3Mfovd sJtnjuiw. BEDFORD PA., FRIDAY, SOY, 3, 1865. TOADYIS.II,—DEMOCRATIC: SYCO PHANCY. The Democratic party, worse than the tory party of England, seems determined to set itself sternly against every progressive movement or idea, without regard to its nature, whether it be intellectual, moral, physical or political, its bitter opposition is all the same. This peculiar characteristic of that party was demonstrated by ignoring absolute facts and the stern logic of events, in its most absurd form by the obstinate re fusal to pass the Constitutional amendment in those States, which it controlled. It is being demonstrated now by the most disgus ting toadyism toward the leading rebels, whether pardoned or unpardoned. They poured out their lamentations in the most lugubrious of joreiniades while the war was in progress, because they could not as of old bow the knee to Southern slave drivers and receive small pensions, of such offices as were not considered desirable by their Southern lords, for doing their dirty work. Now that they once more have an opportu nity of displaying their abject servility, they have set about it with an energy worthy a better cause, and seem anxious to make up for the lost time. They have not yet, ami likely never will, perceive that their miserable fawning, engendered the proud overbearing spirit in the South, that carried it into re bellion, but set themselves to do their old works over without regard to consequences, and that with a blindness and determined ignoring of facts and experiences that puts to blush the more sensible- of the rebels themselves. They worship slavery and all its concomitants as of old; its chief advocate Jeff. Davis has long ago been canonized, while in the late rebel chieftain Lee they see all the attributes that go to make up the ideal gentleman and immaculate christian soldier. They parade his new oath of alle giance as if they had forgotten his late per jury and publish ceremonies of his late in stallation of President of Washington college with a minuteness that must of itself put to blush the pardoned traitor if he has a spark of manhood left, in his bosom. Inca pable of an original idea, they either hunt up the mouldy record of the dead past and endeavor to resurrect some doctrine long since consigned to oblivion, an attempt with feeble efforts to bolster up and carry along in the march of the grand and progressive present the effete carcass of a defunct party. Their efforts now to resurrect the organiza tion of what was once a proud and honora ble party, but which by the treason of its leaders and the defection of its honest men has been left a disgusting mass of all that is vile and despicable, are by no means flatter ing in their prospects. The repentant reb els who have been pardoned by the Presi dent, are far in advanciof these would parasites. They have learned many things in the school of adversity of which they never dreamed in the days of their unhum bled pride. And while their once servile worshippers, too blind to see, too stupid to learn and too stubborn to yield to the pro gressive spirit of the age, are once more ply ing their disgusting adulation as of old, they accept the changed condition in which they find themselves to work like men, to not only repair the damage they have done but to make up tor past delinquencies by devo ting all their energies to the development of the resources ot the country so long par alyzed by a blind pc'icy. This is most strik ingly indicated in the letter of Reagan to the people of Texas. These indications should suffice to open the eyes of the would be leaders of a defunct party, to the fact that by the neglect of its opportunities, the perversion of its powers, and the abuse of its privileges the party has committed polit ical suicide and is now dead beyond redemp tion. THE RUSSELL-ADAMS CORRE- j BPONDENCE. Quite a number of sensation journals pro fess to see a speck of war in the correspon dence between our Minister at the court of St. James, and Earl Russell. To such as feci any nervousness at the prospect of an other war we would say, there is not the slightest cause of fear. A war with Eng land at present is about as improbable as anything in the range of possibility can be. In the first place our own people are as little desirous of war as is consistent with our national honor. Our position and strength, as just demonstrated in the rebellion, are such as to secure us our rights and the re spect of all civilized nations. England knows this as well as we do, and though she may bluster and endeavor to evade or delay she will not risk a war for all the just de mands that we may make upon her, and none but just ones will be made. England also knows too well the amount of danger she would sustain in case of a war with us. The example of the destruction of our own commerce by a few privateers is too striking a warning to England of what she would be likely to experience in a similar case. Be sides our patronage is too valuable to Eng lish manufactures to permit it to be lost for the sake of a few paltry millions, and a prin ciple, which, if carried out, would virtually result to England's own detriment in any future war. Her extraordinary fright at the Fenian demonstrations evinces the insecurity she feels even now. But the destruction of our own commerce is no criterion of the extent of the injury that would accrue to England in a similar case. We had many indirect advantages which went far toward balancing our losses. In proportion as our commerce was injured and our communica tion cut off, importations were checked and our home mauufactures were built up. The capital taken from commercial interest was turned to the development of resources. This would be utterly impossi ble to England. Her interests are abroad, her commerce is at once her wealth and strength. A war with us would at once de prive her of her best customer and destroy her commerce, while it would still further hold up and strengthen our manufacturing and mining interests and internal commerce, that the United States would cease forever to be a customer of British manufacturers, and instead become their most formidable rival in foreign countries. These facts are as obvious to British Statesmen as to ours, and indicate too clearly for them to disre gard, that a war with us would be the end of British commercial supremacy, and the speediest way ■of reducing Britain to the status of a second rate power. With such a view of the case, we feel justified in assur ing our readers that of all things possible, a war with England at the present moment is the least probable. Ol'R COMMON SCHOOL LAWS. Their Inconsistency—A Reform Needed. While the enlightened statesmen who en acted our common school laws saw the pro priety of making the rich man assist in edu cating the son of his poorer neighbor, thereby promoting the welfare of the rich and poor alike by an increased intelligence, they strangely overlooked the necessity ot making the richer sections of the state assist the poorer in educating their people. The same principle applies in both, but the ad vantages which would flow from the adoption of the latter are as much.greater than those derived from the former as the state is great er than a county or a county is greater than a township. The advantages will he of a two-fold character, first such a system alone can give our school system the efficiency it was designed to have, in diffusing general intelligence, and second it will by proper ap plication not only equalize taxation but les son the expense. Under our present sys tem there are an almost innumerable num ber of assessors and collectors and the rates oiF taxation and diversity of management are the greatest possible. If the rate of taxation were equalized and the state and school tax collected together, it would be with much less expense to the school fund and the amount thereby saved would go far toward balancing the increased weight of taxation on the richer sections of the State. A FORMIDABLE GHOST. Wendell Phillips says: "The Republican party does not exist. There is a specter walking over the country in its shroud, but there is no such party." " Wendell is right. Gazette Oct. 27. Wendell may be right sometimes, butit is a notorious fact that he is often wrong, and was never more so than in the present case. But Ihe Gazette seems to view all Phillips' opinions, as it were through a camera which invariably get things upside down, so that it is constantly making right, wrong, taking facts for myths and changing the real into the ghostlike, as in this case. Now we nev er did believe in ghosts, but we very well know that those who do, are very apt to mistake the real and material, for the weird and ghastly. We also know that they are apt to get badly frightened by the imaginary ghost and the result is that the believer not unfrequently gets crazed or dies outright from his fright. Now our diagnosis of this case is, Wendell Phillips always has been a monomaniac; the Gazette has certainly been frightened out of its wits, and the Demo, eratic party about out of its existence, not by the ghost of the Republican party, but by the living acting, moving reality, which Democratic fear had shaped into all manner of ghostlike hobgoblin forms. If any one doubts the mateaial existence of the Repub l'can party, he can inquire in Pennsylvania, Ohio, lowa, Vermont, California, Maine, <fco., and the Gazette might be edified by in quiring in Cumberland Valley. FOOTSTEPS IN OVR CAREER OF PROGRESS. Whatever differences there may have been on other questions, President Johnson and the Union party have always agreed upon the following important points: that the constitutional amendment must be ratified by the returning States and slavery thereby forever abolished; that the act of secession must not only be repealed but declared null and void. That the rebel debt must be re pudiated ; That they shall enact such laws as will put all their citizens upon an equality before the laws and secure every man, white or black,in all his rights of person and prop erty and redress for ail his wrongs. And lastly, Andrew Johnson has said that as a private citizen he would advocate a gradual enfranchisement of the negroes; that he has no power to delegate such privilege to them but that Congress can control thosa States until they come up to these requirements. DON'T MIX WELL. The Democracy went to the polls with "This is the white man's Country," "Pres ident Johnson and the Democratic ticket." On the same day Johnson was saying to the colored soldiers in Washington, "This is your country as well as any body else's coun try." A slight difference! Can't the De mocracy explain. THE GUBERNATORIAL CANDI DATES. The last number of the Chambersburg Repository contains a letter from "Harace." its Harrisburg coi respondent, who enumer ates the different old and new candidates for Governor in this wise : Naturally enough the overwhelming Union victory just achieved has brought out a large crop of candidates for Governor. Gen. Morehead, of Allegheny, Col. Jordan, of Bedford, Gen. Geary and Hon. J no. Covode of Westmorland, Hon. W. W. Ketchem, of Luzerne, have been known candidates for some months, and the established supremacy of the Union party will make their friends I increase their energies. In addition to these I hear the r.ames of Hon. Thos. M. Howe and Hon. Jno. Penny, of Allegheny, General Lemuel Todd, of Cumberland, Mayor M'- Michael, of Philadelphia, Gen. Hartranft, and Gen. Hancock, of Montgomery, Hon. G. A. Grow, of Susquehanna, SenatorLow ery, of Erie, Hon Geo. V. Lawrence, of Washington, Hon. John. Cessna of Bedford and others whose names I do not now recall. The name of the chief editor of the Reposi tory has also been pretty freely used in con nection with the nomination: but as his own columns peremptory decline him, I presume that I am bound to obey and strike his name from the list. Of the new names suggested that of Mr. Cessna has the most vitality, and it is probable that there will be a power ful concentration in his favor. He has made a most gallant fight for the country since the day the war was commenced, and has never blotted his record by faltering under any circumstances; and the consummate skill and energy with which he won victory for the party in the late contest, gives him a prestige that courses to fortune with a strong tide. If a military man must be taken, Gen. Hancock would doubtless bear off the prize if he is willing to accept it; but a brevet Maj. General in the regular army would hesitate long before exchanging a life office in the line of his profession anci in which he had won all his fame fer the uncertain for tunes of political life. It will be seen by this enumeration that two distinguished citizens of Bedford coun ty are named for this prominent position. It is truly gratifying to u to know that the loading men of our County are so highly appreciated by the State at large. And whatever the people determine to do in re gard to these rciy worthy and able gentle men will meet with our earnest approval, aud the successful one will receive our ar dent supi>ort during the canvass which is to follow. HON. JOHN CESSNA. Tho Republican canvass which closed a few weeks ago with a brilliant victory of 25,(W0, has brought out many warm and just tributes to our townsman, Hon. John Ces sna, for the masterly manner in which he conducted the campaign. We are free to say that no man in Pennsylvania is better constituted for this position than Mr. Ces sna, his energy, his untiring exertions, bis tact, all combine to make him a most form idable political leader. We copy the follow ing capital tribute from the York Republi can : No word of commendation is too emphatic to express the obligations of the Union par ty of Pennsylvania to this gentleman, who acted as Chairman of its State Committee during its recent canvass. Active, able, en ergetic, indefatigable, with equal tact and talent, he assumed a task of special difficul ty, and accomplished a magnificent success. The times were very unpropitious—the pub lic spirit was languid—there was no percep tible ground-swell of public interest to buoy up the efforts of the organizing head in the ftolitieal contest. It is comparatively easy work to carry a party through a canvass where popular feeling is aroused and willing hands tender their most active services to help on the cause. But when General Ap athy or Indifference is in command, then, to use the pet quotation of an eccentric friend, hie labor, hoe opus est. No one knows the power of the vis inertia: until he js brought into contact with it, under such circumstan ces. Mr. Cessna encountered the lazy giant, and conquered him. His hand was felt ev ery where in the canvass, lie spared nei ther time, trouble nor labor from the work. His voice and pen were unceasingly at work, and his success is such as to cover him with the laurels of a well-earned victory. Wo notice that he was serenaded in Philadel- Ehia last Saturday evening in recognition of is valuable services. He deserves a far better tribute to his honor, who never yield ed to party what was due his country, and pursued the honorable path of patriotism defying the slanders and calumnies of cop psrheads and traitors. Again we clip from the Lewistovm Ga, zette : To no man in Pennsylvania does the Union party owe so much for our late glori ous victory over treason and its sympathi sers, than to Hon. John Cessna, the able, talented and efficient Chairman of the Union State Central Committee. He was untiring in his effort®, both with his voice and his pen, throughout the campaign. In Bed ford, his own county, the Union gain, in a great measure through his individual exer tions, in quite a full vote is over 500. Mr. Cessna was formerly one of the great lights ol the Democratic party of Pennsylvania, but like President Johnson. Edwin M. Stan ton. Daniel E. Dickinson, Generals Grant and Sherman, and others, when it joined with the friends of the Rebellion to break down this glorious fabric of Free Govern ment, and rear in its stead a great Slave holders' Confederacy, he left it. No man in the State is hated more by the Copper head Democracy, on account of the heavy blows he has given that treasonable organi zation. but their malignity will not amount to much as the tangs have been extracted from the reptile. Mr. Cessna is yet in the prime of life, and Pennsylvania is proud of nim, and will honor him if his life be spared a little longer. CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS. Hon. John Cessna, Chairman of the Union istate Committee, has issued the following congratulatory address to the Union men of the State : Another political contest has been deter mined by the freeman of Pennsylvania. The Union cause has again triumphed at the ballot-box. Official returns have been re ceived from sixty-two counties of the sixty six in the State. Of these, fifty-four show gains for the Union cause over the vote in 1862. The agregate gains over all losses are nearly twenty five thousand. This will give to oui candidates on the home rote alone majorities exceeding that given by army and home vote to our late lamented Presi dent, Abraham Lincoln. Of the seven Union Senators whose terms of office expir ed, we have not lost one. The home vote has gained us one from the opposition in Luzerne, and the army vote will gain us an other in Franklin and Adams. In the lower House we have retained all of our sixty three members of last session. The home vote has added three to this number, and the army vote will give us one more. The Senate will stand twenty-one to twelve, and the House sixty-seven to thirty-three, thus giving us a majority of forty-three on joint ballot For the.ie results, so gratifying to the friends of our cause in Pennsylvania, and to all patriots throughout the nation, we are deeply indebted to the returned soldiers of the late Union army, who have taught their friends and their foes that they know as well how to vote intelligently for the cause of the country as they know how to fight bravely and heroically for the same cause. Much praise is due to the press of the Union party throughout the State for its patriotic efforts in the good work. To the secretaries of the State Central Committee, Messrs. Hamersly and Benedict, the loyal men of Pennsylvania are under lasting obligations. Upon them devolved arduous and responsible duties. Many of their labors are not witnessed or even known to the public. They labored assiduously by day and by night for the success of the Union cause, to which they are both most devotedly attached. Every member of the State Central Com mittee performed Well his part and co-oper ated cheerfully and cordially with the chair man in promoting the success of the Union ticket. To the chairman of the several county committees, and the members of those committees, it is conceded that much of the credit of our triumph belongs. To all the true and faithful men of the State, who so effectually discharged their duties, and made our triumph easy as well as over whelming, our most earnest and hearty thanks are extended. The defeat of our opponents is thorough and disastrous. To them it was unexpect ed, although well merited. Having oppos ed the war so happily and so gloriously ter minated, they changed their policy, nomi nated officers, and assumed to be the espe cial friends of the soldiers. They were con fident and defiant. When we were silent, they clamorously and imperiously demanded our views. When we spoke they charged that it was "puerile invective." They told their followers "that we were endeavoring to turn their flanks," and called lustily upon them "to pierce our centre." Some of them retired with both flanks turned and their centre pierced. The balance were made prisoners. Last year they assured their followers thar the election had been carried at the point of the bayonet; that military rule had interfered with the freedom of the election, and that our country was fast verging to wards a military despotism. That shallow pretext cannot avail them now. Supporting soldiers, they became the champions of deserters and refugees from the draft. To rally their desponding and disheartened forces they proclaimed that our President, had become a convert to their views. They well knew the opinions of those who had elected him, and the principles of the platform upon which he stood. Yet they would gladly have induced him to abandon his friends and his principles in order that they might be restored t. power. The spirit of secession and State sovereignty had assassinated one President witbin the last six months, and was striving to demoralize and steal anothei. The ex periment failed. The effort to make it has been tsrribly rebuked by the people, and the result is the complete demoralization and overthrow of those who dared to misrepre sent our Chief Magistrate in order to pro mote the success of their sinking cause. The oft-repeated and well established truth of history has again been vindicated. No man, in any country, can take sides against his Government when engaged in war, whether foreign or domestic, and re tain the confidence and respect of his fellow citizens after the termination of that war. And such is the unavoidable fate of parties. Either the party which antagonize the Gov ernment during the war must go down or the nation must perish. Our nation is too young to die. Those who opposed our arm ies on the field of battle have been defeated. The party whose leaders opposed the prose cution of our war for national existence has been beaten at the ballot box. Our people have just given another of the highest proofs of the fact that '"man is capable of self-gov ernment." The people at the ballot box have declared their adherence to the princi ples which were made triumphant by the skill and bravery officers, sol diers and seamen amid the storm of battle. Let all good Union men continue te be faith ful and true to the cause of their country, and all will be well. The nation, purified by the fiery ordeal through which it has lately passed, will start upon a new era of progress. The enemies of free government will everywhere resncct and fear our great ness and power, ana the down trodden and oppressed of every clime will seek and find an asylum in our midst. JOHN CESSNA, Chairman Union State Central Committee. THE ADAMS-RUSSEI, CORRESPOND ÜBNCE. It would take up nearly the whole space of the CHRONICLE to publish this volumin ous correspondence. We shall merely glance at its marked features. Leaving aside the letters which began on the seventh of April last and ended on the twentieth ot May, we come to the renewal of the correspondence beginning with Karl Mussel's letter dated August thirtieth. The British Foreign Sec retary describes the formidable nature of the rebellion, alludes to its machinery of civil government, its armies, fortifications, the extent of territory claimed by it, aud the number of people represented by it, and justifies the proclamation of the neu trality in view of these facts. Coming to the question as to whether a fair neutrality had been preserved, he claims that the for eign Enlistment act which is intended in aid of the duties and rights of a neutral na tion, can only be applied when a ship is armed or fitted out, or begun to be armed or fitted out, and even that case when proof can be obtained that the shin so armed or equipped, or begun to be armed or equipped, is intended for the service of a power at war with a friend or ally of the British Govern ment. In the case of "the Oreto he denies that the proof would warrant a detention. In the case of the Alabama he alleges that the owners of the vessel sent her off just as the British tioverriinent was about to seize the ship. He denies substantially that his Government could seize an unarmed vessel on vague suspicion. On the subject of recognizing the rebels as belligerents, Earl RVSSKL refers to A merican precedents and claims that recogni tions by the United States of belligerent rights belonging to immgcina have been frequent; Buenos Ayres, Columbia, Mexi co nave been acknowledged by the United States to have belligerent rights against Spain; Brazil and Artigas against Portugal; Texas against Mexico. The noble Earl adds: "But in no case have these insurgent forces sprung up at once fully armed to the amount of 5,000,1X10 of men." He proceeds at length to discuss the complaints made by Portugal during the war of South Ameri can independence concerning the captures by American vessels of war built in the Uni ted States, which bad not been seized and condemned in our ports, and claims that we declined a Commission of Adjudication, and. in fact, made no reparation. He then puts the following case ; But as to the principle involved, let me ask you. supposing a merchant, or passenger vessel belonging to the United States were to go to the coast of Madagascar, and were there to meet a ship from Boston with cannon and muskets, and the merchant ship being then armed were to take a part against Bra zil in the war between Brazil and Paraguay —let me ask, I say, whether your Govern ment would think themselves bound to af ford reparation to Brazil for all the captures made by that ship? Yet such is the case of the Shenandoah. It seems to her Majesty's government that if the liability of neutral nations were stretched thus far, this pretension, new to the law of nations, would be most burthen some, and, indeed, most dangerous. A maratime nation whose j>eople occupy themselves in constructing ships and cannon and arms, might be maoe responsible for the whole damages of a war in which that nation had taken no part. I am thankful, therefore, to Mr. ADAMS for having in 1818, 1820. and 1822, shiel ded maritime powers by his conclusive argument from such alarming liabilities. The Earl finally agrees to consent to the appointment of a commission, to which will be referred all claims arising during the late civil war, which the two powers shall agree to refer to the commissioners, and winds up with the usual diplomatic humbug about the friendship of the two nations. Mr. AD AMS' reply was sent on th 18th of last month. A part of it is devoted to the pre cipitancy of the Briti.-h Government in granting belligerent rights. Our revolution of 1774 is referred to, for the purpose of showing how long a lapse of time occurred, before belligerent rights were granted. Re ferring to the course pursued by France in that period, Mr. ADAMS most pungently ob serves: "So far from being inclined, as your lord ship supposed it might have been, to give aid to the insurrection, which since 1774 had been developing its great proportions by any recognition of it as a belligerent, the French Sovereign frankly responded to an appeal made by Great Britain by interdicting his people from all relations whutever with the Americans. In other words, the example shows that on both sides there was not the remotest conception that a recognition of in surgents as a belligerent, immediately upon the breaking out of the insurrection could be considered as a justifiable act on the part of a friendly power. Mr. ADAMS suggests the case of the overthrow of the kingdom of Naples, by General GARIBALDI, and shows how pricip itate it would have been at the outset of that movement for a foreign nation to have recognized in advance a handful of followers under the leadership of General GARABAL di as a belligerent power. He warns Karl RUSSELL that if the English example is to prevail, a new era in the relation* of neutrals to belligerents on the high teste u ill open, and that Floridas, Alabamas and Shenandoahs, will appear in every sea. He declines au thority to accept the proposed commission, but refers the proposition to his Govern ment We cannot candidly say that we con sider the reply of Mr. ADAMS as evincing much ability. Perhaps the most decided and suggestive passages In the entire letter are the following. Uur space will not per rnit us to publish more of this voluminous correspondence. Mr. ADAMS says: For if it be once established as a princi ple of the international code that a neutral Power is the sole judge of the degree to which it has been done its duty under a code of its own making, for the prevention of gross and flagrant outrages, initiated in its own ports by the agents of one belligerent in co-operation with numbers of its own sub jects, and perpetrated upon the commerce of the other on the high seas; if it be con ceded that the neutral, upon reclamation made for the injuries thus done by reason of the manifest inefficiency of its means of re pression, which it has at all times the pow er to improve at will, can deliberately de cline to respond to any such appeal, fall back on the little it has attempted as as ex cuse, and thenceforward claim with justice to be released from the inevitable conse quence that must ensue from its inaction, tneu it must surely follow that the only competition between neutral Powers hereaf ter will be, not which shall do the most, but which shall do the least to fullfil its obliga tions of interdiction of the industry and en terprise of its people in promoting the con flicts that take place between belligerents on the ocean. If this be once recognized as good law through the authority which the powerful influence of her Majesty's gov ernment can attach to it, I dare not venture to foresee how much reluctance there may be on the part of the people whom I have the honor to represent, to accept an act upon it. Hitherto a want of eagerness on the part of the most adventurous and least scrupulous portion of them to promote en terprise on behalf of any bolligoront that promised personal advantage cannot he charged upon them. The references made by your lordship to the cases of Spain and Portugal must have convinced you of this truth. The prospect of impunity in such enterprises is all that is needed. Further than this, I might only venture to suggest to your lordship to consider which of the nations of the world presents on every sea around the globe the most tempting prizes, in an event no friend would more deplore than myself, of its being again, as it has so often been heretofore, doomed to be afflicted by the calamities of a war.— Wash. (Jhron. The War in Mexico.—Capture of Mata moms by Juarez.—The Recent Impe rial Decree.—The Trial of Jeff" Davis Death ofllon. Matter A. forward, &c. NEW YORK, October 27. —A special to the lit raid, dated Washington, October 26, says : Senor Romeo, the Mexican Minister to the United States, is in receipt of dis patches this evening which anticipate the capture of Matauioras, and the entire occu pancy of the State of Lamarclipes, by the liberal forces under Juarez. '1 here can be no doubt of important movements having been on foot to that end for weeks past, and of their having reached a poiut of reasona ble success. These accounts are understood to have corroporation in official dispatches received to day by the Government, although the actual occupation of Matauioras by the liberals has not been announced or confirmed Important disclosures, relating to the re cent Imperial decree establishing the new express company, are likely to be made within a few davs. and will fully show up the animus of the late Philadelphia dispat ches, declaring the Liberal cause hopeless, and Maximilians government firmly fastened on the people of Mexico. Several gentle men are implicated who have hitherto held official and confidential relations with Mr. Lincoln's administration. It is now positively known here that the trial of Jeff Davis has been decided upon, ami the arrangements have been nearly com pleted. The trial will be for the crime of treason, and will take place either in this city or Richmond, and before the United States Supreme Court. The counsel for the government have been selected by the Attor ney General, and the friends of Mr. Davis have selected and retained counsel for liiui. Now that the Wirz trial is completed, it is supposed that the trial of Davis will imme diately follow. I t is said that the Secretary of the Navy has directed that all the available steam ves sels of war shall immediately be got ready for sea. It is supposed that it is the inten tion of the Government to be fully prepared for any eventuality in any quarter of the world. The Naval Court Martial, with Vice Ad miral Farragut as President, to convene in Washington on the Ist of November, will have before it Lieutenant Colonel Marsten. the oldest officer with one exception in the Marine Corps, on the charge of using for private purposes, and losing bounty money deposited in liis hands for new recruits. The Court will also try Commodore Cra ven under the tenth section of the third arti cle of war, which requires all officers to do their utmost to overtake and capture or des troy any vessol which it is his duty to en counter. He is charged with neglecting this. The rebel rani Stonewall having been in the harbor of Ferrol, while he was in proximity as conmiauder of the Niagara, and the Sacramento, another ship of war being in port at the same time t® aid him. It is said the Stonewall sent him a challenge, which he declined to accept. Mr. Duncan, State Agent for Georgia, is on his return home from New York, and has succeeded in negotiating a loan of one hun dred thousand dollars, for one year, at 7 per cent, on the faith of the Provisional State Government of Georgia. Ex-Governor Neil S. Brown, of Texas, was pardoned to day by the President. E. Rollins, of New Hampshire, and D. C. Whitman, of New Jersey, were to-day commissioned Commissioner and Assistant Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The Herald has an interesting statement relating to the new Mexican loan for thirty million dollars which was placed in this mar ket on Monday last, and also a represen tation the bonds of the denomination of five hundred dollars. Already the demand for these bonds is very great, applications pour ing in from hanks and individuals in differ ent parts of the country, as well as in the metropolis, accompanied by warm express ions of sympathy for the cause which the loan is intended to subserve. Gen. Augustine Dcrtueblue, the oldest son of the first Emperor of Mexico, is now in the city. He has been offered rank and emoluments by Maximilian, but has declined them. Henry S. Foote ltclusesto take the Oath of Allegiance. New York, Oct 28. This morning in the United States Court, before Judge Mason, the Hon. Daniel S. Dickinson, United States District Attorney, moved the Court that Henry S. Foote, Ex member of the defunct confederate Con gress, be admitted to the bar as counselor of the Supreme Court of the United States. The motion was granted, and Mr. Foote stepped up to the clerk's desk to take the ouths. The first oath, to support the Con stitution of the United States and of the State of New York,, he took without win cing, hut the oath of allegiance was too stiff for him. After listening attentively to its striugent requirements, Mr. Foote de clared his connection with the late rebel gov ernment rendered it impossible that he should subscribe to such au oath, and left the coHrt room. European Christain Commission. —Europe is to have a Christain Commission. A de cree, signed last year at the international convention at Geneva, relative to the woun ded in battle, nationalizes hospitals and all connected with the care of the wounded of whatever nation, belligerent or not, and rec ognizes the one flag and badge for universal acceptance and protection, a red cross on a white field. This important, decree is owing to the efforts of a Swiss Christian who wit nessed the unalieviated horrors of Solferino. RATIONAL THANKSGIVING HAY. Proclamation of the President, Appoint ing December 7th. By the President of the United States, A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS, it has pleased Almighty God during the year which is now coming to an end, to relieve our beloved country front the fearful scourge of ci vil war, and to permit us to secure the blessings of peace, unity and harmony with a great enlargement of civil liberty; And Whereat, our Heavenly Father has also during the year graeiously averted from us the callamities of foreign war, pestilence and famine, while our granaries are full of the fruits of an abundant season; And Whereat, "righteousness exalteth a nation, while sin is a reproach to any people; Now. therefore be it known that I, An drew Johnson, President of the United States, do hereby recommend to the people thereof, that they do set apart and observe the first Thursday of December next as a day of National Thanksgiving to the Creator of the Universe for, these deliverances and blessings. And I do further recommend that on that occasion the whole people make confession of our national sins against His infinite good ness, and with one heart and one niind im plore the Divine guidance in the way of Na tional virtue and holiness. In tescimony whereof I have hereunto .set nay hand, and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the city of Washington, this 28th day of October, in the year oi our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Sixty-five, and of the Independence af the United States, the ninetieth. ANDREW JOHNSON. By the Presideut, JVM. H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. Union Pacific Railroad—lnternal Reve nue Receipts—Amendment of the Tax Law —The Reciprocity Treaty. Special Dispatch to Pittsburgh Com. WASHINGTON, Oct. 26. ARRIVED. Major General Schofield is among the ar rivals here to-day. The receipts from internal revenue to-day were upwards of nine hundred thousand dol lars. A MISSOURI DELEGATION Representing the interest of the Kansas branch of the Pacific Railroad, had an inter view with the President in relation to its ac ceptance by the Government, with flattering prospects of success. REVENUE RECEIPTS. The total receipts of revenue by the Trea sury, in the three months ending on the 20th September last, amounted to one hundred and forty-six millions of dollars. AMENDED TAX. It is underttood that several of the most influential men engaged upon the subject of amended tax. are strongly inclined to substi tute a tax upon sales, for the present system of income tax, and taxes upon occupations and productions. This will leave untouched a proper system of taxation upon dividends, rents, salaries, interest upon loan of money, spirits and tobacco. Some persons, whose opinions are entitled to consideration, urge the propriety of levying a specific duty or excise upon cotton and petroleum, and such other of our products as hold a monopolyof the foreign markets, to such an amount as will neither abate the profits of these pro ductions. nor lessen the foreign demand for them, at the same time refusing to draw back on those articles when exported, thus throwing the whole of the tax upon the for eign demand.* THE RECIPROCITY TREATY. It is understood here that Canada will starve if the reciprocity treaty is abrogated, and the English capitalists, except those who invest in our railroads, will be so hard pressed if the present custom duties are maintained in this country, that they will have to set up their workshops on this side of the Atlantic. The fight in the Congress will be on these questions, and the members will have the opportunity of selling not at the highest prices in British funds: sterling. Official cupidity may, therefore, be quoted in advance at a very high figure. Another reduction in the Army-30,000 men to be mustered out--if usincss of Chicago Fostofficc. Special Dispatch to the Pittsburgh Pom. WASHINGTON, Oct. 27. ANOTHER REDUCTION IN THE ARMY. Another wholesale reduction of the army has just been ordered. Instructions were issued to-day by the War Department, di recting the immediate muster out of fifty three regiments, numbering in the aggregate between twenty-five and thirty thousand men. There are twenty-six colored regi ments included in the list, three of them belonging to Massachusetts and Connecticut and the rest to the regular United States colored troops. The following are the Wes tern troops which will be discharged under this order: Ohio, 194 th infantry; Illinois, the 54th and the men of the 95th infantry regiment who were transferred to the 47th, which still remains in service; Indiana, 13th cavalry; Missouri, 15th and 16th cavalry; Michigan, 10th cavalry; Pennsylvania, 3d heavy artillery and 3d provisional cavalry. BUSINESS OF THE CHICAGO POSTOFFICE. The number of letters that passed through the Chicago Postoffice during the quarter ending September 30th, as shown by the books of the General Postoffice, was 1,977,- 963. The receipts of the office front letters and newspaper postage, during the same pe riod, were $88,798 37; $12,120 was paid for registered letters. The expenses of the office were $27,486 03, and the net balance paid over to the Government after the prepay ment of all expenses was $68,84S 02. Fenian Movements-The Queen's Troops Deserting—Large Emigration to the States-The Baunlers Kidnapping Case NF.W YORK, October 26. —The Herald's special from Torontq, says the Fenian ex citement is increasing and great activity is manifested in military circles, and drills, or ganizations, enrolling volunteers, etc., arc going on. Many soldiers in the regular reg iments are deserting to the States, and a large portion of the volunteers arc believed to be Fenians. Many Scotchmen are join ing the nrier in Montreal. A number of the French have gone to Mexico. The exodus from Canada to the States just now is very large. Three thousand families left House's Point last year for America. American buyers spent a million dollars in this market last month. In the Saunders Kidnapping case the judge strongly urged a conviction on thejury who, unable to agree, have been locked up since Saturday, the judge declaring he will keep them confined until they give a verdict. TIIE MONRO® DOCTRINE. —Here is the the whole story copied from Mr. Monroe's message, delivered Dec. 2, 1823: With the existing colonies or dependen cies of any European power we have not in terfered and will not interfere. But with the governments who have declared their independence, and maintained it, and whose independence, we have on great considera tion and on just principles acknowledged, we would not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their destiny by any European power is any other light than as a manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. What is the difference between stabbing a man and killing a hog? One is assaulting with intent to kill, aud the other a killing with intent to salt. Terrible Hurricane in the West Indie. Three Hundred Person. Killed NEW YORK. October 21.— Fries of late " est India papers furnish additional details of the terrific hurricane which swept, over some Islands on the 6th of last month. I n Gat'daloujie it was particularly severe. Hon ses were lilted from the ground, torn to nie ces and blown in fragments to a considerable distance, and the air was filled with the fir ing debris. In one town a hospital was blown down, and all its inmates were either killed or wounded. Between two hundred and three hundred per sons altogether were killed. The crops of the island were dc strayed. Scarcely a tiee was left standing and it is believed that many vessels were stranded or sunk. JAMES BUCHANAN.— The unkimlest cut of all to James Buchanan, who served the Southern traitors with a servilities unsur passed in the history of the countrv, is giv en in the late letter of Hon. Kenneth Rav nor to I) William Eider, of Washington, llaynor puts his deliberate opinion on record thus: 1 must say that I regard James Buchanan as more responsible for the disasters and horrors of the last four years than any man in the nation. The people of the South had very kindly feelings for him. In fact, he was more popular with the ultra men of the South, on account of his connivance at the Kansas outrage, his dogma about hav ing no power to coerce a State, &c., then he was with the Union men. A remonstrance from hint, a warning, a declaration that he mutt maintain the authority of the Govern ment and see that the laws were executed— this, coming from a friend, would have in duced the Secessionists to pause and consid er, at least; it would have aroused and giv en confidence to the Union element of the South. It would, in my opinion, have averted the conflict. But hs stood still and did nothing. THE FREEDMEN'S "BUREAU." —A few days since, says the Chattanooga (Tenn.) Gazette, an ancient gentlewoman of color came into an office of the Freedmen's Bureau and inquired if that was the place where they kept the freedmen's bureaus. The gentlemanly clerk was momentarily nonplus sed, but, instantly recovering his wonted fravity blandly replied in the affirmative. linah, with an air of mystciy' and speaking in a confidential whisper, said: "I have come for my bureau; now give me a pretty large one, with a glass top; I have a wash stand at home, but it is too small to put my fixins in." A miller had his neighbor arrested under the charge of stealing wheat from his mill, but being unable to substantiate the charge by proof, the court adjudged that the miller should make an apology to the accused.— "Well," says he, "1 have had you arrested for stealing my wheat—l can't prove it—and sorry for it." Talleyrand being asked for his autograph by an English nobleman, promised to send him one in a few days, and thus kept his word. He sent him an invitation to dinner " Will you oblige me with your conpany to dinner, on WeDnesday next, at eight o'clock? I have invited a number of exceedingly clever persons, and do not like to be the only fool among them." SOUTHERN NEWS. The Chairman of the North Carolina Con vention announced on the 19th ult. that he had sent to New York tor a National flag to hoist over the Capitol, as, alter dilligent search, he could not procure one in the vi cinity. Thefreedmen of Lynchburg, Va., hare ap pealed to their former masters for aid to emi grate to Liberia, for th e purpose of carrying "the civilization they hare received in this country to that benighted land." Thirty-four of the members of the Georgia Reconstruction Convention were unable to take their seats until pardoned by President Johnston. Gov. Johnston of Georgia has requested the President not to remove the U. S. Military forces from that State until it completes its organization. On the 20th ult., for the first time since its capture in April, 1862, New Orleans was without a ship-of war moored in front of it. The oyster trade at Norfolk. Va., is very brisk. Extensive fires are raging in the woods in several counties in Virginia. A large meeting of the friends of the Balti more association for the improvement of the colored people, was held in Baltimore on the 2-sth ult. The meeting was addressed by Bishop Mcllvaine of Ohio and Mr. Braith waite of England. Tho population of Nashville, Tenn., previ ous to the war, was 28,000; now it is over 80,000. A reverend gentleman from Florida is in Washington urging the colinizution of the negroes upon the public lands in that State. A white man married a dusky damsel in Knoxville, Tenn., lately, and was driven out of town by the indignant citizens. RECONSTRUCTION. The negroes of Mississippi have been hoaxed with a story that on next Christmas day the Government is to give to each of them a tract of land, and many reft'se to hire to the plan ters for a period extending beyond that time. Gov. Pierpont of Virginia has published a card, charging the Hon. Freeman Clark of the Treasury Department, in Washington, with having caused to be published, knowing it to be false, the statement that he (Pier pont) had said. "We, the people of the South, will not submit to be taxed to pay the Union war debt." The Freedmen's bureau will continue its operations in South Carolina until that State allows the negroes to testify in the courts,and puts a stop to the outrages upon the blacks. The South Carolina Legislation lately elec ted assembled in extra session on the 25th. Alex. H. Stephens, ex-Rebel Vice-Presi dent, left Washington on the 21st tilt, for Georgia. The Richmond City Government has been organized, the objectionable members having given up their claims to office. At a Democratic meeting in New-Orleans, on the 16th, resolutions were adopted asking that the same clemency be shown .IctT. Davis as to other Sonthers leaders, and denouncing Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner as .having raised an un-American clamor for his blood. The military in the district of Charleston have been ordered to surrender to the civil tribunals the adjudication of all legal matters except such as relate to property in posses sion of the Government, and cases in which negroes are interested. The order calling for the organization of the colored militia has lieen countermanded. I he depredations of the bushwhackers up on the Southern Indians is the chief obstacle to the making of favorable treaties by the •Jovernment. The tribes have lost in this way $4,500,000 worth of cattle during the war. Over 1 ft. Of 0 Southern loyal Indians are uow subsisted by the Government.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers