Thursday, April 16. COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBUHO. PA THE JIOENTGEX It AY. THE GREATEST OF ALL MODERN SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES. A I ' H Expimlt Ion of I lie Wond.irful Light That Randftr nit Material Tiling Vis ible to Hie Chiid-i-m, I'liutoRniphliig Through Wood. Unprecedented is the history of an ciont or modern science is the swiftness with which tho discovery of William Konrad Roentgen, a comparatively ob scure Gorman professor of physics, lms spread to tho four corners of tho earth. Unprecedented, alsi, is tho unanimity with which it lms boon taken np thronghout tho civilized world nnd tho extraordinary interest it has awakoned. it is dow a little more than three montha since Roentgen announced and demonstrated that he had found a new and wonderful property in certain rays of light, and in that time experiments have been inaugurated by hundreds of scientific bodies and by thousand of in dividuals. The lay as well as the scientific press has teomed with voluminous descrip tion, and a popular interest has been created that has never been hitherto ob served in the announcement of any im portant step forward in tho realm of scientific search and tndoavor. And this is in the very infancy of the discovery; in its germ condition; at a point where the human mind is just be ginning to grasp the multiplicity of its groat possibilities. No such specula tion as to future accomplishment attend ed Watt's discovery of tho power of the vapor from boiling water; nor the birth of modern photography, fathered by Daguerre; nor the invention of the mag netic telegraph by Morse; nor tho re cording of the human voice on the phou ographic cylinder by Edison. All these rilOFsOB KOEXTOEN. wore of slow propagation. What they might eventually become was conservatively discussed and rea soned out as they progressed and ini provod, but Roentgen has in a Bhort time flashed a new ray of light around the earth, and has li ;hted up a pathway so far ahead that its termination cannot bo conceived by the prtsent generation. Nevertheless, the speculation as to pos sibilities even at this early day is start ling. What Prof. Roentgen has found to be possible to bagin at tho beginning is the "photograp' y of tho invisible," and it isn't so much how ho does it or how he tells others to do it as it is what may be accomplished in the future from this discovery. The operation itself is not at all com plicated. The principal is tho employ ment of a current of electricity dis charged through a highly rarefied at mosphere, so highly rarefied indeed that it is the nearest approach that can be made to a perfect vacuum. This is secured in what are known as Crookes tubes glass bulbs in which the atmospheric air has been exhausted, and containing the positive and nega tive poles of a battery. The current is obtained from a large induction coil. The discharge creates certain rays of light in the tube, one of which is called the cathode or X rays the algebraic appellation of an unknown quantity, FHOTOQRAPMNO THE HAND. and used for convenience sake. It has a singularly penetr vtive power and is invisible in the dayl.ght. In a darken ed room it can be seen to shine through a book of a thousand pages, to light np two packs of cards hold together and to penetrate an inch of solid wood. All those substances lose their opacity un der the X rays. When a picture is to be taken of in visible objects, say the bono of a hand, a Crookes tube is suspended about six inches over the baud. Beneath 'the tube is a lead diagram with a hole in it, through which the rays shoot. Undor the diaphragm the hand of the subject is placed on a sensitive photographic plato, the plate being first wr vpped in heavy paper to keep out the ordinary light. Both it and the hand are then covorod with a black cloth. The currant is turned on and kept on from 85 min utes to an hour und a half. The long er the ex posure ttie better the result will bo. After it is believed that sufficient ex posure has neon made the plate is taken to tho dark room and developed in the regular way. The print is then made, and i everything has been properly douo it will be found that the image of tho hand, in slightly dim shadow, bus boon projected on the plate, through the i cloth, the paper, and the black card board plato cover, which may be uuod if desired. Tho hand id outlined in aadow, but the bone. within itax i Stiff1 imulo more clearly visl'idfi than the flesh. If an envelope containing several fl.it snbstanees like n key, ring or coin, be placed over a sensitive plate nnd expos ed to the X rays for twenty minutes, the imago of the invisible ni l id cs will bo very distinct. lyey nnd coin will be sharply outlined. I'aper appears to of fer the least resistance to the rays. As hi ion as Roentgen's cn:nmunication to tho Wuraburg Society was given to tho world, exjierinmuling b g 111 every where. The now radient cu-.-rgy became th subject of discussion among tho an atomists nnd Mirg'oas nil over the world. It was contended that if tho X rays could picture the bones in part of tho human mganlsm, ticy could dis close a malformation or lc.-ion of those Ikhics. If the rays could pw-io'ra. tin i'.esh of tho hand, they mi.is'nt peuetr ito the flesh of the chest and i over the ex act location and uxt"nt of dis'-as-.-d lung colli); they might tin:.! u tumor in the stomach where none was s vied, they might determine the certain existence WW. T ft.. k-xt :;' .-:. 5 J-.:- it 'V V-f-tih in TAKEN TIIKOUOII AN' INCH IlOAHIi T11UEK .MI.NTTUS EXPOSUUK. or ubsenco of uppordicitis ; tho location of a bullet in muscular tissue or in the osseous structure, tho determination of ' a dislocation, tho precise seat of adhe sion in pleurisy, tho discovery of a brain i lesion in fact, it is hoped and expected j from tho present outlook that the ca . thodo ray will some day become the ' groat search light in surgery, the great ! diagnostician, as exict an 1 as irrefuta ble as a mathematical axiom. If the penetrative quality of this mys terious property bo still further devel oped the possibilities in other directions ' are well nigh limitless. The internal 1 secrets of all structural work will be laid bare with its employment as a de tector of faults. Nothing invisible in the concroto world can escape after it has been brought to the zeni'h of perfection. Cuught a Wliulc in Ills NX. The sharks drive a hump-backed whale into tho nets set by W. D. Qori, -V. D. Gori. giving him When they of Capitola, 'recently, after g ! a merry chase for his life. I got the whale tied up they left him and i went off to seek oth r prey. I Uori eamo down to his nets in the . morning and found, instead of the bass lor which lie had tet his nets, the whale, . for which ho had no particular use. It 1 was a question of saving his nets, lie i and his men found the hump back a j tough fellow to der.l with, and finally had to resort to dynamite, which was j driven into him with a pointed gas- pipe- 1 The huge fish, wl ich was over forty ' feet long, droppo 1 immediately to the bottom of tho bay as soon as the explo sion occurred, canying tho net with him. The seine was worth about one hundred dollars, and the oil to be se cured will not cover half the cost. San Fraucisco Examiner. Saw the C ln:ipeulio unit Sliunnun F'luht. William Endicott, of Beverly, Mass., who hai just celubratod his !)7th birth day, and is in enjoy nent of good health is the nearest direct desceudent of Gov ernor John Eudieot';. He was an eye witness of the battle between the Chesa cake and the Shan non during the Wcr of 1812. and after the fight ho attended the funeral of Lawrence and Ludlow, who were killed in that conflict. UP HILL AND DOWN. "Land Bakes, it's Just ft toy to rldo. Sort of a winded tolmKwui kIIUu. Learn? Why, lie tiikes mo lor a fool With Ula volylecknlc riulu' acliuol. "Tl a' was nn earthquake, can't feul Bit, That UIHi-il iiim over beside tilts tr e. Ami a estern cyolono bent my nose Aud liyvud tho Utuuw ftU out of iny olothes. Uuw York Herald. , i -pi . -: GETTING READY FOR SUMMER. . t linptir nn Similiter fcllkn, Slilrt M'nUts j mil Washable Mitlrrlnls. rliliKhcil ly s lnl nrrnnireincnt with tlie New Viirk Sun. The variety in washing materials must bo seen to be appreciated, for it surpasses anything over shown hero bo fore. The new pique are much finer and more pliablo than the old-fashioned fabric of this kind, and they come in tiny stripes and figures of satin finish in all the light and dark shades of every fashionable color, and with open work embroidered patterns scattered here nnd there. Tho fancy cotton crepes and crepons are very pretty. "Wash-ing-poplin" is mentioned in tho foroign fashion notes as oi.b of our new mate rials. White lawns with a narrow stripe of black, dainty flowers between, and tinypinhead dotsof black all over them, make pretty summer gowns, and they are very cheap. Chusau taffets, which is a cotton material with a printed warp, looks much like fine gingham, comes in patterns which resemble silk, and costs about twenty cunts a yard. Mam mm The colors which seom to head the list this season are blue in all its vary ing shades, especially turquoise, green, and brown, but there is such a medley of color in tho chameleon silks and rib bons which shades so differently in dif ferent lights that all the colors of tho rainbow seem to bo blended together in one indescribable changing tint. The close coat sleeve is still promised for the near future, but all stylos and sizes of puffs are offered as a sort of compromise between the large and the small, to win the way for tho one which is not contemplated with uny pleasure by the majority of women. I ''tfhtg fJl'4h'X" LJ-f The shirt waist is mado with a nar row pointed yoke in the back, and with or without a yoke in front, and the col lar and cuffs may ba of tho sume ma terial or of white linen. Dimities, lawns, und batistes, plain, striped, and patterned all over in Persian designs, make the daintiest shirt waists, and these usually have n soft turn- back cuff of the same, and either a white linen collar or a colored satin stock with a white piping sot in the edges and a nar row satin tie to match is tied around the neck over this. Bleeves of those thin waists sometimes are tuckedjin one cluster at the top, or in two, one being well down toward the waist. Swivel silks, ginghams, and the, heavier cotton cheviots are also mado up into theso waists, but tho batistes seem to bo the favorites this season. The light colors look pretty with white muslin collars and cuffs trimmod with lace, and ecru batiste waists are trimmed up and down or across with innumerable frills of narrow Valenciennes lace. Another stylo has a yoke of ecru embroidery, with a frill of embroidery around the edge. Very handsome ure the dottt-d Swiss muslin waists, lined with silk and trimmed elaborately with lace and ribbon. Theso usually have elbow sleeves and a wide collar of inutiliu with, yellow lice on the edge. M.-i I B I If f II fli t mm mi i i I V y TXoS ;?T WW Mm .'MMER CABIN. ri.iin - nml a IVinillivo folly Itemlniln Time. ""PjriKtii 1)' 'o-Op'-rntors Building P'.nr A-- M"littl(in, N. V. A club of m n cauipiiig in the wo--l. might ensiiv vnsify their sport-. 'iy building with t'lidr own hands a c.ibi'i like that i'lns'rating this article. About all that would neeil to be purchased in tho way of materials would be a wagon load of flooring, a few sashes, a keg of nails, a pair of strap hinges, one pound of rope, a small pulley, canvas for doors, p. stovepipe and a barrel of cement. The cement may bo omitted if good, stiff clay is availnhbt. A few axes, a saw, a hammer, a trowel nnd a shovel would bo all the tools required. It tho club'! resort bo far from the haunts of men. they may put in prac tice squatter sovereignly, but it wo'-.'d bo wiser to got permission to uso the laud. . vt i Following will be found a brief de scription ; General Dimensions Wilth, not in eluding projections of chimney, 43 fott; depth, including veranda and not in cluding cook shed, 87 feet (J inches. Heights of Stories First story, 8 feet flinches; second story to ridge, 11 f"et; at side walls, 1 feet. Exterior Materials Foundation, large stones and logs; all walls and gables, logs. Joints to be filled with clay. Roofs made of baric, laid like Spam- i tiling and iiii':eu with one nail to each piece under b p. Interior Fiuish itooins und vcr.mda floored with spruce. Interior walls left with logs show ing. Htone fireplace und chimney laid i:i clay. Accommodations All rooms and their sizes shown by floor plans. Attic floored and well ventilated. Largo openings from sleeping room and living room t havo canvas cc.r ains hung at top and arranged with flip strings to shut so- curely. Bleeping room to have fonr bunks at end, as shown on plans. In caso ladies are in tho party they 'conld sleep in this room, the men sleeping in t'ao attic, or, reversing tho arrange ment, give the ladies the attic, where thoy would probably feel more secure. Accoss to tho at tic room from open din ing room by a cuttle and steps. Steps arrangod with rope and pulley to swing up against ceiling of first story when not in use. In case window frames cannot bo procured conveniently, tho j window openings may be covered with canvas. Passage between open dining room and cook shed to be uncovered. Stovopipe hole and pipe at rear of cook shed us shown on plan. When cabin is not tenanted all opening! to be boarded up. A Dmmntlo Iucldnnt. The coming of Robert Ililliard to th i city, where ho fills an engagement the coming week, recalls a very amusing in cident which occurred several years ago at tho Park Theatre whero Mr. B.ulia;d wa filling a professional date. ' Uis little san. then about three years . old, was in a box viewing tho perform- j ance. During tho play Mr. Ililliard vas required to make a daring jump from the second story window to the (stiigo) j street below. The dark faced, elonch hat man in tho play had spoken his threatening lino: "Jump, I say, or, by tho 'tarnal, I'll brain ye as I would a dog." The hero x:.- about to go wbeu t'w excitement b.. u ne too great for tho ht Ui follow in tho box. Jumping up ami running to tho front rail of the box, ho shouted, so that his shrill little voice could be heard throughout tho auditor ium: "Don't do it, papa. Oo'll hurt oo' self." Mr. Ililliard was broken up for the en tire act. Boston Transcript. Murk Twuln'a Latitat. Mark Twain has become so used to Eastern customs that he says ho cannot avoid slamming a door at present. A or i.. r if., mA . , Optn PAS&fcC, I J l , .J . i Optfv AflC 1 I A NEW GOVERNOR. THE LATE GOV. CREENHALCE'S SUC CESSOR IN THE BAY STATE. No Jlaiiilniiiiinr and No lli lli r Drrmeil Man In .Miiiii-hiiMf t. Nut nil Orator or llimilHlinki-r, but a ( U'ur Di lmtrr nml A Oond CHmpalRiier. Roger Wolcott, tho acting Governor of Massachusetts, is a Boston man, the son of the late Lieut. J. Huntington Wolcott. IIo comes from a family ovi old ns New England itself, closely iden tiflod with the early history of the colo nies, and conspicuous in the colonial and revolutionary wars. Mr. Wolcott is the fourth Governor in hfs family, the other three having achieved success in Connecticut. 'He was born on July IS, 1847. His hair is prematurely silvered, but in constitu tion and deportment he is a much younger man than the dato of his birth would indicate Six feet in height and of athletic frame, he h pointed out on tho streets of Boston many times a week as a person of striking appearance by luon who do not know him. Always a stadent and a clcse reader, he was known among the s' udents of Harvard aa a young man of considerable literary attainments. He was orator of his class, which was utriduated in 1S70. After leaving Harvard Mr. Wolcott bent all his enorgi -r to the f-tudy of law. lie was admitted to the bar. but liko his close friend, Henry Cabot Lodge, never practiced, all his time be ing occupied by hi i many affairs and his duties as trustee of several largo es tato.-t. His office is on tho sixth floor of tho Exchange Building in State street. Ibi has oeeuphd thre one large room, rather bare and lonely looking. His in clinations pointed toward politics, but his extreme modesty loug kopt him in tho background. Nature seemed to have fitted him for a high place, but politicians hereabout always maintained that he required somebody behind him to do tho push ing, lie was not aggressive enough, but everybody admitted that he pos sessed most of the other essential re quirements. f'l f?.v'w'A Ait mm 1 i'-'i:.''i IU1 KOOER WCLCOTT. j Mr. Wolcott was started on his po litical career in 1877, when he was sent to the Common Council, whero he re mained until 1S7S). ' In 1882 ho was elected to the lower branch of the Legislature, and he was I re-elected in 13 and 1884. While in i tho Common Council und the Legisla ture Mr. Wolcott was regarded as a hard-working, conscientious man. He i was not conspicuous in polities from j 1884 to 1800, but he gave his friends a ! tremendous sutprie when President : Cleveland came into tho field. For a i tiino ha was a Mugwump. He spoke and voted against J lines G. Blaine, and with Richard H. Dana practically defied tho old-line Republicans. In 1885 Mr. Wolcott und Richard H. Dana were sent to Springfield as dele gates to the State I.epublican Conven tion. In 1891 he w".s chosen President of tho Republican Club, and in 1892 he was eloctod Lieutenant Governor of the State. The lion. William E. Russell was Governor. Mr. Wolcott held second place from that time until Gov. Grejnhalge's death. Four years ago, when there was talk of running him for Governor, ho wrote : "My attitude towird the nomination is this : That in wl it seems to me the wholly improbable event of the Repub licans of the State wishing to place me in nomination, I s'lould consider it a wholly uudeserved compliment and honor, and should not decline, but I do hot sook thenomina ion, and if it should go olsowhere, as I think it will, it would bo to mo personally a relief rathor than a disappointment." Mr. Wolcott will be tho logical can didate of the Rcput'icans next fall, but tho American Protc ;ive Society, headed by Congressman Rising Sun Morse, want his political scalp, and will try to got it. Nut a Now WouiHii. They were discussing politics, and thero had been a noticeable lack of log io in any of her remarks aud argu ments. At last ho said with a little laugh: "I don't believe you can give me a single good reason for your being a Democrat." 'Are you willing to make a bet on it?" she asked. "I am," was the reply. "If you can do it you have two pounds of marrow glacos, to-morrow." "Well, then," sho said, with a merry twinkle in her eye. "I am a Democrut bocause my father is." She got the bonbons. New York Journal. Au limtmiue. "Morul courage," said the teacher, "is ' tho courage that makes a boy do what ho thinks is right regardless of tho jeers of his companions." I "Then," said Willie, "if a feller has candy und eats it all hissolf und isu't afruid of the other fullers calliu' him stingy, is that moral courage?" Cin j ciunati Enquirer. JJ? -4T JLmLil A REAL AMERICAN TRILBY. Mm. Onae Can Slnif Only I'mlnr Hypnotic Infliicnun, but mU Nn Nvi-nitll. There is a real Trilby in Now York City a woman of wealth and promi nence, who, like Du Manner's heroine, cannot ordinarily sing at all, but whose pure vocal notes and marvelous per formances on tho piano charm all who hear them whon sho is under the influ ence of a hypnotic spell. She is Mrs. Addie B"Iden Gage, who lives with her husband at the fashionable Hotel Em pire, Fifty-fourth Street nnd Columbus Avenue. Her strange case has boon ' tho marvel of her friends, as, indeed, it has been of herself, for years. It dif fers from that of Trilby in that Mrs. Gago has no Svrngali tho influence comes on, apparently, of itself. No one suggests it. Mrs. Gage feels no ill ffocts. Of what occurs during the presence of tho influence she is ignor ant. She has never heard herself sing. mmm .M, V W0- MRS. AHDIE BEI.DKV OAOK. Sho sits at the piano with tightly closed eyeltds, a strangely white, in tense, rapt expression on her face. while her hands seem to be stiffened and to fall without being in the least under the control of tho player. The singer wan dors from Gounod to Meyerbeer, from Verdi to Wagner, then to simpler melo dies, and finally to '"Homo, Sweet Home." Mrs. Gage positively asserts that it is not her own voice; sho declares that it is the spirit of a great actress and a singer, long since dead, who seeks as tral embodiment, and gives vent to its pent-up being, through tho medium of her person and throat. Somo thirty years ago Mrs. Addio Bolden Gago was born in Rochester, N. Y.. of a fiaa old aristocratic family. New York Journal. THE SEWING SCREEN. K. Cseful anit Ilurnrntlve Addition to lIouKihold Impediments. A delightfully decorative and useful note in my kidy's morning room, or a cozy setting for the corner of her bed room, is the sewing screen, a gracious little affair combining alb tho comforts of thread basket, pincushion, needle case, work bag, cf;tch-all, and table. One such screen, which graces the bed room corner of the home of a busy little housewife, is fashioned of yellow denim and a delicately flowered yellow silk, and can be very easily carried out in any color by a pair of clover hands. Tho framework, which consists of two leaves eighteen inches wide, is about three feet high and is covered from the nutsido and fastened on the inside cor ners with fancy gilt nails. Each leaf is dividod into three parts, the upper and lower given over to pockets made of tho silk, A needle case covered with silk and- a pincushion of yellow plush hang from the top of each leaf, re spectively. Two flut pieces of paste board covered with the silk fall against tho middle division of each leaf, one being hold by ribbons to form a wide pocket, the other standing for a small shelf or table when caught by ribbons to two fancy-headed nails on either side of tho screen above. Nothing so con venient was ever put into so small a space before, according to tho owner of this housewifely joy. For it is a joy, she will toll you. Here is always the very thread and needle one wants at her very hand. Here is room for one's work of various kinds. The table, pin cushion, scrapbasket, and scissors, which hang at the side, are ever ready, und all practical things considered, this home keeping attachment has the merit be side of being a thing of beauty. The Lurg-oiit Kvcr lluilt. The largest schooner ever built on the Atlantic coast has boon constructed at Bath, Me. She is a four-master and has been named the William B. Palmer. Her dimensions are: Length, 257 feet; breadth, 42 feet; depth, 20 feet, and gross tonnage, 1,805.73. The largest schooner previously built is the Gov. Amos, which is of only 27 tons less than the new vessel. Each of Palmer's lower masts is 1 10 f tot long, or one foot longer than those of tho Gov. Ames. Died ut ViV Visum. Hiram Lester, who died at the poor . farm in Henry County, Ga., not lorn; ago, was said to bo 121) years old. A sou of his living in the same poorhouse is 9o years old, and a daughter, who lives iu Heard County, u 05 years old. r.- ' n. .9', f f i 1 ; ; ' i t'rl
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers