o ., . I RATES OW ADVERTISING! One Square, one Inch, one week... 1 00 One Square, one inch, one month. S 00 One Square, one inch, 3 months.... 6 00 One Square, one inch, one year .... 10 10 Two Squares, one year.............. 16 00 Quarter Column, one year B0 00 Half Column, one year. 60 00 One Column, one year .................. 100 00 Legal advertisements ten cents per line each Insertion. We do fine Job Printing of every de scription at reasonable rates, but it's oasb on delivery. -y etiiioHUtiy by a. WENK. . urbatigh tt Wenk Building, KTBBKT, TIOMK8TA, PA., . 0 A Year, Strictly la Adraaee. as second-olase matter t the Ht Tloneala. .iiription reoelved for shorter m three months, ondence solicited, but no notice ken of anonymous oorumunlca i way give your name. EPUBL r m ill be I fire in I UK CHl IE GUftf VOL. XLIII. NO. ,39. TIONESTA, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1910. $1.00 PER ANNUM. oau rut Fores ID JK IGAN. t it fl 0 I) ? It mis, banl f sestaJ mis, ban I )KOUGH OFFICERS. .-J. D. VvTReck. of the Peace O. A. Randall, D. i-n. J.W. Landera, J. T. Dale, ihlnsnn, Wui. Bmearbaugh, yoe, W. O. Calhoun, A. It. le Charles Clark. W. H. Hood. Hrectora J. O. Seowden, It. M. . Jainieson, J. J, Landors, J. iosepb Clark. T COUNTY OFFICERS. r of Oongreni N. P. Wheeler, r of Senate 1. IC. P. Uall. bly A. H. Meebllng. rnt Judge Win. E. Klce. ate Judgei-V. C. Hill, Samuel I J notary, Ji j "f r-H. it. Mi fc "I .urer Geo. Rtgitttr Recorder t . . Maxwell. W. iloleman. uiMumer Win. II. Hurrlson, J. r ndl, II. II. MoClellan. ict Attorney M. A. Carrlngnr. OommUnionert Ernest Sibbte, Wagner. er Dr. M. C Kerr. to l ItOCt GrntV Auditors Oeorue H. Warden, regg and J. P. Kelly. !rurvor D. W. Clark. Ian jf Superintendent D. W. Morrl- th Monday of February. Ird Monday of May. fourth Monday of September. Tblrd Monday of November, ilar Meeting of County Com in Is- r I ( 4 1st and 3d Tuesdays of montti. i CWch.B-.,h..l. T I byterlan Sabbath School at 9:45 a. E ' . K. Sabbath School at 10:00 a. m. E l filing in M. E. Church every Sab- venlng by Rev. W. O. Calhoun. T , ihlng in the F. M. Church every u evening at the usual hour. Kev. .vfonroe, Pastor. ohlng in the Presbyterian church Habhalh at 11:00 a. iu. and 7:30 p. ev. H. A. itadey, Pastor. , v ' regular meetings of the w. U. r. V i held at the headquarters on the I and fourth Tuesdays of each 3INESS DIRECTORY. ESTA LODU K, No. 369, 1. 0. 0. F. its every Tuosday evening, in Odd .vs' Hall, Partridge building. ,'T. GEORGE STOW POST, No. 274 1. A. K. Meets 1st Tuesday after i of each month at 3 o'clock. PT. GEORGE STOW CORPS, No. 1J7, W. R. C, meeU first and third iuesday evening of each month. F. RITCHKY, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, Tlonesla, Pa. A. CARRINGElt, Attorney and Counsellor-at-Law. Hoe over Forest County National c Building, TIONESTA, PA. tTIS M. 8HAWKEY. ATTORN EY-AT-LA W, Warren, Pa. Practice in Forest Co. O BROWN, ATTORN EY-AT-LAW, fftoeln Arner Building, Cor. Elm i Bridge Sts., Tionesta, Pa. ' tANK S. HUNTER, D. D. 8. Rooms over Citizens Nat. Rank, TIONESTA, PA. R. F.J. BOVARD, ' Physician A Surgeon, TIONESTA, PA. Syes Tested and Glasses Fitted. R. J. B. BIGGINS. Physician and Surgeon, OIL CITY, PA. jtfEL WEAVER, C. F. WEAVER, Proprietor, iodern and up-to-date in all its ap lutments. Every convenience and imfort provided for the traveling public. riENTRAL HOUSE, V R. A. FULTON, Proprietor, "ionaela, Pa. This is the most centrally rated hotel in the place, and baa all the uodern improvement!). No pains will o spared to make lt.a pleasant stopping lace for the traveliug public 1HIL. EMERT FANCY BOOT A SHOEMAKER. Shop over R. L. Haslet's grocery store n.Elm street. Is prepared to do all adds of custom work from the finest to he coarsest and guarantees his work to ive perfoel isaAjgfaction. Prompt atten- on iven tTAiding, and prices rea dable. lectrio Oil. Guaranteed for Rheumatism, Sprains, Sore Keet. Pains. An. At all dealers Strong and Garfield, the Best v Waterproof Shoe matlp for men. We arft sole agent, LAMMERS OIL CITY, PA. TAR'S MESSAGE UP TOJJONGRESS President Breaks Record For Length of Document. DEFENDS PAYNE TARIFF ACT, Dealt With Panama Canal, Postal Sav ings Bank, Parcels Post and Conser vation Aks For Raise of Judicial Salaries Recommendation For Fit ting Honor For Peary. WiisliiiiBton, Dec. (I.-Tlie president sent tho 'following message to cougreHg today: To the Senate ond House of Itopie srntn lives: During the past year the foreign re lations or tlio United States have con tinued upon a basis of friendship mid good understanding. The year has been notable ns wit nessing tho paclllc settlement of two important International controversies before the' permanent court of The Hague. The arbitration of the fisheries dis pute between the United States nnd Great Britain, which has been tho source of nearly continuous diplomatic correspondence since the fisheries con vention of 181S. has given nn award which is satisfactory to both parties. Peace Commission. Appreciating these enlightened tend encies of modern times, the congress at its last session passed n law provid ing for tho appointment of n commis sion of five members "to be appointed by the presldeut of the United Stales to consider the expediency of utilizing existing International agencies for the purpose of limiting the armaments of the nations of the world by Internation al agreement and of constituting the combined navies of the world nn lnter nnllonal force for tho preservation of universal peace and to consider nnd report upon any other means to dimin ish the expenditures of government for military purposes and to lessen the probabilities of war." The work of the International fish eries commission appointed In l'.HJS. under tho treaty of April 11, 1!HI8, be tween Great Britain nnd the United States, has resulted In the formula tion nnd recommendation of uniform regulations governing the fisheries -f the boundary waters of Canada nud tho United States for the purpose of protecting nnd Increasing the supply of food fish In such waters. The Far East. The center of Interest iu far eastern affairs-during the past year has again been China. It U gratifying to note that the ne gotiations for a loan to the Chinese government for the construction of tho trunk railway lines from Hankow southward to Canton nud westward through the Ynngtse valley, known ns the Ilukunng loan, were concluded by the representatives of tho various financial groups In May last and tho results approved by their respective governments. Tariff Negotiations. Tho new tariff law In section 2 re specting the maximum nnd minimum tariffs of tho United States, which pro visions cauio Into effect on April 1, 1910, Imposed upon the president tho responsibility of determining prior to that date whether or not nny unduo discrimination existed against tho United States nnd Its products In any country of tho world with which we sustained commercial relations. The policy of broader nnd closer trndo relations with tho Dominion of Canada which was initiated In the ad justment of tho maximum and mini, mum provisions of the tariff net of August, 1900, has proved mutually ben eficial. It justifies further efforts for the readjustment of the commercial relations of the two countries so that their commerce may follow the chan nels natural to contiguous countries and bo commensurate with tho steady expansion of trade nnd industry on both sides of the boundary lino. The Department of State. All tariff negotiations, so vital to our commerce and Industry, nnd the duty of jealously guarding the equitable and just treatment of our products, capital and industry abroad devolve upon tho department of state. Tho efforts of that department to se cure for cltlnens of the United States equal opportunities in the markets of the world and to oxpami American commerce have been most successful. The volume of business obtained In new fields of competition nnd upon new lines Is nlrendy very great, nnd congress Is urged to contlnuo to sup port tho department of stato In Its eu doavors for further trndo expansion. Au Instrumentality Indispensable to tho unhampered nnd natural develop ment of American commerce Is mer chant marine. All maritime nnd com mercial nations recognl.o tho Impor tance of this factor. Tho greatest com mercial nations, our competitors, Jeal ously foster their merchant marine. I alluded to this most Important sub ject In my last annual message. It has often been before you, and I need not recapitulate the reasons for Its recom mendation. Unless prompt action be taketi the completion of the Panama canal will find this the only great com mercial nation unable to avail In Inter national maritime business of this great contribution to the means of the world's commercial Intercourse. Fornnny reasons I cannot tooslrong ly urge iipon the congress the pnssag of n measure by mall subsidy or othei subvention adequate to guarantee the establishment and rapid development of an American merchant marine, the restoration of the American Aug to Its ancient place upon the seas. Estimates For Next Year's Expenses. The final estimates for the year end ing June 30, 1J12, ns they have been sent to the treasury on Nov. 9 of this year for the ordinary expenses of the government, Including those for pub lic buildings, rivers and harbors nud the navy building program, amount to $(!30.-194.013.12. This is ?.j2.0(i4,887.aij less than the appropriations for the fiscal year ending Juno 30, 1911. It is $1(1,8X1.133.44 less than the total esti mates, Including supleuieiital esti mates submitted to congress by the treasury for the year 1911, nnd is $.', 57 1. (139.39 less than the original esti mates submitted by the treasury for 1911. These figures do not Include the ap propriations for tho Panama canal, the policy In respect to which ought to be and Is to spend as much each year ns can be economically mid effectively ex pended iu order to complete the caual as promptly as possible, nnd there fore the ordinary motive for cutting down tho expense of the government does not apply to appropriations for this purpose. It will be noted that the estimates for the Panama canal for the ensuing year are more than $3(i, OOO.OiH), an Increase of $20,000,000 over the amount appropriated for this year, a difference due to the fact that the estimates for 1912 include some thing over $19,000,000 for tho fortifica tion of the canal. Against the estimates of expendi tures, $0311. 