Stye American Dolunteer. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING BRATTON .Sc KENNEDY, OFFICE—somm MARKET square. Two Dollars per year If paid strictly lii advance; Two Dollars and Fifty Cents If paid within tlirco monthsafter which Tlireo Dollars will be charged. These terms will bo rigidly ad hered to In every Instance, No subscription dis continued until all arrearages aro paid, unless at the option of the Editor. professional (ffaros. JOHN COBNMAN, AT TO It NE Y AT LA W Omco In building attached to Franklin llou.so opposite the Court House, Carlisle, Pa. Juno 4, 1808.—ly rjHAS. E. MAGLAUGHLIN, Arror.- I J KEY AT Daw. omco in Building formerly occupied by Volunteer a few doors South of Han non’s Hotel. Doc. 1, 1805. T? E. BELTZHOOVER, Attorney li . and Counselor at Law, Carlisle, Penna. unice on South Hanover street, opposite Beutz h Store. By special arrangement with the I uteut Oillco, attends to securing Patent Rights. 'D0c.1,1885. p HERMAN GOETZ, A2 LAW , NEWVILLE, PENN’X. Patents, Pensions and other claims attended to. May 88,1808. JOHN B. MILLER, Attorney at Law. Omco In Hannon’s Building, opposite mo Court House, Carlisle, Pa. Nov. 14,1807. . JOHN LEli,. Attorney at Law, North Hanover Street, Carlisle, Pa., v eh. 15, istjli—ly. MC. HERMAN, Attorney at Law. . Ofllce In Rhcem’s Hall Building, In tho roar of tho Court House, next door to tlio Her ald” Cilice, Carlisle, Penna. Dec. 1,1805. W KENNEDY, Attorney at Law . Carlisle, Penna. Olllce same oh that pi tho "American Volunteer,” South sldo of the Pub lic Square. Dec. 1. 1800 ■JJNITED STATES CLAIM AND MEAL ESTATE AGENCY! WM. B. SUTLER, ATTOIINEY AT LAW, , „ Omco In 2d Story of InholTs Building, No. 3 South Hanover Street, Carlisle, Cumberland county, Penna. . Pensions, Bounties, Back-Pay, 4c., promptly 'collected. ... ... Applications by mull, will recolvb immediate attention. Particular attention given to the soiling or rent ing of Real Estate, In town or country. In all let ters of inquiry, please enclose postage stamp. July 11,1807—tf . DR. GEORGE S. SEARIGHT, Den tist. From the JJaUlmore OoUcne of Denta •Xurocry, Oillco at the residence of his mother ICast Louthcr Street, three doors below Bedford Carlisle, Penna. Pec. 1,1805. anil ffiapia. JjIRESH ARRIVAL OF ALli TUB NEW SPRING STYLES OF' HATS AND CAPS. Tho subscriber has Just opened at JVb. IB A’ortJl Ihmorer Hired, u few doors North of the Oarllslo Deposit hank, one of tho largest and .best. Blocks of HATS and CAPS over ollered in Carlisle. Silk i lats, CnsHlmoro of all styles and qualities, Stiff Brims, different colors, and every descrip tion of Soft Hals now made. „ . Tho Dunkard and Old Fashioned Brush, con stantly on hand and made to ox*der, all warrant ed to give satisfaction. • A full assortment of • STRAW HATS, MEN’S, BOY'S, AND CHILDREN’S, FANCY DO. 1 have also added to my Stock, notions of differ ent kinds, consisting of INDIES’ AND GENTLEMEN’S STOCKINGS: jS'cck Tits, ODUar*, , J’enclh, , Sewing Silk, Suspenders, Gloves, Thread, Umbrellas, Ac, PRIME SEGAES AND TOBACCO ALWAYS ON HAND. Give mo a coll, and examino my stock as I fee. coulldont of pleasing all, besides saving you mo. noy. JOHN A. KELLER, Agent, No. 15 North Hanover Street. Juno 0,1808 —ly JJA TSAND CAPS Bats, Caps, and a great deal more. Kept for sale at Boas’ Store, Wool and Fur, both coarse and line, Silk and Brush hats In his Hue. Beaver, Nutra, largo and small, Hats to lit and suit you all, Only call and let him try, Though you should notwlsb to buy Gladly ho will show you round, Through his hats Oil one is found. To suit your taste, and lit you well, Then kindly all your neighbors toll What hats you saw atßoas’ store, Ho keeps at corner number four, In North Hanover street Carlisle, Whore you can. Hud him all the while, Ready to sell togreatand small, Doctors, Lawyers, iTeaclicrs, all Students, Merchants, farmers too, And please, kind Mends, likewise to you. 110 keops constantly on band a largo assort ment olHats, latest styles of Silks so/t and stiff brim A largo assortment of ladies and gents, Trunks, Valises, travelling Bags, Leather. Satch els. and a line lot ol ladles Collars and Baskets. Also gents Furnishing Goods, such as Collars, 8 An'c’xSiallo and cnrcmlly selected assortment of ladles Furs, also ladles Fur Hoods and i* nr Trimmings, and a regular line of gents, fur Caps^ Huftlers and Gloves. Also, Umbrellas, canes and a vaiioty of No tlThankful for past favors, he sollcltls a continu ance of tho Same from his numerous patrons and kindly Invites the public in general to vavor him with a call before purchasing,'feeling confident of his ability to suit all,both la quality and price. Don’t forget tho place, Ho. 4, North Hanover street, opposite theCarllslo Deposit Bank. The highest cash prices paid for shipping Furs, such ns Muskrat, Mink, Fox, Raccoon and all othor fur skins. J • UUAIS ' Oct, 8,1808—(Jm yjATS AND CAPS! DO YOU WANT A NICE HAT OR CAP ? *IS DON’T FAIL TO CALL ON J.e.CALLIO, NO. 29, WESI MAIN STItIiJST, Where can be seen tbo finest assortment of HATS AND CAPS ever brought to Carlisle. Ho takes great pleas ure in Inviting bis old friends and customers, and all now ones, to bis splendid stock lust re ceived from New York and Philadelphia, con sisting in part of duo BILK AND OASSIiIERE HATS, besides an endless variety of Hats and Caps of tbo latest stylo, oil ot which ho will sell at the Lowest Cash Prices. Also, bis own manufacture of Hals always on bond, and HATS MANUFACTURED TO ORDER. He has tbo best arrangement for coloring Hats and all kinds of Woolen Goods, Overcoats, Ac., at the shortest notice (ns be colors every week) and on the most reasonable terms. Also, a llnolot of choice brands of TOBACCO AND (JIGARS always on band. Ho desires to call theattcntlon of persona who have COUNTRY PURS to sell, os bo pays tbo highest cash prices for the BU Givo him a call, at tbo above numbeis his old stand, as he feels coutldout of giving entire satis faction. Dec. 20.1807 J. L. STEBNBB'B LIVERY AND SALE STABLE, BETWEEN HANOVEU AND BEDFORD STS. IN REAR OF THE JAIL CARLISLE, PA, Having fitted up the Stable with now Carria ges, 4c., I am prepared to furnish ilrst-clnss turn outs at reasonable rates. Parties taken to and from the wprlngs. . Aptb », 1807—2 y TjTEMAXE MEDICINES.—Diseases of fj woman suaoGsslully cured by applying to n&P«ffiLA MAKIANNO, M.D., 225 North I2lb SI, Philadelphia, Pa. cm, 18W.—ly* II # i J>LAIN AND FANCY PRINTING of ITIHT DBSCUIPTION neatly; executed at [the OLVKTEER Office. BY BRATTON & KENNEDY, JUfllcbical. IOOFLAND’S GERMAN BITTERS, AND Hoofland’s German Tonic. Prepared by Dr. C. M. Jacksoh, PHILADELPIIIA, PA. The Great Remedies for all Diseases LIVER, STOMACH, OR DIGESTIVE ORGANS. Hoofland’s German Bitters Ib composed of the pare Juices (or, ns they are modld nnliy termed, A* ■ ■■ ■. Iraclt) of Root*, Herbs nnd Barks, ijg|~ making a prepara tion, highly conccn Iki 1 "'""jr-j trated, and entirely nu Alcgholie Mm Giliia admixture of anjf HOOFLAND’S GERMAN TONIC, In i\ combination of nil the Ingredients of the Bitters, with the purest quality of Sania Crus Rum, Orange, etc., ranking one of the moat pleasant and agreeable remedies ever offered to the public. Those preferring a Medicine free from Alcoholic ad' mixture, will use Hoofland’s German Bitters, Id eases of nervous depression, when some olcoholU Irnulua Is necessary, HOOFLAND’S GERMAN TONIC should bo used. The Bllfers or the Tonic are both equally good, and contain the same medicinal virtues. The stomach, from a variety of causes, such as Indi gestion, Dyspepsia, Nervous Debility, etc.. Is wry apt to (ftf have Us functions deranged. Too result (Hjlß of which Is, that the natlent suffers from several or more ol the following diseases: Constipation, Flatulence, Inward Flies* Fulness of Blood to tho Head, Acidity of tho Stomach, Nausea, Heart hum, Distrust for Food, Fulness or Weight In tho Stomach, Sour ■Eructations, Sink ing or Fluttering: at the Pit of tno Stomach, Swimming- of • tho Head, Hurried or Difficult Breathing, Fluttering at the Heart, Choking or Suffocating Sensations when In a Lying Posture, Dimness of Vision, Dots or Webs before tho Sight, Dull Pain in tho Head, Defi ciency of Perspiration, Yel > * lowness of the Skin and Byes, Fain in the Side, f£ST Baok,Obest, Limbs, eto.. 8 udd e n Flushes of Heat, Burning in the Fl6ah, Constant Imaginings of Evil, and Great Depression of Spirits. These remedies will ofToctaally care Liver Complaint, Jaundice, Dyspepsia, Chronic or Nervous Debility. Chronic Diarrhtca, Dlscns® of tho Kidneys, and all Diseases arising from a Disordered Liver, Stomach, or Intestines. DEBILITY, Resulting from any Cause whatever 5 PROSTRATION OP THE SYSTEM, induced by Severe Labor, Hard ships, Exposure, Fevers, eto. There la no medicine extant cqnal to those remedies In such cases. A tone and vigor is imparted to tha whole System, the 055=5=3 Appetite is Strength* ened, food Is enjoyed, ' ™ the stomach digests promptly, the blood Ifep* Is purified, the com plexion bocomos BfflH sound and healthy, the yellow tinge Is eradicated from tho eyes, 0 bloom, is given to the divots, and the weak and nervous In valid becomes a strong and healthy being. Persons Advanced, in Life, feeling the hand of Unrip welching heavily upon them, with all Its aiumdaiil ill*, will find In the up* l of this BITTERS, or the, TONIC, nn elixir tlmi will Instil new life In'o tholr veins, restore in a memoir® the energy and ardor of moro youthful days, lull’d up tholr shrunken forms, and give health ana happiness tojhtdr remaining years. NOTICE. It !b a well-established fact that fully one-half of the female portion of our population are sel dom In Uin enjoyment u TE?r~ of good health ; or. to use their own ex Jta /a prcsslnn, “ never feel well." They are Inn ffJn ml guld, devoid of uU energy, extremely nervous, and have no npputllo. To this class of persons the BITTERS, or the TONIC, - Is especially recommended. WEAK AND DELICATE CHILDREN Are made strode by thoaeo of either of three remedies. They will cure every case of ILARABMUB, without fail. Thousands of certificates have accumulated In the hands of the proprietor, but space will allow of the publication of nut a few. Those, It will he observed, are men of note and of such standing that they must bo believed. TESTIMONIALS. Hon. Geo.'W. Woodward. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pa., writes: Philadelphia, March 10,1867- “I find‘Hoofland’s «=» Goman Bitters Ms a good tonic, useful ln diseases of the dlgesllveorvaiis,and of great benefit In coses of debility, and wont of nervous ac tion In the system. Yours truly, . GEO. W- WOODWARD.” Hon. James Thompson. Judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, April 23, 1808. “I consider * Hoofland’s German Bitters’ a rafua&ls medicine In case of otlacks of Indigestion or Dyspepsia- I can certify this from my experience of It. Tours, with respect, JAMES THOMPSON." From Eev. Joseph H. KennarJ, D. D. Pastor of the Tenth Baptist Church, Philadelphia. Dr. Jackson—Deer Blr : I have been frequently re quested to connect my name with recommendations of dlfleront kinds of medicines, but regarding the prac tice as out of my op GSSkKsa proprialo sphoro, I have in oil cases dined , but with a clear proof in vari JLW oua Instances and particularly In roy own family, of the usefulness of Dr. lloofland’s Gorman Bitters, I depart for once from my usual course, to express my full conviction that, for general debility <f the sytlem, and especially far Liver ComylainL, it is a safe ami valuable preparation. In some cases It may fail; but usually, I doubt not, it will bo very beneficial to those who suffer from the above causes. Tours, very respectfully, J. H. KENNARD, Eighth, below Coates fit. From Eev. E. D. Fendall, Assistant Editor Christian Chronicle, Philadelphia. I have derived decided benefit from the use of Roof land’s German Bitters, and 1.-cl It my privilege to re commend them as o most valuable tonic, to all w.h°a>» •uflWng from general debility or from diseases arising from derangement ol the liver. Yours truly, CAUTION. lloofland'B German Remedial «r« lunnlertclltg. St* that the elgnalure of g==B6x M. JAL.KBUK Uon the wrapper L [¥-a m bottle * All others arc coun igSj V u l eiu , r JftFSSS. Philadelphia. OHABLEB H. EVANS. German DrogcUt, Proprietor, • Formerly C. M. Jaokboh « Co. For aalo by a_ iruggUia and Dealer* in Medicine* t>BIOES. Hoofland’s German Bitters, per bottle U 00 u » “ half dozen ......... 600 HooQand’s German Tonic, put up In quart bottles, \ 60 per bottle, or a half doxen foh 7 w tST i)o not fony'- to examine well the article yoo boy, U» order to gel -ic genuine. Jim. 1805.—!y MESSAGE OF THE isident, of the United States. AT THE COMMENCEMENT OP TITP. SECOND UEGD DAII SESSION UP THE FORTIETH CONGRESS. Fellow-Citizens of the Senate and House of Representatives : Upon the ro-asaemhling.of Congress, It again becomes my duty to call your at tention to the state of the Union, and to its continued disorganized condition un der the various laws which have been passed upon the subject of reconstruction. It may be safely assumed, as an axiom in the government of States, that the greates6 wrongs inflicted upon a people, are caused by unjust and arbitrary legis lation, or by the unrelenting decrees of despotic rulers, and that the timely revo cation of injurious and oppressive,meas ures is the greatest good that can be Con ferred upon a nation. The legislatoror ru ler who has the wisdom and magnanim- ity to retrace his steps, when convinced of error, will sooner or later be rewarded with the respect and gratitude of an in telligent and patriotic people. Our own' history—although embracing a period less than a century—affords abundant proof that most, if not ail, of our domestic troubles are directly tracea ble to violations of the organic law and excessive legislation. The most striking illustrations of this fact are furnished by the enactments of the past three years upon the question of reconstruction.— After a fair trial they have substantially failed and proved pernicious in their re sults, and there seems to be no good rea-‘ sou why they should longer remain upon tho statute ‘book. State, to which tire Constitution guarantees a republican form of government have been reduced to mil itary dependencies, in each of which-the people have been made subject to the ar bitrary will of the commanding general. Although the Constitution requires that each State shall be represented in Con gress, Virginia, Mississippi and Texas are yet excluded from the two Houses;mid contrary to the express provisions of that instrument, were denied participation in the recent election for a President and Vice President of tile United States. The attempt to place the white population un der tho domination of persons of color in tho South has impaired, if not destroyed, the kindly relations that had previously existed between them ; and mutual dis trust has engendered a feeling of animos ity which, leading in some instances to collision and bloodshed, has prevented that co-operation between the two races 80 essential to the success oflndnstrial en terprises in tho Southern States. Nor have the inhabitants of those States alone suffered from the disturbed condition of affairs growing out of these Congression al enactments. The entire Union has been agitated by grave apprehensions of. troubles which might again Involve the peace of the nation: Its interests have been injuriously affected by.the derange ment of business and labor, and the con sequent want* of prosperity throughout that portion of the country. The Federal Constitution the magna c harla of American rights, under whose wise and salutary provisions we have successfully conducted all our domestic and foreign affairs, sustained ourselves in peace and in war, and become a great nation among the powers of the earth must assuredly bo now adequate to the settlement of questions growing out of the civil war waged alone for its vindica tion. This great fact is made most man ifest by the condition of the country when Congress assembled in the month of De cember, 1805. Civil strife had ceased; the spirit of rebellion had spentits entire force ; in the Southern States the people had wanned into national life, and throughout (he wliplc country a healthy re-action in public sentiment had taken place. By the application of the simple yet effective provisionsof the Constitu tion, the Executive Department, with the voluntary aid of the States, had brought tiie work of restoration as near comple tion as was within the scope of its author ity, and the nation was encouraged by the prospect of an early and satisfactory adjustment of all its difficulties. Con gress, however, intervened, and refusing to perfect the work so nearly consumma ted, declined to admit members from the unrepresented States, adopted a series of measures which arrested the progress of restoration, frustrated all that hud been so successfully accomplished, and, after three years of agitation and strife, has left the country farther from the attain ment of union and.fraternal feeling than at the inception of the Congressional plan of reconstruction. It needs no argument to show that legislation which has pro duced such baneful consequences should be abrogated, or else made to conform to the genuinepriuciplesof republican gov ernment. Under the influence of party passign and sectional prejudice, other acts have been passed not warranted by the Con stitution. Congress has already been made familiar with my views respecting the “ tenure of office bill.” Experience has proved that its repeal is demanded by the best interests of the country, and that while’it remains in force the President cannot enjoin that rigid accountability of public officers so essential to an honest and efficient execution of the laws. Its revocation would enable the Executive Department to exercise the power of ap pointment and removal in accordance with the original design of the Federal Constitution. . . The act of March 2, 18G7, making ap propriations for the support of the army for the year ending June 30,18G8, and for other purposes, contains provisions which interfere with the President’s constitu tional functions as commander-in-chief of the army, and deny to States of the Un ion the right to protect themselves by means of their own militia. These pro visions should be at once annulled ; for while the first might, in times of great emergency, seriously embarrass the Ex ecutive in efforts to employ and direct the cbmmon strength of the nation for its protection and preservation, (he other is contrary to the express declaration of the Constitution, that “ a well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infring ed " It is believed that the repeal of all such laws would bo accepted by the American, people as at least a partial return to the fundamental principles of the Govern ment, and an indication that hereafter the Constitution is to be made the Nation s safe and unerring guide. They can be productive of no permanent benefit to the country, and should not be permitted to stand as so many monuments of the de ficient wisdom which has characterized our recent legislation. The condition of our finances demands the early and earnest consideration of Congress. Compared with the growth of our population, the public expenditures have reached an amount unprecedented in our history. ’ The population of the United States in 1790 was nearly four millions of people. Increasing each decade about thirty-three per cent., It reached in 1860 thirty-one millions—an increase of seven hundred per cent, on the population in 1790. In 'lBO9 it is estimated that it will reach thir ty-eight millions, or an increase of eight hundred and sixty-eight per cent, in sev enty-nine years. The annual expenditures of t..e boiier al Government in 1791 were four million two hundred thousand dollars; in ISbO, eighteen'millions two hundred thousand dollars; in 1860, forty-one millions; in 1800, sixty-three millions ;.in 1800, nearly thirteen hundred millions, and in 1899 it is estimated by the Secretary of thelreas ury, in his last annual report, that they will be throe hundred and seventy-two millions. ’ ... • . By comparing the public disbursemen ts of 1809, as estimated, with those of 1 < 91. it will be seen that the increase of expen diture since the beginning of the Gov ernment, has been eight thousand six CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY. DECEMBER 17, 1868. hundred and eighteen per centum, while the increase of the population for the same period was only eight hundred and sixty-eight per centum. Again : the ex penses of the Government in 1800, the year of peace immediately preceding the war, were only sixty-three millions; while in 1860, the year of peace three years after the war, it is estimated they Willie three hundred and seventy-two millions—an increase of four hundred and eighty-nine per centum, while the in crease of population was only twenty-one per centum for the same period. These statistics further show that in 1791 the annual national expenses, com pared with the population, were little .more than one dollar per capita, and in 1800 but two dollars per capita ; while in 1800 they will reach the extravagant sum of nine dollars and scventy-qjght cents per capita. It will bo ’observed that all of these statements refer to and exhibit the dis bursements of peace periods. It may, therefore, bo of interest to compare the expenditures of the three war periods— the war with Great Britain, the Mexican war, and the war of the rebellion. In 1813,1h0 annual expensesinoidentto the war of 1812, reached their highest amount—about thiyty-ono millions; while our population slightly exceeded eight millions, showing an expenditure of only three dollars and eigbly cents per capita. In 1818 the expenditures growing out of tile war will) Mexico reached fifty five millions, and the population was about twenty-one millions, giving only two dollars and sixty cents per capita for the war expenses of that year. In 18G5 the expenditures called for by the rebel lion reached the vast amount of twelve hundred and ninety millions, which, compared with a population of thirty-four millions, gives thirty-eight dollars and twenty cents per capita. From the fourth day of March, 1789, to the thirtieth day of June, 1801, the entire expenditures of the Government were seventeen hundred millions of dollars. — During that period wo were engaged in wars with Great Britain and Mexico, and were involved in hostilities with power ful Indian tribes; Louisiana was pur chased from Franco at a cost of fifteen millions of dollars ; Florida was ceded to us by Spain for five millions ; California was acquired from Mexico for fifteen mil lions, ami the Territory of New Mexico was obtained from Texas for the sum of ten millions. Early in 1801 the war of the rebellion commenced; and from the first of July of that year to the thirtieth of June, 1805, the public expenditure reached the enormous aggregate of thir ty-three hundred millions. Three years of peace have intervened, and during that time the disbursements of the Govern ment have successively been five hun dred and twenty millions, three hundred and forty-six millionsand three hundred and ninety-three millions. Adding in these amounts three hundred and seven ty-two millions, estimated us necessary for the fiscal year ending the 30th of June, 1809, wo obtain a total expenditure of six teen hundred millions of dollars during the four years immediately succeeding the war, or nearly as much us was ex pended during the seventy-two years that preceded the rebellion, and embraced the extraordinary expenditures already named. . . These startling facts clearly illustrate the necessity of—yetrenohment in all branches of the public service. Abuses which wore tolerated during the war for the preservation of the nation, will not be endured by the people, now that pro found peace prevails. The receipts from internal revenues and customs have, du ring the past three years, gradually di minished, and the continuance of useless and extravagant expenditures will in volve us in national bankruptcy, or else make inevitable an increase of taxes, al ready too onerous, and in many respects obnoxious on account of their inquisito rial character. One hundred millions an nually are expended for the military force, a large portion of which is em ployed in tlie execution of laws both un necessary and unconstitutional ; one hun dred and lifty millions are required each year to pay the interest on the public debt; an army of tax,gatherers impover ishes the nation; and nubile agents, placed by Congress beyond the enntrcl of the Executive, divert from their legiti mate purposes large sums of money which they collect from the people in the name of tho Government. Judicious legisla tion and prudent economy can alone rem edy defects and avert evils which, if suf fered to exist, cannot fail to diminish con fidence in the public councils, and weak en the attachment and respect of tho peo ple towards their political institutions.— Without the proper care, the small bal ance which it is estimated will remain in the Treasury, at the close of tho present fiscal year, will not be realized, and aiU ditional millions be added to adebt which h now enumerated by billions. It is shown, by the able and’eompre hensive report of tho Secretary of tho Treasury, that tho receipts for the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1808, were $405,- G3S.OS3, and that the expenditures for the same period were $377,340,284, leaving in tho Treasury a surplus of $28,297,798. It is estimated that tho receipts during the present fiscal year ending June 30, will be $341,302,808, and tho expenditures $330,152,470, showing a small balance of $5,240,398 in favor’of the Government.— For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1870, it is estimated that the receipts will amount to $327,000,000, and the expendi tures to $303,000,000, leaving an estimated surplus of $24,000,000. It becomes proper, in this connection, to make a brief reference to our public in debtedness, which has accumulated with such alarming rapidity and assumed such colossal proportions. In 1789, when the Government com menced operations under the Federal Constitution, it was burdened with an in debtedness of seventy-five millions of dol lars, created during the war of the Revo lution. This amount had been reduced to forty-five millions dollars, when in 1812 war was declared against Great Brit ain. The three years' struggle that fol lowed largely increased the national ob ligations, and in 1816 they had attained the sum of one hundred and twenty-sev en millions. Wise and economical legis lation, however, enabled the Govern ment to pay the entire amount within a period of twenty years, and the extin guishraeut of the national debt ullecl the land with rejoicing, and waa ono of the great events of President Jackson’s ad ministration. After its redemption a llarge fund remained in the Treasury, which was deposited for safe keeping with the several States, on condition that it should be returned when required by the public wants.. In 1819—the year af ter the termination of an expensive war with Mexico—wo found ourselves involv ed in a debt of sixty-four millions; and this was the amount owed by the Gov ernment in 1860, just prior to the out break of the rebellion. In the spring of 1801 our civil war commenced. Each year of its continuance made an enor mous addition to the debt; and when, in■ the spring of 18(15, the nation successfully emerged from 'the conflict, the obligations of the Governmeut had reached the im mense sum of $2,873,992,009. ■ The Secretary cl tho Treasury shows that on the Ist day of November, 1807, this amount had been reduced to $2,491,- 504,450; but at the same time bis report exhibits au Increase during the past year of $35,025,102; for the debt on the Ist day of November last is stated to have been $2,527,120,552. It Is estimated by the Sec retary that the returns lor the past month will add to our liabilities the further sum of cloven milllons-maklng a total in crease during thirteen months of forty six and a half millions. .. In my message to Congress of Decem ber 4, 1805, it was suggested that a policy should ho devised which, without being oppressive to ■ the people, would at onco begin to ellect a reduction of the debt, and, if persisted in, discharge it fully within a definite number of years. Tho Secretary of the Treasury forcibly recom mends legislation of this character, and 1 justly urges that the longer it Is deferred ’the more difficult must become Us accom plishment. We should follow the wise precedents established In 1789 and ISIO, and without further delay make provis ion for the payment of our obligations at as early a period as may be practicable. — The fruits of their labors should bo enjoy ed by our citizens, rather than used to build up and sustain moneyed monopoly in our own and other lands. Our for eign debt is already computed by the Secretary of the Treasury at eight hun dred and fifty millions; citizens of foreign countries receive interest upon n large portion of our securities, and American tax-payers are made to contribute large sums ior their support. The idea that such a debt is to become permanent should be at all times discarded, us invol ving taxation too heavy to be borne, and payment once in every sixteen years, at the present rate of interest, of an amount equal to the original sum. This vast debt, if permitted to become permanentan'd in creasing, must eventually bo gathered in to the hands of a few, and enable them to exert a dangerous and controlling power in the affairs of the Government. The borrowers would become servants to the lenders—the lenders the masters of the people. Wo now pride ourselves upon having given freedom to four millions of the colored race ; it will then be our shame that forty millions of people, by their own toleration of usurpation and profligacy, have suffered themselves to become en slaved, and merely exchanged slaveown ers for new taskmasters in the shape of bondholders and tax-gatherers. Besides, permanent debts pertain to monarchiui governments, and, tending to monopo lies, perpetuities, and class legislation, are totally irreconciliablo with free institu tions. Introduced into our republican system, they would gradually but surely sap its foundations, eventually subvert our governmental fabric, and erect upon its ruins a moneyed aristocracy. It is our sacred duty to transmit unimpaned to our posterity the blessings of liberty which were bequeathed to us by the foun .dersof the Republic, and by our example teach those who are to follow us carefully to avoid the dangers which threaten a free and independent people. Various plans have been proposed for the paymeutof the public debt. Howev er they may have varied as to the time and mode in which it should bo redeem ed, there seems to be a general concur rence as to the propriety and justice ol a reduction in the. present rate of interest. The Secretary of the Treasury in Ills re port recommends five per cent. Con gress, in a bill passed prior to adjourn ment on the 27th of July last, agreed up on four and four and a half percent.; while by many three \ or cent, has been held to be an amply sufficient return for the investment. The general impression us in the exorbitancy ol the existing rate of interest has leil loan inquiry in ihe public muni respecting Lheeonaideiauon which the government has actually re*. oeived for its bonds, aml the conclusion is becoming prevalent that the amount which it obtained was in real money three or four hundred percent. loss than the obligations which it issued in return. ‘lt cannot bo denied that we are paying an extravagant per centago for the use of the money borrowed which was paper currency, greatly depreciated below the value of coin. This fact is made appa rent when we consider that bondholders receive from the Treasury, upon each dollar they own in government securi ties, six per cent, in gold, which is nearly or quite equal to niue per cent, in cur rency ; that the bonds are thou converted into capital for the national banks, upon which those institutions issue their cir culation, bearing six per cent.’interest; and that they are exemnt from taxation by the Government and the States, ami thereby enhanced two per cent, in the hands of the holders. We thus have an aggregate of seventeen per cent, which may be received upon each dollar by the owners of Government securities. A sys- tom that produces such results is justly 1 regarded as favoring a few at the expense i of the manyi and has led to the further inquiry whetherour bondholders, in'view i of the largo profits which they have en joyed, would themselves bo averse to a settlement of our Indebtedness upon a i plan which would yield them a fair re muneration, and at the same time be just to the tax-payers of the nation. Our na- 1 tional credit should be sacredly observed ; i but In making provision for our credi- ' tors we should not forget what is due to the masses of the people. It may be as sumed that the holders of our securities have already received upon their bonds a larger amount than their original invest ment, measured by a gold standard.— Upon this statement of facts it would seem but just and equitable that the six per cent, interest now paid by the Gov ernment should be applied to the reduc- . tion of the principal in semi-annual iu-t atalmcnts, which in sixteen years and eb'ht mouths would liquidate the entire national debt. Six per cent, in gold would at present rates bo equal to nine per cent, in currency, and equivalent to tlio payment of the debt one and a half times in a fraction less than seventeen years. This, in connection with all the other advantages derived from their in vestment, would afford to the public cred itors a fair and liberal compensation for the use of their capital, and with this they should be satislled. The lessons of the past admonish the lender that it is not well to be over anxious in exacting from the borrower rigid compliance with the letter of the bond. If provision bo made for the payment of the indebtedness of the Government in the manner suggested, our nation will rapidly recover its wonted prosperity.— Its Interests require that some measure should be taken to release the largo amount of capital invested in the securi ties of the Government. It is not now merely unproductive, but in taxation an nually consumes one hundred and fifty millions of dollars, which would other wise be used by our enterprising people in adding to the wealth of the nation. Our commerce, which at one time suc cessfully rivalled that of the great mari time Powers, has rapidly diminished, and our industrial interests are in a depressed and languishing condition. The devel opment of our inexhaustible resources is checked, and the fertile fields of the South are becoming waste for want of means to till them. With the release of capital, new life would be infused into the para lyzed energies of our people, and activity and vigor imparted to every branch of industry. Our people need encour agement in their efforts to recover from the effects of the rebellion and of in judicious legislation; and itshould be the aim of the Government to stimulate them by tlie prospect of an early release from the burdens which impede their prosper ity. If we cannot take the burdens from tilpir shoulders, wo should at least mani fest a willingness to help to bear them. In referring to the condition of the cir culating medium, I shall merely reiter ate substantially, that portion of my last annual message which relates to that sub- proportion which the currency of any country should hear to the whole value ot the annual produce circulated by its means is a question upon which political economists have not agreed.— Nor can it be controlled by legislation, but must be left to the irrevocable laws which everywhere r.-'gulnte commerce ami trade. The circulating medium will ever irresistibly flow to those points where it is in Neatest demand- The law of demand and supply is as unerring ns that which negulates the tides of the ocean; and indeed currency, like the titles, baa Us ebbs and flows throughout the commercial world. At the beginning of the rebellion the bunk note circulation of the country amounted to not much more than two hundred million dollars. Now the cir culation of National Bank notes and those known as “ legal tenders” is near ly seven hundred millions, while it is urged by some that this amount should lie increased, others contend that a deci ded reduction is absolutely essential to the best interests of the country. In . ‘ view of these diverse opinions, it may he well to ascertain the real value of our pa per issues, when compared with a metal ic or convertible currency. For this pur pose, let us inquire how much gold and silver could be purchased by the seven hundred millions of,paper money now in circulation? Probably not more than half the amount of the latter—showing that when our paper currency is compar ed with gold and silver, its commercial value is compressed into three hundred ami fifty millions. This striking fact makes it the obvious duty of the Gov ernment, as early as may be consistent with the principles of sound political economy, to take such measures as will enable the holder of its notes and those of the National banks to convert them, without loss, into specie or its equivalent. A. reduction of our paper circulating me dium need not necessarily follow. This however, would depend upon the law of demand and supply, though it should bo borne in mind that by making legal len ders and bank notes convertible into coin or Its equivalent, their present specie val ue In the hands of their holders would be enhanced one hundred per cent. Legislation for the accomplishment of a result so desirable is demanded by the highest public considerations. The con stitution contemplates that the circula ting medium of the country shall be uni form in quantity and value. At the time of the formation of that instrument, the country had lust emerged from the War of the Revolution, and was suffer ing from the effects of a redundant and worthless paper currency’. The sages of that period were anxious to protect their posterity from the evils which they them selves hud experienced. Hence, in pro viding a circulating medium, they con ferred upon Congress the power to coin money and regulate the value thereof, at the same time prohibiting the States from making anything but gold and sil ver a lender in payment of debts. The anomalous condition of our cur rency is in striking contrast with that whih was originally designed. Our cir culation now embraces, first, hotes of the National Banks, which are made receiv able for all dues to the Government, ex cluding imposts, and by all its creditors, excepting in payment of interests upon its bonds and the securities themselves; second, legal-tender notes, issued by the United States, and which the law re quires shall bo received ns well in pay ment of all debts between citizens as of all Government dues, exceptingimposts ; and, third, gold and silver coin. By the operation of our present system of fi nance, however, the metallic currency, when collected, is reserved only for one class of Government creditors, who, holding its bonds, semi-annually receive their in coin from the National Treasury. There is no reason which will he accepted as antifactory by the people, why those who defend us on the land niul protect us on the sea; the pensioner upon the gratitude of the nation, bearing the scars and wounds received while In its service ; the public servants in the va lious Departments of the Government; the farmer who supplies the soldiers of the army and the sailors of the navy ; the artisan who toils in the nation's work shops, or thu mechanics and laborers who build its edifices and construct its. forts and vessels of war—should, in pay ment of their just and hard earned dues, receive depreciated paper, while another class of their countrymen, no more de serving, are paid in coin of gold and sil ver. Equal and exact justice requires Unit all the creditors of the Government should be paid In a currency possessing u uniform value. This can only be’ ac complished by the restoration of the cur rency to the standard established by the Constitution; and by this means we would remove a discrimination which may, if it has not’ already done so, cre ate a prejudice that may become deep rooted and wide spread, and imperil the national credit. The feasibility of making our curren cy correspond with the constitutional standard may bo seen by reference to a few facts derived from our commercial statistics. The aggregate product of precious metals in the United States from 1849>t0 1807 amounted to §1,173,000,000, while for the same period, the next exports of specie were $741,000,000. This shows an excess of product over net exports of $433,000,- 000. There are in the Treasury $103,706- 985 in coin ; in circulation in the Slates on tbo Pacific Coast about $40,000,000, and a few millions In the National and other Banks—in all less than $100,000,- 000. Taking into consideration the spe cie in the country prior to 1849, and that produced since 1807, and we have more than $300,000,000 not accounted for by exportation or by the returns of the Treasury, and therefore most probably remaining in the country. These are important fuels and show how completely the Inferior currency will supercede the better, forcing it from among the masses, and causing it to be ex ported as a. more article of-trade, to add to the money capital of foreign lands. They show the necessity of retiring' our pa per money, that the return of gold and silver to the avenues of trade may be in vited, and a demand created which will | cause the retention at home of at least so ; much of the productions of our rich and inexbaustable gold-bearing fields as may be sufficient for purposes of circulation. It is unreasonable to expecta return ton sound currency so long as the Govern ment and banks, by continuing to issue irredeemable notes, fill the channels of circulation with depreciated paper. Not withstanding a coinage by our mints, since 1849, of eight hundred and seventy four millions of dollars, the people are now strangers to the currency which was designed for their use and benefit, and specimens of the precious metals bear ing the national devices are seldom seen, except when produced to gratify the in terest excited by their novelty. If depreciated paper is to be continued ns the permanent currency of the country, and all our coin is to become a mere ar ticle of truffle and speculation, to the en hancement in price of all that Is indis pensable to the comfort of the people, it would he wise economy to abolish our mints, thus saving the nation the care and expense incident to such establish ment-*, and let all our precious metals bo exported in bullion. The time has come, however, when the government and na tional banks should be required to take the most efficient steps and make all nec cessary arrangements for* a resumption of specie payments. Let specie payments once be earnestly inaugurated by the government and banks, and the value of the paper circulation would directly ap proximate a specie standard. Specie payments having been resum ed by the Government and banka, all notes or bills of paper issued by either of a less denomination than twenty dollars should bylaw be excluded from circula tion, so that the people may have the benefit and convenience of a gold and sil ver currency which in all their business transactions will be uniform in value at home and abroad. "Every man of property or industry, everv man who desires to preserve what be honestly possesses, or to maintain what he cun honestly earn, has a direct interest in mulntaininga safe circulating medium-such a medium ns shall be real and substantial, not liable to vibrate with opinions, not subject to bo blown up or blown down by thebreathof speculation, but to be stable aud secure. A disorded currency is one of the greatest political, evils. It undermines the virtues nccces snry for the support of the social system, and encourages propensities destructive of Its happiness; it wars against indus try frugality and economy, and it fos ters the evil spirits of extravagance and speculation.” li has been asserted by one of our profound and most gifted statesmen, that **ofall Iho contrivances for cheating tbo labor! ng classes of man kind none has been mpre effectual than that which deludes them with paper money. This is the most effectual of in ventions to fertilize the rich man’s fields by the sweat of the poor man’s brow.— Ordinary tyranny, oppression, exces sive taxation—these bear lightly on the YOL. 55.- happiness of tho muss of the communi ty compared with a fraudulent currency, and the robberies committed by depreci ated paper. The Secretary of the Interior, in his re port gives valuable information in refer ence to tho interests confided to iho su pervision of his department, and reviews the operations of the Land Cilice, Pension Office, Patent Otllce and the Indian Bu reau, . ■ During tho first fiscal year ending June 30. 1808, six millions six hundred and fifty-five thousand seven hundred acres of public land were disposed of. The en tire cash receipts of the General Land Office for the same period were $1,032,- 705, being greater by $284,883, than the amount realized from tho same sources during the previous year. The entries under the homestead Jaw cover two mil lion three hundred and twenty-eight thousand nine hundred and twenty-three acres, nearly one fourth of which was taken under the net of June 21, 1800, which applies only to tho States of Ala bama, Mississippi* Louisiana and Flori da. On tho 30th of June, ISGB, one hundred nnd eixty-nino thousand six hundred nnd forty three names wore borne on the pension rolls, and during the year end ing on that day the total amount paid , for pensions, including the expenses of disbursement, $14,010,082, being $5,391,- 025 greater than that expended for like purposes during tho preceding year. During tho year ending the 30lh of September lost, tho expenses of tlie Pa tent Ofiico exceeded the receipts by one I hundred and seventy-one dollars; and 'including reissues and designs, fourteen thousand one hundred and fifty-three patents were issued. Treaties with various Indian tribes have been concluded, ami will be sub mitted to the Senate for its constitutional action. I cordially sanction tho stipula tions which provide for reserving lauds for the various tribes, where they m#iy be encouraged to abandon their nomadic habits and engage in agricultural and in dustrial pursuits. Tills policy, inaugura ted many years since, has met with sig nal success, wherever it lias been pursu ed in good faith and with becoming lib-'' erallty by tho United States. Tho necessi ty for extending it as far as practicable in our relations with tin* aboriginal popu lation *is greater now than at any preced ing period. Whilst wo furnish subsis tence and instruction to the Indians, and guarautee-the undisturbed enjoyment of their treaty rights, we should habitually insist upon tho faithful observance of their agreement to remain within their respective reservations. This is the only mode by which collisions with other tribes and with the whited can be avoid ed, and the safety of our frontier settle ments scoured. Tho companies constructing tho. rail way from Omaha to Sacramento have been most energetically engaged in pros ecuting the work, and it is believed that tho lino will be completed before tho ex piration ob tho next fiscal year. The six percent, bonds issbed to these compa nies amounted on the sth instate $44,337,- 000, and additional work Ims been per formed to the extent of $3,200,000,000, Tho Secretnry of tho Interior in August last invited my intention to the report of a Government director of the Union Pa cific railroad company, who had been specially instructed to examine tho loca tion, construction and equipment of their road. - I submitted for the opinion of tho Attorney . General certain questions in regard to the authority of the Executive which arose upon this report, and those which had from time to time been pre sented by tho commissioners appointed I to inspect each successive section of the 1 work. After carefully considering the law of tho case, he utllrmod the right of the .Executive to order,, if necessary, a thorough revision of tho entire road.— Commissioners jvere thereon appointed to examine this and other lines, and have recently submitted a statement .of their investigations, of which the report of the Secretary of the Interior furnishes special information. The report of the Secretary of War contains information of interest and importance respecting the several .Bu reaus of the War Department and the operations of tho army. The strength of our military force, on the 30th of Sep tember last was forty-eight thousand men, and it is computed that, by the first of January next this number will be de creased to forty-three thousand. It is the opinion of the Secretary of War that within the next year a considerable di minution of the infantry force may be made without detriment to the interests of the country ; and in view of the great ex pense attending the military peace es tablishment, and the absolute necessity of retrenchment wherever it. can lie ap plied, it is hoped that Congress will sane- | lion the reduction which his report recom mends. While in 18(10 sixteen thousand three hundree men cost the nation $lO,- 472,000, the sum of $02,682,000 is estimated as necessary for tho support of the army during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1870. The estimates of tho War Depart ment for tho last two fiscal years were, for 1867, $33,814,401, and for 1808, 25.295,- 809. The actual expenditures during tho same periods were, respectively, $95,224,- 415 and $123,240,048. The estimate sub mitted in December last for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1809, was $77,124,- 7q7; the expenditures of the first quarter, ending the 30th of September bust, were $27,219,117, and tho Secretary of the Treasury gives $00,000,000 us the amount which will probably be required during the remaining three quartern, If there should he no reduction of the army —making its aggregate cost for the year considerably in excess of ninety-three millions. The difference between the es timates ami the expenditures for the three fiscal years which have been named is thus shown to be $175,545,343 for this sin gle branch of the public service. The report of the Secretary of the Navy exhibits the operations of that Depart mentand of the navy during tho year. A considerable reduction of the force bus • been effected. There are forty-two ves sels carrying four hundred and eleven guns, in the- six squadrons which are es tablished in different parts of the world. Three of these vessels are returning to the United States; and four are used as store ships, leaving the actual cruising force thirty-five vessels,carrying three hundred and fifty-six guns. The total number of vessels in the navy is two hundred and six, mounting seventeen hundred and forty-three guns. Eighty one vessels of every description are in use, armed with sis hundred and ninety-six guns. The number of enlisted men in the service, including apprentices, has been reduced to eight thousand five hundred. An in crease of navy yard facilities, is recom mended ns a measure which will, in tho event of war, be productive of economy and security. A more thorough and sys tematic survey of the North Pacific Ocean isadvised.in view of recent acquisitions, our expanding commerce, and tho in creasing intercourse between the Pacific States and Asia. Tho naval pension fund, winch consists of moiety of the avails of prizes captured during the war, amounts to $14,000,000. Exception is taken to the act of 23d July last, which reduces the interests on the fund loaned io the Gov ernment by the Secretary, as trustee to three per cent, instead of six per cent., which was originally stipulated when the Investment was made. An amend ment of the pension laws, is suggested to remedy omissions j nd defects in exist ing enactments. The expenditures ot tho department during the last fiscal year was $20,120,304 and the estimates for the coming year amounted to §39,- 993 414. The i’lß-lniLiMer General's report fur nishes a full mul clear exhibit of the ope rations and condition of tire postal ser vice, Tho ordinary postal revenue for the fiscal year ending June 3t). ISUB, was j.l(l 292,000. and the total expenditures, embracing all tho service for whielvspe eial appropriations have been jnado by Congress, amounted to $22,730,582. Showing an excess expenditures of $O,- 437,991. Deducting from tho expend!- Hates for ADVKRTismrjDrra wui bo inserted at Ten Cents per lino for tho first Insertion, and fire cent* per lino for each subsequent Insertion, Quar terly .half-yearly, and yearly advcrtiflcmeutaln* sorted at a liberal redaction on the above rate Advertisements should bo accompanied by tho Cash. When sent without any length Of time specified for publication, they will bo continued until ordered out and charged accordingly. Cards, HAKDmi.ifl, Cibcctlars, and every oth er description of Job and Card Printing execu ted In tho neatest style, at low prices. ■NO. 21, tures the sum of $1,806,525 the amount of appropriations, for ocean steamship and other special service, the excess of ex penditures was $5,541,460. By using an unexpended balance in tho treasury of $3,800,000, the actual sum for which a special appropriation is required to meet tho deficiency is $741,406. The causes which produce this large excess of oxpon ditureover revenues were the restoration ofservicoin tho late Insurgent States, and tho putting into operation of now service established by acts of Congress, which amounted within tho last two years and a half, to about4B,7oo miles—equal to more than one-third of the whole amount of the service at the close of tho war. New pos tal conventions with Great Britain,North Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Italy, respectively have been carried info effect. Under their provisions, important improvements Imvo resulted in reduced, rates of international postage, and enlarged mail facilities with European coun tries. Tho cost of the United States trana-Allan tic ocean mall service since January 1,28G8, has been largely lessoned under tho operations of these new con ventions a reduction of over one-half having been effected under tho now ar rangement* *for ocean mail steamship service, which went into effect on that date. The attention of Congress is invit ed to tho practical suggestions and recom mendations made in his report by tho Postmaster General. No important question has occurred du ring the lost year in our accustomed cordi al and friendly intercourse with Costa Rica, Guatemala Honduras,San Salvador, France, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Portugal, tho Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden and Norway, Greece, Turkey, Persia, India, Libera, Morocco, Tripoli, Tunis, Muscat, Siam, Borneo aud Mada- goscar. Cordial relations have also been main tained with the Argentine and the Orien- tal Republics. The expressed wiabrof Congress that our national good offices might bo tendered to those Republics, and also to Brazil aud Paraguay, for bring ing to an end tho calamitous war which has so long been raging in the valley of tlfe-La Plata, has been assiduously com plied with, arfll kindly acknowledged by. all tho belligerents. That importont ne gotiation, however, has thus far been without result. Charles A. Washburno, late United States Minister to Paraguay, having re signed, and being desirous of returning to tho United States, the Rear Admiral commanding the South Atlantic squad ron was early directed to send a ship of war to Asuncion, the capital of Paraguay, to receive Mr. Washburno and his fami ly, and remove them from a situation which was represented to bo endangered by taction and foreign war. Tho Brazli- Uan commander of tho allied invading forces refused permission, to the “ Was pi’ to pass through the blockading forces, and tho vessel returned to Its accustom ed anchorage. • Remonstrance having been made against this refusal, it was promptly overruled, and tho “ Wasp” therefore resumed her errand, received Mr. Washburno and family, and convoy ed them to a safe aud convenient seaport. In the meantime an excited controversy had arisen between tho President of Paraguay and the late United States Minister, which it is understood, grew out of his proceedings in giving asylum In the United States legation to alleged enemies of that republic. Tho question of the right to give asylum is one.always difficult, and often productive of great em barrassment. In States well organized and established, foreign Powers refuse to concede or exercise the right, except to persons actually belonging to the diplo matic service. On the other hpud, all such powers insist upon exerc&Uig the right of asylum in States where the law of nations is not fully acknowledged, re spected and obeyed. The President of Paraguay is under stood to have opposed to Mr. Waah burne’s proceedings the injurious and very improbable charge of personal com plicity in insurrection and treason. The correspondence, however, has not yet reached the United States. Mr. Washburno, in connection with Hits controversy, represents that two United States citizens attached to the le gation were arbitrarily seized at his side, when leaving the capital of Paraguay, committed to prison, and there subjected to torture for the purpose of procuring confessions of their own criminality, and testimony to support the President’s al legations against the United States Min ister. Mr. McMahon, the newly ap pointed Minister to Paraguay, having reached the La Platte, has been instruct ed to proceed without dolay,,to, Assun eion, there to investigate the whole sub ject. The Hear Admiral commanding the United States South Atlantic Squad ron*has been dirccteil to attend the now Minister with a proper naval force to sustain such just demands as the occa sion may require, and to vindicate the rights of the United States citizens referr ed to, and of any others who may ho ex posed to danger in the theatre of war.— With these exceptions, friendly relations have been maintained between the Uni ted States and Brazil and Paraguay. Our relations during the past year with Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru and Chile, have become especially friendly and cordial.— Spain and the Republics of Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador have expressed their wil lingness to accept the meditation of the United States Cor terminating the war upon the South Pacific Coast. Chile has not finally declared upon the question.— In the meantime the conflict bps practi cally exhausted itself, since no bellige rent or hostile movement has been made by either party during the last two years, and there is no indication of a present purpose to resume hostilities on either side. Great Britain and Franco have cordially seconded our proposition of meditation, and I do not forego the hope that it may soon bo accepted by all the belligerents, and lead to a secure estab lishment of peace and friendly relations between the Spanish American Repub lics of the Pacific and Spain—a result which would be attended with common benefits to the belligerents, and-much advantage to all commercial nations. I communicate for the consideration of Congress, a correspondence which shows that the Bolivian Republic has establish ed the extremely liberal principle of re ceiving into its citizenship any citizen of the United States, or any of the other American Republics, upon the simple condition of volunteer registry. The correspondence herewith submit ted will bo found painfully replete with accounts of the ruin and wretchedness produced by recent earthquakes of un paralleled severity, in the Republics of Peru, Equador, and Bolivia. The diplo matic agents and naval officers of the United Stales who were present in those countries at the time of those disas ters, furnished all the relief in their power to the sufferers, and were prompt ly rewarded with greatful and touching acknowledgments by the Congress of Pe ru. An appeal to be made a theatre for u now establishment of monarchical pow er too little has been done by us, on the otiier hand, to attach the communities by which we are surrounded to our own country, or to lend even a moral support to the ellorts they are so resolutely and so constantly making to secure republi can institutions for themselves. It is indeed a question of grave consideration whether our recent and present exam ple is not calculated to check the growth ami expansion of free principles, and make those communities distrust, if not dread, a government which at will con signs to military domination States that are integral parts of our Federal Union, and, while ready to resist any attempts by other hations-to extend to this hemis phere monarchical institutions of Eu rope, assumes to the charity of our fellow eitizens has been answered by erality. ‘ln this connection 1 subintt an an "al which has been made by the Swis' Republic, whose government and JOB PRINTING. Ctmfniucd on second page.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers