. - t." - - es 14 =V - • : .0114 I 0 p N 41641040 gaM il t hr duet to AillitAiWWYolle* Whi . 4 . bestowed up 'Oa 'Mr free! Venial - 411 blessings throagliodt the past:year. The geperal health tai the tedatrt -has bbarr excelled!! oar her 'wesisingte IMPS anufnally plentiful, and pros =ti:iii4isslllie tWe oat the land. Indeed. ding oar demerits, we Lave much idakerta believe 'ten the past events of out I Itlitaty, t&kt we have enjoyed the special pro isittip•Offilivide Providence ever since ova N.ri lea MI is . fiptiett. We bare been expand. to lbw ofili tis min g and alarming dillieelt,tes In 0W,..., • • ; hat on mien successive ircasion 1 . :I bili. r''''' ~ cloud has been dissipated at the I 4 ... , ' ,appeared ready to haralgtion our 1 i • w baud t • Miner to our isstitutions has • +ay. Ilsv we aver be sada the divine '. .„ - sat prOtection I '• . It is the y orthe Rrosident " from I ' Se time to et! lip Costar:es information of state - Jt the rsrent,7 ;shall not refer in de taq to the rittent log it 4 'bloody occurrences at Ilmrsolell 'Fleir7. ldtfil, It is proper to observe that these 'eleents, however bad and cruel in Wilke;sieriye their chief importance from rehealdoit that ttiv are but symptom.' , _Filtrable disease in the public mind, , %ISO* Say break out in still more dangerous WINOS sad terminate at last in EP open war Wthe Nprth to abolish slavery in the South. Ifilidlit, for myself. I entertain no such appre- a, they ought to l• ea Si solemn warning a 11-0, - al to beware of the approach of danger Union is a stake of such inestimable value '7 'Ms to demand our constant and watchful N igi- 1 :laic, for its preservation In this view. let rue ,iMplore my countrymen,. Yorth and §coth, to eoltivate tbesacient feelings of ru alai firbear lisme actl good-will towards each other, and "strive to allay the demon spirit of sectional _lsatred and Wife *cow alive is the land. This yk* premeds from the lieart of an old public Intctlenary whinge service commenced in the last gesenitidn. amok the wise and conseri a- ' itfve statesthea id that day, now nearly all pass- est away, Slid whose first and dearest earthly Wish Is to leit.e his country tranquil, prosper ous. usiOd and powerful. " 3f , ought to reflect that in this age. and e- aly in this country, there is an incessant Ibis and reflux of public opinion. Questions which in their day assumed a most threatening 'aspect, have now nearly gone from the memory Omen. They arc .' i , olcanoe.s burnt out, and t ie tide lava and ashes and squalid *come of old eruptionsgrew the peaceful olive, the cheering 'vise, and the sustaining corn. ' Such, in toy plan/on, will prove td be the fate of the pre,esa sectional excitement, should those who wisely seek to apply e ta remedy, continue always to value ibe,Li• e tts within the pale of the G0D .44.0011. .If ti,,iiii.course be pursued, the exist -1.4 agitatina g,n:.pie subject of domestic slat erY Pt* everythin human, will base its day ar. r d give place Lo o er and less threatening con4d ti iforsioa. Pc,hL opinion in this country is all esweil'u,l,"a'fid when It reaches a dangerous et : Cleat itian tidy question, the good sense of the people**lll [tarnish the corrective and bring it Lack within safe limits. Still, to basti.r. this Illtspicious result, at the present crisis, we ~.4gLI to rensetsber that every rational creature must ,Le prevented to intend the natural consequences Wadi Veen teachings. Those who announce llebEtract doctrines subversive of the Coaktitu tinn and the Union, must not be surprised ithoeld their heated partisans advance one step farther, and attempt by siolence to carry these doctrines into practical effect. In this view of the subject it ought never to be forgotten that however great may hare been 'the political advantages rest:dung from the pnkin to every portion of our common country, these would all prove to be as nothing should the time ever arrise wiled they cannot he enjoy ed without serious danger to the personal safe ly of the people of fif.ccn members of the con federazy. If the R eace of the domestic fireside throughout these States should ever be invaded —if the mothers of families IT/ 11.11 l this exten sive region should not be able to retire to rest pt night without suffering dreadful apprehen sions of what may be their own fate and that of 'ear children before the morning. it would be hair to recount to such a people the political benefits which result to them from the Union. tielf-preservation is the first instinct of nature -and therefore any state of society in which the sword is all the time s'ispended over the heads fps people, mast at last bec.,..lit,e intolerable. 'ti iciiinke In no such gloomy forebodings 'the 'contrary. I firmly believe.that the events ' .4 TlMper's Ferry, by causing the people to Firand reflect upon the possible peril to cherished institutions, will be the mean,. attar Providence,of Allaying tli e existing ex, i te bleat anti preventing future outbreaks ofa simi lar chaiacter. They will resolNe that the Con atitsstiott and the Union shall not be endangered by,-Steh counsels, knowing that should .• the silmorsord be loosed or the golden howl be proken . * • at the fountain," human power easald never reunite the scattered and hostile airagaaesiti: 1. cordially congratulate TOII upon the final Settlement by the Supreme Court of the United §Mtee of the question of slavery in the Terri es, which had presented an aspect so truly Yuiliplable 'it thicommencement of my admin estikties. The right has been estab:ished of weep eitizen to take his property of any kind, including slaves, into the common Territories rseyging equally to all the States of the con ' , and to have-it protected there under ',lfestanal Constitution. Neither Congress territorial legislature nor any human Wirer hap apse antbority to annul or impair this 'mad Hot. The supreme judicial tribal:Lai of We cesentsl, which is a co-ordinate branch of :the Glosernmest, has sanctioned and affirmed these riseiples of constitetiqsal law, so maul :lastly list in thennselyes, and so well calculated PS promote peace and harmony among the /*atm • It Is a striking proof of the sense of justice pgskits inherent in our people, that the prop in slaveshas never been disturbed to toy edge,' in any of the Territories. Even ronghout She late troubles in Kansas there lees sot bier any attempt, as I am credibly in kitwoi, to interfere, in a single instance, with %garb( of the master. Had any such attempt heentlaade, thejudiciary would doubtless have treirdlest an adequate remedy. Should they • to do this hereafter, it will then be time 'Dough to strengthen their hands by further legialittioe. Had it been decided that either o geese or the Territorial legislature possess - werto annul or impair the right to prop yes, the evil would be-intolerable. In lint la - event, there - would be_a struale for a me)oritrof the members of the legislature at 'sank eneceseive election, and the sacred rights of property held under the Federal Constitution Wselikalspeld for the time being on the result. %a tigiiatioireould thus be rendered inoessant laritirst the territorial coalition remained, and itebsieltd • ittuenee wo keep alive a dan wpm excitement among the people of the ser -arallltates. ' Zoo jiisi the ataips of &Territory, during the ialialliighilltrirlß4froja its fitiit seft}eMent un ailliallbon Pima* II: Siete, been irrevocably 114-by . tb. tt* *,,isipa of the Supreme 41=Irprearo hiss this been for the-pros -4 lb, Tiprriteries, as well as the Iran- Igitil State". Now, emigrants from the !Seetlit,ditd the Bomb, the East and the West, ‘/Ilianst in eta Tenitatriaa, qn a common plat two bowie' breapbt wad tiiiia teat species of :tr.. % bout adapted, is tietif ewe opiiion, to their wsifize. '?repo 'eatnral ilt+44 triestioa will in ia4 rise soon vie- TAsulipty • into the t, will mitile Pm': . re med or "shove bees qe4lo. the 0.4= _ betwess Wee and fink hundred. These aspired MOW salierfel en terprise haws been rigort but not with u mach success ralltiell have deserved. A numbeirpf gss i ar• urger prosec union. Our bLitury pros-ea that the Fathers of lb* Bnpablic, in advance of all other nations. con demned the African slim trade. It visis...not 'Wichita tiding, deemed tripedient by. the framers sate Constitution to deprive conbress ortbe power to prohibit "tbe migration or intporta two of such persona as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit" prior to the year ea* tboosined eight bazarici and eight." It will he seen that this restriction on the power of Congress was eonfioed to such States Only as roight.alak proper to admit the impor tation ot *laves. It did not fateful to tbsi ather States or to the tr..de carried on abroad. cordiogly, we find that so early as the 22d March, Itf4, Catena paned all act ippolang severe penalties and punishments upon citi tens •od residents of the Cnited States who should engage in this trade between foreign nations. The provisions of this act were ex tended and enforced by the act 10th May, 1800. Again: The States themselves had a clear right to waive the constitutional privilege in tended for their benefit, and to prohibit. by their own laws, this trade at any time they thought proper previous to 1808. Several of them exercised this sight before that period, and among them some containing the greatest nut,-;her or Twit gave to Congeiss the immed'cte potter to act i■ regard to all inch States, because they tbemseli es had removed the constitutional barrier. Congress accord ingly passed an act ou 2S th February. 1803, "to pre,ent the importatioa of certain persona into certain States where, by the laws thereof, their admission is prohlLitei . i." In this manner the importation of African slaves into the i i.74i4pd States was, to a greet extent, prohibited some years in advatige of 1608. As thej. arroached. Congress de termined n of tL;a ;rade to mit even for a sing 7 after they had the power to c elpf r thul:sh lt. !JP the 2d of March. ieo7, they passed an act to take effect from and after the 14 daatierJadnary. 1808;" prohibiting the int'. portal.) of African shaves into the United States Thie was followed by subsequent acts of a similar 'chant( ter, to which I need not 5 perkily refer. Such were the principlea and such the practice of our ancertors bore than fifty yearg ago in regard 14 Or Aitken slave . • . ~ trxde It did not occnr to the revered patriots who had been delegates to the convention, and al terwards became members oteongress, that in panting these Ilws they had violated the Con stitution which they had framed with so laugh care arid deliberatum. They supposed thiit to prohibit Congress, in express terms, from ex erL.l.ilng a specified power before an appointed day, necessarily involved the right to exercise this power after that day had arrived, if this were not the CII3C, the framers of the C.,anstitution Lad expended mach labor In vain. Had they imag;ned thit„gongrsss weuld pollees' no power to prohinit the trade eipier before or alter 1808, they would not have take; so much care to protect the States against rte eyereise of this before that period. Say more, they would nothave attached such vast importance to this prorision as to have extended it from the possibility of future repeal or amendment, to which other portions of the Constitution were exposed. It would, then, bare been wholly unnecessary to engraft on the fifth ar ticle of Constitution, pfesot Piing the mode of its own future amendment. the proviso, "that no amendment which may be made prior to the sear one thousand eight hundred and eight shell in any manner effect" the provision the Constitution securing to the States the right to admit the importation of African sieves previous to that period. ' According to the adverse construction, the clause Itself, on which so mutts care and die mission has been employed by the member's of !I!i - e0 - 11S6ritict.P 7 .31 - A3 an absolute nullity from the beginning, endoll that hulloes been doise under is re usurpation. It was wand wise to confer this power on Congress, beeanse, hid it' been left to, the States. its efficient exercise would have been impossible. In that event any one State could have effectually continued the trade not only for iteelf, but for all the other slays States, though never so much againsttheir will. And lykr ? Eire:lose African slaves, when once brought within tl i e limits of any one State,lll accordance with its lats, cannot practically be excluded from any other State where Sieve ry exii.t• And even had all the States bad separately parsed laws prohibiting the imptift ration of slaves, these laws would have fall of effect for want of a naval force to capture the slayers and to guard the coasts. Ruch a force no State cite employ in time of peace without the concent of Congress. These acts of Congress, it is believed. hare. with very rare and insignificant exceptions, accomplished their purpose. For a period of more than half a century there has been no perceptible addition to the number of our O. mestic slain( Daring this period their ad. vanEement in riVilizatiOn has far surpassed that of any other portion of the African rote. The light and the blessings of Christianity hare been extended to them, and both their morll and physical condition has been greatly im proved. Reopen the trade, and it would be diffinnlt to determine whether the effect would be more deleterious on the interests of the master or on those of the native-born slave. Of the evils to the master, the one most to be dreaded wopid he the introduction of the wild, heathen, and Ignorant barbarians among the sober, orderly. •nd quiet slaves, whose ancestors have been on the soil for serer:al generations. This might tend to herbal-4e, Aemortlize, and exas perate the whole mass, and produce most de plorable consequences. The effect 'upon the existing slave would, if ponible, be still more deplorable. - At present he in treated with kindness end humanity. Ile is well led, well clothed, and not overworked. His condition is comparably better than that of the coo ies which modern nations of high civilization hare employed as a substitute fur African slaves. Roth the ohltanthropy and the self interest of the Illstf . ter bare combined-to produce this humane result. But let this trade be reopened, and what will be the effect? The same, to a considerable extent, as on a neigh boring island—the only spot now on earth where the African Blare-trade Is openly tolera ted ; and this in defiance of solemn treaties with a power abundantly able at any moment to enforce their execution. There the muter, intent upon present gain, _:stOrts from the slave bi much labor as his physical powers are capaple of endnring—knowingthat,when death comes to his relief, his, place can be supplied at a price redneed to'the lowestpoint by the competition of the rival Afrieste glare Wider,. Should this ever be tl3p piiip jn at" country— which I do not deem possible— The primal*, character the domestic institution, wbereiti those top old and top mpg 0-nor* are ptwrided foe with care and humanity, sad those capable of labor are not overtasked', would undergo an unfortunate change. The feeling of rersiprotil• depeedenoe and attach ment which new exists between master and slave would be converted into mutual distrust and hostility. But weare obliged es a phristisp and moral patio° to considenehat would he the effect up on unbapp3 Africa itself if we should re-open the aloes trade. This would five the trade an impales and extession wkit.)t it has lunar had even in its Wiliest dont. rho numerous vie ties required ee 'moray it would coavert the whole slave coast into a whet Pandentonluto„ for which this country would** held nepeuei tho eyes hOi of Penland teste.• .Its pet ty wonld Oeo be conetantly engaged in Rroal s effly wan egailet *sob other for the pur pose atibeitang aline to spooky the American Allltopee of 4frkatt advilinatlon would Int thot waded.. go* other head s Situ a market fee 4aosispita4l no lons* be furnished 2 *, sad tlbai tendfd. tse ash this trido, is oieeny ;belt ladnlina reasene liopo fbr the sal boort:T*l4ot of +fetus.— This clef pf .ion°gjh. tribes veltl cease wheokier tip 14.114 loailAtlWY diatitad for slaves. Tilt I.llo* •q 0 at - tpaf km. but he deeeloPe4l kr le- In faiY its: B*s N il4 3 llLa tilt i. T tiwi mzp , ion to id Ne tt* the coosti- be bare tot bin - ic.e. - " -- -" . - .--- 11.•eth7r. mph., Tiiisruiltm ------- .koit l • end iliplalnet , git t op, abet aa o ber maul chute „Y to Mentes as • nelghboria• Slate. The , lra adakomh-hrelsedllhate to ids Wattle- 1 r liaet whildi - 'meld ditterlo anti of a new lib ...' of the power of the United States in , adleiously wesoperatiol wlth.tha indttls- ' ondetentading between the two oonn• Dee. Miresson. %et dot " swam at mislay to redress the wrongs and pre taminsliisars *swot.* air amteella; aseasseett ; vim, the wiping out of the adeereel,the plan ender wllleitisetilitsgtotteitiwind Z. lee Ike rigista of nor own citizens is none ' to 00eare bY tris46l:e sfac jile cl orry PouscionbAk tresties hav : i e d lai en ess . ...iiin to red i a l ipda t a h il r LiSsi i n n !. 7 , u . naer , . tl• inaz ir was __ i this:r easieu reatarmil n.l - taettj avinic s hbecoesa pte 4illli y o laele r .tibloy. rmae. hinit:i alessuernlteitesitleiempetits oto tte pire : o e ir s .. i tr r isi ed epert , t 7: teda u n se astni e rte ffi die e rm ie ta n u t s: a ine n i d . ',. =Wed 17 tie d t i 0/.*reiirn eontesetes• 10 70 a 'treaty of thelads of sltane. 1846, eq.' ' He arenssobd ili bolrecer. nt11,746 it it ifterissary sillel may thus be rendered at the! The result is beet cone/laded wth Ong* b 7 the reactiye del , ii o i4r erat a n i artn i seie c a wi rT.'ec‘• in e e i *: drew .".• and '''. powithe , Set • B 1 1 ~,,,,i,, ; tacit ,_ 1 lemma on tbas appotntment, ' t onto A - •eae le accomplishment of this re- ' atieistess of the tidied States, Great Britain, i ftrt .4h n o t f ie ju r, i t y. b . e lti. la s t.e 2, addressed a note to ' gement party. ti- France, aad Rends. Out 'treaty , or gecersi Secretary of State, tinsels, with that title, at the t opes,.rily feel a deep and earnest interest.— coarention of peace, amity, and commerce,' , Mexico ought te ale Crampton, eon e e then British ' ' ntiniater at Wash- ', In my irist *Mal moque I communicated be a rich and prosperous and with that empire wills concluded at Tieetein on the 18th June, 1858, and Wel ratilli:d by saussicatin ) himunder which . peseerfin repnbli the , ingten..enten e , ; . R 3 t a copy of the I to Cuomo the tercismateeces , . . C. She possesses ext ens i ve President, be and with the advice and consent ' inlitfectom s wio...ii he 1 r. Wareyl bactgiveu, il i a lota Minister of the Pe t ted States sespen-, terrt•ory, a fertile soil, and an teem/cohabit, of the Senate, on the 2 1st December following. on the 14th . ofJuly, to Gov Stevens, of Wash - ' ded his official Mations with the centre]; store of mineral wealth. She occupies an On the 15th litsettsr.ber, IEI6B, Juba E. Ward, ' ingtors Terrtary, haring an especial reference government ;and withdrew from the cowatry.: important position between the Gulf and the ' a distinguished citizen of Georgia, was duly to an "apprehended' &make between our citi- It was impossible to maintain friendly inter- ocean for t4tanott routes and for ennosi serce ;__ ' commissioned as Envoy Estraerdinary and I, tens and the Brftlah s o nj eeta on the Island of , 090 , 10 *tea a gowernment, like thrit at the ' ra it pciesilde that such a cuuntsy as this can 'fit:aster pleaipotentiary to Chiva. He left the , Oen Juan." 'To prevent t hi s ... eractiar , ' sitp i ta i s under whose usurpol authority ,be given up to anarchy and rein erithout 1 United States for the place of his destination j was instructed "that the officers of the Terri- 1 wrong , were constantly oommittod, but never an effort fry oq any quarter fur its rescue and on the sth of February, infin. bearing with him tory should ittetnin f r o m n it aeta on the dis- , redeemed. had this been ap established its safety I Will the commercial nations of the ratised copy of this treaty, sad artfted at puted grounds which tire calculated to pro- ' government, with its pewee eztending. hy. ' the world, which have ito many interests con „,,Stia,ughsti on the 28th Bay. From thence he yoke arait congects, so Car op it can !e done j ibes ransom of the people, over the wisele of nected with it, remain wholly indifforant tq ' proceeded to Peking on the 15th June , but did 1 without implyieg th e eop: em o th oo to .e ;me. t hjegieet„ a resart to hostilities against it such a result ? ban the it 'L ake, Settee, espe. not arrive In that city until the 27th July. Ac- thorities or Great Britain of an exolaei'ee rion,ld have been quite justifiable, and indeed cially, which ought to share most largely in cording to the terms of the treaty the ratifies:- 1 right over the Premises. The title oaght to' necessary. But the Gonna, was it prey to', its commercial intercourse, allow their im- Uons were to be exchanged os or before the be settled before either party should at t em pt c i v il war ; and it wax hoped that the success . is esliete neighbor elms Jo destroy inrelf and ftfth Jane, 1859. This was rendered itspossi- to exclude the other by forile,'Or exercise eons - of the constitutional President might lend to , injure them 1' Yet, without support from ' ble by reason, and events beyond his control, pl ets and exclueire sore • - gn ' • reign ri ta, Within a aondition of things less injurious ti, or some quarter, it is ih • ipoesible to perceive htni not necessary to detail; but still it il due to , the fa i r l y dis'iunted limite.to : tniteol Statio• This success lie ire so pro; : Mexico eau resume her petition among nations the n'hincese authorities at Shanghai US 'tete ; In acknowledgingthe receipt on the next ' bable that in January last , I empinyed a relies and sitter pun a career which promises any that they always misused him po• advantage ; dal of Mr. Marcy's note, th e B r i t i s h Mi n ister Lle agent to visit Mexico, and report to me good resufts. TO silo which she requires. should be takro of the deter, and this pledge •lt.' and which the • ex pressed his entire concurrent* " in ,the nru- the actual condition and prospects of the nit .. 0 Interrala UT nit (X,lllUieroliti has been faithfully redeemed. sa , e. . On the sinial of lir Ward at Peking ha re- ( PiletY of the co arse recommended to '•”" '''''''' his countries r equire tending parties. '' In consecotence o f, , that she should bee°, it error of Washington Territory by your ['Mr. report, and from informetion which reached., belongs tO this litiyernyent to render; not quested an audience date Emperor, to present instructions to that officer , " and ' me from other seerCes, fityorable to tho pros-" qnly by virtue of our neughborteMel to niexice, ' his letters of credence. Thu he did not ob- 1 Msrel'' Lain. in consequence of his very proper refusal , stating tint he had "lost no time in transmit- peens of the constitutional m is use, I f e l t j us tife ' ',long whose territory we have a euutimenis ' to submit to the huusiitatieg seremomes re- flog a ropy of chat docninunt to the gotere ed in appoieting a new minister to Mexico. ' frontier of nearly t jitqus a „,/ wiles, but by quires] by the etiquette of t'elis strange people ' nor-gener.%l of British North America," rind' who might embrace the earliest useitel,le op- virtue, also, of our estio,iishint p olicy, :1144 l a Approaching th e ir so v er ei gn . nice er theiess had "earnestly recommended to his Excellen- portunity of resturingour diplomatic relations ii inconsistent with the i nter‘ont i mi of any I the interviews on this queatioe wer e conduct- ,cy to take such measures as to him may op- with that Republic. For this purpose a 'ii ,- . Xiir°Pcan Power iti thu tionmAi c concerns of ed in the most friendly spirit, and with all dos pear best calculated to to-cure, on the part of tinge ished citizen of alarylend was ..elected, that republic. t t regard to his personal feelings and the honor the British local authorities and the Inhabi- who proceeded (ill ills mission on the ilth of The wrongs which w n have milFered from ' of his country. When a presentatton to his tents of the neighborhood of the line in ques- March last, with diseretionary authority to 3lneieo are before the world, and must deep : . I Innestv was found to lit. it1V, , ..i10.1;i 1 ,t, the letter lien, the exercise of the same spirit of for. recognize the governuiest of President Jon- in itirrese every Amens-an citizen. A goy. cif credence nein the President was received h earan ce whichisinculcated by you [Mr. Tea, if 'in his arrival in Mexico he should find eminent which is either enable or sinwillipg 1 with peculiar honors by Kwciliang, " th e. Em- Marcy! on the authorities and citizens u the it coaled to Poch recognition, according to to redress such *rings i t , derelict to its high. ' perur's prime minittcr, and the se‘uuil use in U n ited States." I the established practice of t h e u n ited States. est duties. The difficulty °sionista in *elect- ; the empire to the Emperor himself." The rat i .„ I Thus matters remained upon the faith of, On the 7th of Aprit folloiking, Mr. McLane ing and enforcing the remedy. lye may in ficaiions of the treaty sure alterwards, on LDS thfsarrtovremenliintil the 9th July bust. when I presented his credentials to Preaideet Juarez,' vain apply to tho constitetisitial iseverineent le th of August. ex licaged in proper form at I General Harney paid n visit to the island.— I paring no hesitation "in pronouncing the : at N'ltra Cruz,. although it is well disposed te uri Pei-ne. As the exchange did nut take place .. fo un d i te upon it twenty - five American real- , government of ,Juarez to be the only existing , do us justice, for adequate redress . w.hila i unt..ll after the del kycscrit,e•l by the treaty, it s dents with their nannies, nod also no estab-' government of the Republic." Ile wee cur- ' its nutherity is acknowledged in all the im is deemed proper, before Its publiontiou, ripita - 1 if a h men t o f the (Judson tiny Compuny tor the dially received by the authorities nt Vera , portant pats and tiatemglisest the sea. o ,mt e • to submit it to the Senate. se of ra i sing s h eep. A short ti me be- C ruz, and they bare ever since manifested the ' of the republic, i ts power does not extend v., I It is but simple justice to the Chinese so- i our se . . , residents' had : most friendly disposition tuwards the Uititeel the city of aleekei whe re lure his arrival one o f t hese . . „ ; . nearly nil the re-; thorlties to observe, that, throughout tbewbole j 1 aims ini animal belonging to the einneenta States . Unhappily, however, the constant- cent outrages bare been committed on A mer .; transaction, they appear to hate acted in good 1 w hil s t trespassing upon Isis premises, for ' timed government has not been able to estab- ' jean citizens. We must penetrate into th e ', faith and Ina friendly spirit towards the United States, It Is true this hes been done afteetheir 1 which , however . h e offered to pity tw i ce it, ! dish its newer (e'en the whole republic. It is in vier before we can retell the offender*, j own peculiar fashion ; but we ought to regard I value; nut that was tefueed. 1 supporftal by a large majority of the pessple , and this can only be dune by passing through ' with a lenient eye the m s elent customs of an ' Senn after ethe chief factor o f the company , and t h e s tates, b ut t h ere are i m p or t a nt parts the territory in uecunatien of the constitution- empire dating back tar thoasaad of years so of Victioria,4 Mr. Dallas. emein-law of Our. of the country where it can enforce no olsedi- 'id government. The moat acceptable and far ea this may be coseistrat with oar own as-' Douglas, mime to the Island in the British ;once. General Miran o i maintain,' himself least difficult ulnae of ticcempinan c.,- the uh clonal honor. Ths c o nduct of one minister on I steamer-of-war Satellite, and threatened to ' i a t the capital ; and in mime of the distant ject will he to act in e.nicii•rt with that; gotten-1 the occasion has received my entire sta.roba- take "this Amerirnii (Mr. Cutler] by force to , province; there are military governors who , ment. Their consent and their aid might, I titan.either.• Victoria, to answer fur the traipses he bad pay little respect to the 'decrees o f believe, be obtained ; but if not. our obih m , i. In order to carry ou t t h e s pi r it grads treaty, onesimitted. The American seized his rifle, government. In the mean time the exceerma ' thin to protect our citizens in their jest rights, • and to glee It full effecnit Itecitine pecessary to . and told Mr. Dallu if any rpeli attempt wee which always attend upon civil war, especial- I secured by treaty, would not lie the less n u . • conclude two supplemental roaryntlaus—she' mat t e , he wou ld kill pip up the spot," The , affair then eeded, ir in Meeks), are constantly recurring. • Out - . perntive. For these reasons , I reemutmnd i one for the adjustment and satiefaction of tbe \ I - ragas of the wont desprii lion are commit- the Csingresa to piss a Ins uutherieing the claims of Par citizens' sad the ether t e fi x tn • ' tinder l t the American '1 ' three e reupts angle, l tedupon persons ant property , There is ; President, under such auntie as they mat tarie op imports and e;ports, B b d to regulate , - i presented a petition to the General, ' scarce ly a ny form of injury: which has nut ' deem expedient, to ankiloy a sitifluient Wine- , the transit duties and trade of our merchants ' s e t tle rs pummel' the United :autos inspector of pule ; been suffered by our eiliiens to Mesita!' 'luring I, ry fusee to enter ale ins , for the purpose of ' with China. This duty was satisfactorily per, . trims, Mr. Buhl" to P t lamp a fume upon the the lest few years. We have been nominally ' t obtaining indemnity for the past and security teemed by our hue minister. These cpueen- I Island to issusect them 'nem the Indiana as' at puce with that Itepublic. but '" so far as , fur the future. I purples-1v refrain from any. lions bear date of Shanghai on the jib Nevem lye!! as the oppressive interference of the at-; the interests of our commerm or of our citi- ; suggestion sa to whether this fermi silent eon ber,lBsB. Hariug been considered in thelight hcrities of the nudism; Katillettinpany at Vic- ' tens who have visited the country as mer- I slat it:regular troops or volunteenn or troth, orhilidhig agreements subsidiary to the prim- It" cipal treaty, and to be carried into execution 1 tuna with their rights as American eitigene. " , clients, ship -masters, or in ether (mane - Wee. This question may be most appropriately without delay, they do not provide for any for- , The General immediately responded to this' . are concerned, we might es well lime beea at : left to the denisiop of Co tt areea. I wool,! mat ratification or exchange of mtieestions by I petition, and ordered Capt. George E. Pickett, i wnr." Life hen been insecure. property un-: merely eleserre that, sheen esdonteers be s e. the contracting parties. This was not deemed' 9th lefentry. "to establi s h his company on ' protected, and trade impossinle, except at% ' lecteil, such a fisree mould be (wily raised in necessary, by the Chinese, who are already pro- !Bell cue, or San Juan Leland. Oil SOM . 1311 4' 1 , , risk of leas which prudent men cannot be , this country among those who sympathize seeding in good faith to satisfy the claims oft ble position near the harbor at the euealicast- expectedlo incur. Important est:Ornate, in- with the sufferings .4 osteurifortunate fellow our citizens. amid, it is hoped, to carry out the ! ern extremity." l i yoking large expenditures, entered into by t citizens in Mexico, and with the unhappy other provisions of the conventions. Atilt I' This order wee promptly obeyed, and is ' the central nevernineest , have been set at de-ti ainditi of that republic. Such an mimes thought it ra proper to e;thmit them to the [ military post wits tusteldislied et the plane i Swum 19 the loc-il gurernniente. Peat PAO lai to the force of the tentstitittlunal govern- Sepate, by which tlks,t were ratified on the 3d ,I designate" . The ewer. was a ft erwards in- I American residents , e ccupeine tin it rightful j wont would enable it soon to reach the city of Beech, 1850. !creased. en that . Ise the last return the whole : poasessitlna, have been suddenly expelled the t Meshes mid extend its power liver the whole Theratified copies, however, did not reach ' iinnther oftroops th e e on the lmlaud unassuist- •; country, in dentine-el la treaties, and by the reptililie. In that event there is ne reason to Shanghai until alter the departure of our gin-' 101 et on the negneente ti, Mall. 1 mere ...res of arbitrary power. Even the !simile that the just claims of our citizens later to Peking, and these conventions could 'll !dint Ido not deem it proper nit the press- le:ounce of ju s tice ins not been safe from eon- would lie salinities' null *desolate redress car net therefore be exclumgrii at th e satne•time I , gip neenflioll tp gp forther iuni Gm mul t ert.' Ind, and a recent decree of Miratnen tiernuitst; tained for the injuries itifiictel upon theist.-., with the principal treaty. No dolitt is elitcr- 1 • and delouse the weight wineli merle to be at- I the intervene .1 - ir.Ternincht in all suits 1 The eetietitutitnuil gevernmeet have ever taiued that they a ill Le ratified cud exchanged be the Chinese Government, shenla this lie tnelied to the inurement* of the British utile- where Whew pony he a fereig icr. Vossels of ' reins-est a strong desire to sle us justice, and tboughtativisable; hut, under thecirenmatances 1 " int Guth/entitle emenstiaig the necurney of i mite United States have been seized without I this might he secured in estrange by a pre presented, I shall consider them binding en- the information ono Wl.lOl the gellnut•Getiernl law, end a consular officer who preteettel limistary treaty. ' ' gageznents from their date on both Darden and anted, it was due to 1,1111 that Isl 1.1 thus ag a inst such. sexuro has been fined inel inn' It mar be said that these meaeerste will, at cause them to be published as such tor the in- : present tie Ilriiimh atalsoritieti on Vistictiu priesmed fur disreispert to the antiewities.— heist indirectly. lie ineonsistent with sear wise formation and gulch nee of our mer,linuts tad-, sec's Island fneu eeereteing iurissliethel Duct. I Military contributions hare been letial in' stud seeded islise- net to interfere in the de. lag with the Chinese empne. - ; American roads nts on the ;shoal of Son Juan, vielatims of every principle of right. n o d die t mastic concerns effetreiget endows, But 'nee; i t a ff or d s me mu d s set ee eet i en t o i u ta te , ;as well as to protect them against the issestle Ammer:in who resisted the lawh'auu demand not the preeent case fairly constiteito an ex you that all diffienhies wish the /soil re of 1 Sinus of the. Indians: has run his peeper/ forcibly taken ewuy.; eeptiosi ? An adjoining repetition( in astute j Paraguay hare been satisfactorily adjusted.—, Much exetemetit prevhiled fee now...time I awl hits been It happily did not Leanne- uteessary to employ.' Oren:bout that retue , and serious danger' filet of nutherity in different parts of the; has pelmet) a hull; unable to extricate 'herself.; the force for this purpore is hich Congress had ' of cellieion leen eels the partied was appre- 1 eountrne tariff dutieswhich hate been paid in : She is entirely demituteof the power ta main-, placed at my command, under theWjnint ret‘o- belated. Tile British had nem e.' . naval furor piece 'tore L. ea exacted over again iii 1 tans pease, eisen her borders, or to prevent the : intim' of 2d June, Isate t e e t h e contrary, the ;in the sienuity nand it is but nunet of sample , =ether place. Large nuiuners ureter 'Athens* ;neural tttt sof banditti inns our territory. • In 1 , President of that repel:lie. in is friendly spirit, ; justice to the Admiral on !het station to 'stale have been arrested mid imprieuned without ' her fate awl in her relents—Ai l her potter to acceded promptly to the pat and atitessa.able Witt be wise.), ansrdiscreetly forehnreto rem - .; nay form ;if exa • .ation nr any epportinsity I mitalaisli an I manstain a settnel geveentuentee• demands of the Government of the tetiitca t ta l l a h,:li oatsl e act, lint determined to refer I for a beerier*. and even when released have ` we have a far deetwr interest, socially, *tut- 1 States. Our commissioner anis mint AeßtiMia- ,' flie Wh7denirair to his got eminent and await ' only tdataisiel their liberty after tuucli suffei- usereially, and politically than any ether un non, the capital or the republic, on the rah of thet i • • ! ' r iistructions. line and injury and without any Wipe of re-; tient. She is maw a wreak twin the ocean, January, nag, and left it oft the 17th of Feliru- , . 1 . 1 .- i.. Is aspect et the metter, in my opinion . ' diet', The wholesale tnassasee of Cathie 1 drifting &mattes she is itnnelha lir diffineent 1 dry, having in three weeks ably and successful- I demanded se rious attentiltn. It would lies u and his nsaucintes aithout trial in Sonora. , factious. A. peal neighissir, shall we not I ly accomplished all the oljests of his mission. ~ The treaties which be has roeeluded will lie " ftr: a great ealemity for Lin undone lad; as well as the seizure and murder of lour , exterel to her a helping liana to save her? Ili 1 they been pt:*Opitatetl into 'dill lo wilily I sick Americans who had tnkets shelter in the we do not. it would not be eurtsrisine should 1 immediately submitted to the Senate. . i '' e lion of title to the ;slam! but' ,hoe's of an American, upon die soil of the Snlito saner tuition undestake the ta s k, mull In the view that the empleyincist of ether I —• '" ""' ‘ 4 ' -: '. * merely coteeruing, what shoul d . be its condi- , Gaited States, u • as eon' ; 1 mune-ate.. to Ven t re...es thus fierce us t o interfere at last, under eir- : than peaceful means might Income necessary y . ; tints dining the intervening ler t... 1 A Ildizt the ;et this last session . Murder, of a still m ire e ttt tt ..taneies of he:reseed difficulty. for the; to obtain "jut antlafaction" front Para:, two psverntu is might he eurip o •ed in act, atroensue character have been committed ill Mri iteliallee of our estahlished policy. j a strong navel force was eoucesstrated in the waters of the La Plata to await contingentire, Slieg the qua isml6 which of them it belongs, the very heart of Mexieo,ninder the suit u ity I t C l i e nt tho reesimmenslution contained in ; whilst our commissioner ascended the riser .1:or this red ti Lieut. Gen. beset Lieu t . Villa iltili• id, Minsmon'R gesertiment, during the prsseiss my last Ilia° ti IllleaSaga th a t authority may_ to Assumption : The .Niter 'Department is r4-,atrhea on the 17th Sept. lase to Washington ,sear. S este of these %%ere (.111y is orinar of a b e g iven ne the President to oetablisli one or entitled to great credit for the presuptiss-sa , erritere in take immediate consum' of the Isabel-rues age., and, if they had not betel mere temporary military post• across the Mee- ' - efficiency, and economy with whath this ex- 17)144 States feta.. un the Peertle avast should clearly protein would bete seemed impessi. ' jean Ijllo in S. a and Ciiihneinia, where peditinn was fitted out and pondueted, It lie deem this necessary. The Illiall of jest of the in. a country which Clailliri to be cis itized. ' these moth be uroessary to Prating the fives 1 consisted of nineteen arrnea veetels, great aiid , his mission Was to carry out the spirit of the Of this description was the breedm uetecre ' and property of American end 31exican eiti. small, carrying 200 guns and ^SOO men. all . precautionary arrnit e cinent Letereeti the late in .Ipril ,last, le. order of Gen. Marquez, of zens anainet the iacureione and depredatiuns under the corumand ante veteran and gallant ; St .creetry of Stateittid the British Minister, three American plicsieiati., who were se zed of the Indians, as wal as of lowlossirnVer4 WI Shubrick. The entire expenses of the exile-, and thus to preset-%c tit teace mid tires cue in the hu.ritul at Teittlut3a while ..ttesolitig th a t resnotermnion. The e..t.titishment qr , ma dition have been defrayed opt of the ordinary , collision between the British and American tirain the sink and the sb log 0f both paniC.., such pus: nt a point culla' Arispe, in S morn. appropriations for the ;meal service, except, authorities pending the ergetiatien, between and without trial, as uitheut erinke, wore in a ',minter MAY Rinio , t depopulated by the the sum of $'280,000, applied to the purchase the two governments. hurriod away to speedy execution. Little hostile inneele of tho nets ill• from our silo of of seven of the steamers, con•tituting a part' Entertaining no doubt of the validity of our , lees shocking was the recent fete .f orinond the line, would. is is iselierea, have prevented of it, under the authority of the nave. appro• title, I need scarcely add that in any es cot, Chest, who was shot at Tcpie on the 7th of wi tc h napery mid many cruelties duririn tho priation act of the 3d 'Al . :itch Inst. It is be- j American citizens were to be placed on a August, by order of the same Mexican Gene- past sermon. , licred that thee; steamers are wort) more ftsit . ing at least as favorable as that of British ; ral , not only without a trial, but without nity ; A state ••f lawleeennne and violence Pl:merle ' than their oust, and they are all new usefully , sitnneta. t i r being understood that Captain ' conjecture In his friends of the cause of his on that distant frontier. Life and property and actively empl need in the naval service. Pickett's tionipany !should remain on the is-, arrest, Ile is represented as a young nisei of ' are there wholly insteure. The populatiou The appearance of so large a force, fitted la n d. I good character and intelligence, who had of Arizona, now numbering more than_ ton out in such a prompt planner ; in the far die- It Is proper to obserlithat, nonsldering the I made numerous; friends in Tepio by the tour- thousand s o uls, are practically deetitsffie iif tent waters of the La Plats, and the admira- I distance from the scene of !tenon, and in ig-• age and humanity which he had distilnved on : gorernment, ',flaws, oral any regular admin- tile conduct of the officers and men employed I norance of whet might bine tranepireti on amend trying occasions, and his death was; ',teethes of justice. Murder, repine, and utle in it, have had n happy effect in favor of our! the spot before tie General's arrival, it was as unexpected its it was sk k ickin t s, to the whole! er crimes are committed AS ith impunity. I, : country throughout all that remote portion of I necessary to leave much to his discretion, and I community. Other outrages might be climes- ' age therefore,in ca ll the attention al Congress the world. ;I am hippy to state the event proves that ; crated, but these are sufficient to illustikte ; i yfur e. a isoing a urrt nem to the necesst t hi . ' ' • t 't '1 ' Our relations with the great empires of Franee and ituaria, •e well as with all other governments on the continent of Europe, un less we may expect that of happily oznt . continue to uf the most friendly character. In my last annual message I presented a statement of the unsatisfactory condition of our relations - with Spain"; and 1 regret to say that this has nut materially improved. With gut sp!cial reference to other claims, even the " r ,üban claims," the payment of _which has been ably argued by our ministers. and in which more than alingdred - of our citizens are directly interested: remain unsatisfied, notwithstanding both theirjostioe and their amount 0121).985 54 had been recognised and ascertained by the Spanish government itself. • I again recommend that an appropriation bet' made "to be paid to the Spanish govern ment for the ptirpeiste of diatribotion among i the claimants u the Amiated ease." In com mon with two of my predecessors, I entertain ' , no doubt that that this is required by nor treaty with Spain of the 27th October, 1755. ' The tailors- tollischarge this obligation 'Lae', been employed by the cabinet of Madrid iwi ' a reason against the-settlement of our claims.] I need not repent Itte grgureita witieli I urged is my leo. *vocal Wallop in Loren.' of : the acquisition of Cuba by fair purpose. M y ' opinions on that measure Ilemain unchang ed. I' theref(!re n again inyite Lour littio4l, span** to Otio :important putnect. Without aTeeiognition of this policy cinciarpart li ' will be Ore* impossible lo institute e l / 2 n:l dation, with any reseonable . liCJl of egpr:noc. 11411 &recent period there was gond rejeon to belliorl ' ttuti I- should be able'tia sp acpkounos 1 60 to yen present occasion tirifblir did• ' saki& irditt - flint titan, arisiitit!f t thif Claykoa sad woo treaty. ball li adkutatil in i a manner alike honor eitelefickoiy tis lip* parties i , From *toes, binkrefir, which The Iltritisk govertilneat bad aot naticlpalid, they • -10 set yet imakpletod I voiadels, is Vith aw . iiiimbrbas Id , M l4l- - ' i'imisa. is tierNaos Of do , • betirfia !im* lt. = 17 . tilit this. • irofir *it iillrlht c I. pliebevf. .-4,5, this discretion could not have Leen intrusted to more ocinpetent hands. General Scott has recently returned from his mission, having successfully accomplished its objects, and there is no longer any good reason to appre hend a collision between the forces of the two countries during the pendency of the existing negotiations. I regret to inform you that there has been no improvement in the affair., of :italic° since my last aupnal message, andl_ am again obliged to ask the earnest atteotion or run : gresa .to the unhappy condition of that re public. The constituent Congress of Vex icu,'which adjourned on the 17th of rehrs,7 l 1 85 1 , adopted a Constitution andprovided or a popular election. This took phials in the fol lowing July [i857,3 and q.peraj Commonfurt was chomp rresidkolt, nopt without oppo eition. e kt the stamp electiori a new Congress was chosen, whose Arm session commenced on the 16th of September, 0847.1 B y . the Con stiq'.`itipe of 18o7.the Presidential term was to begin on the }it of psoomber. (11337,1 and continue for 4 years.. Oa this der (;ten. Cote. moprort appeared before the assembled Con gress ip the city of Mexico, took the oath to support the new minstitution, and was duly inaugurated its President. Within a month afterwards hp had been driven from the capital, and a military rebel lion had assigned the supreme peeler of the republic to Gen. Zulspipi. The constitution provided that in the absence a the President his office should devolre upon the Phis& Jus tine of the Sppretne Coast, and Oen. Common tort having titt the logatry, this tuttetioaarT. Qin . iliallei, proceoad to Nrcp.st .uaniivatu, a constilat oval goViltlfrili. fore Itlji was otheiilly known, howirvert the eaPi . j e Ulf psi, meet Of Zalosgi had been :mot lard by the iwniitt plomatic In*, rapi d ;* dethe Maio'? Of the Putted Stateit, as 'll/4 ds !onto an ent of Mexico. ' The ttlfgoodPeetd‘rat. assert/Weil, ' • ' hie. . COI Grans% ied'wea-siett eir tablltitioTfritk i his celiac* st. Via cnist • ittPialkitik. the etlebele was .. )63 " 11 1:_ , .:.. • : 44416 T:7110 414, !Juno Fere decis teriaintted, hid ha es.' EMMIIM the wretched state of the cJuntry and the unprotected condition of the persons aud prop erty of our eitizels in Mexico. In all these eases our ministers hays •been eonstaut and faithful - in their aeo:nide for redress, but both they and this Government, i which they have succesgively represented, have been wholly powerless to make their demands effective, Their testimony iu 044 respect, and in reference to the wily remedy which, in their judipents, would meet the etigeney, had bests both uniform and emphrt- I tie. . !. Il l otiiing but a manifestation of the power of the Guveriunent of the United States" ; (wrote our late minister in 1856) "and of its purpose to punish those wrongs will avail.— I assure you that the universel belief here is that there ie nothing to be apprehended from the Government of the United States, and tbat local Mexican ambits can commit these out rages upon American citizens with absolute! impunity.. "I hope - the President" (wrote oar. present migistsr in August last) •' will feel authorised, to ask from Congress the pow-1 sr to eater Mexico with the military forces of 1 the United State*, at the call of the constitu- tinsel authorities, in order to protect the eiti- 1 seas mail Ap treaty rights of the United.Staies. I Unless twat a power is conferred upon him,' neither the one nor the ethei will be respec ted in the existing state of anarchy and disor der, 104 the outrages already perpetrated will never be chastised ; and, as I assured you in my No. 123, all these evils must inereosie now every vestige of urder-and gurearateat 4iilfip pears from the eouutry." I have been »hie.: tacitly led 'to the same dOhioh• and, lb jetties to my seunta-gam who hare intend wrongs from Musics rd who may still suffer them, I feel boon4Wr announce this tiongluAeo t o c v Ni p _y eee nted. however, • ass seetAx a ease of failigidual • claims, eilebou g h ow just elahaps :against ,ideitiso ago. wiiiiitad a e er y . Ism aasusdat. Nur i ll it. coy Of fiorStlpe#ii to dui tirls and o f the few. Who 011!.rernalw is 3t iiii 4 ght tilt • thia saidgiorik el away 4Saer. . ' fati tO . asCrOdly proteet4 hi 11 . • I•tihe F ta-UVro, r ,„ 12, present tie infiewstly at leant, whole eu t our CM government over Arizona. The treaty with Nicara g ua of the 16th February, 13(.7, to whichl referred in my last annual rummage. failed to reoeire the r4t tfication of the government of that republit.• for reasons which I need not enumerate. A similar treaty hr. been since concluded be tween the parties hearing date on the "Itith March, 1559, which has been already ratified by the Nicaraguan Congress. This will be .inimediacely submitted to the Senate fur their ratification. Its provisions cannot, I think, fail to be acceptable to the people of both countries. Our claims against the governments of Cos ta Rica and Nicaragua remain unredressed, though they an prowled in an earnest man ner, and not without hope of suoness. I deem it to he my ditty once inure earnestly In recommend to Congress the peerage of a law authorising the President to employ the naval force at his command, tor the porpoise of protecting the lite', and property of Amer ican cutistms passing in transit morose the Pun- j &ma, Nicaragua, and Tehuantepec routes, 1 slip/dins sudden and lawless outbreaks mid depredatioua. r shall not repeat the sin meats employed in former message, in support of this measure. &Sot it to spy that the lives of many of our people, and the mom ritr of vast amounts of treasure passing and repaving over one or more of those routes be tweet the Atlantic and Pacific, maybe dee ? . ly ineolsrysl in the actiqtt of coprees on this wilttlect. I would, also, again rscooreild to Con gress that authority be given to the Meidiet to impiety tbs naval force to protect Ameri can merchant teasels, th eir airs, and floes, against violent and bullets poilarq and ognieltatton in the ports of Motto° sad the Preanteh - .Xatericain States wilco flame . Donn erste may be be a dietarbedisnd retehattoeltrY Oliffiett.. The mere knowledge that task an Vty had been 'coribirred, as,l hats I ai t ri thimi gated, would of Ong, in a groat d.- ref.- amens the evil. Neither raid us e gatia met wva lrio rrn anY es.9l4l7 o4 4 4, 477 simi,se rtatql Wale eisit Odes jp, - is trtnatei odr OZI or, - FM BIiMEXC2 striotlyspeskriss; ' C Ai the Esseutivo. I would, of eourse,ho eaaminatiali, how., Wm at resit. Congress poseeeses the eels and itzelostr• power, under the constitution, "to dialer a war." They alone eau "raise and sittppnrt armies," and "provide and maintain a navy." But after Congress shall have decisnid war. and provided the force necessary to carry It on, the President.. as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Nary, can alone employ this force in making war ahainst the enemy.— this is the plain language, and history Proves that it was the well-known intention. or tha (ranters iJ the Constitution. • it will not bp denied that the peneral "power to deUbitre wise is without limitation, end embraces within itself not only_ That c writers or. the law of nation," tan; a Ilisfjc OF perfect war, but also ap lippprfpq . p-.—lptiO, in short. every species of bandit,: lever confined or limited. Without the an °Ali of Congress the President cannot lire a bet ; tile gun in any eine, except to repel theat 7 ' tacks of an enemy. It will not bp gonbk`il that under this power Congress could, if die, thon_tht proper, authorize the President to em pl o y the fort:te at his command to eels. a vessel belotigl!!g to an American citisim whielt had been illegally 1,0 unjustly c optured is a ' foreign port and restore It toi ts owner... i But can Congress only act after thp Istet-,:a. ' ter mischief has been done? 'fare they no power to confer upon the President the itii- J Mork', in advance to furnish instant redress should such a case afterwards occur? Must !they NI nit until the mischief has been dune, and curt they apply the remedy only when it lis too late ? To confer this authority to meet ' future cases under circtinistanees strictly sEoci 40 / is al 54eIr4y Within the weNitielstr , Jim., power as such an authority conferred upon the President by act of Congress after the deed is done. In the progress of a great iiiiitimi piny "xivencien must arise imPsita: tively rrquiring dna Coliiirpss should author : Ise the President to act promptly on °arab coniliti,;pn which may or may nut afterwards larise. Our history has already presented .t i number of 4 uch eases. i eliallrefer only to the ' latest. Oyler the rettokition of dune 2n3. "fO; the adjustment of difficulties with tlip republic of Paraguay." the President is "au:— thurized to adopt such mettsurss cod use such force as in his judgmemit ntay to names:di and advisable in the event of a retusal of just,' satisfaction by the government of Paraguay." "Just satisfaction). tit- . what ? Fur "the attack on the tuited gtates stemma ever Witch," and "other matters raterro thy annual message of the President." Ilere the power is expressly granted upon the conditiou kind the government of Paragui shall refuse to render this "just satisfaction." In this and other simihir emotes Congress hie cvm : ferre I upon the liresiden't power in advance di - employ the army und navy upon the hap ' petting of contingent future sieve ; and t h ti most certainly is embraced witton 44p poster to doclt t ru war, ' Pei*. if this c o nditional and conting:nt' power email be cunstittltiunally conferreg ; upon the President in ilie eat, nrifarnunYOh.r ma y it um .t be conferred for the purpose 'ov protecting the lives and property of Ameri ; ean citizens in the event that the" 'slay Ist violently and unlawfully attacked in paiSiug over the transit routes to and from Cxlifortiix t or assailed by time sei;ure of their vessels in a foreign port? To deny this power is to render the 'levy in a great degree useless for 1 , the protection of the lives and primperly of • .tmerican citizens in countries where neither protection tuts redress can Ile otherwise ob- tainud. The Thirty-fifth Congress terminated On the of March, IM3, NvithiAq haviit4; passed the 'tact making approprfatiogje lot the service df the Rett Office Department 4it rittz the Racal year ending the &Oth June, BOO." This act also contained on apnr , qn minify defluienuies in the reve.aile of the Poet Office Department fur the yeir ending the 3Oth of June. 1+5 4 3." I I,Jeliert; this is the first instance time the origin of I the Fesleral !lover:meta, now inure than sev enty years ago, when any Congress went out of esi-tense without having passed all the ;tonere' 4 ppripriati.iti bills neceemers to carry on the gur er a meat until the regular period for the meeting of a now Congress. This event impmeil tin the Executive a grave re- Sposisibility. It pressmen choice of elite* RA the osnission of duty occurred at tioi first session of the last Congress the reined , / would have been plain. I might them have linstantly ree-slleil them tit outottiltatt weir wookseand this without expenie to the flgli-, j eruntent. Ile on the 4th of Mare!) lame them were fifteen of the thirty-three States which I hail ant elected any renresentativiss to r". I present fengress. Dail Oongress been cater. itogether insult:46oy. these States wouti have been virtitallv disfrnnehised. If an in j ternietliate peritsl 'hail been selected, severs! o f th e St a tes would have been compelled tit bob( extr m sessions of their legislattiras. at ' great ineonvettience and expense, to ['revile for elections :it an earlier day than that pre ,' viou-dy fixed by law. In flip regular course i ten of theto.Stateat. wnuld not ilect until after 1 the 'beginning of August. and five of theme ten rn,t until October nod Naveinber. On the tither hand, when I came to exam ine carefully the condition of the Post Office Department, I did not meet as many or ns great difficulties Ils I hail apprehended. liad the bill which failed been confined to appro.. prim:ions for the fistl year ending the 30th June next, there would have been otireason of pressing inusirtunce for the call of an ex-, . tea session. N, thing would become dye uit • oontracts (those with railroad companies only excepted) for carrying the mail for the first quarter of the present fiscal year, commen cing "Il the I•it of July, vital the Ist of De .comber—less than one week before-the meet ing of the present Congress. The reason is that the mail contractors for this the cur ; s rtnie icetnol veer i did not complete their first quarter's ery the 3‘hil of September last; and by the terms of their costracts sixty days more are allowed for the settlement of their acennins before the Ihipartineut weld be eel-. led upon for p.nyment. The great difficulty and the great hardship I stinsisted in time failure to provide or. the pay ;went of the deficiency in the fiseal year etti din; the 30th June, 1859. The Department I had sniped into contracts, in Obedience ti existing laws, for the service of that fiscal year, and the contractors were fairly entitle.'( to their compensation as it became due. The 'deficiency as stated in the bill &tweeted to $3,838,7•20, but, after a careful settlement of all these aecouned it has been assertained that it amounts to 442940)0. With the scanty means at his ounnneed. the Postmas ter General has managed te pay that portion of his deficiency which escorted in the first two quarters of that fi scal yeari ending on the 31et Demn— ber last. In the mean time the ilosirsetors thligliel ; vss, under these trying cureamstanoe, hare behaved in a manner worthy of all cowmen j dation. They haul one resonres in the midst jof their embarrassments. After the amount i due to each of them had been aseertainesi and finally sealed aooording to har, this be; came a specific debt of record aiainit the United States, which enabled them to burro* monery on this unquettioaahle security. Still the; were obliged to pay interest in comes queues. of the default pf Congress, and ovi every principle orbital's ought to receive in terest from the government. This isterili shooed ouguossatia five the date when a was. rent would have issued ft. Shit payassal of the principal bad an appmprkdrust_. been made for this - yurpoie. Calasdisual ,up to Ist Di. comber. It will le* . upset 56A40. 0 " own Rut to be takes llio seeseat villa aositropied with si t tritMesAbas sad essisinasenseeSs eta siii tr i lzr -=. ter, ,both 41 01, poop tht would hies flt salted a, issirgorej aed boldia' g is *NW sesalue at Caiompi.; ' ' Ter shame - mew I namoarlped the 4).14 sa as well a 47'114 *ay be= sweetisrprends lOW the Mart et Ale sampust, with (stem* die Oleo§ tissid wavatisakiir, as Ana as Se sitliVS Siii - ' ll" & ig at c ="t hr k r .0 i 11"1° , beet ran ' - -
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