— —— — ——^ *ras«7 [No. U of Vol. IV.]. P X I C E C £7 * X £If f. Oil, pr qafi; 4 jO JOAKTII*.-Dollars 100 Cent* eiich. Sweet, bej},' ii> ftaflu.pr.box ' 1050 1 Ditto baskets, 12 bottles 5 PHILADELPHIA, March 27. Spermaceti pf. gall. 48 . ——Tr>ii» 44 2; ADtls. Os. Dlh.Qy. —Whale .25 33 N'CHORS pr.Jb. 7 JO Porter B r..c ? flt, , J-33 Alioen, EtiglUh, pf.cwfc 4 33- rJLQndon> flr.do*. 1 Ditto, Roch Jw; lb. 11 ——American ditto bot.ihct. > 4.•if 160 Ashes, pot, ptrtoo, 120 Pitch, ' pr. bbl, 173 •'2 — i -Pearl,. 137. 140 7 Pork, Burtftigion, per barrel, 1067' Arrack pr. gall. 1 M I>6 -Lowe* c9unty 10 Brandy, common, 80 85 ———Carolina . ■ 9 —Coniac go too Peas, Albany pr. btifhel 73 Brasilettp, pr.ton. 32 34 Pepper, pr. Ib.' 38 Bricks, pr. M. 4 7 Piment<i >9 Bread, Ajip p r . cwt. *.7 Raifini, b&, pK « - 633 Ditto, pilut 367 Dm o »r i*» 2 _ Ditto, small water, per keg 36 4° Ditto pnbox 233 Beer, American', in battles, Rlce p s pr.doq,bottles included, * J° Rof.o pr. banel" 278 Ditto Rr J ; . * pj. Rum' 'gallon , .2 Boards pedar • gr. M feet, 29 . AtLigtfi 6 WEVtgland , S 14. W<«3w,r<» -86 '< BaVbafofa -Merchantable pme 20 2 4 Country, N. E. 60 ■ "■" 'Sap, • <io. 1.9- *3 Mahogany, per foot »© ® a }J P.«tre,pr,Cs»t, '4.33 The above arc the (hallop prices, \ raa P r ; V°, a for the yard price, add i dol- 5^ ot - ditto l *4 l ( . J ar 33 cents per 1000. Steel, German pklb. ; 9 Brimßone in rolls, pr.cwt. ««7 English.blistered, I". cwt. **, 9 "J if — Country d,tt 9 8, f, Snake robt t o' 4 2. —-Frtth, per cwt. 333 4 Soap, Brown per lb. 6| B « W " ,P r " ' b - —White ? 7~Jr ,u 10 —rCaftilc Csodlesj Sperm, pr. lb. 47 St ar C fi 7 ~, 53 f Snuff pr. do'i.'bof. 1 ; 4" 560' YJ.t e Wax 3 Spermaceti, refined." pr.'lb'. 48 Mould, tallow >• „ r „ , .. <- J — Dipped I, Sailcloth,Erjgfifh,No.i,pr. yard, 28 Cheel'c, £nglilh, pr: lb. >9 Boston, No. I. ditto 3° —vfquntry 8; >3 r, ~——— No. 11. *9. *8 20 S ar Lump, pr. lb 2 4 Cinnamon a 40 2 67 —Trl-oaf, finglp refined 2 4 Cloves > .33 Ditto, double do. 33; Coroapr. cwt. J7 " Hjvannah, white »7 18 Qofljie' pr. lb. 15 »j -Ditto,4>rown, xx '2 T pr.. buthel 24 33 Muscovado, pr. cwt. 13 15! Copperas pr.cwt. j Oj SpirtlsTurgentine 37 ; Cncdagtv American, per cwt. ■% &7 8 ; Salt, Aflurn pr. bulhel 33 Cotton pr. - rr sr Liverpool 33 Currants 14 —Cadii '* , Duckjßunia,' pr. piece > U 33 Lilbon 2 ? -JvrrKayftijs •> - 9 67 Ship build. W. O. frame* p.tOH, >5" fail dfck, <8 so Ditto Lvt.Qpi., , ~.18 67 I Feathers pr. lb. 48 Ditto red cedar, per foot 33 40 * Flax ditto it j» Shingles,>B inch, per M. 333 3"7 Fiaxfied pV. byfti. . 90 o Ditto 2 feet, • 533 6 Flour, Superfine pr.barrel 4 75 Ditto 3'feet. dressed, 13 15 ■... Common, : 5 5° ® tavel > Pipe Pfr -r-rßtu: middlings, beh 447 White Oak h»gfoe»d, *0 33 —Meal, Indian 3 13 —~Red Pak do. 50 ditto Rye,' 3 13 leogan *« 33 —*—-Ship-ftuff pr. cwt. t 40 Barrel 16 Fullic pr. tou, 40 —"—Heading . »5,33 Oin,\ Holland, pr. cafe, fi6 Sk,ns Ouer, best pr. p ie« 4^7 ■Do. pr.g,U. 8= 9° FV>x grey £ lo Sn'' ' ''lh " "33 red i»0 wh,c r ß c f , per lb. 7 , 20 33 367 *"*• 3: " 1" , k ' i s (*rain,~ Wheat pr. bulK 17 127 tw/ * # si 140 Mi—Rye 60 Deet,in hair »© go si Oats Tar,N-.Jerfey, 24'galijl. bbl. f corn ,60 Carolina, 32 gall. 2 —r-BarJey > ... ■ 1 1 3 Turpentine pr. bbl. »33 — Befl rfielied pr. Ib. 7 Tobscco, J. River, best loolb. 4.33 -Buckwheat, per bulh. 40 inferior » 303 Hemp, imported, pr. ton, »Vo —Rappahannock t I Herr.ugvpr.'bb'l. 4 3 5 Col oared Maryland, 533 8 Hide, g rtw p ,ib: 9 " — > d *l Nn n,i a u A \jf Eaftern-(]aore t ; 1, Hoglbead hoops, pr. M., , 5 Carolinafnew , y 3 ® Indigo, French per lb, j*o 153 — old, 3' 33 — Carolina 1 120 Tea, Hyson pr. lb. 93 x2B Iroiw, fad pr. ton, ,33 33 Hyson „ 60 lion, Caftiogs pr. cwt. 3 4 Souchong, tp q 3 ar pr.ton, 8533 Congo, 43 5 o P'g *4 *6 67 Bohea, 33 36 S l ".'' >73 33 Tallow, refined, per lb. , , a -—Nail rods 106 6j Tin pr. box, 1333 "1367 Lard,' ho P g. C p"'ib. 4 9 5.0 Veidjgre.fe pr lb. 47 53 Lead, in pig, P r. cwt. c3f 567 „ " '33 >67 in barf 43 7 Varn.m, |Ser gallon 33 37 '■white !0 tt? 67 Wax.Bres pr.lb-. 25 27' red 6 40 ( 6; Whale-bone, long pr.lb. 13 30 Leather, foal, pr. lb. 17 20 Wine, Madeira, pr. pipe, 176 a»6 kignumvtt* pr.ton, 560 6 —tilbon ,»o .26 i.ogwood 8° »—Tciwriffe.pr. gallon 63 Mace pr. lb. q Flval ' r 6 J Mackarcl, best pr. bbl. » Port pr. pipe 03 4 . -- f«cmid quality $ 4 ——Dilio in bottles, pr.doi. 4 Madder, best pr. lb. 20 Claret it Marble, Wrought,pr foot, 533 367 Sherry pr.gall. do ».,o v'lfc" diM ° « Malaga .77 so MoJaffei pr. rail. 4 1 47 Milliard oer lb o_ ' * r pc.d« 2 . i,o COURSE Of LXCHAKQE, V'aiij,«j. loi , l%d lodt pr tb> 10 On London, at 30 days, per £ .100 Oerl. 436 . Nutmegs p T . lb., 7 8 ———at 60 day. 4*«f: J ' >r * **" 66 Amsterdam, 60 days, pr. guilder, *** 37 ,T * ' 87 90 days, 35 A NATIONAL P'APBk, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOH, Wednesday, March 27, 1795. 34 1 NNO, No. 34, NOPTH FIFT CONGRESS. • HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES. FRIDAY,' March r. ' In committee of the whole, Mr. MuHlenberg < ' in the chair, on the 3d, 4th, stb, 6th, 7th, and Bth refolntions, refpefting the offidaf cinduft of the Secretary of the Treasury, 1 for which fee Gazette of the 6th inft. J ( (Mr. Madison'j Speech concluded.) T'HE other attempt to elude the. erideilcf . before the Comntittjgjecoiled with eqvtal . fiSrt? 011 the gentlemen wlio bad hazardedit. In the report lately made by the trnfteesof i the linking fund, is a statement laid befire ■ them by the Secretary, in which it is noted, that the acceptance of-the loan of three mil •< li«»as of florins, and the application, of one third of it to ftie purpose of that fund,'was , un<ier the cogfide ration of the President." From thlsYaft it bad been interred, not on ly that the secretary had withheld no proper iiifu-ination from the tfuftees, but that the rciilt of the President's deliberations on the • fubteft bad varied the purpose lighMi&d by his $riit iuftruftioos to the secretary. Jt happened however 1110 ft unfortunately for the gentlemen'who exulted in this argu ment, that they had entirely overlooked the dates of the two papers. The paper laid be fore the trustees, and alledged to have explain ed the final purpose of the President, was dat ed on the 2jth of August, 1790. The paper relied on by the othef fide, as ' js final, as* well as the mpft formal, deflgnation of tiie will of the President, was dated the 28th of Augnft, 1713- The gentlemen, therefore, instead of the inference they had made, should have re versed their premises, and joined' with their j opponents in concluding that the Prefideni j was a consideration of the fubjeft, Hot to do what the secretary in his note to thd trustees feeined to anticipate, but whai had ■ been evinced by the President's own' ast of posterior date. Much has been said on the necessity of , foroetimes.departing from.the ftriftnefs of le _ gal appropriations, as a plea for anyfre?doins that/may have been taken with them' by the secretary. He would not deny that there • W emergencies, in 'the cburß of human ■affairs, tjf To extraordinary artd preffing-a na ture, as to absolve the executive frorii an in flexible conformity to thc of the r law. It was, nevertheless, as efTential to re member, aS it was obvious to that in ail such cases, the necessity should be pal pable ; that the executive fanftjon should flow from the supreme source ; and that the 1 firfl opportunity should be feiztd for commu nicating to the (jSgifiature the measures pur- I'ued, with the reafqos explaining the necessity