191,013.12, we have esti mated receipts for next year $080. 0C(,(iii(t, making a probable surplus of ordinary receipts over ordinary ex penditures of about $30,000,000, or, taking Into account the estimates for the Panama canal, which are $30,920, 847.09 and which will ultimately be paid Iu bonds. It will leave a deficit for the next year of about $7,000,000 if congress shall conclude to fortify the canal. The cost of the fortifications Is about $19,0tKi,()l)0. Should there be no appropriations this year for fortifi cations then there would be, even in cluding tlie Panama canal appropria tion, a surplus of about $12,00,000. It is not essential to the preventing of smuggling that customs districts should be increased lu number. The violation of the customs laws can be quite as easily prevented and much more economically by the revenue cut ter service and by the uso of the spe cial agent traveling force of the treas ury department. Tory great Improvements have been made In respect to the mints nnd ns say otlices. Diminished appropriations have been asked for those whose con tinuance Is unnecessary, nnd this year's estimate of expenses is $320,000 less than two years ago. lu the bureau of engraving nnd printing great economies have been effected. Useless divisions have been abolished, with the result of saving $140,000 this year In the total ex penses of the bureau despite Increased business. Revenues. As the treasury department Is the one through which the income of the government Is collected and its expend itures nro disbursed tills seems q proper place to consider the operation of the existing tariff bill, which bo canie n law Aug. (1. 1909. As an In come producing measure the existing tariff bill has never been exceeded by any customs bill in the history of tho country. The corporation excise tax, propor tioned to the net Income of every busi ness corporation In the country, has worked well. ' The lux has been oasily collected. Its prompt payment Indi cates that the Incidence of the tax has not been heavy. It offers, moreover, nn opportunity for knowledge by tho government of the general condition nnd business of all corporations, and that means by far the most important part of the business of the country. In the original act provision was made for the publication of returns. This provision was subsequently amended by congress and the matter left to the regulation of the president. 1 have di rected the issue of the needed regula tions and have made it possible for the public generally to know from nn ex amination of the record the returns of all corporations the stot'k of which is listed on any public stock exchange or Is offered for sale to t lie general pub lic by advertisement or otherwise. The returns of those corporations whose stock Is not so listed or offered for sale are directed to be open to the in spection and examination of creditors and stockholders of the corporation whose record is sought. The returns of all corporations are subject to tho Inspection of nny government officer or to tho examination of any court. In A'hlch tho return made by the corpora tion Is relevant and competent evi dence. The Payne Tariff Act The schedules of the rates of duty In the Payne tariff act have been sub jected to a great deal of criticism, some of It just, more of It unfounded, nnd to much misrepresentation. The act was adopted In pursuance of a declaration by the party which is re sponsible for It that n customs bill should be n tariff for the protection of home industries, the measure of the protection to be the difference between the cost of producing the Imported ar ticle abroad and the cost of producing It at hone, together with such addi tion to that difference as might give l reasonable profit to the home pro (leer. The basis for the criticism of this tariff Is that In respect to a number 3f the schedules the declared measure was unt followed, but n higher differ ence retained or Inserted by way of undue discrimination In favor of cer tain Industries and manufactures. Little, If any. of the criticism of the tariff has been directed against the protective principle above stated, but tho main body of the criticism has been based on the charge that the attempt to conform to the measure of protec tion was not honestly nnd sincerely ad hered tp. Tariff Board. Tho time In which the tariff wns pre pared undoubtedly was so short ns to make It Impossible for the congress nnd its experts to acquire the Informa tion necessary strictly to conform to the declared measure. In order to avoid criticism of this kind In the future nud for the purpose of more nearly con form ing to the parly promise congress at Its last session made provision at my re quest for tlie continuance of a hoard cre ated under the authority of the maxi mum and minimum clause of the tariff bill nnd authorized this board to expend the money appropriated under my di rection for the ascertainment of the cost of production at home and abroad of the various articles Included Iu the schedules of the tariff. Tlie tariff board thus appointed and authorized has been diligent In preparing Itself for the necessary Investigations. The hope of those who have advocated the use of this hoard for tariff purposes Is that the question of the rate of a duty Im posed shall become more of a business question nnd less of a political ques tion, to be ascertained by experts of long training and accurate knowledge. The halt In business nnd the shock to business due to-the announcement that n new tariff bill Is to be prepared and put In operation will be avoided by treating the schedules one by one as occasion shall arise for a change In the rates of each and only after a report upon the schedule by the tariff board competent to make such report. It is not likely that the board will be able lo make n report during the pres ent session of congress on any of the schedules, because a proper examina tion Involves an enormous amount of detail and n great deal of rare, but I hope to be nble at the opening of the new congress, or at least during the session of that congress, to bring to its attention the facts In regard to those schedules In the present tariff that may prove to need amendment. The carrying out of this plan, of course, Involves the full co-operntlon of congress In limiting the considera tion in tariff matters to one schedule at n lime, because If a proposed amend ment to n tariff bill Is to Involve n complete consideration of all the schedules and another revision then we shall only repent the evil from which the business of this country has In times past suffered most grievously by stagnation and uncertainty, pend ing n resettlement of n law affecting nil business directly or indirectly, nnd the effect of which no wise business man would Ignore in new projects nnd new Investments. The inquiries which the members of the tariff board made during the last summer into the methods pursued by other governments with reference to the fixing of tariffs and the determina tion of their effect upon trade show that each government maintains an of fice or bureau, the officers nnd em ployees of which have made their life work tho study of tariff matters, of foreign anil home prices and cost of articles Imported and the effect of the tariff upon trade, so that whenever n change Is thought to be necessary In the tariff law this olllce is the source of the most reliable information ns to the propriety of the change and Us ef fect I am strongly convinced that we need In this government Just such nn office nnd that it can be secured by making the tariff board already ap pointed n permanent tariff commission, with such duties, powers anil emolu ments as it may seem wise to congress to give. It has been proposed to en large tlie board from three to (ho. The present number Is convenient, but 1 do not know that an Increase of two members would be objectionable. I recommend that congress establish n commission to determine as early ns practicable a comprehensive policy for the organization, mobilization and ad ministration of tlie regular army, the organized militia and the volunteer forces in the event of war. Need For Additional Officers. One of the great difficulties In tho prompt organization and mobilization of militia and volunteer forces is tho absence of competent officers of the rank of captain to teach the new army, by the unit of tho company, the busi ness of being soldiers and of taking care of themselves so as to render ef fective service. This need of army officers can only be supplied by pro visions of law authorizing the appoint ment of a greater number of army of ficers than are needed to supply the commands of regular army troops now enlisted In tho service. Iu order that the militia of each stale should be properly drilled and made more like the regular army, reg ular army officers should be detailed to assist the adjutant general of each state In the supervision of tho state militia. Hut this Is Impossible unless provision Is made by congress for n very considerable Increase In tlie num ber of company and field ollicers of tho army. Fortifications. I have directed that the estimates for appropriation for the improvement of coast defenses In the United States should be reduced to a minimum, wlille those for the completion of the needed fortifications nt Corregldnr. In the Philippine Islands, and at IVarl Harbor, in the Hawaiian Islands, should bo expedited as much as possi ble. Philippine Islands. During the last summer nt my re quest the secretary of war visited the Philippine Islands and has described his trip in his report. He found the islands in n state of tranquillity nnd growing prosperity, due largely to the change lu the tariff laws which has opened the markets of America to the products of the Philippines and has opened the Philippine markets to American manufactures. Panama Canal. At the Instance of Colonel Goefhals, the nriiiy engineer officer In charge of the work on the Panama canal, I have just made a visit to the isthmus to in spect the work done and to consult with li i til on the ground ns to certain problems which are likely to arise In the near future. The progress of the work Is most satisfactory. If no un expected obslnelo presents Itself the canal will be completed well within the lime fixed by Colonel Goethals to wit, -Tan. 1, 1913 and within' the estimate of cost, $373,000,000. Among questions arising for present solution Is the decision whether the canal shall be fortified. I have already stated to the congress that I strongly favor fortification, and I now reiterate tills opinion and ask your consideration of the subject In the light of the report already before you made by a compe tent board. If In our discretion we believe mod ern fortifications to be necessary to tho adequate protection and policing of the canal, then it Is our duty to construct them. We have built the canal. It Is our property. By convention we have indicated our desire for and Indeed un dertaken Its universal and equal use It is also well known thai one of the chief objects In the construction of tlie canal has been to Increase the military effectiveness of our navy. Failure to fortify the canal would leave the attainment of both these alms In the position of rights and ob ligations which we should be powerless to enforce and which could never in any other way be absolutely safeguard ed against a desperate and Irresponsi ble enemy. In determining what the tolls In the canal should be we certainly ought not to Insist that for a good many years to come they should amount to enough to pay the Interest on the Investment of $400,000,000 which the United States has made in the construction of tlie canal. We ought not to do this, first, because the benefits to be derived by tho United Slates from this ex penditure nro not to be measured solely by a return upon the investment My own Impression is that the tolls ought not to exceed $1 per net ton. On Jan. 1, 1911, the tolls In the Suez canal ore to be 7 francs and 23 centimes for one net ton by Suez canal measure ment, which Is n modification of Danube measurement. A dollar n ton will secure under the figures above n gross annu-l Income from the Panama canal of nearly $7,000,000. The cost of innlutenance nnd operation Is esti mated to exceed $.1,000,000. The next question that arises Is ns to the maintenance, management and general control of the canal after Its complctiJii. It should be premised that it is nn essential part of our navy establishment to have tlie coal, oil and other ship supplies, a drydock and repair shops conveniently located with reference to naval vessels passing through the canal. Now. If the govern ment for naval purposes Is to under take to furnish these conveniences to the navy, and they are conveniences equally required by commercial ves sels, thero would seem to be strong reasons why the government should tako over and Include In Its manage ment 'the furnishing unt only to the uavy, but to the public, drydock and repair shop facilities and the sale of coal, oil nnd other ship supplies. Tlio maintenance of n lock cnnnl of this enormous size In a sparsely popu lated country and In the tropics, where tho danger from disease is always present, requires n large and complete and well trained organization with full police powers, exercising the ut most care. I cannot close this reference to the canal without suggesting as a wise amendment lo the Interstate commerce law a provision prohibiting Interstate commerce railroads from owning or controlling ships engaged In the trndo through the Panama canal. 1 believe bucI) a provision may be needed to save to tho people of the United States tho benefits of the competition In trade between the eastern nud western sea boards which this canal wns construct ed to secure. Department of Justice. I nm glad to say that under the ap propriations made for the department of justice the attorney general has so Improved Its organization that a vast amount of litigation of a civil and criminal character has been disposed of during the current year This will explain the necessity for slightly In creasing the estimates for the ex penses of the department. Ills report shows the recoveries made on behalf of the government, of duties fraudu lently withheld, public lands Improp erly patented, fines and penalties for trespass, prosecutions and convictions under the anti-trust law and prosecu tions under Interstate commerce law. I Invite especial attention to the prosecutions under the federal law of the so called "bucket shops" and of those schemes to defraud In which the use of the mall Is an csscn'lal part of the fraudulent conspiracy, prosecu tions which have saved Ignorant and weak members of the public and are saving them millions of dollars The violations of the mill-trust law present perhaps the most important litigation before the department, nnd the number of cases filed shows the activity of the government in enforc ing that statute. Judicial Procedure. One great crying need in tlie United Stales Is cheapening the cost of litiga Hon by simplifying Judicial procedure and expediting final Judgment Under present conditions the poor man is ut a woeful disadvantage in a legal con test with a corporation or a rich op ponent. The necessity for the reform exists both in United States courts nnd in all state courts. In order to bring it about, however, it naturally fulls to the general government by its example to furnish a model to nil states. A legislative commission ap pointed by Joint resolution of congress to revise the procedure in the United States courts has ns yet made no re port. I nm strongly convinced that the best method of improving Judicial pro cedure at law Is to empower the su preme court to do it through tho me dium of the rules of the court, ns in equity. This is the way lu which it has been done In Kngiand. Relief of Supreme Court From Un necessary Appeals, No man ought to have as n matter of right a review of his case by tlio su preme court. He should be satisfied by one hearing before a court of first instance and one review bv a court of appeals. The proper and chief useful ness of the supreme court, and espe cially the supreme court of the United States, is lu the cases which come be fore It so to expound the law and espe cially the fundamental law the con stitution as to furnish precedents for the Inferior courts In future litigation and for tho executive ollicers In the construction of statutes und the per formance of their legal duties. There fore any provisions for review of cases by the supreme court that cast upon that court t'le duty of passing on ques tions of evidence and tlie construction of particular forms of Instruments, like indictments or wills or contracts, de risions not of general application or Importance, merely clog and burden the court and render more dilllcult Its higher function, which makes It so Im portant fl part of the framework of our government. The supreme court Is now carrying an unnecessary burden of appeals of this kind, and I earnestly urge that it lie removed. Judicial Salaries. I further recommend to congress the passage of the bill now pending for the increase In the salaries of the fed eral Judges, by which I lie chief Justice of the supreme court shall receive $17,- 300 nnd the associate Justices $17,000, the circuit judges constituting the cir cuit court of appeals shall receive $10,- 000 and the district Judges $9,000. The positions they occupy ought to be filled by men who have shown tlie greatest ability in their professional work at the bar, and it Is the poorest economy possible for the government to pay salaries so low for Judicial service as not to be able to command the best talent of tlie legal profession In every part of the country. Wiping Out of Postal Deficit Tor many years there has been n deficit In tlie operations of the post office department which has been met by appropriation from the treasury. The appropriation estimated for last year from the treasury over and above the receipts of the department was $17,300,000. I am glad to record the fact that of that $17,300,000 estimated for $11,300,000 were saved and relum ed to the treasury. It Is gratifying to report that the reduction in the deficit has been accomplished without any curtailment of postal facilities. Upou the recommendation of the postmaster general I have Included In tho classified service nil assistant post masters, and 1 believe that this giving a secure tenure to those who are the most Important subordinates of post masters will add much to the efficiency of their offices and an economical ad ministration. The Franking Privilege. The unrestricted manner In which the frauklng privilege Is now being used by the several federal services nud by congress has laid it open to se rious abuses. Parcels Post. "With respect lo the ireels post, 1 respectfully recommend Its adoption on all rural delivery routes and that eleven pounds, the International limit, bo made the limit of carriage hi such post Tlie postolllce department has n great plant and a great organization, reaching Into the most remote hamlet of the United Slates, and willi this machinery It is able to do a great many things economically that if n new organization were necessary it would be Impossible to do without ex travagant expenditure. That Is Hie reason why the postal savings bank can be carried on at a small additional cost and why It Is possible to Incor porate nt a very Inconsiderable ex pense a parcels post In the rural de livery system. Peary. I unite wllh the secretary In the rec ommendation that an appropriation bo made to const met n suitable crypt nt Annapolis for the custody of the remains of John Paul Jones. Tho unparalleled achievement of Peary lu reaching the north pole. April 0, 1909, approved by critical examina tion of the most expert scientists, has added to the distinction of our navy, to which he belongs, and reflects credit upon his country. Ills unique success has received generous ncknowledgni'-nt from scientific bodies and institutions of learning In Kurope ami America. I recommend fitting recognition by con gress of the great achievement of Rob ert Kdwln Peary. For Eight Hour Da. It seems to me from the past history tfcat the government has been com mitted to a policy of eneouriUjiin; the limitation of the day's work to eight hours In all works of construction Initi ated by Itself, nud it seems to me Il logical to maintain a difference between government work done on government soil and government work done In a private establishment Workmen's Compensation. In view of the keen, widespread In terest now felt In the United Stntes In a system of compensation for Indus trial accidents to supplant our present thoroughly unsatisfactory system oC employers' liability (n subject the Im portance of which" congress bns al ready recognized by the appointment of a commission),-. I recommend that the international congress on indus trial Insurance be Invited to hold its meeting in 1913 In Washington nnd that an appropriation of $10,000 be made to cover tho necessary expenses of organizing and carrying on the meeting. Safety Appliances and Provisions. The protection of railroad employees from personal Injury Is a subject of the highest importance and demands continuing attention. Negro Exposition. I nlso renew my recommendntlon that steps be taken looking to the hold ing of n negro exposition In celebra tion of the fiftieth anniversary of the issuing by Mr. Lincoln of the emanci pation proclamation. Conservation. Nothing can be more important In the matter of conservation than the treatment of our forest lands. Speak ing generally, the governiwnt has re served of the eSilstlng forests about 70 per cent of nil the timherlands of the government Within these forests (In cluding 20,000,000 acres in two forests In Alaska) nre 192,000,000 ncres. of which 10(1.000.000 ncres are In the United States proper and include with in their boundaries something like 22. 000,000 acres that belong to the states or to private Individuals. We have, then, excluding Alnskn forests, n total of about 144,000,000 acres of forests belonging to the government which nre being treated in nccord with the principles of scientific forestry. Tho law now prohibits the reserva tion of any more forest Innds in Ore gon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Colorado nnd Wyoming except by net of congress. I nm informed by the department of agriculture that the government owns other tracts of tim berland In these stntes which should lie included in the forest reserves. 1 recommend to congress that the limi tation herein imposed lie repealed. In tho present forest reserves there nre lands which nro not properly forest land nnd which ought to be subject to homestead entry. Coal Lands. The next subject, and one most Im portant for your consideration. Is tho disposition of tlie coal lands In the United Slates and lu Alnska. At the beginning of this administration there were classified coal lands In the Unit ed Slates amounting to 3.47(1.000 acres, and thero were withdrawn from entry for purposes of classification 17.807.000 ncres. Since that time there have been withdrawn by my order from entry for classification 78,977,743 acres, mak ing a total withdrawal of 00.S14.743 ncres. Meantime of the ncres thus withdrawn 10.001.881) have been classi fied and found not to contain coal and have been restored to agricultural en try ahrtV 4,720,091 ncres hnve been clas sified as coal lands, while 79,903,239 n'cres remain withdrawn from entry nnd nvalt classification. In addition 337.000 ncres have been classified ns conl Innds without prior withdrawal, thus Increasing the clnssilledcoal Innds to 10,429,372 ncres. The question ns to how great nn area ought to be included In n lease to one Individual or corporation Is not free from difficulty, but in view of the fact that the government retains con trol ns owner I think there might bo some liberality In tho amount leased and that 2.300 acres would not be too great a maximum. The lenses should only be granted after advertisement and public competition. The secretary of tlie Interior thinks there lire difficulties In the wny of leasing public coal lands. I entirely approved his stating at length in his report the objections In order that the whole subject may be presented to congress, but nfter a full consideration I favor a leasing system nnd recom mend It The needed oil nnd gas Inw Is essen tially a leasing Inw. In their natural occurrence oil and gas cannot be measured In terms of acres, like coal, nnd It follows that exclusive title to these products can normally be se cured only nfter they reach the sur face. Oil should be disposed of as a commodity In terms of barrels of transportable product rather than in acres of real estate. Water Power Rates. The water power sites subject Is ono that calls for new legislation. It has been thought that there wns danger of combination to obtain possession of nil tlie power sites ami to unite them under one control. Whatever the evi dence of this or lack of it, at prescut we have had enough experience to know that combination would be prof itable, and the control of a great num- ber of power sites would enable the holders or owners to raise tho. price of power at will within certain sec tions, nud the temptation Mould promptly nttrnct Investors, nnd the . danger of monopoly and extortlou would not be a romoto one. However this may be. It Is tlie fitntrf -f' duty of the govern men t to st to it that In the utilization nial devetc- nient of all this Immense ain m.,- water power conditions sliall posed that will prevent ext( charges, which nr th nstmt a ulmeut of moiovoly. j i)
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers