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V't v'cmws it it cuntis. pmtmT
YV-'J. "-"" wainnon. Vle FrM.an.t. John C.
. ifafaaV), Wllllsrna. John Bpurgfnn, llr?ctora.
-W,i "" j EDITOTUAt. ItOArtDi
fSl lw- " sTci H- ' 0ti, Chairman
t (I .'i'JUATlV M. OJHL.BJT.! . Editor
W- . YtOKH C. MARTI". . . .Qencral "luilncM Vininr
"V-r . -
it ai,.KllUA .111.4 i . .,. n..!!.!..
V v ' tndyiandenca Square, rhlladtlptila.
i ,'ATtAXTiO Cut rrrta-lnion DullJIntt
nbtij ionx. , aua juamaon Ave.
bmoiT.t , "Ill Font llulMing
T. I.ftfim inns Pullcrion PnlMlriic
.CmcUao.,... . . inn; Tribune nulMInf
WT NBWB h' ItKALSi
y7BJtlKGTO!t HlKS.lU
N, K. rior, Pfnnaylvantn. Ave ri.1 14th Rt.
JfW ToK ncnuo Tho Sim lliilfdlnc
laftooN t)tracn...i London 7lm
sunaciurnov thiims
Tn Rvr.xiNO I'rnr.io Lbmeb Is aorvM to aub
erlhra In rhHadelpMa and aur'ound'inr town
,t ! rata of twelvo (12) cnla pr week, payable
to'tha carrier.
l.'"9i.n,' " twlnti outtldo of Phllnd-lrhla, In
fha Ilnl((1 Rtatefl ffttinrfft nr TTnlfd llfllni nAI.
Sjf ' 11'11V P!t fr. fifty (30) centi i?r month.
i, Hsr ") dollnra pr yar. payabla In odvanro.
, .f " TJ "'I fnrWen fonntrlea one (It) dollar a month.
t-ivrin-riiinBcnDra Tnaninir aoartRB cnanatu
inat ftlft old aa lfell at hfff nddrfaa.
BEtL. 390ft VAtNUT KEYSTONE. MAIV 3300
tZTA4itrf.$3 o.l rommuilfnllon fo Kvtnino PubUo
, j.aotT. inatptnatnc xqunrt, rMiaattyhin.
Member of tho Associated Press
r9 ntlftft J tr nnitHB J- ............ ...
UIKfM to tht vi for rttubltoatton of all news
AaUsafcne crrdtttd ta it or not oflitra ! rrrrlilid
i(lTrtn.
k mt vapn-, ana alto ine ucai ntwj niiOMsncu
All
WnMa nt rtnuhHcntlnn nt MnrMni ifltnntchra
rlti ore alto reserved"
Phlleddphli, KtlJty. Orlobtr 1. KtO
a rorn-YKAn prookam for
riUUM)F.l.IMIIA
Thlnia on which the roiI rtixtt Hie new
'aimlnlatrntlon hi concentrate Ita nttriitlom
The Drtafair river bridge,
A dtydocle btp vnovoh to nccommonate the
lararat )i(j, '
Otvelopmrnl of the rapid trmialt ltcm.
'A coni-rntlon nnll.
A buihllnp for tht Fret Uibrarv,
An Art JftMrvm,
Xnlarormefft of the center nupvlu.
Homes to rccommojrtfr the papulation
LOOPHOLES FOR DELINQUENTS
fTUIEJ court decision onlorlng the incorporn-
Hon n the nsscaor' H'tH of ?.000 women
whose petltionR were prrvloiiMly rejected !
generous interpretntion of tin low. It
'etUblishe.i, moreover, n preeeilent of wlileh
tdrantagc enn be tnkeu by tOeetori who have
either been dllntory or hnve hern negleeted
by (he regular nurvey sixty dnya preceding
he voting dnti.
y"7' In theory it might xeein a If t-ltixena
eareleitA nbout obvervlng voting regulntioni
!, 'weve henceforth to be leniently favored.
,, Praiitlcally. however, fenrs on thut subject
jl may be safely allayed.
Of several hundred thouxaiui women not
naneiiscd, only a relative handful displayed
sufficient political pride to push their ense.
tThotiHandf) of men wlm are debarred from
registering this fall hove given no sign of
nnoynncc or of anxiety for rctlrc'.
The 3000 women who were really In
earnest appear, on the whole, to have tie-
erred their enfranchisement.
'A JUST TAXATION PLAN
' A NYTHINO constituting nddltional drains
on the public pocketbook Is annoying.
,If, a N forecast. ."0.000 property holder
In Philadelphia are soon to be notified that
their assessment has been increased, their
delight In tho news will be inconsiderable.
And yet as a fair means cif swelling the
municipal revenues nnd adjusting them to
municipal expenses it Js not rnsy to conceive
a more reasonable move than that of at-ess-ment
revision. Heal estate alnes in I'hlla
dclphla have undergone many radical changes
within the last two or three years. It is
perfectly just that these alterations, whether
upward or downward, be recognized.
The particular reason for the present re
rl.'ion is the repugnance to raising the tax
rate this year. The general principle is not
necessarily involved in the specific emer
gency. Checking up the r.lilfts in real estnt
values should be port of the function) of
ny efficient civic administration, nnd in
this respect tho record of Philadelphia hn
not been conspicuously good.
r THE GREAT GAME
A SHADOW." tragleall whispers a
contemporary in the course of n dis
cussion of the baseball scnndnl. "has fallen
on tnc world's series!"
A shadow? Viewed from n distance, .In
thing that has fallen upon the world's series
rBcems more or less like u good-si.ed brick
house. There is one source of coiiMilntiiiu
for the fans, though for the time being noth
ing said or done nt the scnndnl inquiry can
take the sting out of the essential fact. Mm
'higher up In the game as well as the plajers
t .."tfrdinarily regarded ns most representative
1W ' m rf l !..! . .1.1. l.i .
Dlg-ieague spun neein ui mix writing to
come out clean I he corruption was
IsnAtt mA ffmi I It a mi tu if In (1 nil tf it-a a tcj-t1r t n ,
ilCr DP rom "le bottom.
, A world s series more or less is nothing
"now. The world hns been told I hut "the
gam? was crooked." nnd the possihle psy.
ehologleol effect of that single thought is
incalculable. Certainly the championship
kgames.will be plajed out under a cloud. To
those who are more deeply interested that
should not matter They should try to let
the full light into everv nook and crnnnv of
their league affairs while the general public.
pand especially the fans, are In a mood lo
look and pay utter tlon Quibbling mid ewi
alons wHl be utterly fatal. It Is possible to
Imagine a condition of affairs from which
the country would turn with a shrug of dis
gust and utter disillusionment, mid If such
MMmllt Inn la nn.tnllln.1 .. .11 1 ,.l.l
&: .WMM.wM ,n iil, ,1.,,-u iy lll'YCjlll me laitll
W AT that is at the heart of fandnm will )w. .nn.
forever and professional ball will never he
Tht it was before the storv of the fixers
gofinto print.
a - - " uneu to oe supposed tnot a Dig game
could not be thrown. Now we know that
-b J.-...V . ....v Miwu. iur uig-ieague
managers may be able to reassure their
J patrons that such thlugs cannot happen
"galn. J' they do It will be only through
pitiless frankness and a plain inteutlon to
pare no one In the current disclosures.
,. THE CASE OF HECKLERS
?U DEMOCRATIC Crand Headquaiters
jX. the scribes and the minstrels and nil the
If heralds of woe were hurriedly summoned to
!. tnak'e the air ring with doleful sound when
V thOjnewircanie from Baltimore of a man who
1 ' r'wM rrested for interrupting one of Mr,
Harding's speeches with a shouted query.
. MiV'Co on the stump is a great obllger.
Hrwlll answer any question put at him
tt)UiW pausing to worry or even to think.
Between his method and Mr. Harding's there
Is ttarge difference. Some men have n
delicacy, about saying things which they do
aot believe ana tney win not attempt to
rsme every highly involved question with a
Beat little epigram.
Hecklers of the sort most In evidence nt
Republican and Democratic campaign meet
ings do not move ordinary minds to admira
tion or even to tolerance. They hurl ques
Itioas Only because they do not dare to hurl
anything else. H isn't enlightenment that
' post of them seek, It la trouble. The man
- I goes to a meeting to quiz a candidate
'J put rational query, He asks a
k Anl.1iH nninlnn about matters that
ilnvviTA """v" --,, , , . . -. v -
iUat plct , fl
oven auperneiany neDaiea in less
iSy?"" ?'J . ,5ssr Hr ltw ' n ,0Pa ana tie u
' JtW&Sfrt It trueyell a hater
deut Wllnon didn't get ui into tho war until
he had received his orders from the king of
Kngland?" "Will you deny," demands the
heckler of Mr. Harding, "that an ollgarchv
of senators is trying to run the country and
that these men will hnve us In a new war
If you are elected?"
These queries vary with latitude and longi
tude, but they are almost always In the
same spirit. They echo prejudice, bigotry,
or, more often, Ignorance. At Haltituore th
heckler was offensive in his manner and
he was quieted nnd put out. Since he seems
to have wished merely to interrupt an or
derly meeting, he got only what was coin
ing to him.
HARDING IS FOR WHAT IS
SOUND IN PROORESSIVISM
The Democrats Are Spreading Their Net
In Vain In Sight of the Roose
velt Following
OKXATOR IIAItniNO'S excursion from '
-' flip front nnrcli 1ms linen Hiipcessfiil. It I
has demonstrated his ability to get cloe to
the people on the platform and to convince
them of his fitues for the presidency. All
of the ictiorts indicate that his nuillences
M.pre gratified to lenrn that the next Presi
dent Is to be such ii man as he. The people
liked the temper of his speeches no less tha'n
the dignltv of his bearing.
The effect of the excursion on the senator
himself was ns gratifying as its effect on the
people who snw nnd heard him. It hns
given him n new enthusiasm which those
ubont him could not help noting. It lias
enabled liim to get a direct impression of the
things the people arc thinking about, nnd
his future speeches are likely to be colored
by what he has learned while absent from
Mnrlon. Indeed, the speech which he de
livered today on his return home shows
the influence of his contact with the people
who nre expecting to vote for him In No
vember. Ills theme was social justice ami the way
to secure It. The speech might be called an
answer to the recent announcement that n
group of former null Moors were sup
porting Cox. The Democrats have been
doing their best to attract the support of the
men who followed Roosevelt In the campaign
of 1012. President Wilson began it n long
time ago. The discovery that there were
millions of Republicans who had ideals and
would follow them even to the extent of
bolting the regular party ticket encouraged
the Democrats to believe that thc-e same
Republicans mieht be coaxed Into the Demo
cratic partv. Hut the events have not jus
tilled this hope. Instead, they hnve proved
that the Democrats arc ns ineanahle of read
ing the signs of the times ns they nre of the
efficient conduct of the national government.
The men who bolted with Roosevelt were
Republicans nnd they have remained Repub
licans. Thev nre acting with their partv
this year. They know thnt the aspirations
of 1012 are more likelv to be realized under
n Repub'lcnu administration in Washington
than under any other leadership.
And the Democrats ought to know Ihnt the
ancient Oriental was wise In his day and
generation when he nld that "surely in
vain the net is spread in the sight of any
bird."
Hut thev don't know it. nnd they nre
spreading their net nnd halting it with such
succulent morse's as they think will nttrnct
the unwary. The decoys set up in front of
the net in the person of the group of former
Hull Moosth will deceive no one. They
never hail any following ami most of them
were originally DemnrraN anyway.
Such n practical program for the estab
lishment of social justice as tho country is
looking for must come from Senator Hard
ing's pnrt.. Tho senator is not content
with uttering n pious aspiration. lie told
the crowds that pressed upon him nt Marlon
today thnt "there can be no moie efficient
way of advancing a humauitnrliiu piogrnm
than b ndaiitlug the machinery of our fed
eral government to the purposes we desire
to attain."
Then lie announced that when the time
comes fur us to reorganize the administrative
government in Washington "we must all
stand together for the rreatlnn of n depart
ment of public welfare." His program looks
to the concentration in this new department
of the bureau of child welfnie and nil other
similar bureaus, so that the., may work In
harmony instead of in conflict as tit present.
The Democrats have hud nenrlv eight
cnrs In which to do something like Ibis,
hut thev were so biis trying to attract the
votes of the former Republican bolters that
they forgot to do those things which the
bolters thought the government should do.
The senator not only announced his pui
posc to bring about the creation of the new
goierumental department of public welfare,
but he aligned himself with those who lire
deinnndiiig an eight-hour dav for women
workers and equal pa for equal work re
gardless of s,. And he promised to do
what was possible under the constitution to
secure justice for women and children.
He seeks Justice utsn between empoers
nnd all emplojps, and be remarked that he
regarded It "as one of the humane func
tions of which our government is capable
to saturate the industrial life of our country
with a spirit which will tend to reunite pur
tlen of discord," and that spirit he indicated
is the spirit of fair play nnd human brother
hood. Hut no matter what humane laws mav he
passed, they are useless, ns the senator
pointed nut. unless the) nre enforced. lie
said that it was not the business of the
President to decide whether he would exe
cute a law. He must execute all the laws
whether he likes them or not.
This Is n commonplace, but It has Its per
tinence at the present time when one of the
most far-reaching social laws passed In the
history of the country is laughed nt by those
against whose occupation it is directed. As
to this the senator snid "We must nil con
demn without qualification the failure of the
enforcement of prohibition, just ns wc nil
condemn the failure of established authority
to prevent outrages of violence such ns
hnching."
The soundness of the senator's thinking
is Indicated b) the nnuniinccment of his do
termination to avoid "the fearful results
of bureaucruc)." Wc hnve seen what bu
reaucracy con do in meddling with the af
fairs of the people in tho last three years,
and we have seen the reluctance of the
Democratic administration to abolish the
bureaus which It established during the war.
Ah between n military bureaucracy such as
Russia used to suffer from nnd n bureau
cracy of social rules and regulations, the
senntor would prefer the military system as
tho less oppressive, but he would ovoid both.
Tho social legislation he fuvors nnd the
method he would employ to execute it would
be such ns to bring about the removal of
abuses rather than the loading on the people
of abuses worse than those under which they
now lnbor.
The senator is evidently In hparty sym
pathy with all those reforms demanded in
the Progressive platform of 1012 which have
survived In the popular thinking. And his
attitude and the attitude of the party nt
large Justifies the remark made at the time
that no practicable reform which the Pro
gressives sought was opposed by tho Repuh
llcaus in 1012 nnd that the Progressive re
forms which tli? Republicans opposed were
not practicable. Na party is advocating the
mere fads of tho old Progressive program
today. They have, been forgotten,' and the
old Progressives ore active Republicans how
because they know that Republicanism stands
for constructive progress nnd hns always
stood for it.
Tho emotionalists who stand oil the side
lines nnd shout nevfrr have done, their share
In pulling the load and never will. They
exhaust their energies In telling the men
sweating under tiie collar what to do. Once
In a while the man on the job takes time to
answer ' them ns Lincoln nnswercd Carl
Scluire when he criticized his conduct of
the war. Lincoln wrote thnt he was doing
the best he could to put down the rebellion,
but If Hcliurz knew of a better way he would
like to know what It was, "but If you don't
know a better way," he said In substance,
"for heaven's sake keep still."
Senator Hording, who is nbout to assume
the duties of the presidenc. , appreciates tho
responsibilities and limitations of the ofilce,
ns he has plainly Indicated In a , dozcii
speeches, and he Is likely to have the hearty
co-operation of all thoxe members of his
pnrty with whom he must work if his ad
ministration is to be made successful within
constitutional lines.
SCHOOL BOARD OPPORTUNITIES
MR. (IRATZ'S announced determination
to resign from the Hoard of Rdiicntion
nnd hints thnt three other retirements may
follow impose upon the nonpartisan ap
pointing body responsibilities differing from
nny which it hns felt In years.
The judges, who hnve the naming author
ity, ore not usunlly called upon to determine
suddenly the general character of the board.
Vacancies hnve been comparatively Infre
quent and Isolated appointments have natu
rally wrought changes that were extremely
gradual. Four newcomers nt once could
conceivably greatly alter the complexion of
the .board.
Mr. (tratz suggests thnt both youth and
womanhood be recognized ns ponslble assets.
Dimner Reeber, Intlmnting that he will be n
member of the retiring group, stresses the
drnfts upon time made by the school-board
work. All three factors warrant serious con
structive attention by the honrd of judges.
Certainly the average age of the board is
at present too high. Assuredly, also, the
character of the school system renders the
advisability of appointing one or two women
entirely obvious. And perhaps even more
vitally Important is tiie need for ohtnlnlug
members who can devote themselves con
sistently to their administrative duties.
On Kcvernl occasions last summer the lack
of n quorum seriously einbnrrnsseil the
board's work, and It Is concelvnble thnt had
these meetings been fully attended the loan
would have been more easily floated and
tiiinncinl relief for the teachers would not
hnve lagged as it lias. On this point Mr.
(iratz. doclariug that he will not lenve until
the sclnry controversy is finished, spenks ns
a conscientious public official.
On the whole. It mny he said that this
stand is consistent with his long service
record Indeed, it is not so much the intent
of the Honrd of Kdiicntlnn which can he im
pugned as methods in which ultra-conservatism
has been overdeveloped.
The caution born of experience is, of
course, by no means to be despised. What
is needed in the Hoard of Education is a
sober balance between the old nnd the new
In educational staudartls and administrative 1
methods, nnd it is this desirable menn which
the judges, with novel opportunities, should
seek to establish.
GOMPERS AND THE RADICALS
mllR significance of Mr. Oompers's formal
break with lnbor lenders now in the
saddle in Knglnnd is broad and deep
broader and deeper than surface indications
would lend the ordinary reader to believe.
Kvcnts in Europe, nnd particularly in Rrlt
uin. have been shaping rapidly toward n
crisis between the elected representatives of
government mid the elected representatives
of labor. I.enine hns lost in Russia. He is
trying to win in England nnd in Itulv.
The Hritisli Labor party expanded tre
mendously during nnd imuieilintel) after the
war. ami for a time it wns led In nble nnd
j conservative men, who desired to make it an
efficient ngeney for the iidvniieeinent of
purely democratic purposes. More recentlv
an energetic group of Drltlsh labor leaders
have tome under the inllucn f Moscow.
The means by which the Tlnlshevists achieved
that conquest was indlcnted when the editors
of the Herald, the o-gnn of Hiitish radical
labor, admitted that half a million dollnrs
was sent from Russia to help their news
paper Transport strikes nnd the organized
efforts of the miners' unions to intimidate
England revealed the desire of radical labor
men to dictate, through tiie Labor pnrty.
to I'm (lament and the premier.
Efforts of foreign ugitntors to change the
traditional policy of the American' Federa
tion of Labor have been futile Hut gentle
men's agreements of u soit hnve been in
formation between the conservatives in
Hiitiih nnd American labor. It Is through
the Hiitish Labor part), therefore, that the
agents of bolshevism have moie recently
been tr.iing to influence imilc-uuiou opinion
in this country. They oflVicd not out-nnd-out
bolshevism, but a diluted brand. The
Uritish Laburitcs eleaily followed the lead
of Russia when they so influenced opinion
among transport men nnd miners ns to leave
the empire unable to wage even u defensive
war without their consent In England,
therefore, the effort of radical labor men has
bi en to establish n sort of supcrgovernment
of nodes unionists whose orders tho Parlin
ment and the people would hove to take in
even important Instance.
It is inconceivable, of course, thnt any
ngenc) but the elected nnd established gov
ernment should have the final decision iu
any matter of national or luternutlnnal
poiicy. Vet If tho Amerlcau Federation of
Labor wero to follow the example of the
Hritisli Labor party, Washington would have
to have the consent of the federation before
preparations for uny sort of wur were tin
dei taken, even though the country were sud
denly menaced h) n powerful enemy. It is
not surprising thnt (iompers bluntly refused
to sanction tho schemi! for informal and
international eo-operation of lubor organi
zations to thrust tho established government
into the background. The chief of the fed
eration merely noted iu accordance with n
policy clearly enunciated for Americnu labor
at the recent conference in Montreal, where
the world wns informed that trades unionists
iu this country would in no case net in any
way to aid or encourage sovletism.
What is significant is the extent to which
Lenlno's propagandists nre pushing their
efforts. To suppose thnt they want nation
alized rallrouds or nationalized mines alone
is to reveal a dangerous Innocence of Bol
shevist alms. They want, instead, to train
ull their converts to a belief in direct notion.
It Is direct action that left Russia in chaos
and prostrate before so small an adversary
us Poland. It in direct action that Is steer
ing Italy's industry system into utter ills
older. The Communists in Italy nre swiftly
cuttlug off tho coinmcrrn of their country
from a world that docs not and cannot know
how to deal with them. And this is pre
cisely what Moscow desires, slnco the aim
of Lenlne, clearly stated a hundred times,
Is not order but chaos, Bolshevism iloesnt
seek to coinpcto with democratic Institutions.
It seeks, froukly to destroy them in order
that it may experiment freely and build ita
own particular empire of tyranny above the
rulna. -
AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT
Members and Methods of a Great
Manufacturing Family Discussed .
and Analyzed
By SARAH D. LOWRIE
I WAS very much flattered the other day
to have one of the Manchester Cheneys
submit for my criticism a scries of papers
that had been written on" the Cheneys'
methods of carrying on their great indus
trial plant for manufacturing silk, frqm
their grandfathers' days to their own.
The papers treated of the relationship
between employers and employes for three
generations. During the more than half
century that the silk mills of South Man
chester, Conn,, have mndc Cheney silks ,n
staple article of trade throughout the
country, one family, and.ono fnmlly only,
has kept the administration of the huge
business In Its own hands, as well ns under'
its own name. ,
But then it is n huge family! The two
sous of tho founder of the business had
nearly a full dozen children each) with a
preponderance of sons. Those children,
most of them, married early and have had
in their turn large families, with a pre
ponderance of sons. Something like forty
two cousins nt a family festival Is not un
common. And apparently theso sons and
sons' sons nnd now the grnndsous follow
the family tradition and enter the family
business.
TO BE sure the fnmlly business has now
come to Include many businesses ns well
as many professions, not to speak of some
of tiie arts, just as the family property In-'
chides a whole town, with churches, schools,
playgrounds, movies, stores, houses nnd
parks, besides factory buildings, dyehouses,
electric plants, warehouses, railways, of
fices and what not. One can be n civil en
gineer, n bauker, an artist, a globe trotter,
a retail merchant, a manufacturer, an Im
porter, nn exporter, a scientist, a lawyer,
n teacher, an administrator or n laboratory
technlclnn nnd still be nbout the Cheney
business ns one of the Cheney family.
There nre limits, I think, however, ns to
chnrocter nnd morale and point of view
which ench Cheney must possess before he
is Involved In the great family 'enterprise.
The type is very strong, even in this
fourth generation nud I hnve known three
generations in spite of the fact that the
collaterals do not Intermarry, which ought
by now to hnve innde for salient differences
rather than recognizable resemblances.
THEY are n shy, serious, slow-spcaklng
family. Their mental processes go on
behind rather unresponsive exteriors. In
companionship they appear to get more
than they give in the matter of the common
chntige of conversation, but one realizes they
possess largo funds of generosity, which they
administer with a' sort of ceremonious reti
cence that must iu some cases slightly
baffle the recipients in nny effusion of re
sponse. The large, cnlm lutnke of impressions of
which they one und nil seem so phenomenally
capable is offset by the oddest frenk of
contrariness they are nil of them born
mimics !
They will emerge from some socinl con
tact, where they have displayed only the
most cnnu'iitiotinl of receptive virtues, with
the Idioms, gestures. Idiosyncrasies of char
acter tho very facial contortions of their
late vls-n-yis done to the life.
They who never gossip, who judge even
with so slow n caution ns to rob their
spoken opinions of nnything quotable, either
for good or evil, by tills qtilck flash of
memory for observed trnits render the most
livelj nud telling Judgment possible on their
fellows that of fchrewd, umused caricature.
THIS enmbiuntiou of imagination for char
acteristic details and their caution in
displaying their own wares in conversation
or in opinions is whnt has made them good
innsters toward the thousands of workmen,
artisans, laborers, craftsmen nnd office ex
perts that have lived for three generations
in their employ.
It is also whnt lias made possible their
slow but continuous clinuge of methods
from the patriarchal system through the
foremen system to the present gradually un
folding committee s.VHtem which is slowly
dcmocrntl.iug lubor.
They hnve retained throughout the tradi
tion of the founder of the works, viz., the
co-opcrutive idrul. Under the stress of
modern unrest und modern temporizing for
the success of the present, they have held
as tcuneiousl) to the belief thut there is u
point of contact between emiilover uml m.
plows where the Intel ests or both are iden
tical; thnt sin cess fur the master spells suc
cess for the man.
They give one the impression of liming
always, sought thut point of contact, nud to
have found it. each generation for itself,
by u difleieiit hut always conscientious, ul
wu)M painstukiug. patient consideration of
ull the facts, nud u sober scrapping of ull
the nonessentials.
THE mini) sis of those reports 1 read all
verged towmd one conclusion, viz.: Thnt
only by direct contact of employer with the
individual cmplo.w could either get the best
out of each.
As pioccsses multiplied, nnd the whole
relationship of lubor to cnpitul umpllflcs
nud betoines moie intricate, the menus by
which this point of contact is maintained
become more of a science, less dependent on
mere good feeling.
Some of the scientific processes for this
contact of eiuplo)cr with the emplojea us
Individuals, recent us has been their emer
gence out oi me welter of Ideas, hnve hud
to be scrapped ns ineffectual. Jlueli of the
so-called wellme work, much of the prollt
shuriug, some of the insurance and bonus
arrangements for ornamenting the payrolls,
have proved biiidensome without bringing
commensurate sutisfnetion.
The whole Intiiiatc process Is In M state
of evolving, at huge cost of observation
tuliulatlon, weighing und ndju.stlng. The
making and the selling of silk from the grub
to the retail lountcr is simple compared
to it.
WHAT strikes i,e s the persistence of
these Chine) brothers and uncles and
nephews und cousins, sons und sonH-in-luw
is their veneration for the pust idenls ami
their fulth that those ideals will hold good
for the future.
For mere ideas as such thev have verv
little even simulated interest. Their method
is to pin them down with one objection
und, so fui as their interest goes, leave them
to flutter out. The objection of one of them
In iiilllliritlt'M llllll-nln!i, n.i .. 1 - .
" ""-' "".huiuuii, urgcu uy tiie
American redeiution of Lnbor and Mr
(tampers is characteristic : '
"Collective bargaining is permissible yes'
In theory It is piobably the best wny to
bargain nt present. If by collective bar
gnining is mount the bargaining of labor
by trade groups. Hut lf.it means what
Mr (lompeiH means, bargaining by trade
groups only through tho union, it Is JiiNt
another word for the closed shop. And
the closed shop is undemocratic."
, .
Tho Seat of War
rrcrni '"' Kanaas City Star
The average small boy fairly glows with
courage when listening to the destructive do
tails of grenade nnd machine-gun fire. The
only thlug that makes him squirm and turn
pale Is mention of a hairbrush.
We'll Be Tenting Tonight
"row the Now Ynrlc American.
Ouco It was cheaper to movo tnnn to pay
rent, but now jou can't get a cliniicu to do
either.
Hunting Trouble
The Hun and New York Heruld.
Some persons throw themselves In front
of motor cars; others strive to meet Mr
McOraw socially.
Two Interesting Facta
From the Bun and Now York Herald.
Tho frost is on the pumpkin and corn la
down to a dollar,
;
' i&u? ,. . n x3$' i
irffij4iiic vjw V w . v j" -ur 'i i -- "-! "V '"Hu 't:St
wafeL-siS v Ss, ""'V -v. - '''-4y:-::
" -i " -. n - n. l
NOW MY IDEA IS THIS !
Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphiais on Subjects They
Know Best
GEORGE W. NORRIS
On Currency and Credit
A SMALL corner room, plainly furnished
with n flat-ton desk, four chnirs, a coat
cupboard and u filing case, is the office of
George W. Norrls. governor of the federal
Reserve Bank of Philadelphia a bank with
resoiuces of "tfOO.OOO.OOO nnd one of the
twelve Federal Reserve Bnnks whose com
bined resources have grown in six J cars
to exceed ?0,000,000,000. -
Mr. Norris's activities In life hnve been
varied. Six years as n newspaper icporter,
six as n practicing lawyer, eighteen us un
Investment banker, four as u member of
Mnvor Blaiikenhurg's cabinet and four in
the service of the federal government ns farm
loan commissioner, hnve given him n clinnce
to see tilings from n good mnnv different
angles und left him n good deal of sympathy
for the newspaperman In senreh 'of Infor
mation. It was. thorefore, in n spirit of hopeful
ness that a representative of the Lvknino
I'l'iu.io Lrixuni asked him what was going
to be the future course of prices. Were
the recent drops sporadic or sjmptnmntic?
Would they go further, or go back?
"I cannot give you n direct answer," he
replied, "for two reasons. In the first
place. I do not know. That makes the
second reason superfluous, but I will ndd
it, nevertheless. It is the policy of officers
of the Federal Rosen, e Banks not to dis
cuss the future of prices, or to hazard
guesses on tho subject."
Facts, Not Deductions
"We collect facts with great care from
inunufaetiiiers, jobbers und retailers. Once
n month we report these fucts in a bulletin
which bankers and business men may hove
fur the nsklmr. We summarize these facts,
so that busy men mny get In n few minutes
ii bird's-ew view of business uml flnnncial
conditions, but wo do not undertake to inter
pret them or to draw deductions from them.
Renders must do thnt for themselves."
Asked for the reasons for this policy,
he said:
"Because, primarily, we hnve to do only
with ouireney and credit. We deal only
with member banks, not with the public.
If our policies affect prices, that effect is
only Incidental und unintentional. Interest
rates the price of credit Is the thing
most directly affected, but even there wo
urc not so potential as is popularly sup
posed. "If tho Reserve banks raise their redis
count rates, they do not do It fur the prr
poso of raising the price which the individ
ual borrower must pay to tho commercial
bank, but for the purpose of reducing the
volume of rediscounts which those hanks
call upon the Reserve banks to mako, nud
the rate that they pay the Reserve banks on
rediscounts of ,r per cent of their lonus
ought not necessarily to control tho rate
which they churgc their customers upon mo
other 05 per cent.
"It Is true that for nearly a year there
has been an effort to reduce the volume of
rediscounts with the Federal Reserve banks.
It is confusing cause with effect, however,
to Imagine that this lias been because the
reserves ol the Reserve banks were too low
nnd wero going lower.
"As the sponsors for n large part of our
currency, as the agencies of rediscount
nnd as the custodians of the ultimate bank
ing reserves of the country it is Important
that these banks should be kept so strong
that they would be In a position to take
core of nny emergency that might arise
without nny possible doubt or question ns
to their ability to do It.
Contraction of Credits
"It is for tills icasou that the officers and
dirt-dots of theso hnnks have urged upon
member bunks the advantage of so limiting
their demands upon the Rcservo banks that
these latter banks might get back into tho
position of obvious impregnability that
they occupied before the war had redeced
their reserves,
"It Is also true that the member bunks
could not nintorinlly reduce their redis
counts with the Reserve hnnks vdthout re
ducing their own loons and discounts to
their customers, but this wns n secondnry
effect, not an original objective,"
"Is that not n contraction o credit,
and noes not." contraction oi creuii (or
mods nn the market and Inovltnhlv mm.
prices?" b'o was asked.
siVnr neeessarllv!" ho ronlleil. A nny.
," .,.- v --- - - ---- . vw.-
"STEP LIVELY!"
P
v
J&-jS'3!nS.
r
traction of credits which were extended for
purposes of production would limit the
supply of goods nnd tend to ndvanco prices.
It is when the contraction of credit hits
tho speculator or tho hoarder that it has
its most uinrked effect in reducing prices.
"Of ooLTfC, the effort has been to make
the contraction apply to these latter classes,
but not to ullow it to Interfere with pro
duction or orderly und natural distribution.
Thnt is n difficult tnsk much too difficult
for any individual or board.
"The Federal Reserve Bonrd has stated
the principle, but It hns wisely declined to
mnke rules or definitions. Governor Holding
hns said that while the credit problem wns
national, nnd even international in some
of its aspects, it wns, nfter all, only tho
aggregate of a multitude of individual prob
lems nnd thnt these problems must be solved,
not by n bonrd nt Washington, or by tho
boards of the Reserve banks, but by tho
banks which ileal with the public and nre
familiar with their customers and with the
local situation.
Supply nud Demand Again
"We have seen a tremendous decline iu
silk caused by overspcculotlon in Japan ;
in wool caused by n henvy clip all over the
world, and a realization of tho enormous
holdings of the British (tavernment ; in sugar
caused by n speculative attempt to 'cor
ner' it In this country.
'The Federal Reserve system has absorbed
the shock of the transition from a war to
u peace basis. It bus helped to make the
situution plain to bunkers nud business men.
It has checked tendencies which would iu
evltubly have led to ruin. It has continu
ously und persistently refused to be drawn
into price controversies. It has refused to
'support' wool, or cotton, or leather, or
grain, or livestock, or anything else. Neither
can it fairly be accused of having 'ham
mered' nnything or anybody, with the pos
sible exception of the New York Stock
Exchange, which did have u bad half hour
u yeur ago, when It was pretty plainly inti
mated that Wall street was using nbout n
billion dollars of credit which might more
usefully be employed in assisting merchnnts
und manufacturers.
"If you want to know whether the price
of any nrticlu Is going up or going down,
don't usk nn officer of u Federal Reserve
bank find out how much of that article is
on hand, how much is being produced nnd
how much is being consumed. Then you will
hnve the answer."
What Do You Knoiv?
QUIZ
1 Why la u rabbit called a bunny?
2. Whut Is meant by Attlo Halt?
3. Who said "Even worthy Homer some
times nods"?
4. What Is tho dog watch on a ship?
G. Why Is It so cnlled?
0. What Is a flddlcy
7. Whut Is tho name for a party bringing
nn appeal In n, law case?
5. Who wroto tho novel "Tho Heart of
Midlothian"?
9. What are uncial letters?
10, At what longltutlo lino Is u day gained or
lost In traveling around the world?
"
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. Thirty-nine nations nre now members of
tho Lcnguo of Nations.
2. Tho dominion of Poseidon In Greek
mythology wus the sen. Tho Roman
equivalent of the god wits Neptune.
3. The word humanitarian originally do-
scribed n person who believed In tho
huinnnlty rather than the divinity of
Christ.
4. Perry is fermented pear Juloe.
6. Christian X Is King of Denmark.
C. Tintoretto wob n celohrated Venetian
painter whoso real name was Jncono
llobustl. Ills dates aro 1B13-1B9I, Tho
name Tintoretto Is In allusion to tliu
artist's father, who was n dyer.
7. Tzlgauy mubtc Is Hungarian gipsy music.
8. Provlous to the adoption of the national
convention method, candidates for tho
presidency wero namod by congres
sional caucusis or by btoto Uculslu
tures. P. Tho dlblo trufflo Is a fungus which grows
underground, a foot or more below
tho Mirf.ice It Is uprooted hv iiIuh
Al or dooM trnlnffrl li rln.1 Mam i... i...
scent.
v." Rosa II. Thorpe wroto "CurfCwMust Not
' Illiia- Tonlirht." n l " v
mug Tonight."
....
'r .r i (iri IF' ?Jt
-y .
,;
LmX"I
'Jfp
SHORT CUTS
New York is the home of moving pic
tures today.
The enrmarks nn the loan bill arc also
those of the pork barrel.
Is Secretary Colby trying to put him
self in the Speaker Sweet ciass?
The White House sheep have at last
succumbed to the back -to -the -farm move
ment. It costs fifteen cents to hnve your shoes
shined in Pittsburgh, but why go to Pitts
burgh? Reserve policemen deprived of their
lunch begin to know whnt a hunger strike
is like.
One cannot but. wonder how much re
sponsibility for the prevailing fog rests on
the political speeches being made.
Perhnps the man responsible for the
parole of "Hard-boiled" Smith was tho man
who gave Grovcr Bergdoll a chanco to escape.
Judge Brown's success may perhaps be
explnlnrd by tho Artcmus Word formula:
You scratch my back and I'll scratch your
back.
Viscount Grey says England will have
to quit Ireland before tho Irish problem con
be solved. But the trouble is that it can't
let go.
When Dudley Field Mnlono says the
people nre tired of "irrelevant political
hunk," it may be taken as first-hand in
formation. "A guy can't be crooked part of the
time nnd square tho rest of the time." said
"Happy" Felsch. For tho wages of sin Is
death to all peaco of ralnd.
A few heart-prompted words by the
Mayor concerning tho Palace of Justice
might enable some of tho councllmcn to
reullze just where they stand.
Here and there nre to be found upright,
conscientious men who show a disposition to
be n trlflo ovcrcarcful as to where the chips
fall when they hew to the line.
Reduction in prico of nutomobiles Is
forcing down tho price of steol, and a re
duction In tho price of steel paves the way
for nddltional wage controversies.
The fact that prophets aro, by Inference,
without honor in their own country will not
prevent u lurge section' of tho populace on
November .1 from saying, "I told you so!"
The price of coffins has gone down in
Green ville, S. C, and the wnges of grave
diggers have been reduced : but tho low cost
of dying hns, so far as is known, not In
creased travel to tho southern town.
Once upon n time Father Penn had a
nightmare. Ho dreamed that ho was build
ing n bridge over the Delaware, and every
time ho prepared for on approach a Munici
pal Court got In the way of his pick or
shovel. Queer things, dreams.
Audubon, N. J,, has nominated an en
gineer for Council because of his ability to
piny "Home, Sweet Home" on a locomotive
whistle. One wonders If ho could hnve
mode the riffle with "A Hot Time in the Old
Town Tonight"?
The German delegate to tho Interna
tional conference In Brussels says thnt finan
cial prospertn In Germany aro not desperate
nnd thnt willingness to wnrk Is rovivin6
everywhere. An effect traced immediately
to Its cause; and a lesson, Into the bnrgaln,
to the rest of the world. Wo may learn
from those who have despitefuily used us.
Evidence that tho premium on American
gold Is not all "velvet" Is afforded by the
fact that a French shipbuilding firm, seek
ing American business, Is offering to build
tankers at a price (worked out on the
present exchnnge rate) of $107,150 a ton,
while quotations In American yards, run
from $200 to ?22fi ton. On, tho pre-.war
monetary basis tho French bid would haya
nmounted to $500 n ton, Ono vayr or aa'
other", everybody has, ip pay, . i
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