of fhem. Th|s early communication was e qutlly enfotcid by prudence and by duty. It was the best evidence o'f th£ motive's for as suming the extraordinary pbwer ; it was a due to the legi/iative au thority ; if was more particularly indis pensable, as tfcit.alofle would enable the legis lature, by a provident amendment of the law,' to accommodate it to like emergencies in fu we. , , In tlie proceedings falling under theprerent enquiry, no necessity appeared for the liber ties which had b?en taken, the money appro priated in Eprope being tfiore wanted there' than at home. It appeared that the jnftruc tions of the Supreme Executive.' iiifteVd of. varranting thofi; libertiesj had precluded; iiem. Nor had the proper explanations 6een Jifclofed in duwtime to the legislature. . To place the fi»bjeft.in a morf tfiftiiift point' of view, it wasproper toadv'ext to the mtborities and. duties.of* the £-cre r tary, as his' afSce is defined'by the ast establishing the 1 trpaiury department. For this pnrpofe Mr. M..read the second feftion of that ast, which' is in the words following—" That it stall be the duty of ,the ftcretnry of the treasury to idifeft and prepare plans for the improvement < iivd management of the revenue, and fur the support of public credit ; to prepare and're pott eflimate's of the public revenue, arid the public.expenditures ; io fupti intend the colUOion tjtherevenue ; t.o decide on Jlje. fprms of keep ing and stating accmiotsandmaking returns, and to grant under the limitations herein ef tabli'lbed, or to be hereafter provided,'all war rants for monies/o ft ijfued from ike treasury, in pnrfuance of appropriations by law.; to cx , ecu re fycb fervit^s.relative to the.sale <jf the lands belonging to .the'limited States,, a j may be By law retjulredl' of him { jo make 1 and give information to either branch of the in person" or in writing (as he may be required) refpefting all matters re ferred to him by the Senate or House of Re prerentativ«s, p)T which fbaU appertain to.hu office ; and generally to perfprm ajl fuchfer vices relative to,Jthe finances, as he shall be directed to perform." ' * , This eftaMifhment of the office, evidently had no reference beyond the cafe of fuperift tending the regular and ordinary cotitctim of tie reunite, and granting warrants for mpnies i/fueifriru the treafurj, in parfuamre of appro prlattoas by law. AEST, [Whole No. 408.] f The cafe of loans, as an ocoafional and ev '/''aarclinary resource, waj left to be provided ,/or by particular laws for the purpoie. The Authority with refpeft to the loans in guefli on was accordingly committed to the i'refi- I dent, in order to secure for so special a trnft, the higlieft refponiibilityjto he found in the government. And .when it was conljdej ed that the whole fun> contemplated wkis no lets than fourteen millions of dollars; and wLen the latitude as to the terms and contracts was combined with the vaftnefs of the futn ; it might well be questioned whether so great a power would have been delegated to any man in whom the legiflaturc and the people of America, lels confidence than they so j nit ty reposed in the existing chief magiflrate; and whether an equal power will ever be coii.- nrtte;! to a successor. This diftfnftion between the cafe of ordina nary revenue and that of loans, is. not only consonant to the a<ftual policy of our Jaws, but is foiinded in'obvious and solid ccnfifleja tious. In the collection and dilburlVment of the ordiiiary revenues arising from taxation',' the bufiriefs flows in official channels; is fubjeft lii every stage to official checks ; and the mo ney being w constant influx and effl'uxj 1:0 where accumulates in imjnenje fumj. Tj'he ca(e o*"loans is in ail thele pefpefts different. In fettling the'tcirps and arrang ing the negotiations, ther&'jii aj\yays aii im portant discretion involyecf. the loans are foreign as well as great, regulations con cerning the bills offexchangefjfiti'ailower oc caiop where great latitude is implied in the trull. Whilst the the funis fall ing under the fame direction at tlie firne jho ment, prelent a fur thffr and material variance between the; two cases. The tendency of thele obfervatiofls, j s t to (hew, that as thi permanent law qlfablifhir.g the treafurv t does not extend the authority of the secretary to,the cafe of ; loanr, and as the law authorizing loans, exaftSj for special reasons, a refponfibijity from the pre sident himfeTf, the authority of the secretary in executing the loans and the appropriation of them, rnuft be derived from the JPrefideiit; and, cotifequently where the autliiotJty fajls, there pan be no resort, to the law eitablifliing . much Id's tp any general Hif cretion incident to his official charaffer. Jtr is,evident,- that the President, although no doubt guided by the molt proper confiderati ons'in employing the agency of the fee etai y of the treafuryin the bufineisof the loans, might, if lie forjudged fit, Ijave fubfiitiited the agency of another ; and that whatcyer agency he might prefer, his own inftru<stions would always regulate the extent and exfirciia of the power conferred, , ,Tbe want.of any apparent authority from the President had led several gentlemen to in , fift on presumed authorities, fuperce|ding the inftruvTi.ons joined with the (jommiifion to the secretary : But here again the fair inference was to bp revcrfed. A communication of tie authorities given by the President to the se cretary as,lto tVie application of the foreign loans,had been expreftly requested by.the vote of the house. It was not to Be fpppofed that the secretary, if he-had received furtjier au , thorities or iiiftruftions would,have faile«£to . produce tjhenl, or to ,refer to, them, in the jus tification of his eondjnft. Far leis could it be r presumed that the President, if he had given any fuperceding authorities or inflruoions, would not have caul'ed them to be coiujmuii -1 cated to the house ; or that he wpuld have fuffered a partial communication to iniflead the houle into an error, as tofo important a fh<st. The President was the last man in (he world to whom any measure whatever of a deceptive tendency Could be credibly attfi'ibut- ~ve tei. Thus far, said Mr. Madison, bis obfervi' ions had departed as little as pofliblf from thi [lieftlon in its ftrifteft sense. He Ihould now ivail himfelf of the opportunity afforded b) he terms of the last clause, which spoke nt Irafts generally, to take a more particular lotice of those recently made; in doing which ie considered himfclf fafe within the rules of he House, which were so rigorously enforced igainft the affirmative fide of the question. TJie whole amount of foreign Iqans tranf erred directly or indirectly to the United itates, appeared from the several statements .0 be about three millions of dollars. The aipount of the direst draughts was (,304,769 13. Ot the drafts made ftnee the 16th of Apri), 1792, and fold by the bank, the proceeds, now in the bank, or payable into it, before the Ift >f April next, amount to 1,220,4:76 r dollars. Of this fuin, 5)0,000 dollars have been drawn With, refpeft to time and t&e amount of fhefe draft l ;, {lithe absolutely unknown to tho Legiljature, because the account of them had remained in the books of the banlc without ever appearing in the books of the Treasurer... Mr, JWad)fon conftffed that he had toupd po explanations th ?t to hjn, were fatisfaiftory. He had.looked thrpugh aU the reports and all the co:ttmuni<atior.i t>ef«re fa. ed. . T] Madifo laid Mi 'T *
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