f .' " "'j," 5BBr''" '"' '" ' jj"" '"' '",'n's;mT?l-j;LV'.f - 'f'fg'fftiiiwi ii hi MjHihii jr -' r r w ' I riwni wiwim. I'.w.m.. . i j .. n mi ...I. J J i mwuti n w pjiiJiiiijibirfii jcs u. .Hi.wiIiiih'i'w wiiKmiwii. mimipwifW iiimiiiiI Li.?.! mJ I MM! J THE COLUMBIAN, BL00MS13U11G , SATURDAY, MAY 12, 1866. -with t(dN7MS3Bniv softly, 11 Rear Colin J'OTiPfTiSM.M.iuii mill kissed her limid!iiVlTliJvlliU Urn door of n (lmnibei;a)ieiic(t'iiHl " FUlier Jerome, ivltlr vctwubtjjieefy 9too(l before thc7ii,fiTo young couple had nearly fallen from giddiness, Mul they held fast tojmehTotlmr. I kmtw not whether hi? waSMlifc elfoct of Ihehatid-kisMiig or the uwo they fell for the sago. Marietta handed liltu the myrtln wreath, llo laid It upon her head and mlil, " Little children, love one anoth er;" and then urged tin1 good maiden, in the most touching and puthcllc man ner, to love Colin. For the old gentle man, from his hat-due; of hearing:, had cither mistaken the namo of the bride groom, or, from want of memory, for gotten it, and thought Colin must ho the bridegroom. Thou Marietta's heart poftened under tho exhortation of tho venerable father, nnil with tears and sobsMio exclaimed, " Ah I I have loved hlni for aloiigtlmo, but ho hates me." "I bate thee, Marietta?" cried Colin; " my soul lias lived only in thee, since thou earnest to Nupottlo. Ohl Mariet ta, how could I hope and bellevo that thou didst love mo? Does not all Ntt poulo worship theo?" " Why then dost thou avoid me, Colin, and prefer all my companions be fore mo V" "Oh! Marietta, T feared and Irom liled with love and anxiety when 1 be held thee; 1 had not the courage to ap proach thee; and when 1 was away from theo 1 was most miserable." As they talked thus with each oilier tho good father thought they were quarrelling; and ho threw bis arms uround them, brought them together, nnd said imploringly, " liittle children, little children, love one another." Then Marietta tank on Colin's breast, nnd Colin throw his arms around her, and both faces beamed with rapture They forgot tho priest, th'cwholo world Colin's lips hung upon Marietta's sweet mouth. It was indeed only a kiss, but (v kiss of. Bwcetcst self-forgetfulncss Kach was sunk into the other. Both had so completely lost their recollection that unwittingly they followed the de lighted Father Jerome Into tho church and before the altar. "Marietta!" sighed lie. "Colin!" sighed she. In tho church there were many de vout worshippers ; but they witnessed Colin's and Marietta's marriage with amazement. Many ran before the close of tho ceremony to spread tho news in every direction throughout Nupoulo "Colin nnd Marietta are married!" "When tho solemnization was over Father Jerome honestly rejoiced that he had succeeded so well, and that Mich little opposition had been made by tho parties. Ho led them to tho parsonage. i:xd of this MnuoiiABU': niBTony. Tiir.X mother Manon arrived, breath less ; she had waited at home a long time for the bridegroom. Jleliad not arrived. At the last stroke of the clock she grew :mxlous,aud went to llerr Ilautmartin's. There a new surprise awaited her. She learned that tho Governor, together with the olHcers of tho.Viguorie, had appeared, and taken possesion of tho accounts, chests, and papers of the Jus tice, and at tho same time arrested Herr llautmartin. " This surely is tho work of that wick cd Colin," thought she, and hurried to tho parsonage, in order to apologize to Father Jerome for delaying the mar riage. The good gray-headed old man advanced towards her, proud of his work, and leading by tho hand the new ly married pair. Now mother Manon lost hcrwits and her speech In good earnest, when she learned what had happened. Rut Colin had more thoughts and powers of speech than In his whole previous life. Ho told of his love and tho broken cup, the falsohoodof tho Justice, nnd how he had unmasked this unjust magistrate in the Viguorioat Grassse. Then ho besought mother Manon's blessing, sinco all this happened without any fault on the part of Marietta or himself. Father Jerome, who for a long time could not make out whnt had happened, -when heircceivcd a full explanation of tho mnrriago through mistake piously folded his hands nnd exclaimed, with uplifted eyes, " Wonderful arcs tho dis pensations of Providence." Colin and Jfnrictta kissed his hands; mother Manon, through sheer veneration of Heaven, gave tho young cotiplo her blessing, but remarked, Incidentally, that her head-seemed turned round. Frau Manon herself, was pleased with her son-in-law, when she came to know tho full extent of his property, and es pecially when she found that Herr Ilaut innrtin and his nose had been taken as prisoner to Grasse. " Hut am I then really a wife ?" ask ed Marietta; "audreallyColin'swife?" Mother Menon nodded her head, and Marietta hung upon Colin's arm. . Thus thoy went to Colin's farm, to his dwell ing-house, through tho garden. "Look nt tho Hewers, Marietta," said Colin, "how carefully I cultivated them for your cup I" Colin, who had not oxpecled so pleas ant an event, now prepared a wedding feast on the spur of tho occasion. Two days was it continued. All Nupoulo was feasted. Whoshall describe- Colin's rapture and extra vaganco? Tho broken cup is preserved In tho family to the present day, as a memori al and fettered relic. Tiro Hartford Ontrant pronounces tho report of the Reconstruction Committee unsatisfactory to both North and South. Tho Springfield HrpuMtcan says : "Tho radical wing of tho Republican, party Is disappointed and dissatisfied with the Congressional Comnilltcooti Reconstruc tion, quite as much us If not more than tho more- con-crvutivo portion of tho party." It recommends that tho Ob struction Cominltteo bo dls-olvod, and ach House ilceldo for Itself us to tho admission of claimants. SHie (ifolumbian; jKcttflti: it. Jiiioiii;, r.ttiToit. .'fMH!intii,'H,yiTitn.v, may u Nut. TIIK CIVIL RIGHTS BILL. lit It tnaetid by the to-natc and House of tteprc senlalires of Ihe I'nllnl Mates of Ami ilea in t mum ss asstmbliit, Tint all Is'i-sons Isirii In Ilii' United Sluice mill nut subject In nny foreign power, ox- cltidhm Indians not luxist, lit lien declared tc becltlons ortlip United Stales, without illstlnc linn of color, ii nit llnMi'slinll Ik' iicicllxi-rlmliialloii In civil ilnhtu or liiiiiiiinlllci iniioiiK tliu I iilnil 1 InnlH or liny SJIuto or Tcirllory of tin I'nltcil Wiitinoli iKVoiint or nn i', color, or Ucvloiii con illllon ot sluvny: I'itt tlic liilialilttinli nf cut' riico nwl color, wlllioul vcpint to any prcvlon.s coiiillllon of flu very or lnvoliintiiry mi lliutc, ex ccil us a iiitiilslinii iit for crime whereof Uicurty nli.ill Imu' lici'ii duly cnnvlctcil, hIi.iII liavo t lie Kiiinn rlul it to make nnil enforco conlrmin, tn me. .c aitlc, uiul kIuj c lili'iicc, tolnliorlt, imrctirtic, loiiin, sell, linhl, uiul conu-y rent mul pcinonat properly, mul to full ninli'ipial lii ni'lllof nil tn ami iiiiKfiiUniiH for tno sccuilty of person unit property, anil sliall lie sulijeel lolllte iinnNliineiit, pnlno.nnit penall tea, mul to nonu oilier, any l.iw, Ktatute, orillnnnee, rcKiitatlon, ur cutltim to tliu eimlrary liotullliolaiullnpr. Wi:tTiof S. liirf be It further emiclnt, That any peiTon Mho, iiniler eolnr of any law, Ktatnte.orili- li. nice, lCKiil.itlon, or cuiloin, shall FUliJect, or eaii".e to l subjected, any liihalillmilof any Male. or Territory to the deprivation of any right w cured or protected by Uili act, or to dlirerent pun jKliinent, pain", or penalties on account of Mteh person hnvliiK t any (line been held In a eoiull t Ion of slavery or Involuntary servitude, except us a punishment fur the crime whereof the pint shall have been duly convicted, or by reason of his color or race, than Is piescribed for the pun Isliiucnt of while persons, nhall be deemed utility of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction, shall be punished by tine not i xceedllii? one thousand dol lars, or Imprisonment not oxccctlliiKoius year, or both, in the discretion of the Court. Sixtios 3. .tali be It furthrr rtmrtrit, That the. District Comtsof the Uiillcd Wales, within their resiK'etlvo districts, shall have, exclusively or the Courts of the seveial States, conlancc of all ci lines and oll'ences committed tmulnst the pro. visions of this act, nnd also, concurrently with Ihc Circuit (JourtH or tin' United Slates, orallcaus cs, civil or criminal, ntli'clhi't persons whoaiede. nled or cannot enrorco In the Courts or Judicial tribunals or the Slate or locality where they may bonny of the rluhts Bccnred totliem by the llrst section of this net ; mid If any sultorpiosecullon civil or criminal, has been or shall be commenced In any State Court UKiilust any such person, or against nny olllcer, civil or military, or other per son, for any arrest ordinprlsonmeiit, trespass, or wroncs done or committed by virtue or umler color of nuthorlty derived from this act or the act to enlarge the powers of the rieedtueirs Ilureau, such defendant shall have the right to remove such cause for trial to the proper District or Cir cuit Comt In the manner prescribed by Iho "Act relatlr.K to hiibcm eurinti and rcmilatlut; Judicial proceedings In ceitaln cases," approved March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-three. The Jurisdiction In civil and criminal matters hereby conrcrred on the Distrlctand Circuit Couitsorthc United Mates shall bo exercl.'cd and enrorced hi eonronulty with tho laws or tho United States, so r.irassuch laws are sultuhlo to carry the same Intoell'ect; but In all cases where such laws are not adapted to the object, or 1110 dcllclenl In the provisions necessary to furnish sultalilu remedies and punish oirences against law, the common law, as mn lined and changed by the constitution anil statutes of the State wherein tho Court hav ing Jurisdiction or the causo, civil or criminal, Is held, so far as the samii Is not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States, shall beextended toniul govern said Courtsln the trial and disposition or such cause, nnd, If of a criminal nature, In tho Inlllcllon of punishment on tho party found guilty. Six-riox 1. And be ilfiirt'itr ewtetetlrini the Ills trlct-Attoincys, Marshall, and Deputy Marshals or tho United States, the ( oiiuulsslonersappolnt ed bv the Circuit and TerrlloiaiCaiilMut I bo Uni ted States, Willi powers of ancstlng. Imprison, ing, or Isilllng ollenders against tho laws of the United Stutcs.thootltccrs and agents of the freed- men's lluicau, mid irrrj other v'Jieer 1110 ih-t.v be tlHVhillil emimwircil tho J'rciiilenl n the t'mtiil .Vfi'ct. shall be, and they nre iiereny, specially an thnrl'.cd and ictUlre.d, the eipeme nf the Vnllcd Utile, to Institute pioeeeillngs against all and every person who shall violate tho provisions of this net, and causo Jilm or them to lie arrested and Imprisoned, or balled, as tho eae may lie, for trial before such Court of the United States or Ter lltorlal Court as by this act has cognlance of the offence. And with 11 view to iillbnlllig leasona hie protection tonll persons In thelrconstltution ill rights of equality before the law, without ills tincllou of nice or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party sliall have been duly convicted, and to the prompt ills. charge of tho duties nr this act. It tlmll lie the dutu lit the Cirenit Oinrls f the United S(ffri, itud the Kitperinr nmrt of the Territories rtf the t'niteit Slritrl, from time tv time, to tnerente ihe number uf Cxmunli- itoners. no its tf aiford a iredjnind convenient nienm for the urrenl and examination of ptrsom ehar'jed tilth a violation of Ihts net. Suction- .r. And be it further enacted, That said Commissioners shall huvoconciii rent Jurisdiction with the Judges of tho Circuit and District Courts of the United States, and tho Judges of the Supe rior Courts or the Terrllorles, severally and col lectively, in term time and vacation, upon satis ractory proor being made, to Issue VMurants mid precepts, for arresting and bringing before them all oll'eiulers against the provisions of this act, and on examination to discharge, admit to ball, or commit them for trial, us Iho facts may war- unit. Sixtws Ct, And be II further cnaelcd, That ltshull he tho duty of all Marshitsiind Deputy Marshals tn obey and execute all warrants and precepts Is. sued under tho provisions or tills act, when to tlieiu dlreetedi and should any Marshal or Deputy-Marshal refuse tn receive such warrant or other process when tendered, or to uncivil proper means diligently to execute the same, he shall, 011 con viction thoicot, bo fined In the sum of ono thou sand dollars, to the use of the peison upon whom tho accused Is alleged to have committed tho of. fence. And tho better to enablo the said Conunls. Kloners to execute their duties f.iillifully nnd clllclently. In conformity with the Constitution or tho United States and the requirements or this net, ir.i are hercbj authorized and empowered, leilhin their counties rciccttccty, to appoint, In icrlt Inir, under their handi, aim one or more suitable pcrsoni from lime to time, to execute all such war rants and other proeeis ai inaij be issued bi them In tho lawful performance of their respective duties; and tho person so appolntisl to execute any war rant or process as nforesald ii( hare authority to summon and call to their aid the luitanders or posse coinltiitus of the proper eounlii, or such poitlon of the land or natal furees of the I'nited .Sri'e, or of the militia, as tnai be neeesnirjt to the performunceof the dutu with uhleh thejf are charucd, and to tnntcea faithful obsenanee of the clause of the CXinAtititllmt which prohibits staler:, In conformity with the provisions of this net; and said warrants shuil run and bo executed by said otneersi anywhere In tho State or Territory within vvhlgh they are Is sued, Hr.cTION 7, And be it further enacted, That any person wM shall knowingly and wilfully obstruct, hinder, nr prevent nny ntlleer, or other peison, charged with tho execution of any warrant or process Issued under the provisions of this act, or nny person or persons lawfully assisting him or them, from arresting any person forwnoseiippio hension such warrant or process may have been Issued, or shall reseuo or attempt to rescue such poison from the cnvtoily or the ollh er, other ht sou or poisons, or thosn lawfully assisting us aforesaid, when so arrested pursuant to the an thorny herein ulvtn and declared, or shall aid, abet, ornsslstany person sonrrestednsuroresnld, directly or Indirectly, to etenpo from the custody or tho olllcer or other js itiei leiinlly nutIiorlzila.s aroresald, or shall harbor or conceal any person for whoso nnest 11 warrant or piocoss sliall have been Isaiied us aloiesald, so iw lo pievent his ills cover' and arrest after notice or knowledijeoftho fact that a warrant ha been issued for tho appre hension of such parson, shall, for c ither of sold olll nccs, bo subject to a tlno not exceeding one thousand dollniB, and Itupilsoument not excei d lug six months, by Indictment nnd conviction beforo tho District Court of tho United Hlati for tho dlstilct In which Mild offence mny huv u Ihtii commuted, or beforo the proper Com t of criminal Jurisdiction, If committed within nny ono of the organized Terilloiies of the culled states. KKr-fiox H, And bo it further tnaetut, That the. Dlolrltt-Attorucy tho JIiutluI. their tlepuuv, ami Ihechrks of the said dlstilct, mul Territorial t'oiirls.sh ill he paid for (heir services the like IVi h as may li iillmied to Ihetii for similar servi ces In other cascsj and III nil eases where the pro cis dliigs arc before 11 ComnilsslMiicr, hn shall be entitled ton fee or teti dollais In full for his ser Mies liuiirh case, lncluslvo of all services loci, dcnttositch arrest mul examination. The per snii riritrmns authorltiil tn rxicute the process to be luiied bit such (immlssliuns for the arrest of olleu iters against Hie piovislnns or this net thuH I in- titled lo n fee ofjlee doltins for cafh pers'n he or they limy arrest mid lake befoio nny such Com missioner as nfoiesaid, telth svchii'lierfies as yuan tie di am d reasonable lii such commissioner for such other additional services as way be necessarily prr- format by Idm or them, such asnttiiullngat the ex- iimlnntlon, keeping the prisoner III ctKtndy, nnd providing him Willi ToihI and lodging during Ids dctculloii, nnd until the final ilctciiulnallnu of such Commissioner, and liia"ni'ratfor performlntt such athcrdulii's as mny lie required in the iiremtsis; such fies tube made tip In conrnnnlty with the fees usually charged by Ihe olllcers of the Courts or Justice within the proper district or county, as lienrns may be priicilcable, and paid out of Ihe Tnasuryofthe Culled States on the ci rtijleatc of the Juilye of the disti iil within ichteh the arrest Is mmle, mul lo be rcroverable from the defendant as part or the Judgment In case or com lctlon, Hkction f. And he II fitrlhercnaeled, Thalvvhen ever the President or the United Slates shall have reason tn believe that offences have been or are likely lo lie committed against the prov Islons of this act within any Judicial dlstild, It shall ho lawful for him, In lilssltsrretlnn, fotlnrf the Judge, Marshal, and DMrtct-Attorney of such district tout tend id such place uithtn the district, and for such time as he may ib'sljrnate, tar the purpose of tho more speedy arrest and trial of persons charged Willi n violation or this act j mid It shall be tho duty or every Judge or other olllcer, when any such requisition sliall bo received by hlni, to nt lend nt tho place and tor thu time therein desig nated, Suction- in. Anil be it further enacted. That II shall bo lawrul for the l'resldent of tho United Stales, or such pi rson as he may empower for that pitriiose, to employ such part of the land and naval forces of the foiled Slates, nr of the militia, as shall lie necessary to prevent the violation and enforce the due execution of this act, l'assed the Scnato l'obruary 2, IW. Altcst : J, W. I'OltNr.V, Secretary. A more accurate title for this measure would bo the Negro Citizenship Rill; but it is best known by the name given above. It was the twin bill to the Frecdmen's Rureati Supplement, which came to such an untimely end under the veto of the President. Roth were in tended to carry out a system of Federal interference and administration in the Southern country, as a fixed anil perma nent feature of national policy. Ry the Frecdmen's Ilureau Supplement a vast number of oflices were to lie established, and n general system of management over the relations of the white and black races was to be Inaugurated, and the provisions of the bill contained no limi tation of time as to the exercise of the powers provided for by it. No one is able to give an intelligent estiiuateoftlio expense it would have caused the (iov ornnientofthoUiiltodStates; but itcould not well have been, considering the machinery provided and tho extent of jurisdiction contemplated, less than twenty-five or thirty millions per an num. Kven tho present FrecdnienV Rureati, though comparatively limited in its jurisdiction and powers, costs the Government in direct expenditure at tho rate of eleven or twelve millions of dollars per year, and it is to continue in existence until April 2, ISO", being one year from the date of the President's Pence Pmclaiiialioii. A man might well think thiscnormoiisoutlay sullicient for tho particular objects in view. It is about as much sis the whole yearly ex penditure of thefJovermnent when John (Jitincy Adams was President. Rut wo intend to notice rather the other bill establishing negro citizenship throughout the country, commonly call ed tho "Civil Rights Rill," and which has been passed by Congress against tho opinion of the President. In tho first place this bill provides for an indelinite number of Commissioners, Presidential agents, and Commissioner appointees. The fourth section declares it to lie "The duty of the Circuit Courts of tho United States, and the Superior Courts of tho Territories of thu Cnlted States, from time to time to increaso tho number of Commissioners, so as to afford a speedy and convenient means for the arrest and examination of persons charg ed with tho violation of this act:" that is, they may appoint as many ofllcers as they please under pretence of enforcing the act. Tliesainoseetion,afternaniing District-Attorneys, Marshals, and Com missioners, adds: "And every other olllcer who may be especially empower ed by the President of tho United States shall l)e and is hereby especially author ized and required, at (lie expense of the United Slates, to institute proceedings against all and every person who shall violate the provisions of this act, and ctutso him, or them, to bonrrelcd and imprisoned, or bailed, us tho case may be, for trial," etc. And by the sixth sec tion tho Conimi-sioners are " Authoriz ed and empowered, within their coun ties respectively, to appoint in writing under their hands any one or more suit able persons, from time to time, to e.e cute all such warrants and other process as may bo is-ued by them," etc. And tho persons appointed "Shall have iiu thority to summon and call to their aid the bystanders or jios.it comltaitu of the proper county, or hitch portion of tfa land or naval forces of tho United States, or of the militia, as may be necessary to the performance of the duty with which they are charged," etc. These numer ous ottlcers, unlimited in number, and witli duties vaguely defined, tiro vested with powers never beforo conferred in tliis country upon executive olllcers Kven parts of tlto army and navy, and tho mllltlaaud citizens, nre maclo sub ject to tiio commands of tiny person ap pointed by a Commissioner who Is him self selected by nohlgheratilhority than tho Judge of a Court, and who may be wholly irresponsible and unlit to exer else tho powers conferred. A provision very much like this Is found In the tenth section, which de clares "That it shall bo lawful for the President of the United States, or such jicrnoH as lie may empower for that pur po.se, to employ such portion of tho land or naval forces of the United States, or of the militia, as hliall bo necesary to prevent tho violation and enforco the duo execution of this net." This Is a general, vague, nnd dangerous power, and might bo prostituted to tho worst of purposes; but what Is particularly oh- servoblois that it may be exercised by any person empowered by the President for that purpose. The person employed may bo nnybody whomsoever, not reg ularly commissioned nor continued by the Senate; In facta female, foreigner, ornegro. Itdocinotrerpilrolegal learn ing to understand that this tenth section I t In violation of tiieConstltutlon, whlcli carefully regulates the power of appoint ment. The ninth section provides foramgra- tory Courts, their places and times of session unfixed by law or rule, but wholly left to Presidential discretion. It declares that it shall be lawful fur the President, "In his discretion, to direct the judge, .Marshal, and District-Attar ney of such district to attend at such place within the district, and for such time as he may designate, for the pur pose of a more speedy arrest anil trial of persons charged witli n violation of the act ;" and tho "Judge or other olllcer" hIiiiII obey tho mandate. We bellevo that never beforo in this country were Courts placed under such Executive control. The Judges of the Circuit Courts who, under thu fourth section, appoint the Commissioners who are to exercise judi cial powers enforcing the act, tiro by the eighth section to fix thu compensation of tho Commissioner's appointees, and the amounts allowed are to be paid from the Treasury of tho United Slates upon their certificates. . Rut there arc provisions to the bill still more grave and objectionable. Ry the third section, in any State where any right under the first section is denied or cannot be enforced, all causes, civil awl criminal, affecting tho persons or race In ipiestton, are to lie brought In or r moved to the Federal Courts. This sweeping nnd portentous increase of Federal Jurisdiction may justly excite apprehension. Rut no account seems to ha vo been taken of the fundamental and revolutionary change which might be produced by it, or which is contenipiat ed by it. All the private litigation and criminal prosecutions, which may con eern millions of persons, are to lie thrown into the Federal Courts, to burthen them with business, and to produce incalcula ble expense to tho United States. This provision is in malignant violation of Constitutional principles, as well as un reasonable, impolitic, and expensive. Rut the second section is the gem of the hill. Its exposition by the President in his veto message, and by Mr. Ring- ham (a Republican member from Ohio) in the House of Representatives, has expo-ed It pretty generally to public no tice. Sulllee It to say that It expo.-es State judges and other olllcers to fine and Imprisonment for construing or enforc ing any law or regulation which nmv bo held to conflict with tho provisions of the act. The idea of punishing a judge by a criminal prosecution for a mis-jiidg- ment or wrong judgment upon a question of law, or tho ofllcers of his Court for executing 1 1 is decision, is monstrous. In plain Knglisli this bill proposes to sub stitute a criminal prosecution for a writ of error. Instead of correcting tho er rors of an inferior Court by an appeal or other proceeding to a superior one, the judge who gives the decision Is to lie lined and imprisoned for his mistake, and the ofllcers wlut execute his process are to be punished also! Rut tho most important question which is to he examined is the question of junrcr in Congress, under the Const! ttition, to enact the hill into a law, and particularly to enact the llrst section. Rytiiat section "All persons horn in the Cnlted Slates, and not subject to any foreign power, excluding Indians not taxed, are declared to be citizens of the United States without distinction of color, and there shall bono discrimina tion in civil rights or Immunities among the inhabitants of nny State or Territory of the United States, on account or race, color, or previous condition of slavery ;" and further, such inhabitants "Shall have t lie same right to make and enforce contracts, to sue, bo parties, stud give evidence, to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal prop erty, and to full and equal bcnellt of all laws and proceedings for the security of personal property, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, and penalties. and to none other, any law, statute, or dinance, regulation, or custom to tho contrary notwithstanding." From whence is derived tho authority to enact this section'.' It cannot bo from tho naturalization clause of the Consti tution. To naturalize means to make a mttice of one who is not, and tho power to do this is completely Illustrated by our naturalization laws, which necessa rily apply to persons of foreign birth, nnd to them alone. The authority giv en to Congress." to pass uniform laws of naturalization," therefore, has no re lation to tlto present question, as fcoino pretend. The argdinent then must turn upon, tlie amendment to tho Constitution abol ishing shivery. Ry that amendment Congress was authorized to enforce emancipation " by appropriate legisla tion." Now appropriate legislation must mean hero such laws as are neces sary to execute and maintain the aboli tion of slavery decreed by the previous clause of tho amendment. The relation of master and slave was to bo broken, and never to be renewed. "Whatever is necessary to this end, and appropriate to its accomplishment, Congress may do in Its legislative capacity ; hut It can do nothing else by virtue of this power. Testing tlieubovo section by tills rtile, It stands unsupported by any arguments or reason which can lie accepted by a Just and reasonable mind. Freedom is not citizenship, and n power to make a man free Is not a pow er to make hint a citizen, a member of thu political body which constitutes the State. A foreigner is a freeman, and yet without any pretence to citlen-hlp, un less ho become naturalized under some law npproiirlatetothepurpo.se. Nor nre Indians citizens, although freemen and born upon our soil. Wo nay then that It Is manifest that iv power to make n negro a freeman, In a particular state, Is nut a power to make him a citizen of the Stato or of the United State-.. It is pimply and only a power to relieve hlni from subjection to the will of another, and such was undoubtedly the object, and the only object) of tho Constitution al Amendment. The amendment means what It says, and doe- not mean some thing el.-e. So much for the citizenship attempted to lie conferred upon emancipated slaves, and all others, of every race and color, bom within tho country (except untax ed Indians). Rut tlie particular "civil rights" conferred upon these new made citizens are equally without warrant in tlie Constitutional Amendment. For Instance, a right " to give evidence" is not a necessary Incident of freedom, nor necessary even to Its enjoyment. To give evidence Is rather a duty than a right, where the law prescribes or per mits It ; the right to hare evidence may be conceived of in a civil rigid, but not the other. Resides, everywhere tlie ml-mi-Muii of witnesses to testify Is author ized bylaws appropriate lo tlie jurisdic tion, and the admission or rejection of a witness lias no elfect upon hU ttutu a a member of the social body. Slaves may bo made witnesses by law, and freemen may be rejected for various rea sons which may appear sullicient to those who enact the laws. An Inlldel may not bo permitted to testify. Is lie, therefore, less a freeman'.' A party In Interest may ho excluded, and various other persons, without impeachment of their position or rights as freemen in thu community. It must then appear too plain for denial, that tlie Congres sional power to enforce emancipation does not involve tlie power to regulate tho laws of evidence in a State, and to determine who shall be admitted as wit nesses in her Courts. Take another" civil right" mentioned in the section under examination ; that of holding and conveying mil estate. This right is withheld from foreigners in many of our States, and in most coun tries of tlie world, upon grounds of pub lic policy. Rut the man would he laugh ed at who should assort that such per sons, incapable of holding real estate, were for tltat reason not freemen. Tho power to enforce the abolition of slavery of negroes does not then extend to endowing them with all the priviieg' es of citizenship in a State, or to confer ring upon them all such civil or political rights as Congress may think tt-elul or convenient to them. We are not here considering what rights they ought to possess, but the question of Congression al power as to conferring rights upon them under tlie Constitutional Amend ment. Many of the rights mentioned In the bill have been conferred upon the freedmen already by legislation in tlie South. Different provisions have been adopted in different States ; but the gen eral tendency is lo remove restrictions and confer upon them such privileges as are necessary and proper to their sit uation and condition. Westippo-.e they will receive and enjoy all the rights which they are fitted to exercise more securely and witli better results from State legislation tliim from ('oiifrro.-.-'luii-al enactments. The States which have accepted emancipation will meet the new condition of things in a proper spir it much more likely in tlie ab-ence of Congressional interference than under Us pressure, and especially unauthorized pressure. Rut our purpose is rather to point out tlie objections to tlie so-called " Civil Right.- Rill," than to enter upon the general question of the treatment of the colored race of the South. And as to that hill (the argument against which might be made much stronger), we think it is most manifest that it is both injudi cious and unconstitutional ; a measure not to lie prai-ed, but condemned; and that it will eventually meet witli that general disfavor which always impends over acts of folly, fanaticism, and vio lence. EXPLANATORY. Tm: conductor of tlie Coi.u.MniAX is a new man among tho people of Colum bia County, but he does not llnd himself engaged in a new vocation. 1 le pursues here the employment which has engag ed him el-ewhere, and which he learned thoroughly in youth ns thu business of his manhood; and in undertaking to de fend tlie principles of Unionism, through an independent press, he engages In no strange or unwelcome work. 1 le found himself voluntarily engaged, in the re cent war, in supporting tlie cause of Un-ioni-m against enemies in the field, and his prolonged service beneath the nation al Hag gave him increased devotion to those principles of unity and constitu tional order upon thosteru maintenance of which against all enemies the future of this great country depends. Tlie man who lights for Union in time of war may well defend It by his pen in times of peace, lie varies the character of his service, hut his object is tlie same. Tlie men who attempted tt. take eleven States out of tlie Union were Justly ob noxious to the chastisement of thosword, and they were smitten by it and sub dued. Their cau-e went down under the opprobrium of mankind. They were trampled upon and crushed by public power, and their rebellion and all its works laid prostrate forever. Herein was shown tho majesty of tlie law ad ministered by public force: and herein, also, was shown that love of Union, of the integrity of our Republic, which in spired, and yet inspires, tho breasts of our people. Rut the great work of restoration Is not yet complete. Tho" bold, bud men" wlui stood up in arms against the I'lilon are defeated ; but men In civil life, who would keep the I'nioii sundered and impotent, and who would Intrude upon the policy of the (fovernmeiit dNuu ioulsiu in new forms, yet "strut their brief hour upon tlie stage, and play fan tastic tricks," to the injury and humili ation of the nation. They tulle about dead Plates, as If the war had been elll cacioiH only to destroy, and not to save. They hold the President of tho United States to have been an alien enemy, when elected, because ho was a citizen of Tennessee. Though ho came to hl high olllce, on the assassination of Mr. hlncoln, by virtue of tho voles given him by the American people, as their Vice-President) he N, forsooth, from n foreign or conquered country, which has no existence as a Stale 111 tlie Union, and whose loyal sons, who, timid Iho and blood, upheld our cause In the darkest hours of the war, are lo be considered as subject captives, that hold their llvoi and properly, and all their rights, sub ject to the pleasure of a conquering power. Against all these doctrines of disiin lonlsni we protest, anil shall resist them to the utmost of our power. NOT ENOUGH REDUCTION. Tin: amended Revenue Rill intuit last emerged from the Committee of Ways and Means, and gone before the House of Representatives and the country, hut too late to have any oirect upon the col lection of the taxes for lK(if). Oppres sive and crushing as the existing taxes are, we must bear their load foriinothcr year, instead of receiving from theCiov ernnient that relief for wlilch we had a right to look. We at length know what the Ways and Means propose. What Congress may choose to make out of the bill remains to be seen. The considera tion of tlie question lias not yet begun, and when it shall there is no guessing where It may end. We embrace the present occasion, therefore, of saying that, in our Judgment, while the priuci iples upon which the bill was framed seem fair, the committee lias hardly gone as far as It might Judiciously have done in reducing our enormous load of domestic taxation. 1 1 does not seem to have been borne In mind by tho members of the com mittee that tlie State and local au thorities have, during the progress of the civil war, become heavily embar rassed with loads of debt caused by pul ing bounties to volunteers to till their quotas of troops under the conscription law, and by maintaining the families of soldiers during their absence in service In New York State these debts reach an aggregate of about eighty-live millions. nnd everywhere in tho loyal States they are enormous, and the peoplo have to bear the burden of tho taxes to pay inter est on these debts In addition to tlie na tional taxation. Tlie great duties of government are so largely devolved upon Slates and local authorities, by the frame-work of our institutions, as in the nature of things to render it unavoida ble that our State and local revenues should be well sustained in order to preserve order, enforce the laws, foster improvements, etc. In the large cities we see this 11 Iustratcd very Circibiy, but it would be a serious mistake to suppose Unit the rural districts are in anywise free from these embarrassments. Their burdens are quite heavy, and thus, between tlie national, theState, and the local authori ties, the taxpayers are about as badly borne down by taxation as any part of Knglund ever was, notwithstanding that we have traditionally regarded Knglund us peculiarly the laud of taxes. When we recollect that till these various taxes pass into the rents of property, tlie prices uf provisions, tlie values of goods and (he wages for all kinds of toil, it will lie seen that it is noiisen-e to talk of reducing the inllation by tlie mere reduction of the paper currency. The great evil is excessive taxation, and of that it is our duly to try to rid tlie coun try tis far as possible. To President Johnson we are mainly indebted for that great blessing, the (lishaiidmenl of an Immense army, and the discharge of the vast swarms of mili tary employes rendered necessary bv the civil war. It remains now for Con gress to do its part of the work by re ducing our taxation from a war stand ard to that of peace; and however much we may approve of the tax bill as re ported, we may as well say frankly that we approve of it only as a beginnin and because we expect much more to come In the way of a relief of tho pco pie from these enormous taxes. Of coitrso we do not disguise from ourselves tlie fact that the necessities of tlie National (iovcrnmentarelargrealer now than they were before tlie war. Rut we do not perceive any necessity for tlie Secretary of tho Treasury increasing them by maintaining such a ruinous form of loan as the compound interest notes, or by funding tho national green back currency which now bears no in terest, and so adding some twenty-fivo millions annually to our burden. For this sort of work we do not believe that the loyal peoplo of this nation are con tent lo go on paying such enormous taxes, and submitting lo Mich an odious ind Inquisitorial system as that umler which we now labor. We aro glad to notice that the Secretary Is beginning to appreciate this common sense philos' ophy, and shows the fact by putting a top to the useless and burdensome ar rangenient yclept " temporary loan," whereby tho (iovernnient pa HI interest on tho deposits of compound interest notes and other forms of its own issues, and was unable to muko use of a consid enihle fraction of it because it must ho held ready to meet demands. It has been demonstrated, beyond tho shadow of a doubt, that the Uoverninent stands In no need of an Increaso of our debt, and that it can allbrd to reduce the taxation largely. Wo trust that It will do so In such a manner as to rid us somewhat of tlie swarms of employes rendered necessary by the present sys tem of assessment and collection, the t llect of which Is lo devour a large part of tho taxes to pay expense of levying. So far as wo can perceive, the present bill will not ullord this reduction, nor will there be nny material relief in that respect so long as tlie income tax is re tained. It N the assessment of that which affords the chief excuse for the employment of this herd of olllclals. Candor requires that wo should bay, also, that wo do not bellevo the tux-rid-den people of the loyal States are will ing to have their burdens continued In older to carry Into effect such schemes ai Congicas now has beforo it, in bills, to squander nearly three hundred more millions in bounties lo soldiers, ami about as much more to pay war clalina. So long as the nioney (teems to bo so abundant, we may expect demagogues in Congn.HS to be profuse lu voting It away. If we want to .slop Ihls noi't of extravagance we must reduce the taxes far more largely than the pending bill proposes. We have done about enough for railroads, bounties, war expenditure", canals, and all those things. It is now time to help the tax-payers, and in their name we demand a much larger reditC'1 tion than lite committee has proposed. So long as the Income tax remains In force all other reductions will eeem pet' ty lit comparison, for this Is Immeasura bly the most Inquisitive, tlie mo-il un just, the most co-lly to assess and collect of all the war taxes. It litis no business among the burdens of peace, being in Us character essentially an extraordlnn' ry war measure. It 'should cease with the necessities of the war which created it, and nothing short of its total aboli tion will ever cause n cessation of pop ular clamor on tho subject. Knglish ciitlcs favorable to our country and its institutions hold up their hands in as tonishment at the tremendous burdens of taxation we are now bearing; and the London J&onamht, after quoting the schedules of the new hill, gives vent to its surprise that the committee has moved so timidly. In the very worst of Kngland'si days of taxation no such stun of revenue ever was collected there ivs we go on idling up annually here. The loyal and patriotic feeling created by tlie war was so great that the people were ready to endure tiny burdens re quired by the, emergency ; and this sen timent still has so much force that we llnd the community passively awaiting a reduction of taxes, without giving shape to its real wishes In the matter, while members of Congress Mint their eyes to this fact, and propose to enact laws which will largely augment our national debt, and absolutely render it impossible to reduce taxes. It seems to us to bo time that this subject was ven tilated thoroughly. The peoplo must make their wishes known to those who have the power to relieve them. It is worth remembering that, as the revenue arrangements now stand, the great burdens of taxation fall upon tlie Middle and New Knglund States, while tho South, tho Far West, and the Pacific States do not even pay the expenses of the Uoverninent service in their respec tive sections. 1 n whatever direction wo look, we have got to pay tho piper. The agricultural sections pay no adequate share of tlie taxes, while they require the major part of the (iovernnient out lay. The present system, therefore, falls most severely upon all of our peculiar i i i teres Is. Nurth Am vrhaa . With the present week came tho first copy of the Columbian, a paper recently established in Rloomsburg, Columbia County. Having read it cirefullywe feel dis posed to comment on its appearance and its platform. In mechanical execution it is superior to anything wo have seen in tlto way of a country paper, and pre sents an exceedingly readable appear ance. In politics it is intensely Union, regardless of party 'id for this appa rent rea.-on is unju. dy denounced liy both party organs of the county. In this respect, however, it holds a position similar to lite Administration at present, and the fact ofit being thus denounced i.)y both parties is one of the surest indica tions of its occupying a position which is agreeable to the moderate and think ing men of both parties. Let its rosol vo be strengthened to maintain tho Presi dent in his policy, and to stand by tlie Union undertheCoiistitution, believing that it will meet with a hearty support among the best men of Columbia and adjoining counties. President Johnson stands to-day a sheet-anchor between the disunion Republicans of tho North and tlie conquered disuniouists of the South, around whom men who aro now more deeply interested in the restoration of tho Union than in tho advancement of party can rally irrespective of creed. Let us, fellow citizens, support the Pres ident in his policy, and support the pa per which gives htm succor. Another coinmendublo feature- in tho paper is its determination not to in dulge in the vilest of slang In speaking of Its political and personal opponents: this does not preclude the right or hand ling its opponents in u severe hut gentle manly manner. This is certainly a man ly and intelligent manner of defending one's political position. The paper is calculated to please and to prove instruc tive, and cutting loose from party spirit, westipposo it will not continually annoy its readers with tho petty troubles of politics. Ashlttiul Adrocute. Tin: Coi.umiuak. This is tho tillo of a new paper just started at Rlooms burg, tlto llrat number of which is upon our table. It is published by Georgo II. Moore, and Is an earnest supporter or tho Administration of President John son. Wo certainly wish all such Jour nals success. We make the following extract from the salutatory of the editor: iho ihltontiiitii Is Intended to ho pre eminently u Journal of Unionism, to sup port an principles uiul measures of poli cy which look to tho 'consolidation of tho Union,' tho object announced by Oeneiiil Washington us thoprlnciploono had In view hi favoring tlie Constitution of tho United Slates. To Ibis endsupjiort must be given to those men in publics station who represent and uphold Union principles and a Union policy. Thoy must bo supported, their hands upheld, llieir hearts clieeretl by words of approv al and encouragement. Andontlioother baud, public men who oiiposo tho unity and harmony of the country, and who would keep alive sectional or partisan hatred to tho injury and detriment of the people of tho United States, aro to bo denounced and opposed." The Cvlumlilun Is claimed as rt Repub lican paper, but It Is on tho truo Demo cratic truck, and wo hopo It will eon tlnuo in well-doing. Wo hop'o it will prosper. 'Scrunton llctihtcr.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers