MEM `._, 'l 7 Ot . rritsint, Vttliti4ct. R e p or t s from the Departments• RE Poir OF rns..sicarriny or THE NAVY: The Secretary says that since his last an -'nual 'report, - Abe naval. forces hare been re nired in resisting the, unlawful expeditions Nicaragua, reslstilig the'exercise of the right of search by Pritiab cruisers in the neighborhood of _Cublik--and'enforcing de. glands for redress for insults to our flag, and for injuries tok our citizens by -the 'Govern- ment of Paraguay. After - explaining 'this subject, the Secretary says it became twee sary to charter A number of vessels. As these = vessels would be nseful,_ be recommended their purchase:. The sum requirekl .for six of these steainers would - be $24 , 1,000, of which $94,8 . 00 must be paid for the use of them for a period of six months, and is proportioute sum for a longer time, if purchase be made. The-sum required for the three.aide-wheel steamers would be $386,000, of wilicb,if they be not purchased, thesum of $69,000 will be required for the same period.- The recent addition of a considerable num- ber of steam vessels to-:the•navy will nec,es sarily make an-increased demand for the ser• vices of officers at sea, while. the greater ac tivity which now prevails in the navy, and is likely hereafter to prevail, will still further increase::the - demand: To meet , the imme-• diate Wants of the service, an addition of twenty to the present numiter - of surgeons, and as many additional assistant surgeons. • 'He' also recommends the. appointment 'of fifteen or twenty additional - pursers; and an increase of - the marine corps of privates to two• thousand, wlrh the usual 'number of officers. The five ateain sloops-of-war authorized by the act of 147 will soon be completed: The seven steam sloops-of-war, under the act of 1858, are in rf state of .great forwardness. -Five of theni are to be launched during the present month, and be ready for sea in May next, and tjte other twe screw steamers will be launched"earfy in the spring, and be ready for trial by June. The Sidekbeel steam er, building in California, will be launched in the spring, and ready for 'ea in August. • . All experiences-idencesa necessity for an inCrease of the navy. Twenty effective ves 'eels of smaller class can be built apd kept at -sea-for what it would cost to build and keep at sea four or five vessels of a larger class. 'Let Congress increase the number of heavy armed vessels of light draughtolirtil we can frequently display our flag at-every Font where American interests may need protec tion.-- The addition of at least ten more ves sels of that dercription is not only a necessary measure, but will. be found at I..ast 1., ho am. cient as any thiitean be de - sired, requiring so small an expenditure of the pulslic .. money: Fyr the support of the navy and marine _corps,_and all other obj-cts under the control f the Na v al. iieparttn,w, f.r. the fiscal year endina the XOll of June, 183 S, the estimates were §l3 903,212; apii,opriat ions,-614,21-0,- _ 2,1.7; expetnfrures .?.:1:3871).6 . `t.31; there hay inf.; been some cartailment of the expen-es by reason of a tailing off to d.e revenue. F. r the 'fiscal year , eliding: June 30th, 1959,. . the` estimates were $24 1 ,610,295, .appropriate tions f. , 14,505.3.54, these ItaVll 7' , been largely retrenched in consequence of a diminution of the revenue, and again increased by appro priating' ii,200,000 fur eight light-draught war steamers, which wereenot embraced in the. stirrfte , . Fur the fieal Tear ending the dOth cif June, 1500, the estimates were 3,500,3'70, including $671.000 - for com pleting the eight light draught Steamers, Au thorized st• the last session of Congress, and not including the usual •c4npensation of .e.. 935.850 fur steamship avid mail se.vice. • REPORT OF TUE ST.CRETART OF INTERIOR Ile Secretary says that under the carious acts of' Congress, , of le . 52 and '55, there have been issued 3111,758 bcunty land. "warrant- reluit:ing 59.731,89 . 0 acres of the-- public dotnatn to .sathifv them. Of these 410,632 hal been located- to the 30th'Sep tetnher last nn 44:238.830 acres olland, leac ing warrants, calling fur 11,493,360 acres of 1 nd.• It is confidently -expected that during the next calendar . year the receipts from the sales of the public', lands, and th. . 3 .".tities sold and located will-be greatly increased. It is estimated that . without some detrimental changtt in. our-system, the income from this source will reach at least it 5,000,000. It is noiv satisfactorily ascertained that mines of the precious metals are to found in the Territories of , Washington, Oregon, New Mexico and Kansas, aiid t the United e time has arived fur the Government of Mates to It \ adopt some definite pol"Cy as to ,Its Mineral lands. ' 1 : • , . - The r:fc,retriry, therefore submits whether it 'would be a wise and sound policy at, this time to pass a. general law r(i,ervirtg all au riferous, silver and cinnabar mines tiorn-salp, for the Aise and, Occupancy of the people of -the United Slates, under such regulations, as Congress may prescribe, leaving those lands . containing copper, irou, lead and coariub ject to the Ordinary-laws of settlement and sale fur their development.' The extent of - these defies estimate, and gives assurance to our people, in the future-At unbounded wealth. Peace and quiet has been restored to Utah, and some additional legislation will be re quired to place its inhabitantion an equality , with.those of . the - other Territories. -In that Territory there are already --more than taro million acres retwined as surveyed and ready for market. Occupants ate upon these ;ands, and want to obtain titles to their honies. lie therefore-submita whether it would not be au set of justice to the _people,of Utah to estate fish in that Territory a land office, and at the same time,. in express i.ertn., to extend the pre-emption,laws so as to enibiace all the in habitant residing within its. limits. The Graduation law will continue to prove a fruitful source of fraud and annoyance, unless some change is.njtatle in,its terms. Congress khould require proof-of Settlement and culti vation prior to the adtuisiiion.and entry, or should release the purchaser from the condi tions now imposed. The Secretary' recommends a portion . of "our past 'policy with regard - to the Incliarri. and says the removal of the tribes should be avoided.. - Separate lands should be assigned 'to individuals, without the prier to alienate or' encumber them, and Money annuities stionid. be expended for the common good, instead of being divided pe; . cripits. The whole number of army peniioners .uo• - der the various acts of Congress is 10,732, re quiting for their* pqment the 'annual snm of $002,70 1 ). The whole numb& of navy p(tn bi,,tter> r.2..:111.1 th e aggragato. atiotin' •• W E JOlrri their payment i 8130,504. It appears that du the total disbur.ement of pensions up to this evi date ii alibut 6'0,000,000. Jf to this sum be added the, b.unties in land, (62,739,632 acres,) estimate( at' 61 25 per acre, the total amount grant•. for pensions and bdunties will be $168,42 ,262. _ On the subj. 4 of the next census"the Sec retary recomme ds an adherence to Ike law of May23.l, 18 0, in the belief that a census taken in accord ace with its provisions will afford the gieta .4t amount of accurate infor mation, and p -0 most satisfactory to the country. :The income f the Patent Office for the three quarters e ding September 30th, 1858, was *150,984. to expenditures during the same petiod amounted to $144,433, showing a surplus of rave ue of-86,550 against an ex cess of expendit re over the receipts of $2,526 for, the correspolding quarters of 1857. From the Ist of Janua ry to the 30th of - September, 1858, 4,001 app ications for patents were re ceived, and 696 caveats filed, against 4,005 applications akd 820 caveats for the corres ponding quarter, of last, year. During the same period 2,8116 pittents - vrere issued, 15 ex tensions granted, and 1,256 applications re. iicted. The Secretary recommends the es tablishment of a board of appeal in addition to the present force of the office. RETORT of 111E.00MITSSIONER OF THE 0 EICEE AILL•LAND OFFICE. - 'The' report corers a period of five quarters ending September 30th, 1658. During that period there weldsurveyed of the public lands 15,200,376 acres,' which, with former surveys, makes a quantitj, of 61;951,046 acres of the public lands surv e yed and ready for the mar ket ;an the 30;11 of September; 1858. which had never been offesed at public sale. During 1:1 the same pert i there were sold for cash 4,804,,010 acres ; from which e 2,534,102 was realized. Local d With 'the military - land warrants, 6,073;110, and reported under swamp land , grants, r - ,401,565, making an aggregate of cash sales, land warrants; loca tions and swamp , sslections of 1-3,183,504. The cash realized seems disproportionate to the quantity of land sold, but this is accounted for by the very large- sales at reduced prices, under the graduation law of August 4th, 1854. Under the act of 1849 and 1850, granting the swamp and Ore s -flowed lands to the dis trict in which they are situated, there have been selected arid .reported to the General Land nffice 55,129,492 acre:, upon which warrants having ihe,effeet of patents, have is• sued for 36,006,88 acres. , The Commissioner recommends amend .....ia to ri,.:, prit Dmption laws_ with a view to uniformity of the system, and to settle dis puted rights, and 'to determine controversy in litigated ca-es. - .. • REPOitT OF THE COMMISF-10,NELl 01 LNPI: s li,?: AF- The Commission stAtes that the/Whole nu - Tiber of Indians within our brnitri is,esti mated at 'about 350,000. Th,e-WhOle number of tribes and sepaTate bands` is 17 . 3, with 44 of which, we have treetraarransrernents. The number of ratified7hidian treaties, since the adoption 'of ..the 2 .bonstitution is 303, nearly all of whielr v contain provisions still in force. The quantity of land acquited by these treaties is about 581,163,1188 acres. The entire cost of fulfilling these treaties will be $49,816,- 314. Flinn_ a part of these lands the Govern ment received no pecuniary adyrintages, be cause they were ceded to the respective statet uit Lin whose limits they were situated. From those sirld the Federal Treasury received not only the whole 'of the eipence incurred fur their acquisition, survey and sale, but a sur plus of at. least 14100.000,000. the amount applicable to the fulfilment of the treaties,-and other Objects connected with the Indian Rolicy ' for the present fiscal tear, cas $1 852,401, of which 'Pim $204,662 was derb .7 ed from investments of trust funds. The whole ammt of trust funds held on Indian Arcount i 5•510.5 0 43.649, of which $3,502,241 has been invested 'in stocks of various States:, the tetnainder; vii: 447,088,407, is retained in the Treasury.', and the interest thereon lidera lly nppropritted by C , opgress. The Commissirm.s. eL:.h, tc Worthy of con sideration whether it will not be advisable, when . Om national' treasury shall be in a cpb dilion' to admit of it, also to invest the above . anmunt of .$7.0 . 88.401- in like manner with' other Indian trust' funds. •The Cominitaiutier poi/its ont. three fatal errors which have'roarked our policy towards .the Indians from the very beginning, viz; ibt—Their remo6l from place to place, as our population advance: 21--The went ottoo much lerritory to be held by them in common; 3d4—The allowance of -large sums of money as nullities. He recommends tbal the tribes should be permanently located upon reservations em• bracing not more than is necessary fut. actual oeccpancy; to dilide the laid among them in severalty ; to require that they should lire upon and cult vale the lards thus assign ed; to give them in lieu of money annuities, stock animals, agricultural implements, me chanie'shops; man al labor schools, dm He recommends the atikation of the treaties rmade in 1855 Wit) the Indians of Washing, t ton and Oregon 'erri.tur`ies,• as a means of preventing the recurrence of hostilities. He gives a genetsl sta en3entof the condition of the Indians, and ct,lls attention to the argent necessity .for the completion and thorough revision of the laws relating to:lndian affairs. Governor Denver, though not having time,. 'since the resumptionof his 'duties; to exam ine closely the facts stated in the report, con curs zenerally in the recommendations of Mr. Ming, his temp. rary predecessor. # ENERAL% REPORT. 'nently set forth that after mails are to be conveyed .ans and Washington in s. r OSTSI ASTER The fact is prom the-first of July tit 14tween New Orl three and a half da Regarding the onveyance of the letter mails overland bet •een the Mississippi and San Francisco, the Departrpent reports the triumphant success of the route. The Teliu autepec route sere ce has - been commenced under such anSpl as; it is heNeved, prom- ise complete su •• s, The Utah route has been-so improved t at trips through, between St. Joseph and Pine ‘rville,ire performed once a week, in thirty--'ght days. Routes have been vitt in opt/ration from Neosbo, Missouri, to Albuquerque, Ni M., an,d from indepeud ence, Mo., by Albuquerque to Stockton, both thonthrt. The Postmaster (Genera) says that the 'ex penses of the depar ' 'ent, over and above its lave r o qt . 1111"rn4•0 a e\•4l.' CI, 0 - • - • , S- TOX6 PART THAT (DOES NOT CAROM THE FLAG AND KEEP STEM TO THE , MILTSIC THk • ontrost, -.215001mm Vien!l'a iktrshg Itiorning,-Pectmtrr 23, 185'8. le reduction of portages: It would, how rer, be obviously erroneous to suppose that ..ge barges upon the Treasury is to progress in apatio proportionate to what it has been for the last few years. Our postal system is now extended over the country, from one ocea to the other. There can be but little further expense resulting from overland con nect* with California and the other Pacific States and Tetritories. Except ono 'other route, commonly called the'Northern route, from St. Paul. in Minnesota, to Seattle, in \Vasiington Territory, no other is g liow thouVt ht of as being likely to become ices sary. The estimate for the -transportation of the . t ails for the next fiscal year, -1859-60, whet' completed, over and above the antici pated teyennes,.may therefore be regarded as be niaximum which will probably be requir ed frir some time to come. Tile Postmaster General purposes, in lieu of the franking privilege now allowed by law to members of Congress, that the Secre tarypi' the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives, or such other as may he desimated for the purpose, furnish the mem bersgr' ith postage stamps to• be• used on all lette s public documents and packets trans mitt i d by thorn in the mails, and ' . .:eep an ac counl of the stamps furnished to each mew her, &he paid out of the contingent fund of the House. It is further r.roposed that all letters and packets, except - newspapers ado dresszd to members of Collgress, shall be pre- paid at the mailing office. In ibis way the Department would be compensated for the services rendered, without a resort to the in- convenience of keeping daily minute ac coun s of postage chargeable on guch mail matt .r. T. avoid dissatisfaction and the practical co venience of , having different rates of ostae, regulated by distances, it is respect lly stibmiteed..hether one uniform rate of ddents for all distances would not enlarge e usefulness: of - the Department, and di inish, if it did not entirely prevent, suuti avir drafts upon the Treasury, and best omOte the interest and convenience of the •ople. _ _ Tile %hole number Of post ofileekon the id June last was 27,977, of which .400 o r the ohms denominated presidential.; whole number established during the last fis cal y6.ar, 2,121 ; number discontinued, 730 , ; --Ilse, 1,391; number of Postmasters ap id, 8.284. Of these, 4,595 were to fill tees occasioned by t:ostinition ; 998 by , als; 278 by deaths ; 292 by _change land sites,;/ and :2.121 on establish. ne v &Inas. W number of :cetunrei 1,115.70, .18014. On Cue one last :here were in ope•asion it routes. 'The number of contrac• ,044. The length of thEs&e routes is at 260,603 miles ; total arnZnint of ttion, 75,763,401 Milo-, and cost, 8. el with - the service reported 30th Ma/ C ointe( Iv 7, there is an addition of 18,002 milel to tie length of routes, and $1,173,373 to 11)4 cost. The total expenditures of the Depirrnent in the fiscal Year, ending June 30, 183 S; amounted to $12.722,470. The estimated receipts and expenditures in 1939.: Expeoditures, $14,766,320; means, $ll l O9l, 393 i deficiency, $3,68:1,127; OC the subject of ocean and foreign mail service, the Postmaster General, among other things, says': By the time the contract for the Califc.anie lines,' via Panama and Tehuantepec, expire, on Grtober 1, 1839, it is probable that the 1 . rout by Labe Nicaragua will have been re open d 'and in suceesful operation. This i presents the question whether one, • two or -three of these routes shall bereaftcrbe employ ed for mail purposes. Tle Teti uan ter cc route is the shortest and .smostlreadiiy protected against interruptions, but it will be comparatively too new, and the line of staging too long, to furnish with certaHty adequate and satisfactory corn .' mumcation between Atlantic and Pacific posselssions. While it is destined, no doubt, to b+orne a tramdt of the fir.- ;....yortAnce, and iwiiiJ- 7 ... Lire nigilest patronage and encooragertent, stil! it cannot supersede the necessity of one or more routes though Central America. __,lt. I l ia of the highest importance that the route by Nicaragua should be re-opened, and its uldisturbed use for the transportation of the ails, passenzers, troops and munitions of w a r, secured by the solemn guarantee of a public treaty. Without this, in view of the unstable condition of the 'local government of C 'flint: Ars.critt.i, the safety and security of trnsport - ation can hardly be relied on. As c lculated to furnish the requisite facilis tl / esr. f communication betwee.n Europe and the Southern and Southwestern &Ives, the proje l cted lines between Norfolk and Ergland, and kteteeen New . Orleans and Bordeauz, are among the most important to be estab lished . Ai regards the line from some suitable port in th‘b United States to Brazil, and th! ‘ s ex 4 teMsiOn of the California line from Panama to the South Pacific coast, which, for commer cial, 'as well as mail purposes, it is so desir able hould be etablisbed, and the line from NewiOrleans to Vera Cruz, it is apparent that; the postages to be derised therefrom, would defray bht a trifling portion of the exs pew+ of the same. The Postmaster Genera! regaids it as highly-important that the live to Vera Cruz should be continued- IMPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR. The authorized strength , of the army, as posted, is 18,165, but the actual 'strength on Julyllst was 17,495. These troops corn pose ithe whole numerical force of our army, distributed through the States and Territo ries df the entire Confefiericy, manning all the fhrtificattions occupied by troops, holding all posts now garrisoned, defending all our exteeded frontiers, and e rotectio g „ as far as possi>le,tbe difkrent routes extended across thegontinent, from the Mississippi Valley. to 'our possessions On the Pacific. ,„-- Tle absolute demands for men in the variobs posts, stations, &c., as well as for what' might be teimed the police operations of til l . army, left only thirteen regiments for semil service in the field. And upon this small force, numbering little over 11,000 men devolved the arduous duty of prosecuting all ti n e Indian warv,which have extended this . year !from - the British possessions on the Pa cific Ito the border settlements of Mexico, sa well no of crushing the rebellion, in Utah, which, from its eindictire'spirit and Large numters ' threatened at the' outset to become, and irdeed was, very formidable. ins^.,fp!? I Ilic r!“ suns of the same size ever before performed in-so short a space of time, marches and move ments of such extent, surmounting in their progress such formidable obstacles. No disaster . has -befallen the army throughout the immense ramifications, and the priva tions, hardships, toils sand dangers to which it has beel't continually subjecte, - have been borne without a murmur. .In speaking of the war with the Indians. on tie Pacific, the Secretary says that a per• manent peace has been established by treat ies entered into with them, and the army has been already distributed to points where the presence of a force was greatly needed. In alluding to the Navajos, he-says they prob ably number 3,4300 mounted warriors, an ex tremely formidable force; but there shall be no relaxation in prosecuting the war until the savages are brought absolutely under the yoke. The war in Texas may be looked up. on as just begun,-and the probabilities are, it will be one , of fi ercetess, and may be of con siderable duration. Much apprehension for the hostile mani festations of the savages beyond the confines of lowa and Minnesota has been felt by the frontier settlements of there State.. The Secretary regrets to say our force is not suf ficient to spare troops in such numbers as will quiet altogether these alarms.. The operations of the army in Utah have in themselves been important, and fraught with tnementoua results. The people of that Territory, however, still evince a Spirit of insubordination and moody dist citent. The necessity which called forth the presence of the troops in Limb will require a strong force still to be kept there, Much praise is bestowed .upoii Gen. Johnson and the officers and troops under his command. The disbursements , amount to nearly i 610,000.000 in the Quartermaster's Depart ment. Every voucher,. bag bcen. filed, with the exception of $2E0,000. .I,Tothing will be lost.' As to the ,artillety ViCt:ool pi prac t ice at Fort Monroe, se long as an object desired a mong the military men of the country, this, the Secretary says has been establiOed,'and bids fair to realize all the benefits to the ser vice which its fiends'anticipated. lie calls attention to the necessity of 'pro viding for the payment of ciarms brought a gainst the' Government by different States andTerritoties for services beretofore.tendered by volunteer forces in the supptes:-!on of In dian hostilities, The Secretary trays be has atternpted,so far as possible, to meet the just wishes of Con gress in reducing the expenses. apd, maws or um net meal year are iessittran the apunptistions for the last by the sum of *9.160,488. They are less than the estimates laid before Congress at the last session by the sum of 42,736.408. They amMint in e. ‘ th aggregate t0t18,010,090 ; and he entertains a strong hope that the .expenditure may be still further reduced in the course of acoLher year. It affords him pleasure to -say, that not witbstaurling the Indian wars in Washing ton, New Mexi co and Texas, all of which were unfurseen and - unexpected, unless there shall be further 'and larger demalills for expenditure in suppressing other Indian hostilities, there will be no necessity for ask ing appropriations in the shape or a Deficiency A A Prairie Fire, Recent writers - have declared that there is a great deal. ()fiction in the accounts given of a berning prairie, and more of imagination than reality in the pictures which adorn the school books,representing the flying emigrant wagons, the'• frantic rush of wild horses, buffalo, die. The gtatideur and, the peril of such a entitlagration -are probably exagger ated in the old accounts, and the author of the "Leather Stocking Tales" has told us how to avoid all harm pram Oboe* eenn of the it: 111 which tbe • billowv, prairie-grass is annually converted by accident or design. We find in rho Junction City Sentinel, a newspaper published at .function City, a settlement op posite Fort Riley, in Kansas, the following account of a prairie fire in the _rmrnediate vicinity of that - place : 'Ou Monday afternoon last the prairie tc the northwest t t f the town was discovered to be or. fire. The w:nd was blowing quite a gale at the titne,and the waves of flame came ateeeping towards us with a mighty - roar, like unto the breaking of - old ocean. It was certainly - very grand and beautiful to look at, while danger was unthreatened ; but, as the erackfing of the tall'prairie became more dis tinct,reminding one . of discharges of artillery, our quiet admiration of the scene changed to a very lively sense of impending peril. The .whole affair. was Fo, unlooked for, so sudden, and caught us so unprepa•ed to re sist ruccessfully, that our promising fowl carne near to ashes before an effort was made to fight back the Nine. It approached to within five-and ten feet of our printing of- - flee. destroyed the flay stack of our neighbor 11. 7 hiteey, across the street ;',ran, Jibe a start led deer, towards the private residences in :be western part of the place ; swe r ptpatt the recently erected frame of Capt. Wm. Helms ley, consuming for him 5000 shingles. Claim-liousesin the vicinity escape 4 mime ulously. That one should be left standirig is astonishing. - A.litisy scene among The people was then enacted; men, women and children combin ed in a little army-to keep. back the enemy,. Weapons of. extraordinary avearanee and singular construction were used in the melee. Here might be seen an individual with his &Imlay coat. twisted into a Swab, performing feats of prowess with his constantly flying garment.' Again,.o lady, assuming for the first time the peculiarhabiliment of her lord, hurling his breeches at the fiery foe with eminent success ; another, witb'great graces and efficacy, wielding a plank, dropping it upon the intruding tnouster f ;putting out whole-rads of dame at a pop. We content ed O'irselves with a towel tied to the end of a walking-stick, and with a motion some what resembling the thrashing out of grain, did, we think, our part of an extinguisher. All worked hard, and eventually succeeded I in saving the town. To a great many ens the sight wastiovel, they never having witnessed a prairie f i re before. in every ore the scene was stablithely beatitiful and exciting." MIE=I2I Afrir low does ,a pitcher . pf,water _differ from a man throwing his wife over a bridge rine is water in the pitcher, and the other is li..r •n I+o wmter A CHESS STORt. "A mate! a mate!" a maiden cried, One pleasant summer's day, ' When with her lover by her able, They joined in rival play— In rival play at glorions.chess, The noblest of all games, Whose ivory images possess Such very royal names! " A mate! a mate!" she wildly said, As with impetuous haste,. • Her Queen across the board she sped, And by his Monarch, placed ; So confident she seemed to be, lie didinot for a moment see, His King could take her Queen'. " A mate! a mate!" again she cried, " Yes, 'tis a mate I see, • • Hirt only such, thy darling pride, As I would , have from thee !" Ho said, and round her lovely form, His manly arm he pressed, Till she unto his passion warm, • An answering love confessed! " A mate! a mate !" young Cupid sang; As through the room he flew, This may be chess, put yet I guess: nothing very. new! The old game—wheer the ut ,tine ; Is still the same, I see-/ • Whet' woman sweet and'inan compete, There's sure a Mate to be! HOW SMITH ELOPED. James Sarah was a bad man,atleast every body said so, and that must be true, though he was an accommodating neighbor, and went to meeting on Sunday, and - has been known to tell his experience, the wickedness of which drew many a sigh and groan from the pious old deacons. He used to drop • a dime into the contribution box;and sometimes a quarter, but then that wasn't all. He was said to bb guilty of paying more attention to a couple of black eyes than to the devout teaching of the minister, and the sigh which now and then escaped his breast, was not exactly of the go-to-meeting character. Kate Hopkins liad the eyes alluded to, (how I hate, such eyes,) and had a good bringing up, but they were a leetle to black and mil). chievims for ,the welfare of her heart.• She. toarded at Jame s ' house.• (James, was a married man.) She, too, went to meeting regulatly, but was particularly fond of going evenings. Mrs. Smith staid at home :then and took charge of three or four little curley headed children. Mrs. Smith began to think (though she didn't say anything about it,) 'that Ur husband was getting pious rather sermons in the evenine• b than in the daytime. Mrs. Schith was an observing woman, and had noticed that James, and Kate would come home slower than the rest of the con :Veit:4lloh, and some other little things else did not think best to ruy anything about. I did not say that Mrs. Smith was a jeal ous woman, but she certaioly had some very strange freaks. One Sunday evening, -just before meeting was out, she thought, "she would wile away. a . few minutes,, just to kill time, by sitting under 'a grntre vine by the gate. It was a warm night—the new moon too small to stay up late, bad disappeared entirely. Presently the„sound of fo'otsteps was heard, the steady measured tread of old men with thick boots, and young men with their best.new calf skini, and the stamping of still smaller ones, which made such a racket that she_lilie to have run, but she didn't: It was soon stint' however, and no one had disturbed the gate!;. Sire could note have been mistaken in this, for she was close by' it,rtml it never opened without a long grating and growling noise, as though it hated to be disturbed. I Hark ! the careful step of a man approaches and the patting of a little gaiter boot falls suftly on the night air 1 It near!, though ly, and the uniek-hearing ears of Airs. eutttu caught something like pie sound of muffled whispers. They came nearer, and finally stopped. -nrs. Stßith held her breath, while Mr. Smith turned his back towards her, leaning partially against the fence; and Kate, as near as she could see, leaning partially ch bila. Oh, that her.ears had `begin deaf, that her little fluttering heart, was not sus ceptible of such agitation.. Was she in her right mind or had some wild fancy taken possession of her thoughts She was ,not crazy, and her ears could not well misunder• stand at reaching distance. Mr. Smith spoke fist, after a moment's pause. "There is now but one thing-left for us to ~ ( 1- 0 I" "And that'" softly whispered his com panion, closely to, him all the while be spoke. "Fly, fly with me, dearest, away from this unhappy spot, where I can pour out my love i nt your feet, and forever ba , ,k in the sunshine of your charms. The world will be nought to me tiniest; f can clap you to iny be . art . And not feel the pleasure to be momentary and fleeting." am yours forever," sighed Kale, leaning her bead upon his sboUlder,i."ind whatever_ be your wiAes, I be too happy in obeying them." . -"To . morrow night, then," answered James,. "meet me at the foot-of the lane,at ten o'clock, where I will have a carriage in readiness, and ere the moreing , rlawe upon us we will tke out of reach of - .harm or Unger from Nancy, and I shall poi, care for-any one else." "I will be:thr.re at the hour 1" said Kate "and now we-must go in or Nadu ilk 6; uneasy." But before they disttirtea the ugly gate, Smith drew Kate to heitrt in one fond, loving embrace, and smack went a kiss upon her upturned lips. As Smith turned arotmd he thought - he saw something flash. ;be old gate swyng,npon its rusty hinges, and the lovers took the path leading to the pact door. Mrs. Smith heard his last charge to Kate, to be puncttial at the hour, and hastily un to the front door, and by the time they gained the back door she was coin fortably rocking in her arm chair, as uncon cerned as though nothing. had happened. That night Smith dreamed lovely dreams, how be would fly with the idol of his affecft Lions and evade the search‘ot those whose re vengeful' dispositions would tempt to follow; but Mrs. Smith &earned bow he wouldn't, and how muck he would repeat of ever hav• ing ventured on so haiardous atY esperiMent, and hove Halite were human hopes to blast, and the foude,,t dreativk to vanish in 111111 311' ~-~-- But how to frustrate his plans was the i l uestion.i. She didn't , sleep when she dream• ed, but she decided upon a plan o 7 notion, and then dropped herself in the arms of Mor pheus. She arose' early, prepared a good breakfast, and expressed herself uneasy about Smith's health, and his .appetite seemed to be very poor, and had been getting so for some time past. Smith tried- to. be p_artin`,- ularly good that day, and bad trot T,T,ticty been in the secret, she would have taken Lis intentions for genuine love. Smipiiiforrned Nancy at dinner that, he had me orient business 'at 'hand, and thaVhe should not probably be at: home / di supper. Mrs. Smith was very Isorry,Aut she could not help it.. _ • Night came apd so did ten o'clock, which time found *fifth, at the foot of the lane. A female form, - closely enveloped, sprang into the earrtige,and Smith,embracinaher fondly, dro x veiiff as rapidly as bitrfait horses could carry them. - On, tin-the - drove, clinging to each other in all the tenderness of affection; be snatching a kiss every noe , and , then from the- nectar lips which only_ spoke in sighing whi-pers. Smith declared it the happiest moment of his life, in his lovino protestations, with a warm embrace. Smith longed for the light once-more, that be might look into her love-beaming eyesadd read the tender thought ehe could not speak. Light did come at last i. and when the faint est streak of crimson tinged the, eastern hills with a mellow light,,,Sthath ,tsough,t at onbe to feast his eyes upon those sparkling orbs which captiNatecl him at meetings. Ile took hold of her, dimpled chin and turned herlace lovingly up to his, and—Oh, horrors ! Nan cy was looking him -in the face.. Smith jumped a foot off the sent, dropped the lines, which Nancy caught; tried to say sotnething; but his tongce clove to the roof of his mouth. _ Nancy roguishly smiled and said : - "C r ook into my loving eyes, Jim," but Jim wouldn't do it, although she declared it to be the happiest.moblent of her life. - • • "James," said she, "do vou.see that house yopder that•is mine, anti. if:you have no objections, we will spend the first night there." . ancy had slyly .turned the horses on o dit. r ,e ,.l4T reat road in the right direction t t o reach her home again about daylight. .1 never could learn from Mrs. Smith what Jim said when be did speak i but ithrik says he, is th 9 best man she ever saw. IluiSancy dil telt one wrong story : she came home from a call, iust before it was time for. Kate to start, ory ing with tears in hey ere' , that her husband had - got tiro-rit from his. bogy and nearly killed, and she Rust. go and take care bf him. This was the reason Kate didn't go that time. THE. CHURN Lv DASICaR flail to the Churn! Iliiil to the Jinn ' Much it teaches that we should I:7.rn - Divers insights into nature, Perseverance, temperance, Taste.,kindness, , 'and economy, Faith, fashion, and astronomy, Geology, and navigation—, •. Something in fine, of all creation. Behold•the Churn! dts hoops are light ! Not swelling like a bloated fright. On its own-bottom standing true, As high sonled men are wont to do. ,Self-poised, firm-set, acid upright, too, A• pattern 'tis for me and you. The Chprn's'no c?fsmpion of a crown, But a Vont Roundhead, up and down, With, kb:illy Milk, its '•' in'ards" teem, . So rich, indeed, it's mostly cream. Gene - runs hearted as a Howard. Its only fi'.olt is, 'tis a . cow-ard. Behold the churn, 'a Milky Way Full fraught with myriad Nebula:, So denSe and bright, they shut from view, That city stuff yoept -bky blue."' Again you lo.ok,•and r you spy A Yellow Sea, its wares dashed-high, Against an oak and hoop.bound sf•.o; With white,caps,:sponts and hollow roar, Behold'sgain,:it is a mine From which the, housewife doth refine, With sunken shaft, her massiVe gold Work 'd o'er ar.d o'er,press'd.stamp'd&rol I'd. : • Didst ever churn ? 'Tis a good : school, Keep just ao warm, an just so cool., Is , In life's great churning r.eirer fear:. Through thick and thin just persevere, Though-foes-should clatnor;friends be dumb, Churn - on, churn on, the butterll come. 41110. How the _Earth . 1o4lci! from hie Moon. I - • The aspect of the earth beheld from the moon, always gorgeous, is never the smile. Beforeit,floats a flickers drapery, adorned with movable, ever changing spots, which are continually disappearing, to give place to others of fresh form and pattern. Cloudy bells are drawn in certain directions by the agency of monsoons and trade winds. Stripes diverging other directions arc the traces of the polar gales, which rush. toward the temp erate zones, sweeping - the IMaving masses of mist and vapor before thei».., The . freaks and violence of the untamed winds give to our planet a more singular and changeable as: pent than that of Jupiter, .as we behold him striped across with transverse bands or belts. In consequence of these continual alterations of the outer veil, it rarely is po'ssiblo to catch a complete \iew - Of the configurations of our continents, or•of the exact limits of our wide spread oceans. Lunar students of terrestrial geography, unable even to obtain at once an entire view of either of our liemispheres,might nevertheless_ construct an accurate map by noting down the details of various' countries ai they presouted themselves from time to tithe, and then atantrining the, fragments into a whole. It. would simply be an exercise of the same mental powers which 'a - child 'exerts when be fits together the puzzle-map of -Eng land, finding fts• proper placefor every ono of the countries, which have been mingled pell-mell in the box. Selenito members of the Geographical Society enjoy the great ad vantage of having a full view of localities which are all but inaccessible to us. They are slant° inspect Central Africa with less. fatigue.than Doctor Livingston, and they can form an idea - of what the North Pole 19 like without sharing the sad fate of Franklin. But while the outlines of the 'earth's disc are vague and difficult to determine, her col -oring is decided and strongly contrasted. At each pole of the-shining planet is a vast white spot which offers a singular phenomenon.— Altbough.perpetually there and never effaced, thee periodically vary in size. Ilithint 15, Tiumbir 51. c, their original appeara:nCe,aftw_the three hu died and s i xty-five revblutiona oa its a:4, which constitute the terrestrial,yarir, portion as Ad white spot on one pole diinit that of the opposi pole increases is as,if v one of the rival p were re-conquered potion of,ground exact! equal tO that loa t' by the other,so that theyadvance and retret4 reeiprocsdly, maintaining on the whole, bi 7.7 tween the two, an equal amount of territo4 , .„ Nevertheless, the northern wbioh spot is waya considerable smaller than the southein. To Seleniies; who have no notion or knowl: edge of water and ice, 1114 variation of thee!, two white spots must rem;sio an impeneitab e mystery. -We, whq observe the phenomeno; in the planet Mars, can easily accou.t for it. , In elori t /the,complepon,is brilliant, Co.. lag and-gQing,as her sentiments, her pass' , , and the state bf her health vary. Sht to brightly pale'wben and .where it is winte and blushes tenderly green under the la ence of spring. The divers, colors of the di ferent pr;rts of our eiobe change,like the bu:s °fa magic lantern, according as'they are r: fleeted fleeted froth oh alt:tic citcla or a torrid, lone, 'continent or a sea, a sandy desert or' a lot* forest, a mountain or a plain, and even fro an Old World or a NeW. The regular r- turn, once in every twenty four hour's, f these richly-tiated . ,spotei th. the same !mill° ; demonstrates at once •to Limonite philosop ers what has 'given men So much trouble,4i . establish-41 Tact of, the earth's revolutioh on its axis. It does.risore :—lt provides ad. journers on the moon with the most maga% ficent ; clock ever imagined. It is giganti , permanericapd keeps ?effect time -;: it nev r . stops, nor retpiires wihditig -up. The,rot . tion of the earth in four and - twenty' hottrs replaces , the hands that travel round 1:4 dial. Every fixed spot, situated at a differe.t terrestial longitude, is a number which mar a the hours and rtinutes, as it. passes-over tit s' or that lunar meridian. the spots which t any given. moment make their appearan.e at the edge of the earth's disc will be situat • • , six hoors•afterwards, exactly on the straig. t" line which.passes from pole to pole througi the centre of the,dise ; And _six hours after wards they. will have reached- the -opposite edge of the disc, and will then immediate y disappear. Every slim takes exactly flm .; • and-twenty mi hours to return to the -eriiityi _ which it has passed.- In order to -.ascertain - the hour and its divisions by looking at this admirable clock-face,all that is required is to know the time it makes for ~the diffWriit. . 0 1 -.. spots to pass from-one meridian to anoth r - The appearance of a spot, as well as its d - appearance, also su ffi cesito tell what o'el k —or rather what an earth—it is:, .A Visit i to the moon would reekam the hour of t e day by. watching the passage - of the earl 's spots a v,:s the lunar meridian, by exact!,* the same method as he emPlovs at home *hen her lays down the rule that fifteen degrees to toe east is an hour later,. .and fifteen degrees - o the west an hour earlier than at the pla . e where he happens to be. Thus, when it s'' noon am the meridian' at Paris, it .is one o'clock on that of Upsal, add two o'clock an that of Suez. . ' . . . Unfortunately for residents ott the ma. the earth is only visible from one of itstiem phere.. That heiniaphere .is especially •, leged ;, it knows nO real night. When t. sunshinu fails. the earth-shine supplies place with a light equal to thirteen titres th of ou-r moonlight when the sky is at:its cl• est. And the earth benevolently beams n• light only. but also warmth.. .It:hus at le been a<c•;ertained beycn-ti doubt.iliititte to of the moon do tranatnit.a feeble but °bee •', ble amount, of heat ; the larger and the h tel mass of the earth must drift on the mo rAnniderably rr-J6 than thirteen times ; beat. reflected from .our satellite "under most favorable eircurnitanda. • • Rulesfor,-,Travelers. N l :*q ciip from the Harrisburg "Union," LI futlowing facts important to travelers, and. l they are based, we believe, upon legal d:: bions, they are wortltEciowing:—, • It has been legally, decided that applica for tickets on rata Bads, can be ejected fr.i the cars if they do-not offer the exact amou of their fare. Condactors are not bound make change. All railroad tickets are good until used,a, conditions "good for this day only," or oth.l :rise lirnitin the time of equiness, are of accouiit. Passengers who lose their ticket wo n ejected from the cars, trtiless they porch.. a second one. • Passengers are bound, to observe deco, to in the cars, and are obliged to comply wi G all reasonable, demands to mho* ticke . Standing cpott the platform, or otherwise v o lating FUTltie plena coMpany,renders a pens n lisble to he put from the train. • No person has - a right to Monopolize m 6 e scout:than he has paid for, ,And any arti le left inn seat, while the ciwnelr is ternporar ly a b sent , :entitles him to the ! place. upon is return. (11:1 TII Fiasa NEwsrsekir.r-The Boston s.n. l Pranch claims that the 'first newspaper e published in North Am - erica, made its a' pearatice in.Tiosion on the 25th ofSeptemb.! 1150). in the then village, its . publicati caused a prodigious excitement: The Legi !attire then took up the matter, -dettotinci.' the sheet as contrary to law in its public; tion, and aiserted the grand principle of vs; soiship as determinedly as could . have be done in London then,c't ii dentiln Pads itol Louis Napoleon himself could tit haie Mai a greater row about a newspaper than w made by our worthy, Progenitors. it ..was little quarto concern, with only three of: pages in print, the editor; if such a beast burden it had, having run .ashore when wort was only three quarters accomplish. - ; Only one nuMber- of this Journal. is kiwi to be in existence, and that is No. 1, and is the English State Paper Office. It is sup... ed, and very reasonably, that it:died in bei born. It was published by Benjamin liar i lie was.a, patriot, and was set in the pillo in Charles Il's time, then not an tincom mode of rewarding, patriot& for the part tb took in promoting general- good: So th our first newspaper publiiber was a man some note, bitvitig attracted royal attentio! and oocupyittg at the time a high Position the world. ' .1 jam' To take advantage in a bargain, virtually to take money out of anothe pocket, who is not awaro of it. Worldlin l way call it " fair play," but all honest trt call it "cheating and swindling."
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers