PTll .? a I "''(' : - ;r . -.-.' :. ;'.,vw v.1 r 3' i (V"" ! V " t - 1a, l FiDlf, ."OorolBfliBr'ir ,. ' t' ? ,". w , ' f H '.i'o ., ,v-eV EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILDE 1020 fe M fsl r . frv.- M Wv W s-tf i i km' ;;? ffi nll K. S'l KlR! !' IV i f E'P- Etfenma Btihlie XciW, f"?-liBLIC LEDGER COMPANY V't v'cmws it it cuntis. pmtmT YV-'J. "-"" wainnon. Vle FrM.an.t. John C. . ifafaaV), Wllllsrna. John Bpurgfnn, llr?ctora. -W,i "" j EDITOTUAt. ItOArtDi fSl lw- " sTci H- ' 0ti, Chairman t (I .'i'JUATlV M. OJHL.BJT.! . Editor W- . YtOKH C. MARTI". . . .Qencral "luilncM Vininr "V-r . - it ai,.KllUA .111.4 i . .,. n..!!.!.. V v ' tndyiandenca Square, rhlladtlptila. i ,'ATtAXTiO Cut rrrta-lnion DullJIntt nbtij ionx. , aua juamaon Ave. bmoiT.t , "Ill Font llulMing T. I.ftfim inns Pullcrion PnlMlriic .CmcUao.,... . . inn; Tribune nulMInf WT NBWB h' ItKALSi y7BJtlKGTO!t HlKS.lU N, K. rior, Pfnnaylvantn. Ave ri.1 14th Rt. JfW ToK ncnuo Tho Sim lliilfdlnc laftooN t)tracn...i London 7lm sunaciurnov thiims Tn Rvr.xiNO I'rnr.io Lbmeb Is aorvM to aub erlhra In rhHadelpMa and aur'ound'inr town ,t ! rata of twelvo (12) cnla pr week, payable to'tha carrier. l.'"9i.n,' " twlnti outtldo of Phllnd-lrhla, In fha Ilnl((1 Rtatefl ffttinrfft nr TTnlfd llfllni nAI. Sjf ' 11'11V P!t fr. fifty (30) centi i?r month. i, Hsr ") dollnra pr yar. payabla In odvanro. , .f " TJ "'I fnrWen fonntrlea one (It) dollar a month. t-ivrin-riiinBcnDra Tnaninir aoartRB cnanatu inat ftlft old aa lfell at hfff nddrfaa. BEtL. 390ft VAtNUT KEYSTONE. MAIV 3300 tZTA4itrf.$3 o.l rommuilfnllon fo Kvtnino PubUo , j.aotT. inatptnatnc xqunrt, rMiaattyhin. Member of tho Associated Press r9 ntlftft J tr nnitHB J- ............ ... UIKfM to tht vi for rttubltoatton of all news AaUsafcne crrdtttd ta it or not oflitra ! rrrrlilid i(lTrtn. k mt vapn-, ana alto ine ucai ntwj niiOMsncu All WnMa nt rtnuhHcntlnn nt MnrMni ifltnntchra rlti ore alto reserved" Phlleddphli, KtlJty. Orlobtr 1. KtO a rorn-YKAn prookam for riUUM)F.l.IMIIA Thlnia on which the roiI rtixtt Hie new 'aimlnlatrntlon hi concentrate Ita nttriitlom The Drtafair river bridge, A dtydocle btp vnovoh to nccommonate the lararat )i(j, ' Otvelopmrnl of the rapid trmialt ltcm. 'A coni-rntlon nnll. A buihllnp for tht Fret Uibrarv, An Art JftMrvm, Xnlarormefft of the center nupvlu. Homes to rccommojrtfr the papulation LOOPHOLES FOR DELINQUENTS fTUIEJ court decision onlorlng the incorporn- Hon n the nsscaor' H'tH of ?.000 women whose petltionR were prrvloiiMly rejected ! generous interpretntion of tin low. It 'etUblishe.i, moreover, n preeeilent of wlileh tdrantagc enn be tnkeu by tOeetori who have either been dllntory or hnve hern negleeted by (he regular nurvey sixty dnya preceding he voting dnti. y"7' In theory it might xeein a If t-ltixena eareleitA nbout obvervlng voting regulntioni !, 'weve henceforth to be leniently favored. ,, Praiitlcally. however, fenrs on thut subject jl may be safely allayed. Of several hundred thouxaiui women not naneiiscd, only a relative handful displayed sufficient political pride to push their ense. tThotiHandf) of men wlm are debarred from registering this fall hove given no sign of nnoynncc or of anxiety for rctlrc'. The 3000 women who were really In earnest appear, on the whole, to have tie- erred their enfranchisement. 'A JUST TAXATION PLAN ' A NYTHINO constituting nddltional drains on the public pocketbook Is annoying. ,If, a N forecast. ."0.000 property holder In Philadelphia are soon to be notified that their assessment has been increased, their delight In tho news will be inconsiderable. And yet as a fair means cif swelling the municipal revenues nnd adjusting them to municipal expenses it Js not rnsy to conceive a more reasonable move than that of at-ess-ment revision. Heal estate alnes in I'hlla dclphla have undergone many radical changes within the last two or three years. It is perfectly just that these alterations, whether upward or downward, be recognized. The particular reason for the present re rl.'ion is the repugnance to raising the tax rate this year. The general principle is not necessarily involved in the specific emer gency. Checking up the r.lilfts in real estnt values should be port of the function) of ny efficient civic administration, nnd in this respect tho record of Philadelphia hn not been conspicuously good. r THE GREAT GAME A SHADOW." tragleall whispers a contemporary in the course of n dis cussion of the baseball scnndnl. "has fallen on tnc world's series!" A shadow? Viewed from n distance, .In thing that has fallen upon the world's series rBcems more or less like u good-si.ed brick house. There is one source of coiiMilntiiiu for the fans, though for the time being noth ing said or done nt the scnndnl inquiry can take the sting out of the essential fact. Mm 'higher up In the game as well as the plajers t .."tfrdinarily regarded ns most representative 1W ' m rf l !..! . .1.1. l.i . Dlg-ieague spun neein ui mix writing to come out clean I he corruption was IsnAtt mA ffmi I It a mi tu if In (1 nil tf it-a a tcj-t1r t n , ilCr DP rom "le bottom. , A world s series more or less is nothing "now. The world hns been told I hut "the gam? was crooked." nnd the possihle psy. ehologleol effect of that single thought is incalculable. Certainly the championship kgames.will be plajed out under a cloud. To those who are more deeply interested that should not matter They should try to let the full light into everv nook and crnnnv of their league affairs while the general public. pand especially the fans, are In a mood lo look and pay utter tlon Quibbling mid ewi alons wHl be utterly fatal. It Is possible to Imagine a condition of affairs from which the country would turn with a shrug of dis gust and utter disillusionment, mid If such MMmllt Inn la nn.tnllln.1 .. .11 1 ,.l.l &: .WMM.wM ,n iil, ,1.,,-u iy lll'YCjlll me laitll W AT that is at the heart of fandnm will )w. .nn. forever and professional ball will never he Tht it was before the storv of the fixers gofinto print. a - - " uneu to oe supposed tnot a Dig game could not be thrown. Now we know that -b J.-...V . ....v Miwu. iur uig-ieague managers may be able to reassure their J patrons that such thlugs cannot happen "galn. J' they do It will be only through pitiless frankness and a plain inteutlon to pare no one In the current disclosures. ,. THE CASE OF HECKLERS ?U DEMOCRATIC Crand Headquaiters jX. the scribes and the minstrels and nil the If heralds of woe were hurriedly summoned to !. tnak'e the air ring with doleful sound when V thOjnewircanie from Baltimore of a man who 1 ' r'wM rrested for interrupting one of Mr, Harding's speeches with a shouted query. . MiV'Co on the stump is a great obllger. Hrwlll answer any question put at him tt)UiW pausing to worry or even to think. Between his method and Mr. Harding's there Is ttarge difference. Some men have n delicacy, about saying things which they do aot believe ana tney win not attempt to rsme every highly involved question with a Beat little epigram. Hecklers of the sort most In evidence nt Republican and Democratic campaign meet ings do not move ordinary minds to admira tion or even to tolerance. They hurl ques Itioas Only because they do not dare to hurl anything else. H isn't enlightenment that ' post of them seek, It la trouble. The man - I goes to a meeting to quiz a candidate 'J put rational query, He asks a k Anl.1iH nninlnn about matters that ilnvviTA """v" --,, , , . . -. v - iUat plct , fl oven auperneiany neDaiea in less iSy?"" ?'J . ,5ssr Hr ltw ' n ,0Pa ana tie u ' JtW&Sfrt It trueyell a hater deut Wllnon didn't get ui into tho war until he had received his orders from the king of Kngland?" "Will you deny," demands the heckler of Mr. Harding, "that an ollgarchv of senators is trying to run the country and that these men will hnve us In a new war If you are elected?" These queries vary with latitude and longi tude, but they are almost always In the same spirit. They echo prejudice, bigotry, or, more often, Ignorance. At Haltituore th heckler was offensive in his manner and he was quieted nnd put out. Since he seems to have wished merely to interrupt an or derly meeting, he got only what was coin ing to him. HARDING IS FOR WHAT IS SOUND IN PROORESSIVISM The Democrats Are Spreading Their Net In Vain In Sight of the Roose velt Following OKXATOR IIAItniNO'S excursion from ' -' flip front nnrcli 1ms linen Hiipcessfiil. It I has demonstrated his ability to get cloe to the people on the platform and to convince them of his fitues for the presidency. All of the ictiorts indicate that his nuillences M.pre gratified to lenrn that the next Presi dent Is to be such ii man as he. The people liked the temper of his speeches no less tha'n the dignltv of his bearing. The effect of the excursion on the senator himself was ns gratifying as its effect on the people who snw nnd heard him. It hns given him n new enthusiasm which those ubont him could not help noting. It lias enabled liim to get a direct impression of the things the people arc thinking about, nnd his future speeches are likely to be colored by what he has learned while absent from Mnrlon. Indeed, the speech which he de livered today on his return home shows the influence of his contact with the people who nre expecting to vote for him In No vember. Ills theme was social justice ami the way to secure It. The speech might be called an answer to the recent announcement that n group of former null Moors were sup porting Cox. The Democrats have been doing their best to attract the support of the men who followed Roosevelt In the campaign of 1012. President Wilson began it n long time ago. The discovery that there were millions of Republicans who had ideals and would follow them even to the extent of bolting the regular party ticket encouraged the Democrats to believe that thc-e same Republicans mieht be coaxed Into the Demo cratic partv. Hut the events have not jus tilled this hope. Instead, they hnve proved that the Democrats arc ns ineanahle of read ing the signs of the times ns they nre of the efficient conduct of the national government. The men who bolted with Roosevelt were Republicans nnd they have remained Repub licans. Thev nre acting with their partv this year. They know thnt the aspirations of 1012 are more likelv to be realized under n Repub'lcnu administration in Washington than under any other leadership. And the Democrats ought to know Ihnt the ancient Oriental was wise In his day and generation when he nld that "surely in vain the net is spread in the sight of any bird." Hut thev don't know it. nnd they nre spreading their net nnd halting it with such succulent morse's as they think will nttrnct the unwary. The decoys set up in front of the net in the person of the group of former Hull Moosth will deceive no one. They never hail any following ami most of them were originally DemnrraN anyway. Such n practical program for the estab lishment of social justice as tho country is looking for must come from Senator Hard ing's pnrt.. Tho senator is not content with uttering n pious aspiration. lie told the crowds that pressed upon him nt Marlon today thnt "there can be no moie efficient way of advancing a humauitnrliiu piogrnm than b ndaiitlug the machinery of our fed eral government to the purposes we desire to attain." Then lie announced that when the time comes fur us to reorganize the administrative government in Washington "we must all stand together for the rreatlnn of n depart ment of public welfare." His program looks to the concentration in this new department of the bureau of child welfnie and nil other similar bureaus, so that the., may work In harmony instead of in conflict as tit present. The Democrats have hud nenrlv eight cnrs In which to do something like Ibis, hut thev were so biis trying to attract the votes of the former Republican bolters that they forgot to do those things which the bolters thought the government should do. The senator not only announced his pui posc to bring about the creation of the new goierumental department of public welfare, but he aligned himself with those who lire deinnndiiig an eight-hour dav for women workers and equal pa for equal work re gardless of s,. And he promised to do what was possible under the constitution to secure justice for women and children. He seeks Justice utsn between empoers nnd all emplojps, and be remarked that he regarded It "as one of the humane func tions of which our government is capable to saturate the industrial life of our country with a spirit which will tend to reunite pur tlen of discord," and that spirit he indicated is the spirit of fair play nnd human brother hood. Hut no matter what humane laws mav he passed, they are useless, ns the senator pointed nut. unless the) nre enforced. lie said that it was not the business of the President to decide whether he would exe cute a law. He must execute all the laws whether he likes them or not. This Is n commonplace, but It has Its per tinence at the present time when one of the most far-reaching social laws passed In the history of the country is laughed nt by those against whose occupation it is directed. As to this the senator snid "We must nil con demn without qualification the failure of the enforcement of prohibition, just ns wc nil condemn the failure of established authority to prevent outrages of violence such ns hnching." The soundness of the senator's thinking is Indicated b) the nnuniinccment of his do termination to avoid "the fearful results of bureaucruc)." Wc hnve seen what bu reaucracy con do in meddling with the af fairs of the people in tho last three years, and we have seen the reluctance of the Democratic administration to abolish the bureaus which It established during the war. Ah between n military bureaucracy such as Russia used to suffer from nnd n bureau cracy of social rules and regulations, the senntor would prefer the military system as tho less oppressive, but he would ovoid both. Tho social legislation he fuvors nnd the method he would employ to execute it would be such ns to bring about the removal of abuses rather than the loading on the people of abuses worse than those under which they now lnbor. The senator is evidently In hparty sym pathy with all those reforms demanded in the Progressive platform of 1012 which have survived In the popular thinking. And his attitude and the attitude of the party nt large Justifies the remark made at the time that no practicable reform which the Pro gressives sought was opposed by tho Repuh llcaus in 1012 nnd that the Progressive re forms which tli? Republicans opposed were not practicable. Na party is advocating the mere fads of tho old Progressive program today. They have, been forgotten,' and the old Progressives ore active Republicans how because they know that Republicanism stands for constructive progress nnd hns always stood for it. Tho emotionalists who stand oil the side lines nnd shout nevfrr have done, their share In pulling the load and never will. They exhaust their energies In telling the men sweating under tiie collar what to do. Once In a while the man on the job takes time to answer ' them ns Lincoln nnswercd Carl Scluire when he criticized his conduct of the war. Lincoln wrote thnt he was doing the best he could to put down the rebellion, but If Hcliurz knew of a better way he would like to know what It was, "but If you don't know a better way," he said In substance, "for heaven's sake keep still." Senator Hording, who is nbout to assume the duties of the presidenc. , appreciates tho responsibilities and limitations of the ofilce, ns he has plainly Indicated In a , dozcii speeches, and he Is likely to have the hearty co-operation of all thoxe members of his pnrty with whom he must work if his ad ministration is to be made successful within constitutional lines. SCHOOL BOARD OPPORTUNITIES MR. (IRATZ'S announced determination to resign from the Hoard of Rdiicntion nnd hints thnt three other retirements may follow impose upon the nonpartisan ap pointing body responsibilities differing from nny which it hns felt In years. The judges, who hnve the naming author ity, ore not usunlly called upon to determine suddenly the general character of the board. Vacancies hnve been comparatively Infre quent and Isolated appointments have natu rally wrought changes that were extremely gradual. Four newcomers nt once could conceivably greatly alter the complexion of the .board. Mr. (tratz suggests thnt both youth and womanhood be recognized ns ponslble assets. Dimner Reeber, Intlmnting that he will be n member of the retiring group, stresses the drnfts upon time made by the school-board work. All three factors warrant serious con structive attention by the honrd of judges. Certainly the average age of the board is at present too high. Assuredly, also, the character of the school system renders the advisability of appointing one or two women entirely obvious. And perhaps even more vitally Important is tiie need for ohtnlnlug members who can devote themselves con sistently to their administrative duties. On Kcvernl occasions last summer the lack of n quorum seriously einbnrrnsseil the board's work, and It Is concelvnble thnt had these meetings been fully attended the loan would have been more easily floated and tiiinncinl relief for the teachers would not hnve lagged as it lias. On this point Mr. (iratz. doclariug that he will not lenve until the sclnry controversy is finished, spenks ns a conscientious public official. On the whole. It mny he said that this stand is consistent with his long service record Indeed, it is not so much the intent of the Honrd of Kdiicntlnn which can he im pugned as methods in which ultra-conservatism has been overdeveloped. The caution born of experience is, of course, by no means to be despised. What is needed in the Hoard of Education is a sober balance between the old nnd the new In educational staudartls and administrative 1 methods, nnd it is this desirable menn which the judges, with novel opportunities, should seek to establish. GOMPERS AND THE RADICALS mllR significance of Mr. Oompers's formal break with lnbor lenders now in the saddle in Knglnnd is broad and deep broader and deeper than surface indications would lend the ordinary reader to believe. Kvcnts in Europe, nnd particularly in Rrlt uin. have been shaping rapidly toward n crisis between the elected representatives of government mid the elected representatives of labor. I.enine hns lost in Russia. He is trying to win in England nnd in Itulv. The Hritisli Labor party expanded tre mendously during nnd imuieilintel) after the war. ami for a time it wns led In nble nnd j conservative men, who desired to make it an efficient ngeney for the iidvniieeinent of purely democratic purposes. More recentlv an energetic group of Drltlsh labor leaders have tome under the inllucn f Moscow. The means by which the Tlnlshevists achieved that conquest was indlcnted when the editors of the Herald, the o-gnn of Hiitish radical labor, admitted that half a million dollnrs was sent from Russia to help their news paper Transport strikes nnd the organized efforts of the miners' unions to intimidate England revealed the desire of radical labor men to dictate, through tiie Labor pnrty. to I'm (lament and the premier. Efforts of foreign ugitntors to change the traditional policy of the American' Federa tion of Labor have been futile Hut gentle men's agreements of u soit hnve been in formation between the conservatives in Hiitiih nnd American labor. It Is through the Hiitish Labor part), therefore, that the agents of bolshevism have moie recently been tr.iing to influence imilc-uuiou opinion in this country. They oflVicd not out-nnd-out bolshevism, but a diluted brand. The Uritish Laburitcs eleaily followed the lead of Russia when they so influenced opinion among transport men nnd miners ns to leave the empire unable to wage even u defensive war without their consent In England, therefore, the effort of radical labor men has bi en to establish n sort of supcrgovernment of nodes unionists whose orders tho Parlin ment and the people would hove to take in even important Instance. It is inconceivable, of course, thnt any ngenc) but the elected nnd established gov ernment should have the final decision iu any matter of national or luternutlnnal poiicy. Vet If tho Amerlcau Federation of Labor wero to follow the example of the Hritisli Labor party, Washington would have to have the consent of the federation before preparations for uny sort of wur were tin dei taken, even though the country were sud denly menaced h) n powerful enemy. It is not surprising thnt (iompers bluntly refused to sanction tho schemi! for informal and international eo-operation of lubor organi zations to thrust tho established government into the background. The chief of the fed eration merely noted iu accordance with n policy clearly enunciated for Americnu labor at the recent conference in Montreal, where the world wns informed that trades unionists iu this country would in no case net in any way to aid or encourage sovletism. What is significant is the extent to which Lenlno's propagandists nre pushing their efforts. To suppose thnt they want nation alized rallrouds or nationalized mines alone is to reveal a dangerous Innocence of Bol shevist alms. They want, instead, to train ull their converts to a belief in direct notion. It Is direct action that left Russia in chaos and prostrate before so small an adversary us Poland. It in direct action that Is steer ing Italy's industry system into utter ills older. The Communists in Italy nre swiftly cuttlug off tho coinmcrrn of their country from a world that docs not and cannot know how to deal with them. And this is pre cisely what Moscow desires, slnco the aim of Lenlne, clearly stated a hundred times, Is not order but chaos, Bolshevism iloesnt seek to coinpcto with democratic Institutions. It seeks, froukly to destroy them in order that it may experiment freely and build ita own particular empire of tyranny above the rulna. - AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT Members and Methods of a Great Manufacturing Family Discussed . and Analyzed By SARAH D. LOWRIE I WAS very much flattered the other day to have one of the Manchester Cheneys submit for my criticism a scries of papers that had been written on" the Cheneys' methods of carrying on their great indus trial plant for manufacturing silk, frqm their grandfathers' days to their own. The papers treated of the relationship between employers and employes for three generations. During the more than half century that the silk mills of South Man chester, Conn,, have mndc Cheney silks ,n staple article of trade throughout the country, one family, and.ono fnmlly only, has kept the administration of the huge business In Its own hands, as well ns under' its own name. , But then it is n huge family! The two sous of tho founder of the business had nearly a full dozen children each) with a preponderance of sons. Those children, most of them, married early and have had in their turn large families, with a pre ponderance of sons. Something like forty two cousins nt a family festival Is not un common. And apparently theso sons and sons' sons nnd now the grnndsous follow the family tradition and enter the family business. TO BE sure the fnmlly business has now come to Include many businesses ns well as many professions, not to speak of some of tiie arts, just as the family property In-' chides a whole town, with churches, schools, playgrounds, movies, stores, houses nnd parks, besides factory buildings, dyehouses, electric plants, warehouses, railways, of fices and what not. One can be n civil en gineer, n bauker, an artist, a globe trotter, a retail merchant, a manufacturer, an Im porter, nn exporter, a scientist, a lawyer, n teacher, an administrator or n laboratory technlclnn nnd still be nbout the Cheney business ns one of the Cheney family. There nre limits, I think, however, ns to chnrocter nnd morale and point of view which ench Cheney must possess before he is Involved In the great family 'enterprise. The type is very strong, even in this fourth generation nud I hnve known three generations in spite of the fact that the collaterals do not Intermarry, which ought by now to hnve innde for salient differences rather than recognizable resemblances. THEY are n shy, serious, slow-spcaklng family. Their mental processes go on behind rather unresponsive exteriors. In companionship they appear to get more than they give in the matter of the common chntige of conversation, but one realizes they possess largo funds of generosity, which they administer with a' sort of ceremonious reti cence that must iu some cases slightly baffle the recipients in nny effusion of re sponse. The large, cnlm lutnke of impressions of which they one und nil seem so phenomenally capable is offset by the oddest frenk of contrariness they are nil of them born mimics ! They will emerge from some socinl con tact, where they have displayed only the most cnnu'iitiotinl of receptive virtues, with the Idioms, gestures. Idiosyncrasies of char acter tho very facial contortions of their late vls-n-yis done to the life. They who never gossip, who judge even with so slow n caution ns to rob their spoken opinions of nnything quotable, either for good or evil, by tills qtilck flash of memory for observed trnits render the most livelj nud telling Judgment possible on their fellows that of fchrewd, umused caricature. THIS enmbiuntiou of imagination for char acteristic details and their caution in displaying their own wares in conversation or in opinions is whnt has made them good innsters toward the thousands of workmen, artisans, laborers, craftsmen nnd office ex perts that have lived for three generations in their employ. It is also whnt lias made possible their slow but continuous clinuge of methods from the patriarchal system through the foremen system to the present gradually un folding committee s.VHtem which is slowly dcmocrntl.iug lubor. They hnve retained throughout the tradi tion of the founder of the works, viz., the co-opcrutive idrul. Under the stress of modern unrest und modern temporizing for the success of the present, they have held as tcuneiousl) to the belief thut there is u point of contact between emiilover uml m. plows where the Intel ests or both are iden tical; thnt sin cess fur the master spells suc cess for the man. They give one the impression of liming always, sought thut point of contact, nud to have found it. each generation for itself, by u difleieiit hut always conscientious, ul wu)M painstukiug. patient consideration of ull the facts, nud u sober scrapping of ull the nonessentials. THE mini) sis of those reports 1 read all verged towmd one conclusion, viz.: Thnt only by direct contact of employer with the individual cmplo.w could either get the best out of each. As pioccsses multiplied, nnd the whole relationship of lubor to cnpitul umpllflcs nud betoines moie intricate, the menus by which this point of contact is maintained become more of a science, less dependent on mere good feeling. Some of the scientific processes for this contact of eiuplo)cr with the emplojea us Individuals, recent us has been their emer gence out oi me welter of Ideas, hnve hud to be scrapped ns ineffectual. Jlueli of the so-called wellme work, much of the prollt shuriug, some of the insurance and bonus arrangements for ornamenting the payrolls, have proved biiidensome without bringing commensurate sutisfnetion. The whole Intiiiatc process Is In M state of evolving, at huge cost of observation tuliulatlon, weighing und ndju.stlng. The making and the selling of silk from the grub to the retail lountcr is simple compared to it. WHAT strikes i,e s the persistence of these Chine) brothers and uncles and nephews und cousins, sons und sonH-in-luw is their veneration for the pust idenls ami their fulth that those ideals will hold good for the future. For mere ideas as such thev have verv little even simulated interest. Their method is to pin them down with one objection und, so fui as their interest goes, leave them to flutter out. The objection of one of them In iiilllliritlt'M llllll-nln!i, n.i .. 1 - . " ""-' "".huiuuii, urgcu uy tiie American redeiution of Lnbor and Mr (tampers is characteristic : ' "Collective bargaining is permissible yes' In theory It is piobably the best wny to bargain nt present. If by collective bar gnining is mount the bargaining of labor by trade groups. Hut lf.it means what Mr (lompeiH means, bargaining by trade groups only through tho union, it Is JiiNt another word for the closed shop. And the closed shop is undemocratic." , . Tho Seat of War rrcrni '"' Kanaas City Star The average small boy fairly glows with courage when listening to the destructive do tails of grenade nnd machine-gun fire. The only thlug that makes him squirm and turn pale Is mention of a hairbrush. We'll Be Tenting Tonight "row the Now Ynrlc American. Ouco It was cheaper to movo tnnn to pay rent, but now jou can't get a cliniicu to do either. Hunting Trouble The Hun and New York Heruld. Some persons throw themselves In front of motor cars; others strive to meet Mr McOraw socially. Two Interesting Facta From the Bun and Now York Herald. Tho frost is on the pumpkin and corn la down to a dollar, ; ' i&u? ,. . n x3$' i irffij4iiic vjw V w . v j" -ur 'i i -- "-! "V '"Hu 't:St wafeL-siS v Ss, ""'V -v. - '''-4y:-:: " -i " -. n - n. l NOW MY IDEA IS THIS ! Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphiais on Subjects They Know Best GEORGE W. NORRIS On Currency and Credit A SMALL corner room, plainly furnished with n flat-ton desk, four chnirs, a coat cupboard and u filing case, is the office of George W. Norrls. governor of the federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia a bank with resoiuces of "tfOO.OOO.OOO nnd one of the twelve Federal Reserve Bnnks whose com bined resources have grown in six J cars to exceed ?0,000,000,000. - Mr. Norris's activities In life hnve been varied. Six years as n newspaper icporter, six as n practicing lawyer, eighteen us un Investment banker, four as u member of Mnvor Blaiikenhurg's cabinet and four in the service of the federal government ns farm loan commissioner, hnve given him n clinnce to see tilings from n good mnnv different angles und left him n good deal of sympathy for the newspaperman In senreh 'of Infor mation. It was. thorefore, in n spirit of hopeful ness that a representative of the Lvknino I'l'iu.io Lrixuni asked him what was going to be the future course of prices. Were the recent drops sporadic or sjmptnmntic? Would they go further, or go back? "I cannot give you n direct answer," he replied, "for two reasons. In the first place. I do not know. That makes the second reason superfluous, but I will ndd it, nevertheless. It is the policy of officers of the Federal Rosen, e Banks not to dis cuss the future of prices, or to hazard guesses on tho subject." Facts, Not Deductions "We collect facts with great care from inunufaetiiiers, jobbers und retailers. Once n month we report these fucts in a bulletin which bankers and business men may hove fur the nsklmr. We summarize these facts, so that busy men mny get In n few minutes ii bird's-ew view of business uml flnnncial conditions, but wo do not undertake to inter pret them or to draw deductions from them. Renders must do thnt for themselves." Asked for the reasons for this policy, he said: "Because, primarily, we hnve to do only with ouireney and credit. We deal only with member banks, not with the public. If our policies affect prices, that effect is only Incidental und unintentional. Interest rates the price of credit Is the thing most directly affected, but even there wo urc not so potential as is popularly sup posed. "If tho Reserve banks raise their redis count rates, they do not do It fur the prr poso of raising the price which the individ ual borrower must pay to tho commercial bank, but for the purpose of reducing the volume of rediscounts which those hanks call upon the Reserve banks to mako, nud the rate that they pay the Reserve banks on rediscounts of ,r per cent of their lonus ought not necessarily to control tho rate which they churgc their customers upon mo other 05 per cent. "It Is true that for nearly a year there has been an effort to reduce the volume of rediscounts with the Federal Reserve banks. It is confusing cause with effect, however, to Imagine that this lias been because the reserves ol the Reserve banks were too low nnd wero going lower. "As the sponsors for n large part of our currency, as the agencies of rediscount nnd as the custodians of the ultimate bank ing reserves of the country it is Important that these banks should be kept so strong that they would be In a position to take core of nny emergency that might arise without nny possible doubt or question ns to their ability to do It. Contraction of Credits "It is for tills icasou that the officers and dirt-dots of theso hnnks have urged upon member bunks the advantage of so limiting their demands upon the Rcservo banks that these latter banks might get back into tho position of obvious impregnability that they occupied before the war had redeced their reserves, "It Is also true that the member bunks could not nintorinlly reduce their redis counts with the Reserve hnnks vdthout re ducing their own loons and discounts to their customers, but this wns n secondnry effect, not an original objective," "Is that not n contraction o credit, and noes not." contraction oi creuii (or mods nn the market and Inovltnhlv mm. prices?" b'o was asked. siVnr neeessarllv!" ho ronlleil. A nny. ," .,.- v --- - - ---- . vw.- "STEP LIVELY!" P v J&-jS'3!nS. r traction of credits which were extended for purposes of production would limit the supply of goods nnd tend to ndvanco prices. It is when the contraction of credit hits tho speculator or tho hoarder that it has its most uinrked effect in reducing prices. "Of ooLTfC, the effort has been to make the contraction apply to these latter classes, but not to ullow it to Interfere with pro duction or orderly und natural distribution. Thnt is n difficult tnsk much too difficult for any individual or board. "The Federal Reserve Bonrd has stated the principle, but It hns wisely declined to mnke rules or definitions. Governor Holding hns said that while the credit problem wns national, nnd even international in some of its aspects, it wns, nfter all, only tho aggregate of a multitude of individual prob lems nnd thnt these problems must be solved, not by n bonrd nt Washington, or by tho boards of the Reserve banks, but by tho banks which ileal with the public and nre familiar with their customers and with the local situation. Supply nud Demand Again "We have seen a tremendous decline iu silk caused by overspcculotlon in Japan ; in wool caused by n henvy clip all over the world, and a realization of tho enormous holdings of the British (tavernment ; in sugar caused by n speculative attempt to 'cor ner' it In this country. 'The Federal Reserve system has absorbed the shock of the transition from a war to u peace basis. It bus helped to make the situution plain to bunkers nud business men. It has checked tendencies which would iu evltubly have led to ruin. It has continu ously und persistently refused to be drawn into price controversies. It has refused to 'support' wool, or cotton, or leather, or grain, or livestock, or anything else. Neither can it fairly be accused of having 'ham mered' nnything or anybody, with the pos sible exception of the New York Stock Exchange, which did have u bad half hour u yeur ago, when It was pretty plainly inti mated that Wall street was using nbout n billion dollars of credit which might more usefully be employed in assisting merchnnts und manufacturers. "If you want to know whether the price of any nrticlu Is going up or going down, don't usk nn officer of u Federal Reserve bank find out how much of that article is on hand, how much is being produced nnd how much is being consumed. Then you will hnve the answer." What Do You Knoiv? QUIZ 1 Why la u rabbit called a bunny? 2. Whut Is meant by Attlo Halt? 3. Who said "Even worthy Homer some times nods"? 4. What Is tho dog watch on a ship? G. Why Is It so cnlled? 0. What Is a flddlcy 7. Whut Is tho name for a party bringing nn appeal In n, law case? 5. Who wroto tho novel "Tho Heart of Midlothian"? 9. What are uncial letters? 10, At what longltutlo lino Is u day gained or lost In traveling around the world? " Answers to Yesterday's Quiz 1. Thirty-nine nations nre now members of tho Lcnguo of Nations. 2. Tho dominion of Poseidon In Greek mythology wus the sen. Tho Roman equivalent of the god wits Neptune. 3. The word humanitarian originally do- scribed n person who believed In tho huinnnlty rather than the divinity of Christ. 4. Perry is fermented pear Juloe. 6. Christian X Is King of Denmark. C. Tintoretto wob n celohrated Venetian painter whoso real name was Jncono llobustl. Ills dates aro 1B13-1B9I, Tho name Tintoretto Is In allusion to tliu artist's father, who was n dyer. 7. Tzlgauy mubtc Is Hungarian gipsy music. 8. Provlous to the adoption of the national convention method, candidates for tho presidency wero namod by congres sional caucusis or by btoto Uculslu tures. P. Tho dlblo trufflo Is a fungus which grows underground, a foot or more below tho Mirf.ice It Is uprooted hv iiIuh Al or dooM trnlnffrl li rln.1 Mam i... i... scent. v." Rosa II. Thorpe wroto "CurfCwMust Not ' Illiia- Tonlirht." n l " v mug Tonight." .... 'r .r i (iri IF' ?Jt -y . ,; LmX"I 'Jfp SHORT CUTS New York is the home of moving pic tures today. The enrmarks nn the loan bill arc also those of the pork barrel. Is Secretary Colby trying to put him self in the Speaker Sweet ciass? The White House sheep have at last succumbed to the back -to -the -farm move ment. It costs fifteen cents to hnve your shoes shined in Pittsburgh, but why go to Pitts burgh? Reserve policemen deprived of their lunch begin to know whnt a hunger strike is like. One cannot but. wonder how much re sponsibility for the prevailing fog rests on the political speeches being made. Perhnps the man responsible for the parole of "Hard-boiled" Smith was tho man who gave Grovcr Bergdoll a chanco to escape. Judge Brown's success may perhaps be explnlnrd by tho Artcmus Word formula: You scratch my back and I'll scratch your back. Viscount Grey says England will have to quit Ireland before tho Irish problem con be solved. But the trouble is that it can't let go. When Dudley Field Mnlono says the people nre tired of "irrelevant political hunk," it may be taken as first-hand in formation. "A guy can't be crooked part of the time nnd square tho rest of the time." said "Happy" Felsch. For tho wages of sin Is death to all peaco of ralnd. A few heart-prompted words by the Mayor concerning tho Palace of Justice might enable some of tho councllmcn to reullze just where they stand. Here and there nre to be found upright, conscientious men who show a disposition to be n trlflo ovcrcarcful as to where the chips fall when they hew to the line. Reduction in prico of nutomobiles Is forcing down tho price of steol, and a re duction In tho price of steel paves the way for nddltional wage controversies. The fact that prophets aro, by Inference, without honor in their own country will not prevent u lurge section' of tho populace on November .1 from saying, "I told you so!" The price of coffins has gone down in Green ville, S. C, and the wnges of grave diggers have been reduced : but tho low cost of dying hns, so far as is known, not In creased travel to tho southern town. Once upon n time Father Penn had a nightmare. Ho dreamed that ho was build ing n bridge over the Delaware, and every time ho prepared for on approach a Munici pal Court got In the way of his pick or shovel. Queer things, dreams. Audubon, N. J,, has nominated an en gineer for Council because of his ability to piny "Home, Sweet Home" on a locomotive whistle. One wonders If ho could hnve mode the riffle with "A Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight"? The German delegate to tho Interna tional conference In Brussels says thnt finan cial prospertn In Germany aro not desperate nnd thnt willingness to wnrk Is rovivin6 everywhere. An effect traced immediately to Its cause; and a lesson, Into the bnrgaln, to the rest of the world. Wo may learn from those who have despitefuily used us. Evidence that tho premium on American gold Is not all "velvet" Is afforded by the fact that a French shipbuilding firm, seek ing American business, Is offering to build tankers at a price (worked out on the present exchnnge rate) of $107,150 a ton, while quotations In American yards, run from $200 to ?22fi ton. On, tho pre-.war monetary basis tho French bid would haya nmounted to $500 n ton, Ono vayr or aa' other", everybody has, ip pay, . i L V I WM-lk . !l .i , ' ,,. V ''A' . IMHlBfclaakZa2 kfl 6i- j, ' raWtt-Jiferft frtflfft-. tk.w y6lalSr..s, j.J fo'A.ViJAn.r. JT.U.,. ,.v .... . ii.. ifrtlAi.''. . Mj I - - . .1. , il.4 ... A ,. '. m ii- . wmmmfm"7fmirnMmrwwmm .iitiiftrA)jt.'t:it)ksk! . rr. p .'-j. uULi, jia TV V JH 1 i Xt$f!l aWtilaalMBtli ni i an !aMiJiMM" n I inl M f .--- r . . A.aBiaSBSBSBSBSBSBSBSk. ,j .,ti!Ar. ,. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers