Bedford gftujitim. BEDFORD PA., FRIDAY, OCT. 1805. ADVERTISE! ADVERTISE! The Bedford INQUIRER has the largest cir culation ia this part of Pennsylvania. It is therefore one of the best mediums in the country for advertisers. t&"If you are a Lawyer, Doctor or other professional man, advertise. JttsTTf you want to sell goods, advertise. _ If you want to buy a farm, adver tise. Jttiflf you want to sell a farm, advertise. SSflf you want employment, advertise. *%-If you want to employ help, adver tise. _ Psulf you want to buy a house, adver- ISLTf you want to buy or sell a lot, adver tise. you want to buy or sell cattle, adver tise. #®-Ifyou want to buy or sell grain, adver tise. *®~lf you want to advance your interests generally, advertise! JOHNSON ON SUFFRAGE. The question of suffrage is an intricate and delicate one. The chief difficulty in the way of an impartial discussion and intelli gent decision by the American people, is the prejudice against color, engendered by tb e institution of slavery in our country. It is undoubtedly the true spirit of Republican institutions to extend the right of suffrage as nearly as possible to all citizens without regard to race or color who have arrived at the years of discretion and are not disqualified by crime, idiocy, lunacy, or restrictions upon their liberty and independence. That this point of ideal republican perfection is to be reached at a single stride has never been ad vocated, and it is generally conceded that it is only to be reached by gradual approaches, and that the rapidity of this approximation should always be proportioned to the circum stances and necessities of the case to which it Is about to be applied. President John son seems to have hit this point exactly when in his conversation with G. L. Steams he said that universal negro suffrage would breed a war of races, yet declared that as a citizen he would advocate its gradual intro duction, by giving it. first to those who had served in the army then to those who could read and write and afterward to those pos sessing a certain amount of property. The condition of our southern states is an anom alous one. The sudden elevation of four millions of human beings, from a condition of abject slavery, to that of freedom and per sonal responsibility, has had no precedent in history. While many of them were extremely ignorant and many more possessed only the first rudiments of the most elementory edu cation there were a large number possessed of a fair amount of intelligence. Under or" dinary circumstances the constant assimila' tion of a small number of uneducated voters has been accomplished by us without danger and perhaps with positive benefit, by exciting a spirit of emulation, where virtue and in telligence were seen to be the road to honor and preferment, an example of this is seen in ! the naturalization of foreigners with no otfegf ,uunc- fioati ° n th / n „ acertain oi-residence and the da tlis of allegiance and naturalization. The same process might possibly answer in the present case if the freedmen were dis tributed over the whole country instead of being in a group in one section. The ne groes of New York, Ohio, and several other states were enfranchised, not only without dangei but with absolute benefit. But in the present case we are again met by an anomalous condition of affairs. Instead of being a small proportion, they are not only a large proportion, but in some eases an ab solute majority of the people. Again, in some of the northern states the negroes have been disfranchised without any serious det riment to the state, bat also because they were a very small proportion of the popula tion. The negroes of the Southern States, though to a large extent ignorant and simple hearted as children, and having no idea be yond the will of their masters, before the war, since the inauguration of the rebel lion have been both apt and willing scholars and many of them to-day exhibit much great er eagerness to acquire an education than their white compeers. They too hate been in the school of adversity and have rapidly learned to act and think for themselves as well as to handle the musket and bayonet These facts must be considered when discuss ing the question of suffrage at the South. If the immediate introduction of universal suffrage in those states would be likely to breed a war of races, would not the entire exclusion of a whole race constituting from on# third to one half of the entire popula tion, from all hope of participation in mak ing the laws by which they are to be governed, also breed a war of races. Is not the policy of gradual enfranchisement the very key to the solution of this knotty problem? Would not the jndicions enfranchisement of such as possess a certain degree of intelligence and of those who have served in the union army, together with the disfranchisement, at least for a certain length of time, of cer tain classes of rebels, answer the two fold purpose of enabling the trnly loyal and well I meaning men in those states to control their reorganization and at the same time secure the freedmen from oppression, nay more would it not, hot only secure the country from a war of races, but also be an incentive to the freedmen to greater industry and a higher degree of intelligence and thereby in a twofold degree promote the prosperity of the country? It may be objected to this ▼iew of the question of suffrage that it is a matter over which, according to the Presi dents policy, we have no control. We do not propose to discuss the president's theory upon the status of the rebel states at present, yet we would answer, that whether our views as here expressed are in accordance with the theory of the President or not, they are most certainly in accordance with his practice, and what we believe the true policy of re construction, call the special attention of our readers to the communications in our local ooiumiu, from the County Superintendent and from Batter. They both discuss matters of interest to the citizens of the county.— The suggestion of Salter in regard to the improvement of roads and construction of turnpikes Igr townships, is one deserving the attention of the citizens of several other townships ia the county besides tbe ones there refemid to. AN INDISPENSABLE CONDITION OP RECONSTRUCTION. In the reconstruction of the States lately in Rebellion there are many questions upon which, there is yet, great diversity of opin ion even among loyal men. There is one, however, which, though it has as yet scarce ly elicited more than a passing notice from the loyal press, and has been generally ig nored by the conventions of the late rebel states, is nevertheless of the highest impor tance. We refer to the status of the rebel debt, both state and confederate. We be lieve it to be the policy of those states to pa as the questions quietly by, until they re gain their places in the national legislature, and then, with the state governments in their own hands and free from Congression al interference, to assume the rebel debts in curred by the various states and perhaps the confederate also. That they have some such policy in view is indicated by the hopes \ still held and expressed by foreign holders of rebel bonds, as well as by many rebels at home who hold these bonds in large quan tities, they all profess to believe that, in some way or other, sooner or later, they will be paid either wholly or in part. The same thing is more strikingly indicated by the tabling, in the North Carolina conven tion, of the resolution prohibiting the as sumption of the rebel state debt, as well as, by the flurry caused among these worthies by the dispatch of the President demand ing the repudiation of it. They are too shrewd to indicate how it is to be paid, for that would frustrate their designs, bnt that they do hope for it, is obvious to every one who watches the signs of the times. We hope to tee Congress refuse re-admission to every state that has been in rebellion until it shall incorporate into its constitution a clause, forever prohibiting the assumption or pay ment of any debtt incurred either by the sep arate. states or the confederacy for the pHr jiose of, or tchile in, rebellion. There can be no difference of opinion among loyal men upon this question. It is one in which there is no necessity for depending upon profes sions, but which may with the utmost pro priety be persistently demanded. It is a condition, which is absolutely necessary to the future prosperity of that.section of our country. Our people for a long time to come, will have burthens enough to bear, in paying the national debt heaped upon them by the rebellion; and they who caused it will have enough to do to pay their share of that, without being burthened by the one incurred in behalf of treason and rebellion. WHERE ARE THE DEMOCRACY? It was bad enough for the Democracy, when professing to endorse the President's policy, that he should make a speech to ne groes and tell them that, merit, virtue, and intelligence were the true tests of rank and equality and not color. That was a damag ing blow to these professed friends and elici ted some lively wriggling from many of their, leading papers and orators. But their last lin gering hope came suddenly to gritjf when the President s conversation find opinions as ex pressed to L teams of Massachusetts on the, inst., were made known a few days ago. The statement of the substantial fact, by the President, that as a private cit izen be would advocate the gradual intro duction of negro suffrage, places him not only beyond the pales of Democratic pro fessions, but far ahead of many good Re publicans. THE BEDFORD GAZETTE IN A NEW PRESS. —The Gazette last week made its first ap pearance in its enlarged form and new type. It is now the same size and style as the In quirer. We congratulate the editors and proprietors upon the improved ap]>earance of their paper. We hope in its improved form it will be enabled to endorse the advan ced position of the President on reconstruc tion. THE PHILADELPHIA "PRESS. "—This ex cellent journal has come out in a new dress, having adopted a quarto form. It makes a very handsome appearance and thus gives the best evidence of its good management and financial prosperity. The "Press" is one of our best newspapers and has fairly earned the high reputation it enjoys. May its future be as prosperous as this improve ment indicates it 3 past to have been. FOREIGN NEWS. It is said that Maximilian has forwarded $5,0)0,000 to Washington to "influence" Congress in favor of the recognition of the Empire. Gen. Sterling Price of Missouri, ex-Gov. I. G. Harris of Tennessee Lieut. Maury and other prominent ex-Rebels have been ap pointed Commissioners of Emigration by Maximilian's Government. Ail the French railways are to be com pelled to adopt appliances for instantaneous communication between every part of the train at the end of the present year. The French Government have officially notified the Italian cabinet that the gradual evacuation of Rome would commence im mediately. Six thousand Imperial troops have been ordered to the Rio Grande frontier. Maximilian has ordered that no vessels | be admitted into Mexican ports without pa pers from a consul of the Empire. The anniversary of Mexican independence was celebrated in El Paso the Juarez capital on the J sth and 16th inst with great enthu siasm, many American officers were pres ent. John P. Hale American minister at Mad rid, has been officially received by the Queen of Spain. The Belgian Government has protested againßt the enlistment in that country of re cruits for the Franco Mexican army. The U. 8. consul in the city of Mexico was lately refused admittance to the imperial palace on the ground that he was unknown there. Sir Frederick Bruce, English minister at Washington has been instructed to ask Mr. Seward for explanations of the Fenian move ment in America. Lady Raglan wife of the celebrated Gen eral of that name died in England on the 30th ult. A battle has taken place in Japan between the Tycoon's forces and the rebels under prince Nags too resuiiiig in great slaughter to the latter. The application of Henry A, Wise of Virginia, who declines taking the oath of al legiance, to have his property restored, has , been refused, GENERAL NEWS, RELIGIOUS. The people cf Canada observed Wednesday, Oct. 18, as a day of thanksgiving for bounti ful harvests. The American Christian Missionary Society met in Cincinnati on the 18th inst. The Bishop of Arkansas has but one Pres byter in that State. When the Convention is held a curious spectacle will be presented— the Bishop presiding, and the Presbyter acting as Secretary and Convention. The Episcopal Convention in Philadelphia has refused to pass the resolution expressive of gratitude for the restoration of the Unien, and the abolition of Slavery. LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC. Recent investigations show the genuineness of the effigies bearing Hebrew inscriptions disinterred several years ago at Newark, Ohio one of which is of Chinese workmanship. Traces of an extensive system of drainage, contemporary with the Mound Indians, have recently been discovered, indicating a higher degree of civilization than before supposed. The mounds at Quebec, Ohio, prove to .be merely the burial plaoes of the old Moravian missionaries. A new invention of the ''Lockjaw Cotton Gin," has been patented in England, and em braces important improvements. A statue of the poet Uhland was unveiled at Stuttgart, Germany, on the 21st nit., with great ceremony. A congress of steam-engine builders is to be held, ere loig, for ascertaining the relative value of the different engines in nse. In the University of Virginia 170 students hare been matriculated in the academical, 45 in the law, and 25 in the medical Depart ment. FINANCIAL. Treasury Secretary McCullocb has decided to receivs deposits in gold, and to issue in re turn for them certificates payable in gold on demand. Immense frauds in the revenue hare been discovered at Nashville, Tenn. One liquor house has defrauded the Government out of $150,000. Gov. Hamilton of Texas has notified the Treasury Department at Washington that 635 SI,OOO U. S. Texan Indemnity Bonds of 1851 with coupons attached, have been made way with by Pendleton Murrah, late Rebel Gover nor of that State, and protests against their payment by the Government. The British revenue returns for the quarter ending Sept. 30, show a diminution of £330.- 097 as compared with the corresponding quar er last year. A loan of £324,000 for the State of Massa chusetts is being subscribed in London. Postmaster-General Dennison denies that there will be an $8,000,000 deficit when the Southern mail service is resumed, and says it will be self-sustaining. The receipts of gold from California at New tYrk. for the last nine months, were $9,275,- 186, an increase of $5,688,830 over last year's receipts for the same period. The Boston imports for the week ending Oct. 6, were $1,679,775, against $860,223 for the corresponding week last year. Secretary of the Treasury McCulloch, in a recent speech at Foit Wayne, Ind., expressed his belief that, unless the next Congress pro vided for the fuudingof tbe legal-reader notes widespread bankruptcy would result. The Internal Revenue Assessors of New- England, New York, New Jersey, Pennsyl vania and Ohio are to hold a Convention on the 24th inst., at Albany, N. Y., to consider the amendment needed to the revenue laws, with the purpose of submitting them to the consideration of Congress. The number of National Banks authorized np to the 7th inst. is 1,592, with a capital of $401,000,000. The merchants of Washington are taking measures to establish a Merchants' Exchange in that city. New England pays an Internal Revenue tax of $47,552,560, of which Massachusetts pays $28,752,836. The sales of the stock and gold brokers in the city of New York for the year ending June 30, 1865, amount to $6,073,708,818, on which the Internal Revenue tax js over $3,000,000. POLITICAL. The official majority of Gov. Dillingham in Vermont is 18,716. Complete returns f.om Ohio gnre Cox 28,- 287 majority, the majority on the State ticket being 30,000. The Republicans have 13 ma jority in the Senate and 36 in the House. Negroes can vote in only six States : In Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, on the same conditions as white men; in Massachu setts, if they can read and write: in Rhode Island, if they are worth $l3O in real estate, and in New York if worth $250. In the California Legislature, elected Sept. 6, the Republicans have a majority of 26 in he Senate and 15 in the House. ' The General Assembly of Vermont conven ed at Montpelier on the 12th inst. The Tennessee Legislature, after laying on the table resolutions approving President Johnson's policy, indorsed his administration, ''especially his declaration that traitors must be punished." At the charter election in Baltimore, Md., on the 11th inst., only 7,500 votes were poll ed. All the candidates were Republicans. In lowa, the Republican ticket is elected, as follows: Governor, William M. Stone; Lieut. Governor, B. F. Gue; Judge of Supreme Court, George G. Wright; Superintendent of Public Instructions, 0. Faville. A resolution indorsing the policy of Presi dent Johnson was defeated in the Tennessee Legislature on the 10& inst., by a vote of 35 to 29, on account of his leniency to Rebels. LEGAL. The Court of Appeals of New-York State has decided that shares in National banks are taxable, although the capital is invested in Government bonds. It has been decided that boys under eighteen cannot be enlisted in the regular army without their parents consent. George Cook, a colored man appeared in in the court at Norfolk, Va., lately, as counsel but was not allowed to act as such without a State and city license, although he had a Uni ted States license. A suit has just been brought, in New York, against Gen. Ortega, Vice-President of the Mexican Republic, by Col. W. H. Allen, who claims recompense for services in recruiting men for Mexico. Gen. Ortega denies the whole matter. Geo. W. Gale, author of the advertisement soliciting the contribution of $1,000,000, with which to purchase the assassination of Pres ident Lincoln has been transferred, by the President'l order, to an Alabama civil court for trial. The Rev- Thos. J. Greenwood has been nominated by the Democracy of the Sixth (Mass.) District, to run against Gen. Banks. Wendell Phillipps; in a lecture in Boston re cently, on "The South Victorious,'" charged President Johnson with being "three-quarters Rebel in order that the Rebels might be one quarter Union,and declared the Republican party to be a thing of the past. In a speech in Boston, on the 17th inst., Gen. Banks strongly advocated granting the suffrage to the colored men of the South. In Washington, 6,000 colored persons have signed a petition asking for equal suffrage. A large mass meeting of the Demot jay of New York was held in that city on the 17th inst. Speeches were made by Montgomery Blair, John Van Buren and Gen. Slocum, in dorsing President Johnson, denouncing negro suffrage, and advocating the enforcement of the Monroe Doctrine in Mexico. Partial returns from the Virginia Congress ional Election, held on the 12thinst., indicate the success of a majority of firm Union men. The amendment removing the disability to hold office from prominent Rebels is adopted. SOUTHERN NEWS. The President on the 11 th released on pa role the following late Rebel officials : Alex. H. Stephens, Vice-President ; George A. Trenholm, Sectary of the Treasury; John H. Reagan, postmaster-Genera!; John A. Campbell, Assistant-Secretary of War; Gov Clark of Mississippi. The members of the South Carolina Con vention have been pardoned. Gov. Borman of West Virginia has or dered the arrest of certain seditious persons in Jefferson county who persist in electing delegates to the "Old" Virginia Assembly, claiming that the county belongs to that State. Women have a "haid" time in Nashville, Tenn. Scarcely a day passes in which the Recorder does not impose a fine on half a dozen men for beating females. The brutes are fined $50 —the extent of the law. In Georgia the Freedman's Bureau is making every effort to provide the Freed men with work' and no rations are to be al lowed those who refuse an opportunity to labor, nor will they be allowed to remain in the cities during the Winter. Texas is rapidly regaining her former pros perity. Civil authority is assuming control, post-offices are being opened, and general confidence is felt in Gov. Hamilton. The Texas press disapprove of the recent ly-published letter of Mr. Reagan, favoring negro suffrage. Gen. Humphreys was inaugurated Gov ernor of Mississippi on the lfith inst. The habeas corpus is still suspended in Kentucky in military and naval eases, al though civil law has in other matters been restored. The North Carolina Convention has laid on the table the resolution prohibiting the assumption of the Rebel State debt. The reply of President Johnson to the South Carolina Delegation indicates that Jeff. Davis will be tried for treason, but that he may be pardoned after conviction. Railway communication from Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee, via Knoxville, Lynchburg, and Alexandria, is now complete with the North, and freights are very mod erate. The teacherjof the colored school at Green ville, Tenn., was forced to leave by the citi zens as soon as the United States troops were withdrawn. All persons in Kast Tennessee, who have been arrested by the civil authorities for acts committed by them while in the Feder al army, have been ordered to be released. The negroes of Alexandria, Va., have built 1.200 dwellings during the last four years, and contributed $5,000 for religious and educational purposes. After the passage of bills by the different States protecting the negroes, all matters connected with their civil status will be ta ken from the cootrol of the Freedman's Bu reau. The President has received a petition signed by 5,000 Georgian women, praying for the release of Jeff. Davis. The residents of Prince William comity, Va., have petitioned that the U. 15. troops may not be withdrawn. The Freedmen's Bureau of Louisiana ha i notified the negroes of that State that unless they show themselves disposed to labor they will receive no assistance from the Govern ment. The Mississippi Legislature on the 18th insL ordered the Stars and Stripes to be placed over the State capital. It was strong ly opposed by some members. The Tennessee Legislature has authorized the admission of negro testimony in the courts. The North Carolina Convention has deci ded to submit to the people the ordinances forever prohibiting Slavery, and declaring Secession null and void. The Spanish fleet is on its way to Chili to enforce the indemnity demands caused by the refusal to allow her fleet to coal in chi. lian ports during the Peruvian troubles. The Congress of Columbia has declared President Juarez "the greatest citizen in America," and ordered that his portrait should be placed in the national capitol The instructions of Secretary Seward to Minister Adams demaudiug the Confederate cotton that reached England in the Proleau, and repudiating the rebel debt are just now much commented on by the English press. In South America a battle took place on Aug. 17, at Yatay on the Uruguay River, between 3,400 Paraguayans and 8,500 of the allied forces of Brazil Uruguay and Argen tine. The Paraguayans were badly beaten, losing 1,500 killed 300 wounded and 1,200 prisoners among them Durate their leader. Seven thousand Paraguayans across the river were prevented by the Brazilian gunboats from reinforcing Durate and at last dates were surrounded at Uruguayans. A hurricane swept over Cuba during the first week of October putting a complete stop to business and destroying much pro perty and several lives. In iiayti the rebels have captured the only steamer which president Geffrard had to enforce the blockade of the rebel |torts and matters generally are unfavorable tj the Government. The cattle plague is increasing in England and Ireland and now attack® cows, sheep, horses and dogs. DOMESTIC NEWS. The Wirz trial, adjourned from the 7th, was resumed on the 11 th inst letters writ ten by Wirz to his superior officer have been read, requesting that measures might be ta ken to relieve the sufferings of the I nion prisoners under his charge. Edwin Booth was married on the sth inst. to a daughter of Mr. Jules Hauel of Phila delphia. A number of English detectives have lately arrived in this country, to keep an eye on the Fenians and report their movements to the British Government. Over 150 vessels are engaged in the her ring-fisheries off Portland, Me., and 50,000 barrels have already been taken. Valuable veins of gold and an abundance of iron ore have been discovered near Lake Vermillion, Minnesota. There are only seven prisoners in the Old Capitol at Washington, and among them arc Wirz and Briseoc. Two vessels are fitting up at the Washing ton navy yard to escort the ram Stonewall from Havana. Dr. Mc Cook ofSteubcnville, Ohio, father of two generals and one naval officer and uncle of four more generals of the same name died in Washington on the 11 th inst. Application was made to the Frecdmen's bureau at Washington on the Ilith for -FX) colored men to go to Michigan to work on a railroad. A CONVERSATION WITH PRESI DENT JOHNSON. Ilis Policy on Reconstruction—Views on Negro Suffrage. MKDFORD, Mass., Oct. 8. —My Dear Sir; —I was so much impressed with our conver sation of last Tuesday that I returned im mediately to my room and wrote down such of the points iuade as I could remember, and having pondered them all the way home, am to-dav, more than ever, convinced that, if corrected by you and returned to me for either public or private use, it will go far to promote a good understanding between you and our leading men. It will also unite the public mind in favor of your plan, so far at least as you would carry it out without modification. You are aware that I do not associate with men in political life, but rather with those who, representing the advanced moral sense of the country, earnestly labor for the good of our people, without hope of or even de sire for office or other immediate reward. The latter class desire earnestly to under stand your plans, and, if possible, support your administration. I tKmk the publication of your process of reconstruction, with the reasons for your faith in it, will commend itself to their can did judgment, and, as I told you, inspire our whole Northern people with confidence in vour administration. The report is meagre and unsatisfactory, but I think it conveys, for the most part the spirit of our conversation. Therefore, although the whole tenor of your words led me to believe it was not intended to be kept private, I have refrained from answering the B}>ecific inquiries of anxious friends, whom 1 met ou my way home, lest I might, in some way, leave a wrong impression op tneir minds. Truly, your friend, GEORGE L. STEARNS. The President of the United States. WASHINGTON, D. C., October 3, 11} A. M. —I have just returned from an interview with President Johnson, in which he talked an huui on die uiuwsnuf iccuuatruction of KebelStates. His manner was as cordi al, and his conversation as free, as in 1863, when I met him daily in Nashville. His countenance is healthy, even more so than when I first knew him. I remarked that the people of the North were anxious that the process of reconstruc tion should lie thorough, and they wished to support him, in the .arduous work ; but their ideas were confused by the conflicting reports constantly circulated, and especially by the present position of the Democratic party. It is industriously circulated in the Democratic Clubs that ho. was going over to them. He laughingly replied, "Major, have you never known a man who, for many years, had differed from your views because vou were in advance of him, claim them as hisuwn when he came up to your stand point?" I replied, I have often. He said, So have I, and went on:—The Democratic party finds its old position untenable, and is com ing to ours; if it has come up to our posi tion, lam glad of it. You and I need no preparation for this conversation; we caD talk freely on the subject, for the thousrhts am fatmlipr to us; we can De perfectly Franß with each other. He then commenced with saying that the States are in the Union, which is whole and undivisable. individuals tried to carry them out, but did not succeed, as a man may try to cut his throat and be prevented by the bystanders; and you cannot say he cut his throat because he tried to do it. Individuals may commit treason, and be punished, and a large number of individu als may constitute a rebellion and be pun ished as traitors. Some States tried to get out of the Uttion, and we opposed it honest ly, because we believed it to be wrong; and wc have svcceeded in putting down the Re bellion. Th© power of those persons who made the attempt has been crushed, and now we want to reconstruct the State Gov ernments and have the power to do it. The State institutions are prostrated, laid out on the ground, and they must be taken up and adapted to the progress of events; this can not be doue in a moment We are making very rapid progress, so rapid I sometimes cannot realize it; it appears like a dream. We must not be in too much of a hurry; it is better to let them reconstruct themselves than to force them to it; for if they go wrong, the power is in our hands, and we can check them at any stage, to the end, and oblige them to correct their errors; we must be patient with them. I did not expect to keep out all who were excluded from the Amnesty, or even a large number of them, but I intended they should sue for pardon, and so realize the enormity of the crime they had committed. You could not have broached the subject of equal suffrage at the North seven years ago, and we must remember that the chan ges at the South have been more rapid, and they have been obliged to accept more un palatable truth than the North has; wemust give them time to digest a part, for we can not expect such large affairs will be compre hended and digested at once. We must give them time to understand their new po sition. 1 have nothing to conceal in these mat ters. and have no desire or willingness to take indirect courses to obtain what we want. Our Government is a grand and lofty structure; in searchiug for its foundation we find it rests on the broad Itasis of popular rights. The elective franchise is not a nat ural right but a political right. I am op l>osed to giving the States too much power, and also too great a consolidation of power in the Central Government If L interfered with the vote in the Rebel States, to dictate that the negro shall vote, I might do the same thing for my own pur poses in Pennsylvania. Our only safety lies in allowing each State to control ths Rebel States if they go wrong. If they re bel, we have the army, andean control them by it, and, if necessary, ty legislation also. 1 I lie General Government controls the right to rote in the States, it may establish such rules as wU s restrict the vote to a small nututier of arsons, and thus create a cen tral despoti- m. My pontic.a here is different from what it would be if 1 was in Tennessee. There I should try to introduce negro suf frage gradually; first those who have served in the army: then those who could read and write and perhaps a proper qualification fen others, say S2OO or $250. There was a time in the Southern States when the slaves of large owners looked down upon non-slave owners because they did not own slaves; the larger the number of slaves their masters owned, the prouder they were, and this has produced hostility between the mass of the whites and the ne groes. The outrages are mostly from non slaveholding whites against the negro, and from the negro upon tne non-slaveholding whites. The negro will vote with the late master, whom he docs not hate, rather than with the non-slaveholding white whom he does hate. Universal suffrage would create an other war, not against us, but a war of races. Another thing. This Government is the freest and best on the earth, and I feel sure it is destined to last; but to secure this we must elevate the ballot, I for many years contended at the South that slavery was a political weaknes, but others said it was jo --litical strength; they thought we gained three-fifths representation by it; I contend ed that we lost two-fifths. If we had no slaves, we should have had twelve Representatives more, according to the theu representation. Congress appor tions representation bv States, not districts, and the State apportions by districts. Many years ago, I moved in the Legisla ture that the apportionment of Representa tives to Congress, in Tennessee, should be by ouaiified voters. The apportionment is.now fixed until 1872; before that time we might change the basis of representation from population to quali fied voters, .North as well as South, and in due course of time the States, without re gard to color, might extend the elective Franchise to all who possessed certain men tal, moral, or such other qualifications as might be determined by an enlightened pub lic judgment. Boston, Oct. IS, 1865.—The above re port was returned to me by President John son, with the following endorsement. GEORGE L. STEARNS. I HAVE HEAD THE WITHIN COMMUNICA TION, AM) FIND IT SUBSTANTIALLY CORRECT. 1 HAVE MADE SOME VERBAL ALTERA TIONS. (Signed.) A. J. MEXICO. An important report favorable to the Liberals.—An Austrian Force, 1,000 Strong, Defeated. WASHINGTON, Oct. 17. b rom semi-official intelligence just received here from Mexico, it appears that more than one thousand Austrian troops left Jalapa and Perote to surprise a force under tne command of the Liberal General, Alatowe, but instead of succeeding in it, they were themselves surprised, and most completely beaten by their enemies, leaving in their hands six hundred prisoners and their artil lery, consisting of five cannon, in fact every thing. Of the other four hundred, thev were killed, wounded or scattered. In Guadalajara, on the occasion of a trial for the abuse of the press, the people uiade a great demonstration of republicanism. More than a thousand persons by vocifera tion obliged the public accuser to be silent, and took out of tne court the accused and the counsel for the defence, bearing them in tri umph all over the city, where large crowds joined them in feasting the accused, whose alleged crime consisted in attacking the Em pire- Tn the fetate of Oajaea the Liberal upris ing is general, including all the Huasteca, the coast of Tehauntepec and adjacent ter ritories. General Diaz, who, it is known, made his escajKi from Pnebla, where he was kept a prisoner in jail by the French is now at the head of the insurrection in Oajaca. The fact of his being one of the bravest and most enterprising generals among the Liberals, gives to the movement in that btate where his influence is paramount, an importance which the Imperialists cannot any longer conceal. The Republicans now hold the States of Tabasca and Chiapas, a very large portion of Oajaca, part ofPueblaand Vera Cruz, all that is designated as the South which com prises the State of Guerrero now excepting Acapuico and the Huestcca; nearly, if not quite, all of Tamaulipas, one part of San Luis,chiefly Yalle del Matz. and the districts of \ cuado Jxjon and Coahuila, excepting their capitals; something of Durangon, Chi huahua, and Sinoloa, and nearly the entire district of Michoacan, &o. of guerrillas swarming in Jalisco, ijohina, Zieceteeas and Suana Luato, without men tioning the Tierra Calieote. In the State of Mexico, in Juaratero and Tallas they hav; the daring guerrillas, Ugalde and Fragosee who with one thousand well mounted men, are everywhere, and always stronger when they are represented as destroyed. SOUTH AMERICA. The War in South America—Terrible Battle andDcfeatof the Paraguayans. NEW YORK. October IY.—The war in South America has commenced in real earn est. The Herald's correspondent and news paper files giving details of the recent battle at Hayti show the sanguinary character which the struggle is likely to assume. On the 17th of August the allied forces, 8,500 strong, under Gens. B. Flores, and Pannes, encountered 1,400 Paraguayans under Ma jor Duortc on the right bank of the Urua guay river. The Paraguayans were unpro vided with artillery, and outnumbered two to one. A summons was sent them to sur render, but they replied by shooting the messenger. For one hour and a half the Paraguayans met the tierce assaults of the allies with a desperate resistance, neither asking nor receiving the quarter which their assailants were little disposed to give them. At the end of that time they broke a/id fled to the river pursued by four thousand cav alry. Here a slaughter took place which one ot the victorious Generals characterizes as a regular butchery. Scarcely one of the defeated army escaped. They left fourteen hundred dead on the field and only three hundred wounded, a conclusive proof of the fearful nature of the struggle. lead er, Doorte. and some of his troojys, fell in to the hands of the Brazilians, and all their stores were captured. The allies |stated their loss at only 250 killed and wounded. Another detachment of Paraguayans, one thousand strong, on the other side of the river, was prevented by the Brazilian gunboats trom reinforcing Dnorte, and at last dates they were securely hemmed in at Uriguayria by an immensely superior force. As a set-off against these successes, an en- I gagement is reported between the Paraguay an batteries and the Brazilian fleet, in which the latter was severely handled. Following the example so successfully set during our war, the Paraguayans had constructed bat teries along the Parana River to prevent the return of the fleet. In running past these batteries the fleet suffered much damage. Further battles of an equally importantehar aoter were daily expected. Judge Pearl of Whitby County, Ky., re cently ordered a blaek woman, the wire of a aoldier, to bo Hold as a l*ve. The New-England fnotorie* are running night and day, and are unable to obtain sut lieiniu ofkHwtM. Correspondence. CRKKK, p A _ . . October is. IHBS MKSSRS. EDITORS: In udditioa to the suggestions coneerni.. the turnpike road from Pattonsville to Hop * well as published in your issue of the li „ tost. I have a few items yet to bring to p,, notice of your readers, that may probably h,. an incentive to action in the matter consideration. The large seope of coal lands belonging ~, Lane's heirs lying on Sandy R, ln j„ t)w jm " mediate vicinity of Hopewell is soon to p a ., into other hands, who will at once begin t 0 develope its vast coal veins, which will r ei) „i r( ! a multitude of workmen at the highest w ii?( >, and consequently must create a heavy do' mand for produce, at the highest rates whir l, if not supplied by the iurrouttdinff country must be furnished through some other chan net? and if the producer at home can supply the market with the necessary articles it , s obvious that they will always have the privi lege of doing so, sooner than that the consu mer should draw upon any foreign source- Should there at any time be a superabundance of produce in the country the producer can forward from Hopewell by Rail Road at equally as low rates as from any other poini I have been informed by Col. J. F. Lowrr and other business men at Hopewell, that the President and Superintendent of thellu n . tingdon and Broad Top Rail Road has gi ven assurances that articles of commerce will b? carried over that road to Huntingdon at ail times as low and perhaps lower than by the Pennsylvania Rail Road. Why not then make Hopevell the point for transportation, when it thus can be done to greater advantage than at Hollidaysbarg, and why not hare 8 good road to convey it to Hopewell when it can be made so easily an 1 with so little ex pense as enumerated in my first letter. A very commendable plan for the construction of a road has been suggested by a gentleman (formerly of Blair county, now, one of the partners of the firm of lajwry, Eichelberger & Co. at Hopewell) which he has had the kindness to submit in writing and has handed me in connection with this communication. "In Morris township. Huntingdon count; some years since, the road from Water Street on the turnpike road leading from Harriibirg to Pittsburg, to the mouth of Spruce Creek three miles was a very bad one and a great expense to the township to keep it in repair. The citizens of the township of Morris peti tioned the Legislature for an act of incorpo ration for a turnpike: the supervisors then In consent of the citizens subscribed the greater portion of the stock and laid a tax on the township for it. The result was that when the turnpike was completed, instead of its being a great expense and trouble to the citi zens and always a bad road: it was a good road and a source of revenue to the township nearly sufficient to keep ail the balance of the roads in the township in repair. The above can be substantiated by any of the heavy tax paying citizens 5f said town ship, or by the Superintendent of the road. John S. Isett, Esq. at Spruce Creek.'' By adopting the above plan, these would be no difficulty in getting a sufficient amount subscribed in a very short time to make the road. Mr. Aaron the present proprietor of the valuable Pattonsville Property, Hon J. B. Noble. J. Shoenfelt, Esq., J. Mentzer. Esq.. and other mill owners in Morrison's Cove, and J. Steel and George W ishart on Yellow Creek whose flouring mills aredoinga very ex tensive business, and the firm of Lowry,Eich elberger & Co. at Hopewell would subscribe largely becanse these gentlemen are, or ought to be greatly interested in such an improve ment seeing that it would be much to their advantage. Besides, there are farmers along the route, who have promised to subscribe as much stock as will make the road through their farms, and one thrifty farmer, (Henry Clapper) has possessions nearly a mile long on this ronte, and has promised to furnish funds sufficient for that distance. There are many other farmers and business men in Morrison's. Cove who have constant cmmunication with Hopewell, that would be glad o have an opportunity of subscribing to so laudable an enterprise. Let a meeting for the purpose Ire appointed at Pattonsville at an early day to take the matter intc^cor^g^er FROM GEORGIA. Cheering reports—The union county tick ets generally Successful. NEW YORK, Oct. IT. Advices from Savannah to the 12th state that the Constitutional Union ticket is re ceiving large majorities in nearly every county in South western Georgia. The steamers Idaho and Leo have arrived from Savannah. The H< ralil says that at no time in the past ten years has there been more activity among the shipping and iu trade generally than at present. The /xm/Wpublishes a circular from Gen- Tillson, setting forth certain rules for the government of freedmon, Ac. They are in formed that they will not Le subsisted in idleness by the Government, and the white? are assured that they will be held to good faith in their contracts with the freediiien. Five New York roughs, who robled a pass enger on the way to Atlanta, were summarily sent to prison the day alter their arrival, for a term of six months. War Debt ol'Southern States -Views nf President Johnson. NEW YORK, Oct. 21. — -Thctol owing is the dispatch sent by President Johnson to Gov ernor Holden, WASHINGTON CITY, Oct. IMII, 1860. W. W. Hidden Provisional liovernor?- Every dollar of the State debt created to aid the rebellion against the United States, should be repudiated finally and forever. The great mass of the people should not be taxed to pay a debt to aid in carry ing on a rebellion which they in lact if lctt to them selves were opposed to. Let those who have given their means for the obligation! of the State, look to that power the)' tried to establish in violation of law, Constitution and will of the people. They must meet their fate. It s their misfortune, and can not be recognized by the people of any State professing themselves loyal to the Govern ment of the United States, and in tiie 1 nion. I repeat that the loyal people of North Car olina should be exonerated front the pay ment of every dollar of indebtedness crea ted to aid in carrying on rebellion I trust and hope that the people of North Caroli na will wash their hands of everything 'ha l pertains in the slightest degree to the rebel lion which has been so recent'y crashed by the strong aim of the Government, and carry out the obligations imj>osed by the Constitu tion of the Union. (Signed,) ANDREW JOHNSON, President of the United States A treaty, which has been in abeyance lor two years, was concluded on the 20th urn with the Osage Indians, by which that tribe relinquishes claim to over 2,000,000 acre# ot land in Kansas, which will now ba {bro wn open to white settlers.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers