ibf gfrlfard §jnq*im IS PUBLISHED L:VI;HY FIUI>AY MORNING, BY J, K. !>1 MMHtMffi AM) JOHN LCTZ, 0N JI LIATfA St., opposite the Stengel House BEI>FOUI), PHN N'A. TERMS: |2.00 n rear if paid strictly in advance. If not paid within six months *2.30. If not paid within the year aa.OO. jroftftrtml & Cards. 4 I'TORX E\H AT LAW. TOM* PALMER, ' Attorney at Uw, Kedßrd. Pa,. Will promptly attend to all business entrusted to his care. Vft- Particular attention paid to the eollection of Military claims. Office on Julianna st.. nearly opposite the Mengel House.) june 23, '65.1y T B. CESSNA, *) . ATTORNEY AT LAW, office with Jon*' Cessna, on Pitt St., opposite the Bedford Hotel. AH business entrusted to his care will receive faithful and prompt attention. Mili tary Claims, Pensions. <t* speedily collected, Bedford, June 9, 1865. F •!! \ T. KEAHV, #J ATTORNEY AT LAW, Brnroe.D, Pa., Will promptly attend to all legal business entrust el to his care. Will give special attention to e'aiii!- against the Government. Office on Juliana s reel. ■ .riuerly occupied by Hon. A. King. April :'5-*ly. j. r. Nt itßuanow joii.* lpti. DUIiBOEBOW A LET/.. ./ TTOH.Vf: \'s .IT T.I It*. Bcnronn, Pa., Will attend promptly to all business intrusted to their care. Collections made on the shortest no tice. They are. also, regularly licensed Claim Agents and will give special attention to the prosecution of claims against the Government for Pensions, Back Par, Bounty, Bounty bands, Ac. Office on Juliana street, one door South of the ,- ,\len"cl House" and nearly opposite the htyuirer ~ April 28. 18f5:tf UHP Y M ALSIP, llf ATTORNEY AT LAW, Bunrbnn, Pa., Will faithfully and promptly attend to all busi acss enrmstedto his care in Bedford and adjoin iurr counties. Military claims, Pensions, back pay, Bounty, Ac. speedily collected. Office with Mann A Spang, on Juliana street, 2 doors south ..f the Mengel House. apl I, 1864.—tf. MA. POINTS, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Rubportn, Pa. Bespeetfully tenders his professional services t-> the public. Office with J. YY. Lingenfeltcr, E.op. on Juliana street, two doors South of the "Menglc House." Dec. 9, 1864-tf. KIMMF.LL AND LINGEXFELTER, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, BEnroKD, I-A. 11.ave formed a partnership in the practice of the Law Office on Juliana Street, two doors South of the Mengel House, apr'l. 1864 tf. ROHN MOWER, ) ATTORNEY AT LAW. Bedford, Pa. April 1, 1864.—tf. DENTISTS. C. N. BICKOK ....J. O. MISSICH, JR. nEN TESTS. Bedford, Pa. tijfire in ike Honk 11 nilti i Htj. Julian" Street. All operations pertaining to Surgical or Me chanical Dentistry carefully and faithfully per formed and warranted. TERMS CASH. janft"6s-ly. DENTISTRY'. I. N. BOWSER, Resident Dentist, Wood- BKRItr. Pa., will spend the second Mondwv, Tues day, and Wednesday, of each month at Hopewell, the remaining three days at Bloody Hun, attend- : ing to fhc duties of his profession. At all other times be can he found in his office at W oodbury, cveepting the last Monday and Tuesday of the vunc month, which he will spend in Martinsburg, Blair county, Penna. Persons desiring operations should call early, as time is limited. All opera i.ns warranted. Aug. 5,1864,-tf. PHYSICIANS. I \K. B. F. HARRY, I.) Kc.qiectfullv tenders his professional ser vices to the eit'oens of Bedford and vicinity. Office and residence on Pitt Street, in the building formerly occupied by Dr. J. H. Hofius. April 1, 1864 —tt. I L. MAKBOL'KO, M. I)., I . Having permanently located respectfully tenders his pofessional services to the citixens "f Bedford and vicinity. Office or. Juliana street, opposite the Bank, one door north of Hall A Pal mer's office. April 1, 1864—tf. IIOTKLS. RKl)l'<>Hli HOUSE, at mmsi-Kz™™? 9?.-: htt ' Pa '' Kv< ry attention given to make guests comfortable, who step at tliia House. Hopewell, July 29, 1864. I r S*. HOTKI., I . ll \Rftl.<Rl?Fffl, PA. CORNER SIXTH AND MARKET STREETS, Ufl'oslTK UASIXS H. H. DKI'OT. D. 11. HUTCHINSON, Proprietor. j in 6:65. Y \s H I N T ;TOK BOTEL, JiKDFORI ). Pa is AAC F. GROVE, Proprietor. THE .subscriber wculd respectfully announce to his friend? in Bedford County, and the pqblic gej.orally that he has leased for a term of years, this large convenient brick hotel, at the corner of Pitt and Jultanna Streets, Bedford Pa., known a- the, WA S HJN<;TON HOTEL, and formerly kept hy Win. Dibert. This Hume is heingthoroughly re-fitted an <f re furnished. aiitl is now opened for the reception of guests. Visitors to the BEDFORD SPRINGS, and persons attending Court, will find this House a pleasant and quiet temporary home, Every at tention will be paid to the accommodation and comfort of guests. Tbe TABLE . will at all times be supplied with the best the markets afford. Charges will be mod crate. Extensive Stabling is attached to this Hotel, and a careful and competent Hostler will be in at tendence. special attention will be paid to the accommo dation of the farming community. Coaches leave this House Dailv. (Sundays ex cepted , at 61 o'clock. A. M. and 2o'clock P. M.. to * n't With the trains going East, from Mount l'alla> Station and Bloody Run. A coach will also have tri-weekly, (Tuesday, Thursday and Satur day) for Somerset. The traveling public will find it decidedly to their advantage to stop with him. ISAAC F. QROVE. Bedford, April 7, 1865. BAAHIHN. W. AI re n. k. MIASSO? ~R. BKMUXICT J> I'D, SHANNON A CO., BANKERS, * V. R:I<RFTITN, PA. BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT. ' 1 1. LECTIONS made for the East, West, North j l ' l <B' Uth. and the general business of Exchange, •' riMctJd.. Notes and Accounts Collected and 11 " ittahrer promptly made. REAL ESTATE "'eight and sold. apr.15,'64-tf. 4HVIIF.IU Ac. I 1A N1 L .J, JIT OS HER. I'ttT STBSKT, TWO DOORS WKST Of THE BKB ' UOTEL, RKHFOBII, PA. V ' ATCJIMAKEU AND DEALER IN JEWEL RV. SPECTACLES, AC. 'lc keeps on hand a stock of fine Gold and Sil- atelics, Spectacles of Brilliant Double Refin '<ia--es, *!sq Scotch Pebble Glasses. Gold '"ft Chains, Breast Pins, Finger Rings, best Gold Pens. He will supply to order 'bing in his line not on hand. IT. 28, 1865—is. i >LAXK MORTOAOKK, BONDS, PUOMISAHA , iS " JI'JMiMKNT NOT KM con eta it tTv on an 'l i"r ; alt |li, -In .uin r" Office • " 1 64, DTK BORROW Si LITI Editors and Proprietors. AO TIME LIKE THE" OLB TIME. T OLrVIR WISDBLL SOLMRS. Theie is no time like the M time, when you and I were young, When the bade of April blossomed, and the birds of spring-time sung! Thegarden's brightest glories by summer suns are nursed, But, ob, ths sweet, sweat violets, the flowers that opened first. There is no place like the old place where you and I were born, Where we lifted first our eyelids on the splendors of the morn From the milk-white breast that warmed us, from the dinging arms that bore; Where the dear eyes glistened o'er as that will look on us no more ! There is no friend like the old friend, who has shared our morning dnys. Xo greeting like his welcome, no homage like his praise: Fame is the scentless sunflower: with gaudy crown of gold; But friendship is the breathing rose, with sweets in every fold. There is no love tike the old love that we courted in our pride; Though our leaves are falling, falling, and we re failing side by side, There are blossoms all around us, with the colors of our dawn, And we live in borrowed sunshine when the light of day is gone. There are bo times like the oh! times—they shall never be forgot! Thore is no place like the old place—keep green the dear old spot! There are no friends like our old friends—may II eaven prolong their lives! Thore are no loves like our old loves—God bless our loving wives! Atlontir. Monthly. PARTED. A faded flower, a lock of hair, A little ring, a small white glove, A portrait of a maiden fair ; Some crumpled notes, "Aurora Leigh," With pencil marks and inscribed name, A favorite song oft sung to me; A ribbon blue, with golden clasp, A scarlet hood, with faint perfume, A waist belt small, with broken hasp. What foolish things are those to keep; So very small, so worthless too— What folly over them to weep ! The faded flower, the small white glove, The little ring, the portrait fair, Are relics of a long-lost lore; And whispering soft and whispering low A story of a little grave, They cause those bitter tears to flow. SPEECH OF HOY. THADDKI'S STEYEXS, Ueltysbarg, Pi*., October M, lS. FELLOW CITIZENS: I fear the ensuing election is considered of so little importance as to create indifference. Although there are two State officers to be chosen, beside the county ticket, yet I look upon this election as the most important of anv which has been held for many years, except on the re-election of President Lin coln, which tested the fidelity of the people to the Union. I will give the reasons of its importance. A great war between the federate States of America" and the United States, has been won by the Union, at the cost ox Four Billions of money: the loss of near half a million of lives, and the ruin of many loyal citizens. The enemy renounced " " - - A~ iL /T /, WW GA" * />•._ WW J )AAIOW<VI themselves an alien enemy. We s<> treated them on many a well fought field. No man ly foe would ever again claim shelter under the rejected Constitution, until admitted un der it by a new compact containing condi tions corresponding to the altered circum stances of the two belligerents. No wise eonquerer would admit such claim, if mean ly made, except upon terms such as victors impose, of full indemnity for the past (as far as possible) and full security for the fu ture. In the important question of dealing with the vanquished enemy, we must re l member that they are no common foe waging war at the command of their lawful rulers, but the whole body of the army and people ; (with a few loyal exceptions) are traitors, rebels and perjurers—are, in short, wanton and cruel murderers of our best citizens. What, therefore, might seem harsh towards a common enemy, is mercy when dealt to thetn. Two modes of dealing with thetn are now before the people and to be decided by them at this election. One proposition is to treat the Rebels as never having abjured the Constitution or left the Union in fact; but as merely trying to resume their supposed rights, illegally to be sure, but still within the Union, as "er ring brethren, and, therefore, entitled at their option, to cease this "family strife" and resume their places, with all their rights; that in doing this they are to consult only the Executive of the nation, without any regard to the sovereign power—the J.legislature. The terms are, a few oaths, a humbug State Constitution, made without authority of law, by less than a third of the jteople, and never submitted to the people for ratifi cation. They are then to be taken within our fraternal embrace, receive a free pardon, and have all their forfeited estates restored to them, and come into full communion in Congress, and in all the offices. They are to pay none of the expenses or damages of the war, nor contribute to the support of our disabled soldiers and bereaved citizens. This plan has the full approbation of all the Reliels and rebel sympathizers, of the whole Copperhead party, of such Republi cans as are naturally parasites, and of such public journals as "pt'HMSH BYAUTHOBITT." The Union party of Pennsylvania have a dopted a different | lan. The State Con vention resolved that the estates of the leading Rebels should be confiscated to pay the national debt: increase the pensions of our soldiers; pay the damage.- done to loyal men. and relieve the harden of taxation, now heavy, and likely to be increased. This principle is approved by Maine, .Massachu setts and all the Union Conventions which have yet spoken. The tax paying loyal peo ple are unanimously in favor of it. All who sympathize with our wounded soldiers and their bereaved friends: all who wish to see the damages done by Rebel raiders paid, ap prove of it. Rut it has been opposed by e\ay Copperhead Convention \el held {or to e held, 1 suppose.) JJvery Copperhead A _ L P° AL GENERAL NEWSPAPER, DEVOTED TO POLITICS, EDUCATION, LITERATI IRE AND MORALS. paper in the nation: every opponent of the war. and slanderer of the soldiers, condemns it. While every copperhead paper, conven tion, and politician shouts the praises of the first named scheme with a unanimity unpar alleled in political contests. But these schemes you arc to decide. Our leading journals seem bewildered. I took up one lately that savs reorganization is easy. The fundamental principle it lays down is ' 'that the Rebellion must be consid ered as having destroyed no State, nor any State Government; they were only in obey ance," and he says the President acts upon that principle. Let us see where that would lead us to. 1 have said, elsewhere, that our national liabilities, when all shall be ascertained, will reach four billions of dollars. Certain tem porizing Republicans say that the amount is exaggerated. Let us see. By the last report of the Secretary of the Treasury, the ascertained amount, exclud ing cash on hand, was over $2,830,000,000. The amount due the Army and Navv would no doubt swell it to at least three billions of dollars. I think that the unsettled claims against the Government tor damages, goods furnished, and services rendered, will reach at least five hundred millions of dollars. The pension list will soon require $30,000,- <XH> annually, whose capital is $5<K),000,000. Here we have already four billions. But there are other various liabilities—annuities to Indian tribes-, bonds to the Pacific Rail Road not less than $100,000,(KM), et cetera. This, to be sure, will not all be on interest for two or three years to come. Our legal tenders cannot be funded before that time. But, in the mean time, that which is on in terest bears much more than six per cent. Seven-Thirty is the lowest payable in money. The gold bearing is between eight and nine per cent, (reduced to legal tenders.) To pay the interest and ordinary expenses of the Government, and the increased cost of the Army and Navy will require $500,000,- 000 annually. Our present revenue will be, in common years, about $300,000,000, leav ing $200,000,000 to be raised by additional taxation. This whole debt was forced on us by the rich Rebels of the South. They organized a regular government: defied the United States to battle; compelled them to raise and maintain a million of men; and a navy of seven hundred vessels. Those who created this debt have been conquered. The law of nations says; the law of justice, and of the God of Armies says, that they shall pay the expenses and damages of this wick ed "war. The Rebels, the Copperheads, and a fow bewildered staggering Republicans say, "let them back with all their privileges, without fine or forfeiture. To consolidate the Union we must leave the homicidal traitors in its bosom, and treat them kindly lovingly, and mercifully. Touch not a dollar of their property; but allow loyal meu to groan under the burdens they have heaped upon them." This is not the Pennsylvania platform. It says "confiscate the property of the rich Rebels, and apply it to pay the debt, and to indemnify the loyal men who have rained them; and add something to our wounded soldiers' comfort.'' And yet 1 perceive certain Republicans, who sit on velvet cushions, fill high places, and grow fat on federal patronage, join the whole throng of Copperheads and traitors, and beg that mercy and loving kindness shall he bestowed on the vanquished wretches: and especially on those who sue for pardon, be cause they are worth more than $20,000 each; and that none of their vast estates shall be taken from them, while our loyal poor, made houseless by their incendiary torch, must wander in poverty and labor by the day, to feed and shelter their suffering families 1 The shabby Republicans to whom I have referred, take that course because they pre tend it is the President's plan. All admit and applaud tbe patriotism and honesty of the President. It is true that the applause of the Copperheads, and their unanimous approval of what they call his views, have made the loyal pause. But they need not be alarmed; nor need the rebels exult at what they deem the Pie. ! nt's plan of re organization. Ido not find that be liiLsanv definitely chosen mode, lie tells us he is try ing experiments, as it is his duty to do, to see which works best. He cannot for a mo ment ptWMjinl, uui I understand him to Sretend that the Executive has anything to o with reconstructing the nation. His du ty, as Commander-in-Chief, is to do what he is doing, hold th conquered belligerent un der military rule until the meeting of Con gress. Not one of the Confederate States is yet released from military supervision. The President cannot make laws to govern them, nor can their own Legislatures, for they are subject to tbe conqueror. Congress, and Congress alone, can re-instate or re-ad mit them. But the President has an im portant duty to jierfonii. He should be prepared to recommend some scheme to Congress. To know what is wisest to ad vise, he is trying the experiment of allowing the captives to fabricate forms of State Gov ernments, and pass municipal laws. If he finds that they are weaned from their slav ish ideas and have learned to bow to God's decree of equal rights, he willl recommend Congress to admit them to the communion of freedom. If, as seems likely, from the specimens wo have had, their old prejudices prevail; and they will not bow to the decree of Heaven, and honestly embrace the Dec laration of Independence, he will no doubt advise Congress to keep them still in a state of pupilage. The theory on which he is allowing the South to patch up State gov ernments, show that he cannot expect them to be permanent. He directs his Military- Governors to allow the people to take the old Conttitutions as the substratum of a new organization, and so amend them as to meet the expectations of the North, by abolish ing slavery. The Governors direct who shall vote and when the Conventions shall be held. Now those Constitutions which arc to be re-formed, point out the modes of amendment. The Constitution of Tennessee provided that "whenever twotliirds of the General Assembly shall think it necessary to change or amend this Constitution they shall recom mend to the electors to vote for or against a convention," et cetera- The Constitution of South Carolina now being furnished by Provisional Governor Perry says: "No Convention of the people shall be called unless by the concurrence of two thirds of both branches of the whole representation. " The Constitution of Mis sissippi requires a two thirds vote to amend; so of Louisiana, Virginia, and all the other States. None of the present cobbled Gov ernments have gone through this process. 1 think about a dozen townships and fifteen hundred voters acted for the eleven hundred thousand people of Virginia. What new law has authorized this mode of amending or creating new States? The President can pass no law, and Congress has not met since the conquest. It is evidently an "experi ment;" a job for these captives to learn on while held in military subjection. Ido not overlook what the President has occasionally said to ihem. It is u very allowable Chris tian gratification for him and his chief mini ster whom these men have persecuted, and BEDFORD, Pa., FRIDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1865. placed rewards n their heads, aud attemp ted to assassinate, tf see thetu ranged by fif ties at his foot stool, begging his pardon, and to lecture them in a patronizing way; and listen to their submissive answers, ana see them clan their delicate hands in con strained applause; to tell them not to be al armed at the radicals, that they are under his protection and under the shield of the Constitution which they bid never abjured: that he loves them Jikea father, and will love theiu all the more for this little "family feud.'' It is easy to see that this is all irony, cut ting irony, which they well deserve. If it be not irony to the living traitors it is mock ery to the loyal dead. With what feelings would our returned soldiers listen to those in authority, soothing, encouraging, patron izing those who had just been seeking their lives? , How could yo" -ta.-ding among the thick graves of the immortal batfle-fiela or Gettysburg, listen to such language if it were to he literally understood? flow more cruel than steel would it enter the hearts of fath er.-. brothers and kindred of those who had fallen by Rebel hands, to see the Chiefs of the Union .fraternizing with and embracing the murderers of their kindred while their garments are yt dripping with their fresh ulood? Those who know the remarkable in tellectual character of those eminent men per ceive, if they do not enjoy, the rich irony of their speeches, so delicate and yet so subtle that the trembling supplicants accept it liter ally, and have gone home to boast of their success and plot new treason. You will now see how important it is to carry this election. The Union platform says; "The Rebel's property shall pay the damages done to loy al citizens; double the pensions of our sol diers, and pay a. part of the National Debt. The Copperhead platform says: "Tonch not a dollar of the enemy's property but let them back unpunished, iuto the Union that they may a d their loving Copperhead friends in controlling the Nation." This is the distinct issue. If we succeed it will so strengthen the hrnde of the Union Members of Congress as to enable them to overcome all opposition, and reconstruct the Government upon the principles of Justice, which is universal liberty. How are we to prevent the pro-slavery party frotn getting a majority in Congress until all wholesome legislation shall have been completed? Be gin, at the opening of the next session of Congress, by declairing all the Confederate States in a territorial condition; and refuse to admit a member from any one of them. If it is conceded that any of them are States capable of representation, then the sole ques will be the personal qualifications of indi vidual members; and one after another will find their way into both branches of Con gress. That would entitle the States to vote for T'resident and Vice President; and the successor of Andrew Johnson would be a Secession Copperhead. Then comes the assumption of the Rebel debt, or the repu diation of ours—a condition worse than peaceable separation—for I can conceive of no condition worse than National repudia tion. What is coclusive evidence that the Pre sident considers the present adjustment of States as temporary and experimental only, is, that the Supreme Court has decided that the declaration of the condition of States belongs exclusively to Congress. The pres ent arrangement was made under the de crees of the President and his Military Gov ernors. If this could be deemed permanent, it would form a precedent, on which future Presidents might build a throne, and usurp a crown. The President is too much of a plebeian to indulge in such absolute ideas. The people of the border counties, Franklin, Adams, York, Cumberland, and others, have been robbed of their personal property; and one whole town laid in ashes by the Rebel armies. Let the Union plan be sustained, and all their losses will be paid, and your taxes greatly lessened. Let it be defeated and the Rebels will be allowed to retain their property, and you will lode it: vain for the l>ayuicnt of yours. How can any one stan ; diug amidst these plundered citizens, and almost in sight of the ruins of Chambers burg, sustain a party, whxh says to the rich Rebels, "Keep your estates, and let those whose property you destroyed, work on in hopeless poverty to the grave!" 1 was lately in Philadelphia, and heard of a case, (a sample of many others,) which stirred my blood, cold as it is. A rich rebel owned city stock amounting (with interest,) t<> more than one hundred thousand dollars. It had been seized under our confiscation laws, it was ready to be pJ into the Uni ted States Troasurr. v, hen a pardon came, which restored it to its Rebel owner. If such things meet your approbation, support the Copperhead ticket I observe, it is said that so anxious are these "errihg brethren" to escape the ac tion of Congress, that they are being par doned at the rate of hundreds a day; and as no human endurance could stand such rapid labor, a machine has been invented to do it mechanically, and three hundred are par doned daily by machinery. I do not see why a machine may not do this work as well as human intellect. Thus.they hope to es cape unpunished. But I think they will be mistaken, so far as their property is concern ed. Ido not believe that the President's pardon can restore property confiscated by Congre s, and vested in the United States. Congress did not seize it as the property of traitors, but look it as enemies property, such is the express wording of the law of July, 1X62. The first four sections apply to traitors, A pardon would guard against conviction for treason; but it has nothing to do with belligerent rights. Property onoe vested in the United States cannot be divest ed by any acts of the Executive. Wc are commanded to administer judg ment in mercy. I am for mercy, but not until justice is satisfied. Many arc ostenta tious of their merciful feelings. Some, 1 suspect, mistake timidity and softening of the brain for tenderness of heart. With us are all the best warriors of the nation—Sherman, Hooker. Hunter, How ard, Sheridan, the talented Butler and the gallant Hartranft. Ido not speak of Grant for so silent is he, that all we know of him is that h it an nnconqmrnblr hero. Against us arc Jeff. Davis, Judge Black. Jeff*s namesake of Doylestown, James Bu chanan, Cam. Wirze, Dean Richmond, Gen. Lee, Gen. McCausland and their followers. As I am speaking in a Senatorial Diclrict, composed of Franklin and Adams counties, (in both of which some acquaintance. ) I will say a very few words wjth regard to the lo cal tickets of each, t have knn.ni your Senatorial candidate from his boyhood. He is a gentleman of excellent talents and edit-, cation. Above all hypocrisy, while he Is affable to all, he is sycophantic to none. I knew his respected father well. No truer man ever lived. He is of a stock in whose veins no dishonest blood ever flowed. Of his competitor 1 know nothing. His parents were of this County, and worthy people. It is enough to know that he is on the Secession ticket. Your County ticket isthe nobles? that possi bly could he formed. Lieui Houck, she candidate for the legislature, for bravery and patrjotjMti is without a rival, Wound Ed, and left for dead on the field of battle he unexpectedly recovered; again sought the enemy, and was again seriously wounded; As soon as he was able to move, he again joined the army, and served to the end of the war. His shattered system will proba bly lead him to an early grave ; hut lie ha acquired glory enough for one man. I dotal* not that He will be honored by a grateful people. llis competitor is nobody. When soldier.- were wanted, and his name was en rolled, he was no where to he found. Can good Old Adams disgrace herself bv post poning the brave patriot filled with rebel lead, to prefer a skedaddler? I happened to meet your candidate for Prothonotary—the son of an old acquaint ance, a humble mechanic. His family fur nished two sons for the war. One of them fills a Soldier's grave. The other bears thg highest badge of honor—an armless sleeve. Who can go to the polls and oppose him r His opponent I believe, is a very worthy man, who served his country faithfully, and returned uninjured to enjoy the home of a wealthy father. As this may meet the eye of some who vote in Franklin county, I will say a word of their ticket. The Union candidate for the Legislature, Col. Stumbaugh, is admitted to be a gentle man of excellent talents. His courage and patriotism have been tested on the battle field. lie served in the army until disease compelled him to retire. His opponent is my old friend, Meliellan, whose downfall I deplore. He was never a fortunate, but was a correct, politician. Raised a Whig, and always professing to he long to that school, I know not what mad ness should make him join the Rebels just when they are subdued. I can attribute it to nothing hut (what he believes) to be grat itude. While they were in Chambersburg destroying the humble houses of the com mon people, they spared his magnificent dwelling and furniture. This is the only plausible way that I can account for his eon duct, I know that he attempts to palliate it, by saying that he was constrained by a desire to obtain from the State satisfaction for the damages inflicted by the enemy on the people of Franklin county. I would not for a moment doubt the sincerity of that gentleman. But I believe he deludes him self as to his real motives. How can he ex pect to accomplish more than his two talen ted predeceseors ? They were one of each party; each influential in his own party. He will have no party, no influence, for hie would have the odor of anostaev upon him. Colonel Stuinhaugh would have much more power, in these days, when soldiers are po tential. It would be but justiee that those on the frontier, who stood as a bulwark between the enemy and the interior, should be in demnified by the State. Such was the opin ion of Alexander Hamilton. The Union candidates, alone, can obtain cciupensaticfc for the border people. But, above all, dam ages done by the enemy should be paid by their property. They are usually provided for by treaties of peace, by compelling the vanquished belligerent to pay those damages as the expenses of the war. As the '"Oofi federate States had no hod, with whom we could consent to treat, it rests with Con gress to impose the terms of peace. One of these terms the Union party of Penn sylvania. contends shall be "that the estates of the Rebels shall pay for the property which they destroyed in Pennsylvania, asd other States."' It is the certain and true mode, possibly the only one, by which in demnity can be had. This is opposed by the Copperheads. Go with us. and enable us to carry out our views in Congress, and all will be paid the damages which were in flicted by the rebels; our wounded soldiers will be made comfortable; and our national debt greatly reduced by the property of those who caused it. Defeat us, and you put the rebels in power, our desnoiled citizens will go unpaid; and all will be oppressed, through ages to come, by increasing taxa tion. THE WEALTH OF OIL. The New York Tribune thus discourses upon the subject of petroleum. Among the many sources for congratulation at the tide ot returning prosperity which now rolls aero6s the country, we must not forget that won derful legacy of nature to which we fell heirs about the beginning of the war: we mean the Petroleum fields. The sensation which followed their discovery and development has abated, but the oil still flows in undimin ished streams, pouring into the Natiouallap presents far richer than the diamonds of Gol conda, or the glittering metals of the Far Wist. The oil trade has become a fixed in stitution, and is already making new eunents and new centres of trade. In December. 1752, Major George Wash ington, of the Virginia militia, was sent by Governor Dinwiddle to the French comman der of that day, who was establishing a line of military posts between Lake Erie and the Ohio River. In his route he passed up the Valley of the Allegheny and across the County of Venango, then the habitation of Indians and wild animals. A hundred years later, and all that could lie seen among those barren hills was a couple of sleepy Dutch towns, with very little to sell to the outer world and still less to buy from it. Within the past five years the discovery of an illu minating oil beneath the *ur&oeof the earth has transformed the face of nature with magical rapidity. The whole country for miles is dotted with derricks, steam engines, and shanties; new cities havesnrung up, wit h their hotels, stores, hanks ana theaters. In a circuit of thirty miles around Oil City are over 200,000 inhabitants. Meadvmc, the neck of the oil regions, through which is poured the oil outgoing and the thousand supplies ingoing, has risen from a population oi'.'i,ooo in 1850 to 15.000. Places like Franklin, Titusville, Oil City, Pit bole, which scarcely existed, now boast 1 of theirdaily newspapers, their hotels, hanks, stores, and theatres. In the circuit of thir ty miles around Franklin theve are not less than 200.000 energetic people. OIL A8 A SOIRCE OF RKYEM E. The Pithole discoveries have lately given another impetus to the excitement, ani vis itors to that interesting spot relate marvel ous stories of its wonaerful yield of oil.— There are it appears, on the two or throb tfaruis known as Pithole City, some 200 wells sunk or in process. We have the record of thirty nf these wells which yield from thirty harrcL (pumping) to 1,500 barrels (flowing) a dav. The total yield of forty of the wells now reach nearly 10,000 gallons pet day.— The oil is worth #lO a band at the wells, but co-ts from #5 to #5 uioveto haul to nlil rond. Thy Government imposes an internal revenue tax of one dollar a barrel on the crude, and twenty cents per gallon upon the refined oil, m that with thp least margin of co t for labor or machinery we have a steady contribution of $200,000 a day, or $70,000,- year from this vicinity alone. The field of the whd of the /Pennsylva nia oil regions is three times that of the Pit hole region, so that without counting the product in West Virginia, Kentucky, or < ihjj. ar> 1> ivc a sum of over $200,000,000 miMKM; W. 44. annually as a direct gift from nature, or suffi cient to discharge the National Debt in fif teen years. Not only sd, but we are fur nished with a portable economical light su perior to any other in use. The principal difficulty experienced at present is the trans portation to market [t is estimated that there are upward of 30.000 barrels of of awaiting shipment, and the railroads are daily refusing freight in both directions. Oil wells are notoriously uncertain ven tures, and many curious facts are related of narrow nits and misses of fortune, On the whole, the yield seems to be as great or greater than ever, though brought from many more channels, the current sometimes setting, from one to another. Leases are now selling at premiums of from $3,000 to $5,A00 and half the oil. The territory has risen in (daces to prices so fabulous as to be out, of the market. Most of the famous "owing. wells have, a regular pulsation in their flow, an interval of from 15 to 30 sec onds m which gas escapes, again followed by oil. Speculation seems to be vague in reference to the extentor origin of the source, the retorts in which the internal fires have been distilling this precious fluid may have been at work for thousands of years, "or may be still. The supply may be, so* far as human demands are concerned, exhaustless—may, indeed, be the liquid side by side with the fluiu residum of the sidereal heat which originally permeated the mass we inhabit. THE WIVES OF POETS. The London Telegraph says: There is a book which never will be written—the Lives of the YVives of Poets—though it is a book which all of us would be eager to read. Should we learn that it is bad or good, well or ill, to know so uiuch of these gifted na tures? When the applause is over, the garland removed from the weary head, the string unstrung, and the eloquent lips cease to enchant the world with melodv. is there only a common-place heart left for its right ful owner? Or is not the leisure and the love of these great natures something as much above the ordinary experienco of human re lationships as their thoughts and language ? Imagine the household presence of Shaks peare, his fireside talk, his inner life, the unrobed existence of a soul so majestic and masterful! It is hardly less than a solemn thought to picture the partaking of such a mind and heart as those which, to this day, swav millions with their genius, and have planted their work amid other work like mountains among monuments. Yet what do we know of it? What can we know? Think of .Milton, with a genius so rare, and stateiy, and pure, that the lady in Comvs. white and serene among the brutal drinkers aud revellers of the wood, is alone like it. Think what it must have been, as a human feminine destiny, to be charged with the daily solace and share of that soul, so lofty, and sedate, and opulent! It is by accident that these teachers and minstrels of men mate, since sometimes, as with Milton, it is ' Paradise Lost" that they would describe if they described at all the life that is lost, out of their biographies? These are speculations that will seem fool ishness to the Stock Exchange, and a stumb ling block to men about town; but the na ture which is born to break into such music or sneh high thought that the world listens, and crown it with the garland of the poet or philosopher is not quite like the natures that marry for money or family, or the rest of worldly reasons; and one would like to know something more of those whom they choose out of the world, just as we draw kings and fiueens together in picture books, and for the causes that make us dissatisfied with the information we have. REBEL CRUELTY. Let the historian catalogue Calcutta, Black Holes, French Bastiles and Spanish Inquisi tions, but what names will read on the middle of the nineteenth century like Li'bby Dungeon Castle Thunder, Belle Isle, Salisbury, Milien, Andersonville—all will be synonymous with cruelty, starvation, misery, and death. Truly a civilization that can palliate such iniquity as this rebellion has inaugurated and practised, needs reform or .eradication. It is civiliza tion apostatized—civilization without the mor al forces of the age that eievate and enoble. It is Christianity without Christ. God has brought us to see our national sins as we nev er saw them before. Onr covenant with such montrosity against humanity must be broken. Because we have justified slavery under the constitution, we are suffering God's judgment. Human rights underlie constitutions. We are told this evil is dead. Let us not be deceived. It only slumbers. Even loyal States refuse to accept the logic of the war or the decisions of God's Providence. They stand back and brace themselves against the march of events New Jersey, Kentucky, and Delaware refuse to ratify the anti-slavery amendment of the Constitution. Clothed with the saddest woe. its we are to-day, this grief will sting their future sons with shame because their fathers were wallowing in the depths of the national corruption. AH the traitors North and South will not justify the deeds this rebellion has disclosed. We grant that the destruction of the masses by yellow fever infection, and clandestine burning of steamboats, and cruel ty to prisoners, and assassinations are not conceived or encouraged as just by many that are in arms against us, yet they could have raised a voice against such barbarities. The almost deified and Northern-lionized rebel chieftain, Lee, could not have daily known and seen the miseries and deaths by brutal treatment of our poor starved patriots of those Richmond "hells," had he been sc great and good. His word was law. Why did he not exe-cise it '/ Why did not he and the South ern pulpit enter their protests in the face of heaven against the barbarities of the dark ages ?—A. Y. Obaetver. SENATOR SHERMAN ON THE TARIFF.— Senator Sherman spoke at Springfield, Ohio, last week, when he expressed himself on the subja-t of tariff and taxation as fol lows: ile believed it unwise and unfair to remove the duty from imported paper while the home manufacturers had to pay a tax equal to ten per cent, on what they made. The revenue from imported paper amount ed to three or four millions of gold per an num. and the Senate thought the oonntry could not afford to lose this Bum. The Committee; on Finance were unanimously of this opinion. _ A. tax on paper is generally unwise. It is a tax on knowledge, and ex cept under extraordinary circumstances should not lie imposed. Mr. Sherman believed that the next Con gress might find it expedient not to remove the duty from imported paper, but to les sen the internal tax /in the h'<>Bie made arti cle. The financial condition of the country was getting to be such that this might be done. The stamp duty, he thought, would he the first to be repealed next winter, after it the tax on iron, then the tax on paper. ! Coi-MuixiK, in one of the most beautiful of similes, illustrates the pregnant truth that the more we know, the greater is our thirst for knowledge, ami 'the more we love, the more instinctive our sympathy: "The water lily, in the midst of waters oiieps its leaves and expands its petals af the lirst pat tering of ihe shower; and rejoices in the rain drops with a quicker sympathy than the parched ihrub in the *niidy i RATES OF ADVERTISING. All averti§emeata for less than 8 montis 10 cent* per line for each insertion. Special notices una hail aiiuiUonai. All reflations of Ammm tioii, couimuniciitioiis of a limited t* individual interest end notices of marriages end deaths, ex ceeding five lines, it cU . per fine. All legal not!- cm of evcrv kind, and all Orphantf Court mi other Judicial sales, are repaired by law to he pub lished in both papers. Editorial Kotioes 15 cents ? e r, Advertising due after first, insortion. A liberal discount is made to persons advertising by the quarter, half-year or year, as follows: 3 months. Smooths. 1 wit. On® l uare * 4.50 $ 0.00 #IO.OO Two squares... 8,00 9.00 18.00 Three squares 8.00 12.00 20.00 One-fourth column 14.00 20.00 36.00 Half column 18.00 25.00 45.0e One column 30.00 45.00 80.00 A MISTAKEN IDEA. One of oar eotemporaries most truthfully remarks that a popular idea among out peo ple is that all of their sons should adopt clerkships, and the adoption of the business of book keeping as a means of obtaining tneir livelihood, and every effort is made to give them an education to that end. So far as the education of their children in the science of keeping proper accounts is con cerned the idea is a good one; as every young man should have a sufficient knowledge to properly manage his own books, should he ever embark in business, but to make book keepers and clerks of all our boys is a grand mistake. Better place them in a workshop, mill or foundry, where they can learn inde pendent trades, which at all times will secure tor them employment, and the pecuniary compensation for which will be at least as much, if not more, than the business of ac counts. We earnestly advise all parents to teach their sons trades, no matter what, so that it is an industrious pursuit, and let us in the future be snared the pain of seeing so many stout ableoodied young men out of employment, and seeking situations where the pen can only be used. There is dignity in labor, and an honest trade is the best leg acy a parent can bestow upon bis child, for ■it will see ire his bread wherejall else may fail. We base our remarks ujpon the fact that nearly one hundred applications from youug men were received by a firm in our city, who recently advertised in our columns but t wice for au assistant book keeper. This fact alone taken in connection with the well known scarcity of labor in the mechanical branches of industry, speaks volumes in condemnation of the popular error of mak ing book keepers out of all our boys. PROTECTION. A Growing feeling in favor of a high pro tective tariff is evident in the tone of our Western exchanges. Numerous articles, characterized by great ability appear in their columns. The importance of diversifying our industry- is conceded and two great points are powerfully presented viz: first that the farmer best serves his interests by encoura ging manufactures which furnish a home market and diminish competition in agricul tural pursuits; and second that the internal revenues of the Federal Government being chiefly derived from the manufacturing in dustry' of the country while real estate fur nishes the basis of the taxation levied for the support of State and municipal purposes it is vitally important to stimulate the for mer and thus pre vent the whole indebtedness from being thrown on the latter. It would be difficult if not impossible for a nation ex clusively devoted to agriclture to maintain our credit while by a liberal encouragement of our manufacturing and mining interests it will be easy to defray the annual interest of our debt and to providefor the speedy extinguishment of the principal A gratify ing proof of the feeling of some of the agri culturists of the westi is afforded by the following letter to the tariff Association of Cleveland written by Hon. J. B. Grinned, M. C. from lowa who is the owner of six thousand acre* of land and an extensive grower of grain and stock'.'" "It gives me pleasure to say that I concur most fully with you in principles and policy. A nearer market in the agricultural States is always to be chosen in preference to a for eign one. The hope t hat our new States will be manufacturing States is a chimera, if we do not foster and protect what manufac tures we have, lam fox the highest duties on all articles which we tan fabricate or raise at home, and as earnestly for a premium on all the skilled labor it is necessary to import, that we may feed, clothe,.and warm all who labor for us on our own soiL A great vital struggle is at hand, and I wish you all saga city and enterprise in behalf of our material iterests." Philn. Press. AT HOME. —The highest style of being at home grows out of a special state of the af fections rather than of the intellect Who has not met with individual)? whose fices would be a passport to any society, and whose manners, the unstudied and sponta neous expressions of their inner selves, make them visibly welcome wherever they go, and attract unbounded confidence towards them in whatever they undertake? They are frank, because they have nothing to conceal; affable, because their natures overflow with benevolence, unflurried, because they dread nothing; always at home, because they carry within themselves that which can trust to itself anywhere and everywhere—purity of soul with fulness of health. Such are our best guarantees fbr feeling at home in all society to which duty takes us, and in every occupation upon which it obliges us to enter. They who live least for themselves are also the least embarrassed by uncertainties, LEAVE A NAME BEHlND. —Thousands of men live, breathe, move, pass off the stage oflife —areheard of no more. Why? They do not a particle of good in the world, none was biassed by them as the instrument of of their redemption. Not a word they spoke could be recalled, and so they perished; their light went down in darkness, and they were not remembered more than the insects of yesterday. Will you thus live and die, oh man, immortal? Live for something. Do good and leave behind you a monument of virtue that the storms of time can never destroy. Write your name In kindness, and love, and mercy, on the hearts of thousands you may come in contact with year by year. You will never be forgotten. No! your name, your deeds will be as legible on the hearts vou leave behind as the stars on the brow of evening. Good deeds will shine as the stars from heaven. A SCENE IN THE Funnus.—We may pic ture to ourselves a group of noble young lads some ten years hence accounting for their orphanage. Says one my father fell in beating back the invaders at Gettysburg, says another my father fell on Lookout Moun tain fighting above the clouds, says another my father suffered martyrdom in Libby pris on; says another uiy father fell at Fort Don aisofi. And there will be hapless lads who will listen in mournful envy, saying in their secret hearts: Alas we have no part nor lot in such glorvines our fathers were rebels, and here and there a youth more unfortu nate still, will steal away from his comrades and murmur in bitterness of soul "Ah God help me my father was a Copperhead.—(fit WVime*. LEARNING A TBABE.— It was a wise law of the ancient Jews, that the sons of even their wealthiest men should be obliged to serve an aprenticeship to some useful occu pation: so that, in case of reverse of fortune, they might have something to "fall back upon.'' The same still exists in Turkey, where even- man, rich or poor, even the Sul tan himself must learn a trade. How for tunate would it be now, had it been a law in this count ry! '' Wouid to God I had a trade!'' is the cry of thousands of returned soldiers, North and Smith, who find themselves ra ined in pocket, with B O immediate prospect Of gaining a livelihood- It should teach ps* rcota that whatever else they may give theif sons, they should jri?* good Had*
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers