.. ii. t ii"!"ll""i",7ili"ll"l"l" "ih I iSBI!HHnssVnP9nQK99BHWHjL'J mwiiup ' FiWf&WnEBWzw&1qBmM$i t : . 4 i r CHILE'S CRACK NAVY Would Find Lots of Troublo Getting Within Shooting flange of Onr Seacoast Cities. OUR BIG GUXS XEAELY READY. Projectiles That Would. Sink Any Etip Aflcat,"and That at Five Miles Gat in the Sea. FEOGEESS AT THE KG FACTORIES. IUostntlons FromFlioiograrlis Showing Our rreraia. tion for Eeleiuo. ftrECUi TTLKCRAM TO THB DISPATCH.! "WASHncGTOK, .Tan. 2. The bluster about Chile has aroused the country to a lively interest in the offensive and defensivo equipments of the Government. A great deal has been Eaid about the offensive but little about the defensive. In fact the need of coast defenses as compared with the grow ing navy received a tardy recognition. For, while appropriations for the one were begun in 1SS3 and the work of building up a new navy has been in active progress for the past eight years, it was not until five and a half years later, or in September, 1688, that a law was enacted which per mitted a definite commencement upon the new plans of coast defense and modern umament. The reproach that the United States had not a single modern gun to mount for the defense of the coasts had become a phrase almost too hackneyed to hurt. Once felt with sufficient force, however, and recog nizing that the sphere of navy operations is upon the high seas and that no adequate defense of our seaports can be made with out permanent fortifications on land, and that neither could the ships of the navy act with effect and safety to themselves without fortified harbors as bases of operations, we have now for three years past been busily at work upon the coast defenses. Adequate Coast Defenses Assured. The "work is necessarily slow, as The Dispatch has often shown, but, owing to THE the i izorous manner in which it is being prosecuted, great progress has been made, and the Secretary of "War has been enabled to state in his annual report that the problem of adequate coast detenses has been practically settled. The brunt of this work has to far devolved upon the ordnance de partment of the army, which has first to provide the gnns, carriages and ammuni tion. As these are now being turned out,, however, the engineer department is en gaged upon the erection of batteries and emplacements at New York, Boston, San Francisco, Hampton Beads and "Washing ton. There are not lackins those who did and who fctill maintain that this procrastination was a wise measure in economizing the ex- pcaditurcs of the Government. It is fortu nate for such that the emergency requiring adequate means of defense has not already arisen. Other objectors, who feared that guns would be built which might become obsolete before they were needed, and who desired to await a time when something like perfection had been attained in the art of gun making, had more reason on their side, when that period of change from iron to steel guns was in progress about 18S0. The Call on American Steelmakers. The navy Bureau of Ordnance undertook the construction of six-inch built up steel gun in 18S0 and of two others in 1882, the metal being simply annealed. A great ad vance 3? toaae by the Army Ordnance De paijent, when in a circular letter issued to steelmaker-, in April, 1883, it called lor oil-tempered steel. The results of this circular were remarkably successful, and led to the production of oil-tempered and annealed steel in this country such as is used in all the guns now making, and is of a quality not elsewhere excelled. The period from 1833 to 1888 was well em ployed, and no other country, it s be lieved, can lay claim to more complete in vestigation in this direction, or a more tat isfactorv demonstration of the extent to which theory could be relied upon to gov ern practice in gun construction. Finally, in 18S8, when au opportunity "was given to go ahead with the manufacture ol" heavy gun in quantity, the work was entered upon with a zest bom of confidence and laudable desire to overcome in good time the handicap posse sed by the sister service. The army Run farorv then produced the A Q4-Incli Deck-Plate After First Shot Jfrom a lS-Tnch Honor. first eight-inch gun made wholly of forgings of home manufacture, and alo the first 12 inch steel gun prepared lor sen ice in this conntry. The two services, armv and navy, re to-day working independently to mate icsoii Eervice a deserved source of na tioaal confidence, and the spirit of friendly though keen emulation thus engendered is one of the best guar antees that can be given to insure good results and economical administration. The Krport on I'orlification. The policy and plans for coast defense, as now pursued, are based generally upon tne report of the board on fortification and other defenses, made in 1886. That board, as may be welt known, submitted estimates for land and harbor defenses of the prin cipal lake and seacoast ports, 27 in number, the land armament to consist chieflv of 44 16-inch, 203 12-inch, 222 10-inch and 102 8-inch steel breech-loading guns, or an ag gregate of 571 heavy guns and 700 12-inch breech-loading rifled mortars. A policy of moderate annual appropriations was inaugu rated two years later in place of that recom mended by the board, to appropriate ?21, 600,000 for the first year and 9,000,000 yearly thereafter until the completion of the work. The present policy has the ap parent merit ot providing just so much monev annually ns the bare necessities of the work demand. It has so far satisfied these demands as regards the making of guns, but unless the proper extension and development of the work is unduly re- .....! X POWDEE CHARGES stricted, appropriations of increased amounts must henceforth be provided. A point has now been reached when a gener ous rather than a restrictive policy in the matter of appropriations will conduce to economy. Up to the present time 198 of the sea coast guns and 75 of the heavy rifled mor tars have been provided for. One-half of all these guns and practically all of the mortars are made by private establishments, while the army gun factory at "Watervliet Ars?nal, New York, which will be one of the finest and best equipped shops for finish ing and assembling guns in the world, is nearing completion, and is already in con dition to machine and finish the forgings as TWELVE - INCH STEEL BEEECH-EOADINO BIFLES. fast as they can be procured for its use. Work ol the Private Ganmakera, That private industry should have a large share in this wo'rk is a natural de velopment of our institutions, wherein the key-note is commercial rather than warlike ascendancy. The amount of new business that has been created and theimprovements in methods of manufacture introduced by the necessarily rigid requirements of ma terial procured by the Government have been ot no small moment to the commercial interests oi the country. This is evidenced bT the number of firm: having important contracts with the army ordnance depart ment for completed guns, torgings, gun carriages, projectiles, powders and heavy machinery for the armv gun factory.namelv: The California Powder AYorks, Dupont Powder Works, Bethlehem Iron Company, Midvale Steel AYorks, South Boston Iron "Works, Builders' Iron Foundry, "West Point Foundry, Thomson & Houston Electric A 13-Inch SrcechrLoadlny Mortar in Spring JUlurn Carnage. Welding Company, Morgan Engineering "Works. Pond Machine Tool Company, Niles Tool "Works and the Southwark Ma chine Company. The necessity of having well equipped government factories is not, however, less mandatory. They aro needed primarily to meet emergency demands for military sup plies of everv kind, and especially new ma terial which has not, whether in kind or quantity, reached a commercial basis; and after such a status of any particular manu facture may have been attained they are not less needed to govern the cost of production and prevent the formation of "rings" among the comparatively few firms which devote themselves to specialties in the manufacture of war material. The Pacific Const toft Defenseless. There is at present no' plant of any kind adapted to the manufacture of heay guns on the Pacific coast The question whether the Government shall establish there a factory for the manufacture of the very considerable number of 'heavy gnns and mortars required for the defenses of that coast has been carefully studied by a board of army officers appointed by the President, pursuant to the act of August 18, 1890. The report of the board, which also treats of the coast facilities for steel production on the coast and other localities, has been published, and is now before Congress for us, action. j.ne ooaru mius &natauout ow heavy guns and mortars maybe required for the defenses of the Pacific coast and Puget Sound, and the report states: "The board unanimously and as strongly as possible recommends the erection on the Pacific coast of a gun factory of a capacity sneh as to enable the guns for that coast to be reeady at least as soon as those for the Atlantic and gulf coasts." General Flagler, who succeeded General Benet as chief of ordnance in January, 1891, says that at the Watervliet gun factory the first lot of 12 8-inch guns will be completed in February, when the forgings of that size will be exhausted. Meanwhile workis pro gressing upon 38 10 and 12-inch guns from forcings under deliverv. A further supplv of 33 sets of 8, 10 and 12-inch forgings have been contracted for( But the output of the factory will require that money must be granted to make contracts for additional forgings within the calendar year 1892, in order to prevent a deficiency. Gun-Carrlnges for the Seacoast General Flagler makes an earnest appeal for funds needed to increase the facilities for the manufacture of gun-carriages at the "Watertown arsenal. Unfortunately this work is some years behind the guns. Dur ing the past year available funds have been used to improve the plant at the 'Watertown arsenal, which is engaged upon alterations of existing carriages, and new 8-inch and 12 inch barbette carriages, of which a limited AND PEOJECTILES. number will be required for mounting the new guns, are being made here.. But disappearing carriages, which will en able the gun to be quickly raised to the firing position, and in the recoil lower it into a completely covered and safe position behind the parapet of the battery, will be required in the greatest number. Several carriages pf this type are in the course of manufacture or test, including an 8-inch and two 10-inch carriages ol different models. One ot these, mounting a new 12-inch, 52 ton steel gun, will very shortly be in posi tion in the defenses of Sandy Hook. The Recoil Absorbed by Springs. Carriages for mounting heavy 12-inch rifled mortars are under contract with the Builders' Iron Foundry, of Providence, R. L, partly sub-let with the Morgan Engi neering Vorks, of Alliance, O. These are aptly called the spring-return carriages. The piece is mounted upon a cross-head and recoils along slides inclosed at an angle of 50 degrees on the inner sides of the heavy cheek pieces. The recoil is absorbed by hydraulic cylinders, and also in compress ing a pile of cup-shaped (Belville) springs, strung upon a rod, on each side, in the line of recoil. The reaction of these springs causes the piece to return at once to the firing position. Another type of heavy mortar carriage (the Canet) has also been procured for trial. This acts upon the hydro-pneumatic princi ple. An air cylinder is placed centrally and connected with the two hydraulic cyl inders, one on each side. The water is partly forced out of the hydraulic cylinders in the recoil and acts upon a piston to com press the air, which then reacts to return the piece to the firing position. The modern service guns and mortars manufactured by the ordnance department for seac.oast defense are typified, by caliber, as follows : Artillery for the Seacoast. ! F CnAKGE. "? n 5 ? Mi - - n cV O Co (j ijIiiJi H.50.3.21 130 300 30.0030.1,0 256 575 52.00 J6.C6 410 1,000 14.25 10.T5 SO f30 13.00lll.76 100 S00 ASTXXXIBY. Gnn Eight-Inch, steel Ten-Inch, steel Twelve-Inch, steel , Mortars 4 Twelve-inch, C. I. lioopea... Twelve-Inch, steel Some of the 12-inch guns to be hereaftre made will be 40 feet.or 40calibers,in length. Guns of 16-inch caliber will be made as the necessary legislative approval is received. These guns will weigh 125 tons and will use a charge of 2,370 pounds of brown powder to propel a projectile weighing 2,370 pounds. The enormous energy of this projectile, 62.400 foot-tons, can be appreciated in stat ing that it is equivalent to the striking force of a 6,000-ton ram moving at the rate of 17 knots an hour. Very interesting and full of portent for the future have been the trials ofsmokeless powder fired from the 8 and 10-inch sea coast gunB at Sandy Hook during the past V' front View of the broken Deck-Plate. year. A charge of 50 pounds of this pow der, little more than one-third of the serv ice charge of brown powder, gave the 300 pound projectile of the 8-inch gun a velocity ot 2,162 feet and the energy ot 9,720 foot-tons, with a pressure not exceed ing the capacity of the gun a performance heretofore unexcelled. One very important result to ioliow from the adoption of the smokeless powdei will be that, as, ceteris paribus, the force of the recoil decreases with the weight of the powder charge, the difficulties of the carriage construction will be lessened. Can Reach Five Miles to Sea. The utility and scope of the fire of the heavy 12-inch rifled mortars continues to PEETSBUlfff "mSPATOOC NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. DUQUESNE PITTSBURG'S LEADING THEATER. David Henderson arid John W. Norton Managers. Week Commencing Jan. 4, '92. Wednesday-MATINEES-Saturday. 1 CARROLL JOHN IN HIS REFINED IRISH COMEDY DRAMA, THE GOSSOON BY E. E. DON'T FHt TO SEE The Lakes of Killarneyjn. Summer. The Lakes of Killarney in Winter. The Home of the Gossoon. The Old Hunting Lodge. The Open Country by Moonlight. The Struggle in the Snow. The Unroofing of the Cabin. The Grandest Effect Ever Presented on any stage. NO PIKES, LOST WILLS, MORTGAGES, CARICA TURES OF THE CLERGY INFORMERS. liIncidental to The Gossoon CARROLL JOHNSON will sing his latest songs, "THE IRISH ARE TRUE," "SWEET ANNABEL," "WEDDING BELLS," etc. All Scenery and Effects by MOHN & BECKER, Union Square Theater, New York City. Mechanical Effects by GEOEGE PURVIS. SEATS NOW ON SALE. PRICE $1, 75c, 50c, 25c. POPULAR PRICE MATINEE WEDNESDAY. NEXT ATTRACIIONFarewell Appearance Mr. and Mrs. KendaL ja3-38 develop as the trials at Sandy Hook are ex tended. They constitute very poweriul and effective weapons of defense, which can be properly utilized only on land being prac tically useless to mount on shipboard, where the platform is too unstable to secure accu racy of. fire. .Hostile ships approaching within arange of five miles of the shore bat teries will find themselves in a Tcry dan gerous neighborhood. Targets made over water have Ehown that 67 per cent of the shot struck within the space of a ship deck 330 feet long by 60 feet wide if taken bow on, and 14 per cent, if .bnmciside on, at a range of five and one-half miles. At about one mile range the percentages of hits for the two positions ot the target were found to be 92 and 43 respectivelv. Vessels of whatever kindare most vulner able to the high angle fire delivered by these pieces, by which even the armored decks will be readily pierced or shattered by the heavy projectile, as experiments have demonstrated. The projectiles now used will be supplemented by steel shell of 1,000 pounds weight, containing a powerful bursting charge. Hott to Protect Tour.Valnaliles. How often do we read in the newspapers about houses being robbed ot large sums of money and valuable papers and jewels? It is easy and cheap to guard against being de spoiled in this way. How? By renting a box In the 1'ire and Burglar Proof Safe De posit Vaults, German National Bank, Wood street and Sixth avenue. Here you will find security for your valuables at a very trifling cost, with the key in your own pos session. TVbU A .A .A .A .A .A .A . A . A ...A..A.A... n RHEUMATIC ' Jf PAINS SrJ Stop anointing, ( i J7 Wit EP0' a' aces p-Iyy wood's i PENETRATING pIK " ' continuously. Its . " 17 1 flCTCE? special power to rLPtQItrV dilate the pores, ,. penetrate deeplyandstoppain, renders 1 it far superior to ordinary porous . plasters. . , 1 1 ' N.Y. Depot, 9 William St.r i The Thuma Dancing Academy, NO. 64 FODRTH AVENUE, ESTABLISHED 1883. NINTH YEAR. Openins ot secondi session. Everv even ing ot weeks commencing January 4 and 11, 8W. SPECIAL ADVANTAGES FOR BEGINNERS. Office open day and evening. jan3-19 OUR MOTTO: LOW TRICES. I YOUR MOTTO: SAVE MONEY. SIXTH ST. AND PENN AVE. Manufacturing and Importing Retailers. WILL COMMENCE ON MONDAY Ever inaugurated in this city. WORTH OF WINTER CLOAKS Must be sold regardless of value. BHBHCTDHEH5' PAIGES COT IN TWO. Save money. Visit the PARISIAN." i $100,10 SUNDAY JANTJABT 1 KIDDER. THE GOSSOON. Bernard Mallay. RodyDugan. Percival Kirke. Collin. Dandy Darraugh. Rose, Annabel. Pansy. J THE PIG. HARRIS'THEATER. Mrs. r. Harris, R. L. Brittpn, T. F. Dean, Proprietors and Managers. Popular Prices Always Prevail at Harris' .Theater, 10, 15 and 25 Cents ! WEEK COMMENCING MONDAY, JAN. 4. Every Afternoon and Evening. DEVOY&.SMILEY'S In conjunction with ROBERT STICKHEY'S CIRCUS Presenting a Performance Thoroughly ML AND BRILLIANT. Week of Jan. 11-JAMES H. WALLICK. ja3-S0 ACADEMY. lirtii, JaiarN. Matinees Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Mr. Sam Bernard, Miss May Adams, Smith and Lord, Miss Lizzie B. Raymond, Fitzgerald and Kelly, 20 Handsome Ladles 20 The Grand Military First Part and a Hew Burlesque. 10 FO fli JANUARY 11, THE IRWIN BROS.' SPECIALTY CO. ja3-52 SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA OF NEW YORK. WALTER DAMROSCH. Conductor TWO GRAND CONCERTS, January & and 6, Tuesday and Wednesday Erenins, at CYCL0RAMA AUDITORIUM, ALLEGHENY. PRICES $3 00, $1 60 and $1 00. Tickets now on sale at Mellor & Hoene's, Pittsbartf, and Aler. Ross', Allegheny. Jn3-68 D. L. Down's Health Exerciser. Far Brils-werterj b Sesentir? People: Gentlemen, Ladle. Ttralts; Atlltte or Invalid. A complete grmnaamm. Takes up but 6 In quare nior room ; sew, scientific, durable crniptehfutlye, cheap. Indoraea by M.000 jjbjilcbM, lawyers, clerejnen, edit on & abut now nslrg it. Send fbrlltastrated c!r cnlr140eniaTlne,rocbare. Prof. 8rl HARRY WILLIAIS HiHmfiXSiiS (xusx-auu.) cUOoltuie,E"tiaabt1iewYojfc 3,' ,1892. POPULAR WITH THE PEOPLE. Ballet, Pantomimic Comedy, Spectacle, Heroic Drama! A Merry Harlequinade and a World of Novelties for Our Holidays and Glory Nights 1 1 1 Everything Absolutely New From the Opening Scene to the Transformation ! W J. GILMORE'S OWN MAJESTIC REVELATION, Presented Under the Management of Chas. H. Yale, THE EVERGREEN FOREST OF TEMPTATI The Most Extensivo Indoor Show in All America! A Fortune in Wardrobe, Paint and Canvas ! 4 PARISIAN PREMIERS 4! 80 INTHE CORPS DE BALLET 80! 125-PEOPLE IN THE REPRESENTATION 125! The Three Brothers LA MARTIN E! The Eccentric Russians Salamonskysl DELHAUER, THE "HUMAN FROG1" SIGNORITA PAPARILO FRAULEIN NEUMANN and the Phenomenal CHITTEN SISTERS I Jr'H & & J?ifi PRICES Jan. II Ghas.T. HARRY DAVIS' FIFTH AVENUE -TOOTH ja.i CREATED BY DANIEL BOONE AND Mile. WLU CARL0TTA Has induced Manager Davis to re. engage the King and Queen of LION TAMERS For one -week more at the enormous salary of $1,M0. This will poitively he their last appearance in Pittsburj, as they are hooked to appear in the leading thea teis of Great Britain the present sea eon. Their troupe of five trained lion3 are the monster beasts that appeared in the first production oftliegt eat spectacleof "Nero" at Niblo's Garden. Their act is intensely thrilling, and must be seen to be appre ciated. They perform the most marvelous : : : : : teats. : : : : : A host of other strange and interest ing curios. i IN THE THEATER. Next week THE GREAT LALOO. SEE HIM. Jal-Sl SECOND TERM. 'S 63, 65 and 67 Fourth Av. (SECOND FLOOR.) BEGINNERS' CLASSES Tuesday, Wed nesday and Thursday evenings. ADVANCED CLAfaSES-ilonday and Fri day evenin:r. CHILDREN'S CLASSES (Advanced and Beginners) Saturday afternoon, 1 to 5 o'clock. Three teachers in eaoh class. TUITION Onp quarter, 10 lessons, $3 00. ja240 PROF. JAMES P. BROOK'S (Member of the American bocieiy of Profes sors of Dancing, New York.) DANCING ACADEMY, Liberty av. and Sixth St. Second term for misses And masters will begin Saturday, January 2, at 3 o'clock r. it For ladies and gentlemen, Monday, January A. nf.fl A'tvlM!? -v V flail (rrm .l..nl... MUSEUM M Binni THE STUPENDOUS ! IiWw mnsiastoro. de27-& NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. THEATRE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF R. M. GULICK & CO. TW WiJ GILMORES LEGENDARY 5P VjfctJvUf(TE3:.50D RESERVED SEATS Ellis in "CASPER, THE n r''iSsSsSSZ.iu.HS! ALVN CHARLES L DAVIS Owner and Manager. WEEK JANUARY 4. TO-MORROW NIGHT Mr. A. M. PALMER'S Company will give the first production of the Greatest Dramatic Triumph of the Age, ALA A STORY OF THE SUNNY SOUTH, ' BY AUGUSTUS THOMAS. MATINEES WEDNESDAY AND SATURDAY. WEEK JAN. ii MR. G R A Mr. E. D. Wilt MONDAY, Matinees Wednesday and Saturday. THE POWERFUL FR rat TON -xsc- A DRAMA OF INTENSE HUMAN INTEREST. By CLAY GREENE, Esq. PPPCQ. 15c,'25c,50c,75c,S1.00. i.nlULO. Wednesday Matinee: 25c, 50c Reserved. SEXT WEEK-DUFF OPEM ELvE ECTACLEf THE THE U TOTRE II iJTIIEE. T B YODLER."-Jan II. de31-21 HENRY E. DIXEY. ja3-I5 OPERA HOUSE. Proprietor and Manager. JANUARY 4, ROMANTIC ACTORS, IE COMl REPERTOIRE. OIS s k ? S f 0 m Mil JLjy E JF g " OEM jas-n r a f 3M i - V ,., i-k. .., aick
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers