity to thrill with the love of all that Is generous, simple and fine. The artificial life engenders artificial thought and a speech little sure of It self. Normal habits, deep impressions, the ordinary contact with reality, bring frankness with them. Falsehood Is the vice of a slave, the refuge of the cow ardly and weak. He who Is free and strong Is unflinching in speech. We should encourage In our children the hardihood to speak frankly. What do we ordinarily do? We trample on natural disposition, level It down to the uniformity which for the crowd is synonymous with good form. To think with one's own mind, feel with one's own heart, express one's own person ality—how unconventional, how rustic! Oh, the atrocity of an education which consists in the perpetual muzzling of the only thing that gives any of us his reason for being! Of how many soul murders do we become guilty! Some are struck down with bludgeons, others gently smothered with pillows'. Every thing conspires against independence of character. When we are little, people wish us to be dolls or graven images; when we grow up they approve of us on condition that we are like all the rest of the world—automatons; when you have seen one of them you've seen them all. 80 the lack of originality and initiative is upon us, and platitude and monotony are the distinctions of today. Truth can free us from this bondage. Let our children be taught to be themselves, to ring clear, with out crack or muffle. Make loyalty a need to them, and in their gravest fail ures, If only they acknowledge them, account It for merit that they have not covered their sin. To frankness let ua add Ingenuous ness In our solicitude as educators. Let us have for this comrade of childhood— a trifle uncivilized. It Is true, but so gracious and friendly—all possible re gard. We must not frighten it away. When It has once fled It so rarely comes back! Ingenuousness Is not sim ply the sister of truth, the guardian of the individual qualities of each of us; It Is besides a great Informing and edu cating force. I see among us too many practical people, so called, who go about armed with terrifying spectacles and huge shears to ferret out naive things and clip their wings. They up root Ingenuousness from life, from thought, from education, and pursue it even to the region of dreams. Under pretext of making men of their chil dren they prevent their being children at all; as if before the ripe fruit of au tumn, flowers did not have to be, and perfumes, and songs of birds, and all the fairy springtime. I ask Indulgence for everything naive and simple—not alone for the innocent conceits that flutter round the curly heads of children, but also for the leg end, the folk song, the tales of the world of marvel and mystery. Tho sense of the marvelous Is In the child the first form of that sense of the in finite without which a man is like a bird deprived of wings. Let us not wean the child from It, but let us guard In him the faculty of rising above what is earthy, bo that he may appre ciate later on those pure and moving symbols of vanished ages wherein hu man truth has found forms of expression that our arid logic will never replace. CHAPTER XIV. CONCLUSION. I THINK I have said enough of the spirit and manifestations of the simple life to make It evident that there Is here a whole forgotten world of strength and beauty. He can make conquest of It who has sufficient energy to detach himself from the fa tal rubbish that trammels our days. It will not take him long to perceive that In renouncing some surface satis factions and childish ambitions he In creases his faculty of happiness and his possibilities of right Judgment. These results concern as much the private as the public life. It Is Incon testable that in striving against the fe verish will to shine, In ceasing to make the satisfaction of our desires the end of our activity, In returning to modest tastes, to the true life, we shall labor for the unity of the family. Another spirit will breathe In our homes, creat ing new customs and an atmosphere more favorable to the education of chil dren. Little by little our boys and girls will feel the enticement of Ideals at once higher and more realizable, and transformation of the home will In time exercise Its Influence on public spirit As the solidity of a wall depends upon the grain of the stones nnd the consistence of the cement which binds them together, so also the energy of public life depends upon the Individual value of men and their power of cohe sion. The great desideratum of our time Is the culture of the component parts of society, of the Individual man. Everything In the present social or ganism leads us back to this element. Iu neglecting It we expose ourselves to the loss of the benefits of progress, even to making our most persistent ef forts turn to our own hurt. If in the £ldst of means continually more and ore perfected the workman dlmlnlsh in vulue, of what use are these One tools at his disposal? By their very excellence to make more evident the faults of him who uses them without discernment or without conscience. The wheelwork of the great modern machine Is Infinitely delicate. Care lessness, Incompetence or corruption may produce here disturbances of far greater gravity than would have threatened the more or less rudimen tary organism of the society of the past. There is need, then, of looking to the nuaUty of individual calijjd No. 6. upon to contribute In any measure to tlie workings of this mechanism. This Individual ahould be at once solid and pliable, inspired with the central law of life to be oneself and fraternal. Ev erything within us and without us be comes simplified aud unified under the influence of this law, which is the same for everybody and by which each one should guide his actions, for our essential interests are not opposing; they are identical. In cultivating the spirit of simplicity we should arrive, then, at giving to public life a stronger cohesion. The phenomena of decomposition and destruction that we see there may all be attributed to the same cause—lack of solidity and cohesion. It will never be possible to say how contrary to so cial good are the trifling interests of caste, of coterie, of church, the bitter strife for personal welfare, and, by a fatal consequence, how destructive these things are of individual happi ness. A society in which each member Is preoccupied with his own well being is organized disorder. This is all that we learn from the Irreconcilable con flicts of otir uncompromising egoism. We too much resemble those people who claim the rights of f uuily only to gain advantage from them, not to do honor to the connection. On all rounds of the social ladder we are forever put ting forth claims. We all take the ground that we are creditors; no one recognises the fact that he is a debtor, and our dealings with our fellows con sist in inviting them, in tones some times amiable, sometimes arrogant, to discharge their indebtedness to us. No good thing is attained in this spirit. For, in fact, It Is the spirit of privilege, that eternal enemy of universal law, that obstacle to brotherly understanding, which is ever presenting Itself anew. In a lecture delivered in ISS2 M. Re nan said that a nation is "a spiritual family," and he added, "The essential of a nation Is that all the individuals should have many things In common, and also that all should have forgotten much." It is Important to know what to forget and what to remember, not only in the past, but also in our dally life. Our memories are lumbered with the things that divide us; the things which unite us slip away. Each of us keeps at the most luminous point of his souvenirs a lively sense of his second ary quality, his part of agriculturist, day laborer, man of letters, public offi cer, proletary, bourgeois, or political or religious sectarian, but his essential quality, which Is to be a son of his country and a man, Is relegated to the shade. Scarcely does he keep even a theoretic notion of it So that what oc cupies us and determines our actions Is precisely the thing that separates us from others, and there is hardly place for that spirit of unity which Is as the soul of a people. So, too, do we foster bad feeling In our brothers. Men animated by a spirit of particularism, exclusiveness and pride are continually clashing. They cannot meet without rousing afresh the Bentlment of division and rivalry. And so there slowly heaps up In their remembrance a stock of reciprocal 111 will, of mistrust, of ran cor. All this Is bad feeling with Its consequences. It must be rooted out of our midst. Remember, forget! This we should say to ourselves every morning, in all our relations and affairs. Remember the essential, forg'»* the accessory! How much better should we discharge our duties as citizens if high and low were nourished from this spirit! now easy to cultivate pleasant remem brances In the mind of one's neighbor by sowing it with kind deeds and re fraining from procedures of which In spite of himself he is forced to say, with hatred In his heart, "Never In the world will I forget!" The spirit of simplicity Is a great magician. It softens asperities, bridges chasms, draws together hands and hearts. The forms which it takes in the world are Infinite In number, but never does It seem to us more admira ble than when it shows itself across the fatal barrier of position, Interest or prejudice, overcoming the greatest obstacles, permitting those whom ev erything seems to separate to under stand one another, esteem one another, love one another. This Is the true so cial cement that goes into the buildlDg of a people. THE END. REMEMBER IN A SICKROOM That medicine bottles should be kept out of sight. That garrulous friends should be treated in the same wise fashion. That a rubber ice bag Is as useful as a hot water bag. That everything about the room should be scrupulously clean. That It Is sometimes safer to humor »lck people than to argue with them. That rapid recovery from Illness of ten depends more upon nourishing food than upon medicine. That sweet smelling flowers should never be permitted In a room where there Is a very sick person. That both light and ventilation can be regulated by placing a tall screen between the bed and window. An Old, Old Story. How ancient is the servant problem? A correspondent of the New York Post, referring to a letter from the Duchess of Ormonde, written in IGOS, quotes from an epistle dated North Yarmouth, Me., March 28, 1785, as follows: "I have been without any but Betsy about a fortnight and am determined to continue so rather than endeavor to hire one of this country. The pride of independence is so prevalent here that the people had rather slave at home than live In my kitchen In plenty. Were I to take them to my table they would have no objection to oblige me. The want of good domestics is general; therefore I have less reason to com plain, but I wish a method could be found to render us less dependent upon them." Why He Walts. "I went to the trial of that brain testing mnchlne," he said. "Yes?" she returned wearily. "I let them try It on me," he contin ued, feeling sure he would arouse her Interest in due time. "YesV* she responded with the same evident weariness. "It didn't work," ho persisted. "Of course not," she said, with some emphasis. It took him some time to figure it all out, but when he did he decided to postpone his proposal for at least an other week. —New York l'ress. The Tlbrtnn lllble. The Tibetan Bible consists of 108 volumes of 1,000 pages each, contain ing 1,083 separate books. Each of the volumes weighs ten pounds. In addi tion to this there are 225 volumes of commentaries, which nre necessary for the understanding of the Scriptures. The type from which the Bible (or Kah-gyur) is printed requires rows of houses like a city for storage.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers