6 BRAVE TARSUE 184K7 HOW JACK CAPTURED MEXICO AND LET IT GO AGAIN. Qfeale Sum In Those Days Went Aronml with a Chip on His Shoulder, and In quiry Boards Rendered Verdicts Be fore They Slept. One day. In the year 1842. Captain Thomas Catesby Jones, then at Callao in command of a strong squad ron, which had been sent to the Pacific coast by the United States to prevent the seizure of California by the British, picked up a newspaper and read there in an article which declared that Mex ico had just ceded California to En gland. Before the close of the day a British frigate came into view, and, stopping only long enough to take a brief look at the Yankee squadron, sailed northward. The appearance of the English warship and her apparent haste to move northward, seemed to Captain Jones to substantiate the newspaper story he had just read. If the British were taking possession of California he had work to do. Up went his anchors and the prows of his ships were headed Caiiforniaward. He reached Monterey harbor, and at once landed and took possession of the town. The next day, very much to his chagrin, he learned that the newspaper story was a fake, and that he had tak en forcible possession of a town be longing to a nation with which the United States was at peace. He promptly surrendered the town and made wiiat amends he could. This is an interesting fact because it shows that the first warlike act on tho part of the United States against Mex ico was made by a naval officer some four years previous to actual hostili ties, and illustrates the distrust with which England was regarded by the United States at this period. The official declaration of war was made four years later, on May 13, 1846; but It was not until the Bth day of the following June that Captnln John Drake Sloat, commander of the Pacific squadron, then stationed at Mazatlan, Mexico, learned that war had been declared. He at once headed his ship, the frigate Savannah, for Monterey, California. When he reach ed this place he found the United States ships, the Y/arren Cyane, and Levant at anchor in the harbor. Two hundred and fifty men were ordered to land and take possession of the town, which was accomplished without opposition on the part of the Mexicans. Captain Sloat resigned on July 23, and the more active Captain Robert Field Stockton was ordered to take his place. Stockton proved to he the right man in the right place. lie at once moved •gainst Ives Angeles, with three hun dred and fifty men, and, on August 13, 1846, he entered the city without oppo sition. llcre he organized a state government with John C. Freemont at the head. The Mexicans rallied and fought fiercely for their homes. I,os Angeles and Monterey were retaken and Santa Barbara threatened. The Mexicans in the country far outnum bered the Americans: but the superior courage and skill of the Yankees event ually carried all before them. Brig adier-Ceneral Stephen W. Kearney came from Santc To, New Mexico, with one hundred men, and, reinforced by two hundred and fifty men, marched to San Diego. An army of seven hun dred men was raised for another at tack, on Los Angeles, and that city was re-captured on January 15. 1817. Captain Stockton now returned to the east, and Commodore William Bradford Shuhrlck, with the liner In dependence, and the brig Preble, and Commodore Briddie came to the eoa3t. In a short ttme every Mexican port north of Acapttlco was blockaded. The custom-house at Mazutlan was admin istered by the Americans and nearly $300,000 collected on imports. An Incident will illustrate the char acter of the naval warfare along the Pacific coast. During the blockade at Mazatlau, Lieutenant O. W. Harrison was out with three small boats on the watch for blockade runners. In his zeal be wandered far from the protec tion of the guns of his ship. The Mex icans, observing this, determined to eapture him and his men; and, man ning four big barges with at least three times as many men as Harrison had, started after him. Harrison's men could easily outrow the Mexicans; but flying from such an enemy did not suit the bold Yankee officer, and he treaded the boats straight for the Mex icans. The Mexicans' courage evap orated, and they turned about and fled for their lives the moment the American rillo bails began whistling in their ears, and this, too, when they were supported by field guns on the beach. No wcndei ths Yankee sailors felt themselves Vastly the superior of the timid Mexicans. The first work of the navy In the Gulf of Mexico was at. the battle of Palo Alto, when Commodore David Connor, commander of the Gulf squad ron, landed five hundred- men to help protect the garrison left by General Taylor at Point Isabel, An attack was made on Alvarado, w n important port aouth of Vera Cruz, also on Tuspan, and a second attack on Alvarado; but these all failed. Captain Calibraitk Perry, brother of Oliver Hagard Perry, commanding the Mississippi, was sent against Fontera. This is the same Perry who afterwards won distinction for opening the ports of Japan to American commerce. He had with him two steamers, the Vixen and Spit fire, and four schooners, with two hun dred marines and ample crews for all the vessels. A short distance above the mouth of the river, which empties Into the Gulf at Fontera, was a consid erable fleet of Mexican merchant ves sels. Captain Perry dashed over tho r!ver-T>ar, wita me aieamer vixen 5&B two schooners; and surprised and cap tured the shipping. The forts and town surrendered; and Perry ascended the river seventy-two miles and took the City of Tabasco. But the moßt Important work of the navy in the Gulf was the assistance it rendered In the capture of Vera Cruz. In March, 1847, there were seventy ships and transports before Vera Cruz, with General Winliold Scott's army of 12,000 men on board. A combined naval and army attack was planned. The contest began on March 9, 1847, with the landing of General Scott's army. On March 22 the land forces opened fire on the city; and the next day an attack was made on the Castle, the main fortification of the city, by the navy. At 8 o'clock on the morning of the 23th the Mexicans requested that the bombardment of tho city be stopped, and on March 28, 1847, the city of Vera Cruz was surrendered. No further work of importance was done by the navy In the Gulf during I this war. The war with Mexico gave the navy i few opportunities Mexico had no navy and there was no real naval bat i ties; but, In accomplishing the little , work it was called upon to do, it j showed that the same energy and cour -1 age which had made it famous in ISI2 | still animated its officers and men. SHADOWGRAPH. 1 A New Name Given to mi Olil Tlmo Amu.- liieiit which All 1;" joy. Shadowgraphs, a new and coined i name for our old friends, Shadows on the Wall, with which our grand fathers and great-grandfathers used to delight their grandchildren when tho day was closing, and the candles were alight. These shadows, indeed, have lived through centuries, but in late years have been very much improved upon, so that now they form a mo3t fascinating amusement for both old and young, at entertainments, at home, at schools, bazaars, etc. Now, If my readers wish to appear as entertainers with this most innocent and mirthful amusement, and they fol low out the instructions h"re given, taking a careful survey of the drawings illustrating this article, I can assure them, as a professional entertainer, that they will succeed; but practice they must, for without it nothing can bo accomplished. First and most important is the light. The stronger the illumlnant the better. For ordinary use the magic lantern come 3 first, as it gives a strong and steady light, and leaves the apartment in darkness. Then, we can recom mend the bull's-eye lantern; and last ly, even a good candle will answer the purpose very well. Whatever light is used. It must be placed at the hack, and nearly oppo site the centre of the screen. The dis tance therefrom you must determine for yourself, ap It will depend on the size of the screen and the space you wish to cover with light By referring to Fig. 1, you will see the performer at work. For a screen or sheet to project the shadows on to, hero is shown a wooden hoop, such as young ladies use for mild exercise at a certain season of the year, and which can be purchased cheaply in various sizes from most toy-shops. Having got your wooden hoop, next procure a piece of calico sufficient to cover it and turn over at the edges of the hoop, ar.d then, as you stretch it carefully, knock in small tacks to fas ten It on. Yon may support it in any manner that pleases you; but here is illustrated a single support, which ex plains itself. The performer is cast ing the shadow of an elephant's head upon the sheet. Monnlng of Thumb-Print*. It Is curious to notice that while a great deal has been written In a scien tific spirit of the value of thumb-prints as a means of identification, no one has yet found out what these lines in the thumb mean, or what they may in dicate in determining character. The variations have been traced, and the fact has been noticed that no two thumbs show precisely the same lines. The lines in the palm of the hand have been studied, too, for centuries, and tho believers in the possibility of reading character from the iines in palm are numerous, even among the educated. But too sifted scientists and the palmists stop here. The thumb, they know, contains IIJ : *3 as remark able and as varying tts the palm. But what it all means no one knows, nor has any one atteincted to guess. When we hark buck to the mystical knowledge of the ancients, it is mar vellous that they, too. in many ways wiser than we. should have beeu baf fled In reading the tnum'o. And at the same time they used chumb-prints as seals. The Aiueiicun Girl. American girls in good social posi tions are allowed more freedom than the girls of any other nation. The Eu ropeans are shocked at the way un married women In America are permit ted to go out alono with young men, or receive them alone at their homes! but it is not recorded that the morals af American women are any the worse tor the liberty allowed them. In the European countries a young lady must be under the wing of a chaperoue at i every turn. Ultra fashionable society in this country is taking up the chaper ane idea more and more every year— out the mass of American girls ere still tree to go and come its they plta-e, and I nowhere on earth are the girls so self- ' i eliant or more virtuous. An eminent astronomer say* that for communication with the inhab nuts of Mar 3 we should require a liafy as large B3 Irelaud, and a poie 500 m.ies !c.<a. I THE COLUMBIAN. BLOOMSBURG, PA. THE CONTROL OF SEX. Dr. Schenk Hlnhnrntc HIH Theory OR to the Mother'* Diet. Vienna, May 16. —Prof. Leopold Schenk's book will be published in Ger man to-day by the Vienna Arm of Schallehn & Bollbruck. The work be gins with a resume of the history of past theories of sex. The latest—that in which the result of all Dr. Schenk's observation and experiments is con centrated—is, as Is known, that the nourishment of the mother that is to be Is of the highest and foremost Im portance. Work and experience extend ed over a period of many years eon | vinced him, he says, first, that he must I devote his whole attention to the quan tity of sugar secreted by the mother's system in normal conditions. When there is no sugar secreted, not even the smallest quantity, then a male child will be produced. It is very Important that, before there is any prospect of maternity, the future l mother should have been receiving the j nourishment best suited to obtain this ] result, and that afterward she should . continue the same diet. I As to the general nature of the food to be chosen, Prof. Schenk says the mother should be given nourishment • rontaining nitrogen and fat in sufficient quantities, and only so much carbo-hy drates as not to let her suffer from the | lack of them. Best to begin with the treatment two or three months befnre , hand, and continue it for three months afterward. Some women cannot bear .this treatment with nitrogen in concen trated form. Women in the country 1 who have been fed on vegetable food ! all their lives will be among these. OUR NEW BATTLESHIPS. The Alabama I.tinnelietl from Crninp'g I Shipyard. Philadelphia, May IS.—The new bat tleship Alabama was launched at high ; tide to-day at the shipyard of William Cramp & Sons. Miss Morgan, daughter ■of Senator Morgan of Alabama, named | the vessel and broke the customary bottle of champagne over her bow. No i other ceremony marked the launching, j as the war regulations do not permit of entertaining a large crowd in the ship yards by the Delaware. The Alabama is one of the three I first class battleships, Identical in de- Irign, which were authoiized on June 10, 11896, and is the first to be launched. The | others are still about half completed— j the Illinois at Nev. vort News and the 1 Wisconsin at the Union Iron Works in Ran Francisco. I In length the Alabama ts 3GS feet. 13 feet longer than the battleship lowa. Her beam Is 72 feet 5 inches; mean draught 23 feet 0 inches, and she has a displacement at that draught of 11,525 ions. She will have two vertical three cylinder engines, driving twin screws, sstimated to develop U.OOO indicated horse power, giving a maximum speed if 16 knots. In guns the Alabama will be the equal of any craft nr.v atlont; the main battery comprises l'out 13-inch guns, and fourteen 6-inch rapid-fire guns, while the secondary battery has six leen 6-pounders, four 1-pounders, one Colt, two field guns and four torpedo tubes. MACKAY-OUER WEDDING. 7eroruoiiy Performed l>y Archbishop Cor rijcttu at the Duer Home. New York, May 18. —Miss Katharine Duer, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Wil iam Duer of 17 West 21st street, was narried at noon Tuesday to Mr. Clar ence Hangerford Mackay. Archbishop Dorrigan performed the .ceremony, ac iordlng to the ritual of the Roman Jatholic church, of which Mr. Mackay s a member. Wealth and fashion of New York urned out in a way that it has not >een represented at any marriage since Miss Consueia Vanderbi.lt married the Duke of Marlborough. There were such noted New York families represented as the Vanderbilts, Astors, Sloants, Gdelets, the Livings ons, Van Kensseiacrs ana Kings. The presents were nearly all costly Gems and precious stones. The Prin vess Colonna, the bridegroom's sister, tnd Mrs. John W. Mackay, ilis mother, presented the bride with a small fort me in jewels. Spanish News from Manila. . London, Muy 18.—The Madrid corre tpondent of the Standard says: "Very conflicting news has reached Madrid from official and private sources concerning the state of affairs 'n the Philippines. Captain General Au susti seems confident that he will be able to resist the American war ves sels for some time. His reports as to the dispositions of the garrisons and inhabitants are excellent. The princi oal difficulties are the rise In prices, the tcarcity of provisions and the unsettled state of the Interior of the country. "General August! hopes to overcome these directly relief comes from Spain, ■f he is also allowed to promise to grant the natives a part of the reforms de manded by the leaders of the insurrec iion, which were submitted to ..xarshal Primo Rivera during his governor gen eralship. Spain Is disposed to go far 'll conceding administrative and munici pal reforms, but she cannot easily com oly with the native aspirations as re gards the vast property and inlluence of the religious orders In the Philip pine and other archipelagoes. Pen nay I van lu Go vernorsblti. Philadelphia, Pa., May 17.—A dls- Jatch from Avalon, N. J., where Sena tor Quay Is spending a few days at State Senator Becker's cottage, says hat after a conference with State Chairman Elkin, Senator Durhnm and >ther Republican leaders, the Senator Dledged himself anew to the candidacy >f William A. Stone for Governor. State Chairman Elkin stated that Mr. Stone was sure to be nominated. He taid 301 of the 362 delegates l.ave been •leeted, and of this number he claimed 67 are for Stone. Of the 61 yet to lie dected, he said 37 would be for Stone. The Neutrality of Mexico. City of Mexico, May 18.—Proclama tions have been Issued ah over the tountry announcing the neutrality of Mexico between Spain and the Unite I States, and efforts have been made to orevent its discussion. The conduct o" the government is frankly and encrgtt cally impartial. High Mexican military officials con tinue to comment upon the advlschilit. >f the United States landing troops in f Juba declaring It to be sound strategy. JOHN PHILLIPS, HERO- How He Saved a Beleagured Frontier Garrison. in 1866 the Sioux, Under Their Great War Chief, Red Cloud, Would Havo Massa cred Iho Brave Defenders if John Phillips Had Not Sent Relief. A bill, couched in the dry, formal words of a legislative proposition, was recently introduced in Congress for the purpose of giving a pension to the widow of John Phillips. That may not interest you. But back of that bill is the story of as brave, courage ous a deed as ever made glorious the tecord of American manhood. It was John Phillips who rode from Fort Phil Kearny to Fort Laramie in December, 18C6, and saved the latter garrison from massacre. On the twenty-first day of Decem ber, 1806, Fort Phil Kearny, com manded by Col. H. B. Carrington. located under the shadow of the Big Horn Mountain and over 200 miles from the nearest telegraph line, was the extreme outpost iu that part of the Northwest. The savage Sioux under Red Cloud had been hovering in the vicinity of the post for some time and had been seen in large num bers on Tongue River, northwest of the fort. The Indians made attacks on the wood train a few miles north of the fort. A detachment of troops under command of Brevet-Lieut Col. Fetter man, including two other officers and several men and a number of civilians, made a dash from the fort for the purpose of protecting the wood train. When some four miles from the fort they were surrounded by the Indians in overwhelming numbers and evey man of the detachment was killed. Years afterward the Indians said that the troops were only kilied after their ammunition was exhausted. The triumphant and bloodthirsty Sioux were commanded by Red Cloud and outnumbered the garrison by twenty to one. They surrounded the fort and an attack was hourly expect ed. It was well understood by the gar rison that if the Indians were success ful in taking the fort it meant death for each and every one. Realizing the terribly fate that awaited tliern the women and children begged pile ously to be placed in the powder house and blown up in case of a suc cessful attack from the Indians. At this juncture, when brave men felt that the only possible hope for the garrison was in sending news of their beleaguerment to the nearest outside post, and not a soldier could be found who would brave the attempt to break through the savages and ride to the nearest outpost, a distance of 225 nnles, John Phillips, a hardy scout and hunter, volunteered to take des patches to Fort Laramie. Placing a few biscuits in his pocket, tying on his saddle a small quantity of feed for his mount, he quietly left the post at midnight on the night succeeding the massacre, and by hard riding, and es caping many perils on the way he succeeded in reaching Fort Laramie five days later. The country across which he rode was absolutely unin habited by white men, and the ground was covered with snow from three to five feet in depth. His sufferings will never be told. The weather was exceedingly cold, the thermometer reaching twenty de grees below zero. When Phillips de livered his despatches at Fort Laramie hardy, brave frontiersman as he was, he fell in a dead faint. Immediately upon receipt of these despatches troops were forwarded from Fort Laramie, and the garrison at Fort Phil Kearney was relieved. Foi this remarkable act of gallantry and en durance, which will forever place John Phillip's name in the gallery of heroic men, he was never in any way paid by the general Government. In the years immediately following this heroic ride, John Phillips was em ployed in various capacities at Gov ernment posts. The Sioux had sworn that they would be revenged upon him. He was continually hunted and harassed by them because he had res cused from their grasp the garrison at Fort Phii Kearney. He was now broken in health by the exposure and strain of his long and perilous ride. One night, feeling that his end was near, he called to his bedside his wife j and child. Taking the hand of each, I he pulled them nearer to him, They hejird him faintly whisper : "1 did . the best I could," and he was dead. Fake Clergyman- Rev. J. W. Connor is the name of a clever swindler, who represents himself as a clergyman, and who is operating throughout this region. He says he is stationed at North umberland, and claims to be an Episcopal minister, having charge of the parish at the place. It has been learned that the Episcopal faith is not tepresented in that town. He faked the business people of Shamokin and was traced as far as Mt. Carmel, but left the latter town for Shenandoah, where he will at tempt to opera.e.—Shenandoah Herald. A . "A PERFECT FOOD—as Wholesome as It is Delicious." \\ 0 WALTER BAKER & CO.'S O 1 If BREAKFAST COCOA 8 [S 3 "'i *v iv " Haß stood the test nf mon? than 100 y ars * use amonj all 5% *Uf i ? Elk classes, and for purity and honest worth is unequalled." FMm 1 —Medical and Surgicul Journal. W MB I r ','t \| Costs loss than ONE CENT a Cup. K %S BS 1 i J Trade-Mark on Every Packago. Si K WALTER BAKER.& CO. LTD., A A TRADE-MARK. Established I 780. DORCHESTER, MASS. ALEXANDER BROTHERS & CO. DEALERS IN Cigars, Tobacco, Candies, Fruits acd Huts SOLE AGENTS FOR Henry Mail lard's Fine Candies. Fresh Every Week. O-00Z3E3 JL SFECIALTY. SOLE AGENTS FOR F. F. Adams & Go's Fine Cut Chewing Tobacco Sole agents for the following Wands of Cigars- Henry Clay, Londres, Normal, Indian Princess, Samson, Silver Ash Bloomsburg Pa. IF YOU ARE LN NEED OF € A It O*IK 'S', MAT T 9 W, or OaC CLOTH, YOD WILL FIND A NICF. LINE AT W. H, ©MOWER'S and Door above Court House. A large lot of Window Curtains in stock. A. . A YEAR ROR—. • SI. 00 DEHOREST'S pamsi Y The subscription price of DEMOEEST'S t, W, „ is reduced tc Sl.OO a year. 1 lAGAAZINE. DEMOREST'S FAMILY MAGAZINE is MORE THAN A FASHION MAGAZINE, although gives the very latest home and foreign fashions each month ; this is only one of its many valuable features. It has something for each member of the family, for every department of the household, and its varied contents are of the highest grade, making it, pre-eminently, THE FAMILY MAGAZINE OF THE WORLD. It furnishes the het thoughts of the most in teresting and most progressive writers of the day, and is abreast of the times in everything, —Art, Literature, Science, Society Affairs, Fiction, Household Matters, Sports, etc, —. single number frequently containing from 200 to 300 tine engravings, making it the MOST COMPLETE AND MOST I'UOFUSIiLY ILLUSTRATED of the GREAT MONTHLIES. DEMOREST'S MAGAZINE Fashion Department is in every way far ahead of that con tained in any other publication. Subscribers are entitled each month to patterns of the latest fashions in womans' atfi AT NO COST TO THEM other than that necessary for postage and wrapping, NO BETTER GIFT than a year's subscription to DEMOREST'S MAGAZINE can be made. Ily subscribing AT ONCE you can get the magazine at the reduced price, and will also receive the handsome 25-cent Xmas Number with its beautiful panel picture supplement. Remit $1 00 by money order, registered letter or check to the DEMOREST PUSLISHSNC CO., 110 Fifth Ave., N. Y. City. GREAT SPECIAL CLUSBFiG OFFER FOR PROMPT SUBSCRIPTIONS. f ONLY $1.75 FOR D THE COLUMBIAN I , aud Demorest's Family Magazine. , t. Send your subscriptions to this office. J APRIL IN HISTORY. April 19th ! Fateful month and tateful day ! It was on April 19th, 1775, l ' lat I ' lC blow for American independence was struck at Lexington and the Concord bridge, where the shot was fired that was heard around the world. It was on April 19th, 1898, that America struck the blow for Cuban independence by adopting the resolu tion ordering Spain to abandon the island. Between these two events much of the important history of the United States has begun in the month of April. The New York Herald has compiled the following statistics : April 18th, 1775, Paul Revere's famous midnight ride. April 19th, 1775, beginning of the Revolution by battle at Lexington. April nth, 1783, Congress pro claims cessation of hostilities. April 15th, 1783, Congress ratifies preliminary treaty of peace with Great Britain. i April 4th, 181 2, Congress estab- i lishes the embargo that begins the war of 1812. April 21st, 1835, Santa Anna suffers his great defeat at San Jacinto. April 25th, 1846, hostilities open between the United States and Mexico. April 12th, 1861, War of the Re bellion begun bv General Beauregard firing on Fort Sumpter. April 19th, 1861, first bloodshed of the wgr, in conflict between United States troops and mob at Baltimore. April 9th, iSfis, Lee surrenders to Grant at Appamaltox. If history repeats itself, then we are entering the war with Spain in a month of peculiar interest, and we shall win again as we always have I won.— Philadelphia 'lnquirer. Try Allen's Foot-Ease, A powder to be shaken into the shoes. At this season your feet feei swollen, nervous and hot, and get tired easily. If you have smarting feet or tight shoes try Allen's Foot Ease. It cools the feet and makes walking easy. Cures swollen and sweating feet, b.isters and callous spots. Relieves corns and bun ions of all pain apd gives rest and com fort. Try it TO DAY. Sold by all druggists and shoe stores for 25c. Trial package FREE. Address Allen S. Olmsted, Le Roy, N. Y. Ocean Telegraph Stations- No doubt during the days of uncer tainty tn regard to the fate of the American liner Paris and her chances of being captured or destroyed en route by a Spanish war vessel the thought occurred to many that there ought to be someway of establishing one or more capable telegraph stations in midocean. Wherever there is a break in the ocean cable, as there has been from time to time since submarine tele graphs were laid, it is comparatively easy to find the ragged ends of the line and splice them. What is to hinder, therefore, the anchoring of a ship 111 midocean somewhere along the line of the cable and making of it a telegraph station ? Lighthouse ships are maintained permanently in parts of the sea more perilous so far as danger from storm and nurricaue goes than the open ocean. The cable ship, close to the lanes ol ocean travel, powerfully built, held fast by great anchors to her place and connected by strong insulated 1 wires with the submarine telegraph, I would be able to give notice to both I Europe and America of the passing of , every vessel that came within range ; night or day. Indeed improved | methods of telegraphing may make the establishment of a midocean cable 1 station easily practicable.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers