7 " RATES OF ADVEBTISmCl One Square, one inch, one week... 1 00 One Square, one Ineb, one month- ' I 00 One Sqaare, one lnoh, 8 months.... 5 00 One Square, one inch, one year .. 10 10 Two Squares, one year..... ......... 15 00 Quarter Column, one year ......... M 80 00 Half Colnmn, one year.... 60 00 One Colnmn, one year .................. 100 00 Legal advertisements ten cents per Una each insertion. We do fine Job Printing of every de scription at reasonable rates, but It's cash ... WENK. ORE PUBL . bangh & Wenk Building, l BJCKT, TIONKSTA, FA. . H A Yer, Strictly la AaMM. second-class matter at the it Tioueula. rlptlon received for iborter u three months. ondence aoliolted, but no notloe ten of anonymous oommunlca .vsyi give your name. VOL. XLIII. NO. 39. TIONESTA, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1910. $1.00 PER ANNUM. on delivery. ICAN. HOUGH OFFICERS. -J. D. W. Reck. fth react G. A. Randall, D. . J. W. Tenders, J. T. Dale, iinson, Win. Smearbaugh, jC, W. O. Calhoun, A. IS, a Charles Clark. .- W. H. Hood. 'irectors J. 0. Heowdon, H. M. . jainionon, j. j. Landers, J oaepn Clark. ,T COUNTY OFFICERS. rofOongresH. P.Wheeler. r of Senate J. K. P. Hall. lyA. K. Mecbllng. nt Judae Win. K. RlnA ;( .ittfree-P. 0. Hill, Samuel i notary, BegitUr 4 Recorder , t. tfllNt, '-N. B. Maxwell, urer Geo. W, Holeman. iXiuionfiri Win. H. Harrison, J. iKiiii, ii. ii. Mouielian. :H Attorney V. A. Carringr. OommUiionert Ernest Kibble, Yagner. -r Dr. M. C Kerr. j Auditor Obotho H. Warden, egg anu J. r. Kelly. Purveyor D. W. Clark. y Superintendent D. W. Morrl- Iteaaliur Tttmt ( (lean.. :h Monday of February. rd Monday of May. our th Monday of September. Third Monday of November, ilar Meeting of County CommlS' 1st and 3d Tuesdays of month. Church mm Hakkalk Mchul. bvterlan Sabbath School at 9:45 a. . K. Sabbath School at 10:00 a. m. hlng In M. E. Church every Sab . nnlns by Kev. W. U. Calhoun. ulng In the F. M. Church every li evening at the usual hour. Rev. Ion roe, r astor. talon In tbe Presbyterian chiirob Sabbath at 11:00 a. in. and 7:30 p ev. H. A. liailey, Pastor. regular meetings of the W. C. T. i held at the headquarter on the 1 and fourth Tuesdays of - each SINESS DIRECTORY. ; EST A LODUK, No. 869, 1. 0. 0. F. ts every Tuesday evening, in Odd Hall, Partridge building. 'T. GEORGE STOW POST, No.274 . A. R. Meets 1st Tuesday after of each month at 3 o clock. . PT. GEORGE STOW CORPS, No. ,17, W. R. C, meets first and third .uesday evening of each month. RITCHEY, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, Tlonesta, Pa. A. CARRINGER. Attorney and Counsellor-at-Law. floe over Forest County National ; Building, TIONESTA, PA. ITIS M. SHAWKEY, ATTORNE Y-AT- LA W, Warren, Pa. Practice in Forest Co. 0 BROWN, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. Hoe In Arner Building, Cor. Elm Bridge Sts., Tlonesta, Pa. tANK 8. HUNTER, D. D. 8. Rooms over Citizens Nat. Rank, TIONESTA, PA. iR. F.J. BOVARD, ' Physician A Surgeon, TIONESTA, PA. '.yes Tested and Glasses Fitted. R. J. B. SIGGINS. Physician and Surgeon, OIL CITY, PA. JTEL WEAVER, C. F. WEAVER, Proprietor, lodern and up-to-date In all its ap- intmeiits. Every convenience and infort provided for the traveling public CENTRAL HOUSE, -J R. A. FULTON, Proprietor, lonseta, Pa. This is the uiostcentrally cated hotel In the place, and has all the lodern Improvements. No pains will 9 spared to make it a pleasant stopping laoe for the traveling public )HIL. EMERT FANCY BOOT A SHOEMAKER. Shop over R. L. Haslet's grocery store n Elm street. Is prepared to do all Inds nf nustom work from the finest to ie ooarsest and guarantees h's work to ive period satiBfaiition. Proi.ipt atten on (ilven to mending, and prices rea nable. Electrio Oil. Guaranteed for Rheumatism, Sprains, Sore Feet, Pains. An. At all denier. Strong and Garfield, the Best Waterproof Shoe marie for men. We ar sole agent. LAMMERS OIL CITY, PA. TAFT'S MESSAGE UP T0J50NGRESS President Breaks Record For Length of Document DEFENDS PAYNE TARIFF ACT. Deals With Panama Canal, Postal 8av ingi Bank, Parcels Post and Conser vationAsks For Raise of Judicial Salaries Recommendation For Fit ting Honor For Peary. Washington, Dec. O.-The president scut the following message to congress today: To the Sennto and IIoubo of Itepre sentnllves: miring iiig post yeor the foreign re unions of tlio United Stntes have con tliiuod upon a bus! of friendship nud good understanding. Tho year has boon notable ns wit nesslng tlio pacific settlement of two important Interna tlomil controversies before the" permanent court of The Hague. The arbitration of the fisheries dis puie between the United Stntes nud Great Britain, which has been the source of nearly continuous diplomatic correspondence since the fisheries con vention of 1818, has given an award which Is satisfactory to both pnrtles. Peace Commission. Appreciating these enlightened tend encles of modern times, the congress nt its last bcssIou passed n law provid ing for the nppolntment of n commis sion of five members "to bo appointed by the president of the United Stnlea to consider the expediency of utilizing existing International agencies for the purpose of limiting the armaments of the tuitions of tho world by internation al agreement and of constituting the combined navies of tho world au Inter national force for the preservation of universal peace and to consider and report upon any other means to dimin ish the expenditures of government for military purposes nud to lessen the probabilities of war." The work of the international fish eries commission appointed in 190S. under the treaty of April 11, 1008, be tween Great Britain and the United Stntes, has resulted In the formula tion nnd recommendation of uniform regulations governing -tlie fisheries -f the boundary waters of Canada nnd the United States for the purpose of protecting nnd Increasing the supply of food fish In such waters. The Far East. The center of Interest lu far eastern affairs-during the pnst year has again been China. It is gratifying to note that tlio ne gotiations for a loan to the Chinese government for the construction of tho trunk railway lines from Hankow southward to Canton and westward through the Ynngtse vnlley. known ns tho Ilukunng loan, were concluded by tho representatives of the various financial groups In May Inst nnd tho results approved by their respective governments. Tariff Negotiations. Tho new tnrllT law In section 2 re specting the maximum nnd minimum tariffs of the United States, which pro visions enmo Into effect ou April 1, 1910, Imposed upon the president tlio responsibility of determining prior to that date whether or not any unduo discrimination existed against tho United States nnd Its products In nny country of tho world with which we sustained commercial relations. The policy of broader nnd closer trnde relations with the Dominion of Canada which was Initiated In tho ad justment of tho maximum nud mini- mum provisions of the tnriff net of August, 190!), has proved mutually ben eficial. It justifies further efforts for the readjustment of the commercial relations of the two countries so that their commerce may follow the chan nels natural to contiguous countries nnd be commensurate with tlio steady expansion of trade nnd industry on both sides of the boundary line. The Department of State. All tariff negotiations, so vital to our commerce nnd Industry, nnd the duty of jealously guarding the equitable and just treatment of our products, capital and Industry abroad devolve upon the department of state. The efforts of that department to se cure for citizens of the United Stntes equal opportunities Jn the markets of the world nnd to expand Amerlcnn commorce have been most successful. The volume of business obtained In new fields of competition nnd upon new lines la already very great, and congress Is urged to continue to sup port tho department of state In Its en deavors for further trade expansion. An Instrumentality Indispensable to tho unhampered and natural develop ment of American commerce Is mer chant marine. All maritime nnd com mercial nations recognize the Impor tance of this factor. Tho greatest com mercial nations, our competitors, joal- ously foster their merchant marine. I alluded to this most Important sub ject In my last annual message. It has often been before you, and I need not recapitulate the reasons for Its recom mendation. Unless prompt action be taken tho completion of the ranama canal will find this the only groat com mercial nation unable to avail in Inter national maritime business of this great contribution to the means of the world's commercial Intercourse. For jinny reasons 1 cannot too strong ly urge upon tho congress the pnssngt of a measure by mail subsidy or othet subvention adequate to guarantee the establishment and rapid development of an American merchant marine, the restoration of the American flag to Its ancient place upon the seas. Eitimatei For Next Year'a Expenies. The final estimates for the year end ing Juno 30, 1J12, as they have beeu sent to the treasury on Nov. 29 of this year for the ordinary expenses of the government. Including those for pub lic buildings, rivers and harbors and the navy building program, amount to $(530,49-1.013.12. This Is $52,904,887.31) less than the appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1911. It is $10,88.1.153.4-1 less than the total est! mates. Including . suplementnl esti mates submitted-Ho congress by the treasury for the year 1911, and is $3, 571,059.39 less than the original esti mates submitted by the treasury for 1911. These figures do not include the np propridllons for the Tanauia canal, the policy in respect to which ought to be and Is to spend as much each year as can be economically and effectively ex pended in order to complete tho cuual 58 promptly as possible, and there fore the ordinary motive for cuttin down the expense of the government does not apply to appropriations for this pill-pone. It will be noted that the estimates for the I'annnm canal for the ensuing year are more than $00, 000,000,. au Increase of $20,000,000 over the amount appropriated for this year, a difference due to the fact that the estimates for 1912 include some thing over $19,000,000 for the fortlllca tlon of the canal. Against the estimates of expend! tures, $(;30.49-i,013.12, we have esti mated receipts for next year $US0,- 0i;o,(HK). making a probable surplus of ordinary receipts over ordinary ex peiiditures of about $50,000,000, or, taking Into account the estimates for the rami m:i canal, which are $5(,920,. 847.09 and which will ultimately be paid lu bonds, it will leave u deficit for the next year of about $7,000,000 If congress shall conclude to fortify the canal. The cost of the fortitlcutions is about $19,000,000. Should there be no appropriations this year for fortifi cations theu there would bo, even In cluding the Panama canal appropria tion, a surplus of about $12,000,000. It Is not essential to the preventing of smuggling that customs districts should be increased lu uumlier. The violation of the customs laws can be quite ns easily prevented and much more economically by the revenue cut ter service nud by the use of tho spe cial agent traveling force of the treas ury department. . Very great 'Improvements have been made in respect to the mints aud as say otlices. Diminished appropriations have been asked for those whose con tin milk e Is unnecessary, and this year's estimate of expenses is $320,000 less than two years ugo. In the bureau of engraving nnd printing great economies have been effected. Useless divisions hnvo beeu abolished, with the result of saving $140,000 this year In the total ex penses of the bureau despite Increased busluess. Revenues. As the treasury department Is the one through which the income of the government Is collected nud its expend Itures ore disbursed this seems s proper place to consider t lie operation of the existing tariff bill, which be came n law Aug. 0. 1909. As an in come producing measure the existing tariff bill has never been exceeded by any customs bill in the history of tho country. The corporation excise tax, propor tioned to the net Income of every busi ness corporation In the country, has worked well. 'The tax has beeu easily collected. Its prompt payment Indi cates that the Incidence of tho tax has not been heavy. It offers, moreover, an opportunity for knowledge by the government of the general condition and business of all corporations, and that melius by far the most Important part of the business of the country. In (lie original act provision was made for the publication of returns. This provision wos subsequently amended by congress nnd the matter left to the regulation of the president. 1 have di rected the Issue of the needed regula tions and have made it possible for the public generally to know from an ex amination of the record the returns of all corporations the stock of which is listed on any public stock exchange or Is offered for sale to the general pub lic by advertisement or otherwise. The returns of those corporations whose stock Is not so listed or offered for sale are directed to be open to the in spection and ox n in i mi t ion of creditors and stockholders of the corporation whose record Is sought. . The returns of nil corporations are subject to the Inspection of any government officer or to tho examination of any court, in which tho return niado by tho corpora tion is rolovunt nnd coinpoteut evi dence. The Payne Tariff Act The schedules of the rates of duty In the I'ayne tariff net have been sub jected to a great deal of criticism, some of It just, more of It unfounded, and to much misrepresentation. The net was adopted In .pursuance of a declaration by the party which U re sponsible for It that a customs bill Bhould be a tariff for the protection of home industries, the measure of the protection to be the difference between the cost of producing the Imported ar ticle abroad and the cost of producing It nt hone, together with such addi tion to that difference as might give t reasonable profit to the homo pro ucit. The basis for the criticism of this iarilT is that In respect to a number of tho schedules the declared measure was not followed, but n higher differ ence retained or Inserted by way of undue discrimination in favor of cer tain Industries and mauufnctiii-es. Little, If any. of the criticism of the tariff has been directed against the protective principle above stated, but the main body of the criticism has been based on the charge that the attempt to conform to the measure of protec tion was not honestly nnd sincerely ad hered tp. Tariff Board. Tho time In which the tnriff was pre pared undoubtedly was so short ns lo make it Impossible for the congress and Its experts to acquire the Informa tion necessary strictly to conform to the declared measure. In order to avoid criticism of this kind In the future and for the purpose of more nearly conform ing to the party promise congress at Its Inst session made provision at my re quest for the continuance of n board cre ated under the authority of the maxi mum nud minimum clause of the tariff bill nnd authorized this board to expend the money appropriated under my di rection for the ascertainment of the cost of production at home and abroad of the various articles included in the schedules of the tariff. The tariff board thus appointed and authorized has been diligent In preparing Itself for the necessary investigations. The hope of those who have advocated the use of this board for tariff purposes Is that the question of the rate of a duty Im posed shall become more of a business question and less of a political ques tion, to be ascertained by experts of long training and accurate knowledge. The halt in business and the shock to business due to-the announcement that a new tariff bill Is to bo prepared and put in operation will be avoided by treating the schedules one by one as occasion shall arise for a change In the rates of each and only after a report upon tho schedule by the tariff board competent to make such report. It Is not likely that the board will lie able to make a report during the pres ent session of congress ou uny of the schedules, because a proper examina tion involves an enormous amount of detnil and a great deal of care, but I hoie to be nble ut the opening of the new congress, or at least during the session of that congress, to bring to Its attention the facts In regard to those schedules In the present tariff that may prove to need amendment. The currying out of tills plau. of course. Involves the full co-operntlon of congress In limiting the considera tion in tnriff matters to one schedule at n time, because If a proposed amend ment to a turnr mil is to involve n complete consideration of all the schedules nnd another revision then we shall only repent the evil from which the business of this country has In times pnst suffered most grievously by stagnation and uncertainty, pend his. a resettlement of n law affecting all business directly or Indirectly, and the effect of which no wise business man would Ignore In new projects and new Investments. The Inquiries which the members of the tariff board made during the Inst summer into the methods pursued by other governments with reference to tho fixing of tariffs nnd the determina tion of their effect upon trndo show that each government maintains nn of fice or bureau, the officers nnd em ployees of which have made their life work the study of tariff matters, of foreign nnd home prices and cost of nrticles Imported and the effect of tho tariff upon trade, so that whenever a change Is thought to be necessary in the tariff law this office is the source of the most reliable information ns to the propriety of the change and its ef fect I am strongly convinced that we need In tills government Just such nn office and that It can be secured by making the tariff board already ap pointed n permanent tariff commission, with such duties, powers and emolu ments as It may seem wise to congress to give. It has been proposed to en large the board from three to five. The present number Is convenient, but I do not know that nn Increase of two members would be objectionable. I recommend that congress establish a commission to determine ns early ns practicable n comprehensive policy for the organization, mobilization and ad ministration of the regular nrmy, the organized militia and the volunteer forces In the event of war. Need For Additional Officer.. One of the great difficulties in tho prompt organization and mobilization of militia aud volunteer forces Is tho absence of competent ofllcers of the rank of captain to teach the new army, by the unit of tho company, the busl uess of being soldiers and of taking euro of themselves so ns to render ef fective service. This need of army ofllcers can only be supplied by pro visions of law authorizing the appoint ment of n greater number of nrmy of ficers thnn nre needed to supply the commands of regular army troops now enlisted In the service. In oitler that the militia of each stale should be properly drilled and made more like the regular army, reg ular army ofllcers should be detulled .to assist the adjutant general of each state lu the supervision of the state inllltia. lint tills Is Impossible unless provision Is made by congress for a very considerable Increase In the num ber of company and field officers of the nrmy. Fortifications. have directed that tho estimates for appropriation for the improvement of coast defenses In the United States should be reduced to a minimum. wlille those for the completion of the needed fortifications nt Orrcgldor. In the l'lillipplne Islands, and at IVnrl Harbor. In the Hawaiian Islands, should be expedited as much as possi ble. Philippine Islands. During the last summer at my re quest the secretary of war visited the l'lillipplne Islands und has described his trip in his report. He found the Islands in a state of tranquillity and growing prosperity, due largely to the change In the tariff laws which has opened the markets of America to the products of the Philippines and has opened the Philippine markets to American manufactures. Panama Canal. At the instance of Colonel Goefhals, tho army engineer officer lu charge of the work on the Piuuimn canal, I have Just made a visit to the isthmus to In spect the work done nnd to consult with him ou the ground ns to certain problems which nre likely to nrlse lu the near future. The progress of the work Is most satisfactory. If no un expected olistncle presents itself the i-nnnl will be completed well within the lime fixed by Colonel (ioethnls to wit, Jan. 1, 191.5 nnd within' tho estimate of cost, $375,000,000. Among questions arising for present solution Is the decision whether tho canal shall be fortified. I have already stated to the congress that I strongly favor fortification, and I now reiterate this opinion and nsk your consideration of the subject In the light of the report already before you made by a compe tent board. If lu our discretion we believe mod ern fortifications to lie necessary to tho adequate protection nnd policing of the canal, then It Is our duty to construct them. We have built the canal, it Is our property. By convention we have Indicated our desire for and Indeed un dertaken Its universal and equal use It is also well known that one of the chief objects in the construction of the canal has been to increase the military effectiveness of our navy. Failure to fortify the canal would leave the attainment of both these alms in the position of rights nnd ob ligations which we should lie powerless to enforce and which could never in any other way be absolutely safeguard ed against n despernto nnd Irresponsi ble enemy. In determining what the tolls In the canal should be we certainly ought not to Insist that for a good many years to come they should amount to enough to pay the Interest ou the Investment of $400,000,000 which the United Stntes has made in the construction of the cnnal. We ought not to do this, first, because the benefits to be derived by tho United Stntes from this ex penditure are not to be measured solely by a return upon the Investment My own impression Is that the tolls ought not to exceed $1 per net ton. On Jan. 1, 1911, the tolls In the Suez canal nre to be 7 francs nnd 28 centimes for one net ton by Suez cnunl measure ment, which is a mollification of Danube measurement. A dollar a ton will secure under the figures above n gross nniiK"! Income from the funnum canal of nearly $7,000,000. The cost of maintenance nud operation Is esti mated to exceed $3,000,000. The next question that arises Is ns to the maintenance, management nud general coutrol of the cnunl nfter Its completion. It should be premised that It Is nn essential part of our nnvy establishment to have the coal, oil nud other ship supplies, a drydock nnd repair shops conveniently located with reference to naval vessels passing through the cnnnl. Now. If the govern ment for naval purposes Is to under take to furnish these conveniences to the navy, and they nre conveniences equally required by commercial ves sels, there would seem to be stroug reasons why the government should tako over and Include in Its manage ment 'the furnishing uot only to the nnvy, but to the public, drydock nnd repair shop facilities and the sale of coal, oil and other ship supplies. Tho maintenance of a lock canal of this enormous size In a sparsely popu lated country nnd In the tropics, where the dnnper from disease Is nlways present, requires a large nnd complete and well trained organization with full police powers, exercising the ut most care. I cannot close this reference to the canal without suggesting as a wise amendment to the Interstate commerce luw a provision prohibiting Interstate commerce railroads from owning or controlling ships engaged In the trado through the Panama canal. I believe such a provision mny be needed to save to tho people of the United States the benefits of the competition In trade between the eastern and western sea boards which this cannl was construct ed to securo. Department of Justice. I nm glad to say that under the ap propriations made for the department of Justice the attorney general has so Improved Its organization that a vast amount of litigation of a civil nnd criminal character has been disposed of during the current year Tills will explain tlie necessity for slightly In creasing tlie estimates for the ex penses of the department. Ills report shows tlio recoveries made on behalf of tlie government, of duties fraudu lently withheld, public lands Improp erly patented, flues and penalties for trespass, prosecutions and convict Ions under the anti-trust law and prosecu tions under Interstate commerce law. I Invite especial attention fo I he prosecutions under the federal law of the so called "bucket shops" and of those schemes to defraud In which the use of the mall Is an essential part of the fraudulent conspiracy, prosecu iions which have saved Ignorant and weak members of the public and nre (living them millions of dollars. The violations of the null trust law present perhaps the most Important litigation before the department, nnd the number of cases tiled shows tu activity of the government in enforc ing that statute. Judicial Procedure. One great crying need In tlio United States is cheapening the cost of litign Hon by simplifying Judicial procedure nnd expediting final Judgment Under present conditions the poor man is at a woeful disadvantage in u legal con test with a corporation or a rich op ponent The necessity for the reform exists both in United Stntes courts nnd in all state courts. In order to bring It about, however, it naturally falls to the general government by Its. example to furnish a model to all states. A legislative commission ap pointed by Joint resolution of congress to revise the procedure in the United Stntes courts has ns yet mndo no re port. I nm strongly convinced thnt the best method of improving Judicial pro cedure nt law is to empower tho su preme court to do it through the me dium of the rules of the court, ns in equity. This is the wny In which it has been done in England. Relief of Supreme Court From Un necessary Appeals. No mnn ought to hnve ns a matter of right a review of his case by tlie su preme court. He should be satisfied by one hearing before a court of first instance and one review by a court of appeals. The proper and chief useful ness of the supreme court, uud espe cially the supreme court of the United States, is in the cases which come be fore It so to expound the Inw and espe cially the fundamental law the con stitution ns to furnish precedents for the Inferior courts In future litigation and for the executive officers in the construction of statutes and the per formance of their legal duties. There fore any provisions for review of cases by the supreme court that cast upon that court t.'ie duty of passing on ques tions of evidence and the construction of particular forms of Instruments, like Indictments or wills or contracts, de cisions not of geuernl application or importance, merely clog and burden the court nnd render more difficult Its higher fuuetion, which makes It so Im portant n part of the framework of our government. The supreme court Is now carrying an unnecessary burden of appeals of this kind, and I earnestly urge that It be removed. Judicial Salaries. I further recommend to congress the passage of the bill now pending for the Increase in tlie salaries of tlie fed eral Judges, by which the chief Justice of tho supreme court shall receive $17, D00 nnd the nssoelate Justices $17,000, the circuit Judges constituting the cir cuit court of appeals shall receive $10, 000 and the district Judges $9,000. The positions they occupy ought to be filled by nieu who hove shown tlie greatest ft rxT ability in their professional work a the bar, and it Is tlie poorest econom possible for the government to nn salaries so low for Judicial service as not to be able to command the best talent of the legal profession lu every pan or the country. Wiping Out of Postal Deficit For ninny years there lias been deficit In the operations of the post ofllce depurtment which has been met by appropriation from the treasurv. Tlie appropriation estimated for last year from the treasury over nnd nbove the receipts of the department wns $17,500,000. I nm glad to record the fact that of that $17,500,000 estimated for $11,500,000 were saved and return ed to tlie treasury. It Is gratifying to report that tlie reduction In the deficit has beeu accomplished without any curtailment of postal facilities. Upon tlie recommendation of tlie postmaster general I have Included In the classified service all assistant post masters, und I believe that this giving a secure tenure to those who nre the most Important subordinates of post masters will add much to the efficiency of their offices and nn economical ad ministration. The Franking Privilege. The unrestricted manner in which the franking privilege Is now being used by the several federal services nud by congress has laid It open to se rious abuses. Parcels Post With respect to the xrcols post. I respectfully recommend Its adoption ou all rural delivery routes and that eleven pounds, the international limit, bo made the limit of carriage lu such post The postolllce department has n great plant nnd n great organization, reaching Into the most remote hamlet of tlie United States, and with tills machinery It is able to do a great many tilings economically that if a new organization were necessary It would be Impossible to do without ex travagant expenditure. That Is the reason why the poslal savings bank can be carried on nt n small additional cost and why It Is possible to Incor porate at a very Inconsiderable ex- penso a parcels post lu the rural de livery system. Peary. I unite with the secretary In the rec ommendation that an appropriation be made to construct n suitable crypt nt Annapolis for the custody of tho remnins of John Paul Jones. Tlio unparalleled achievement of Peary In reaching the north pole, April 1909, approved by critical examina tion of the most expert scientists, bus added to tlie distinction of our navy, to which he belongs, and reflects credit upon his country. Ills unique success has received generous acknowledgment from scientific bodies nnd Institutions 'of leornlng in Kurope and Anierlcn. I recommend fitting recognition bv con gress of the great achievement of Rob ert Edwin IVnry. For Eight Hour Day. It seems to me from the past lilstorv lnt the government has been com- Uiitted to a policy of eucouragiuj the limitation of the day's work to eight hours in all works of construction initi ated by itself, and it seems to me Il logical to inn In tain n difference between government work done on government soil and government work doue in a private establishment Workmen's Compeniation. In view of the keen, widespread in terest now felt In the United Stntes In a system of compensation for Indus trial accidents to supplnnt our present thoroughly unsatisfactory system of employers' liability (a subject the im portance of which" congress has al ready recognized by the apiolntmcnt of a commission),..! recommend thnt the International congress on Indus trial insurance be Invited to hold its ' meeting In 1013 In Washington nnd that an appropriation of $10,000 be made to cover the necessary expenses of organizing nnd carrying on the meeting. Safety Appliances and Provisions. The protection of railroad employees from personal Injury is a subject of the highest importance and demands continuing attention. Negro Expotition. I also renew my recommendation that steps be taken looking to the hold lug of n negro exposition In celebra tion of the fiftieth anniversary of the issuing by Mr. Lincoln of the emanci pation proclamation. Conservation. Nothing can be more Important in the mntter of conservation than the trentment of our forest lands. Speak ing generally, the govern i'iit has re served of the existing forests about 70 per cent of all the tlmberlands of the government Within these forests (In cluding 20,000,000 acres in two forests In Alaska) are 192.000,000 acres, of which 100,000.000 acres nre In the United Stntes proper nnd include with in their boundaries something like 22. 000,000 ncrcs thnt belong to the stntes or to private Individuals. We hnve, then, excluding Alaska forests, n totnl of about 144,000,000 ncres of forests belonging to the government which nre being fronted in nccord with the principles of scientific forestry. The Inw now prohibits the reserva tion of nny more forest Innds in Ore gon, Washington, Idaho, Montana. Colorado nnd Wyoming except by net of congress. I nm Informed by the deportment of agriculture that the government owns other tracts of tlm berlnnd In these stntes which should be Included lu the forest reserves. 1 recommend to congress thnt the limi tation herein imposed be repealed. In the present forest reserves there nre hinds which nre not properly forest Innd nnd which ought to be subject to; homestead entry. Coal Lands. The next subject, und one most im portant for .your consideration. Is tho .disposition of the coal lands In the Jnlted States and In Alaska. At the beginning of this administration there were classified coal lands In the Unit ed States amounting to f,47(5.000 acres, and there were withdrawn from entry for purposes of classification 17.807.000 ncres. Since that time there have been withdrawn by my order from entry for classification 78,977,745 ncrcs, mak ing a total withdrawal of 0(5.844.743 ncres. Meantime of the ncres thus withdrawn 10,001,889 have been classi fied and found not to contain coal nnd have been restored to agricultural en try atal-4,720,091 acres have been clas sified ns conl Innds, while 79.903J239 (teres remain withdrawn from entry nnd nw,nit classification. In nddltion 337.000 acres have been classified as coal lands without prior withdrawal, thus Increasing the classified conl Innds to 10,429,372 ncres. The question ns to how grent an nren ought to be Included In n lease to one individual or corporation Is not free from difficulty, but In view of the fnct that tho government rernins con trol ns owner I think there might be ' some liberality In tho amount leased nnd thnt 2.500 acres would not be too grent n maximum. The lenses should only be granted nfter advertisement nnd public competition. The secretary of tlie Interior thinks there are dlllicultles In the way of leasing public coal lands. I entirely approved his stating nt length in his report the objections In order thnt the whole subject mny be presented to congress, but nfter n full consideration I favor a leasing system and recom mend It The needed oil nnd gns law Is essen tially a leasing Inw. In their natural occurrence oil and gas cannot be measured In terms of ncres, like coal, nnd it follows thnt exclusive title to these products enn normally be se cured only after they reach the sur face. Oil should be disposed of as a commodity In terms of barrels of transportable product rather than In ocres of real estate. Water Power Rates. The water power sites subject is one that calls for new legislation. It hus been thought that there was danger of combination to obtain possession of nil tho power sites nnd to unite them under one control. Whatever the evi dence of this or lack of it, at prcseut we have had enough experience to know that combination would be prof itable, nnd- the control of n grent num- ber of power sites would enable the holders or owners to raise tl.r. price of power at will within certain sec tions, nnd tlie temptation would promptly attract investors, and the . danger of monopoly nml extortion would not be a re-moto one. . ' However this mny be. It Is th7itrfrr"---' duty of the government to to it that In the utilization nml rJcvrrt,- ment of nil this Immense w -water power conditions hal f I ( ioseu mm win prevent w; chnrges, which ar the nuB't n L uUaieut of monopoly.
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