For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES. SNOWHILL, (IVorceJier County, Eajlern Shore cj \ MarylandJ fuly 26, 1791. ON the 4th in It. being the sixteenth annivcrfary j of American Independence, the *Franklia Soctets of this place met at the Court-houie, at 9 o'clock, A. M. to eelebrate the return ot that auspicious day. The Society on this occasion, anxious to promote that fpint ot tnendthip and general in tercourse so necelfary to locial happtnefs, and actu ated by a laudable delire ot communicating that glow of enthufulra, that ardor for liberty, and in ipinng those fentpneuts of bentvolencc towaids each other, and gratitude to the divine Being, to congenial to a haypy and tree people ; impelled by thtle phiianftuopic motives, they departed from their ulual privacy, and emblematic ot the expan lion ot their teelings on tins happy day, they open ed their douis to Hie malsot their fellow citizens. A ictpettable audience having aiiuribled, the Yic lident announced the intention ot the meeting in a lhort addreis suitable to the occasion; aiie< which the Declaration ot Independence, and Att accompanying it, being read, Willi am Whi t tincton, hiq. a member of the Socicty, role and delivered a very learned, judicious aud patri otic Oration. The Socicty then proceeded to the difcullion ol a political queltion—which being debat-d and de cided agreeably to the regulations of the initia tion, the audience were addrefTid in an elegant and animated Valedictory Oration, by Mr. John Dennis, ano.her member of the Society. The Society then adjourned at 4 o'clock, P. M. to dme and tpend the evening <>.t Mr. Smith'? Tavern ; where thz spirit of friendlhip, social mirth and good humour, so legibly depi&ed in every countenance, united to heighten the joys of this happy meeting. Alter dinner the following patriotic Toasts weie drank, succeeded by the dis charge ot cannon after each relpc£tively. :. The Day. May the memory of it be chc- Tilhed in the boiom of every true American, and tranlmmed with applause 10 the laiett polterity. 2. The Pretident of the United States. May the| mild iuttre ot his declining fun prove no less glo rious than the effulgence of his rifmg, or the tran scendent fpiendor of his meridian greatness. 3. The Governor and State of Maryland. 4. The Congiefs of the United States. May all party and local views, inconsistent with the good of our common country, be forever banithed from that august assembly, o -- J' 5. The memory of our illuurious countryman 3. Franklin — while we Tevere his name, may wc emulate his chara&cr. 6. The Vice-President of the United States, j. The Agriculture of the United States—-as it is molt ufeful, so may it always be considered the moil honorable occupation. 8. i'iie Commerce of the United States. May its extended operations corineft us with every quarter of the habitable globe. 9. The Manufactures of the United States. May the wovk-fhops ot America rival and excel those o* Europe, to. The Arts and Sciences of the United Stales. ] May the g nial influence ot liDerty eftablilh and ; perpetuate their empire in this happy land. 11. The memory of those heroes who fealed 1 witn their blood the glorious cause of liberty. 12. The Freedom ol Elcftions. May every free man hav? difceriimen"; enough to judge of the me rits of legislative candidates, and foirit enough to resent any attempt to influence his free and unbi ased vote. 13. The Heads of Departments. May they ap prove themselves worthy of the confidence re posed in them by th ir country. 14. Ourhrft and best friend and ally the French Nation. May the fabric whicii they have raised to Freedom, defy the malice of its enemies, and ex tend its influence throughout the world. 15. Peace and Happiness to all the World. * This injiitution originated with a Jew refpeftable charaders of this village; zo/io, from frequent experi ence, found that in jocial and virtuous mtercourje, the vibjl laudable objefls were purjutd\ that mutual aid contributed much to perfection in ail. a>ts and Jcicnces ; I contemplating and anticipating their advantages, a', committee was appointed to draw up such rule> and re- j filiations as might be necejjary to the good order and interejl of the injiitution, and agreed to assume the name of the Franklin Society, in honor abl: memory, and as a tejiimony oj the grateful rejptel t ey enter tain for the late venerable Americap Patriot, Philofopner and Poli- Doctor Benjamin Franklin ; and as a jhort memento oj the primary objetl oj the injiitution, they adopted the J allowing Motto, Dilce et Fac. FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES, Mr. Fenno, IN your Gazette of last Wednesday, after ob-, serving that the Editor of the National Ga-| zette receives a salary from government, I en- j quired 44 whether this salary is paid him for tranjlations; or for the deiign of which j is to vilify those to whom the voice of the peo- j pie has committed the administration of our public affairs." In his paper of this day, he in timates that he u receives a lmall Itipend for services rendered as French Tranfiator to the Department of State, and, as Editor oj a free newj piper." T lis excites my curiosity itili farther, and I shall hold mylelf obliged to any of your correspondents, or to the Editor of this really National Gazette (as it now appears to be) if ei ther of them will inform me what inducement i our rulers can have to hire a man to abuse them, and whether they do not hereby unnecef-j farily squander the public money. I have often' heard that authors in England, or their book sellers for them, when they find tneir books do net fell according to their wilhes, hire some garrettecr to write against them —t-ien publilh a reply to his own lucubrations—-and so go on, objecting and replying, until the attention of the public is drawn towards the book, and thus it is brought into demand. If there were as many pieces in the National Gazette in faror of government and public characters, as tnere are ! against the n, I ihould be apt to conclude ttiat; Congress and their oiiicers were playing us the fame trick, in hopes of keeping their ieats and places for life ; but when all the publications are against them, and none in their favor—hen this u free newspaper" is always Free to defame, but never free to praise, it Joes not appear eafv to accountfor tnisbranch of national expence. If none of your readers can do it, we must wait with patience 'till the treasury accounts are publiilied, as ike Confuta tion of the United States requires, and then, perhaps, the mystery will be explained. July 28, For the GAZETTE of the UNITE!) STATES. a Republican dijlribution cj Citizens wit'i remarks. THERE appeared not long fmce, in the National Gazette, a lhort elfay, with the above quoted title. It begins— u A perfect theory on this fuhjedt would be ufeful"—it would at least be an original—but taking it for granted that such a production is poiiible, we are favored with the happy effe'fts naturally to be expected. 44 It would be a monition agaii\ft empirical experiments by power"— that is an infallible ltandard of political or thodoxy—perfecution, for conscience fake, is a damnable doctrine—but a perfect theory of citizenfliip would gradually approximate the or der of society to the true ltandard ofphilofophical equality " k The life of the husbandman is pre-eminent ly iiiited to the comfort and happinefsof the in dividual." This is not leaving that order oi men to judge for themselves ; few will acknow ledge the polition, and it is fandtioned by the conduct of a less number.— u Healthy the iirft ot j bleflings, is an appurtenance of his property and , his employment—Virtue, the health of the foul, is another part of his patrimony, and no less fa vored by his situation." Virtue has long since been considered by some as a fccondary confide ra tion—Labor is the patrimony of the poor, and the parent of health—but Virtue is an adtive principle—the fewer its objects, the less appa rent its effe<sts; and from thefc alone can we determine the reality of its existence, or the degree of its power. But is it a fadt that Vir tue is favored by the situation of the husband man ?—let experience teltify. Virtue was ne'er confined to dwell, In eloifters drear or hermit's cell— She seeks as her fuprerae delight, The heart that wiihes to do right; And iccfrns the vicious mind to own, In lhady groves, or smoky town— For grant that ignorance confines The farmer's views in narrow lines, Afford them power, knowledge choice, And idleness will nurse each vice— With all the gaudy scene of things, Which envy round the village sings. It is true that the more any description of ci tizens depend on their own the less dependent they muftbe of course on others—but do fa&s warrant the afTertion, u that the great er the proportion of the class of husbandmen to the whole society, the more free, the more inde pendent and the more happy mult be the society itfelf?" This is certainly no farther true, than that a savage life is capable of rendering man kind more happy than a civilized ; not that the life of a hulbandman is savage, but the reason ing goes to fliew that the farther we are removed from the variety arising from civilization, the better—for if there is no medium in refpe<st to the proportion between the farmer and all the other i clalles, the sooner all others are absorbed in the I firft, the better—this fully accounts for the idea | which led a gentleman to suggest thefuperior po ! licy*>f transforming our fifhermen into back \ woodsmen. In cities pamper'd—what a puny race, Live on their incomes—or immured in shops, Piod on from year to year—industrious Haves, To fortune, pie afu re, honors,-fame ! While the firm hind, who turns the teaming foil, With nerve of brass, fnuffs the free air, and ranges unconfin'd, The happy landlord of his well-earn'd farm— But fay—does freedom there exert her force, That shock eledtric—which trills from man to man— And routes all his latent pow'rs to a&ior.— In Cities she delights to dwell—her impulse thence— Diffus'd—foon wakes to life the hardy yeoman band. "In appreciating the regular tranches of ma nufacturing and mechanical industry, fays the etfay, their tendency mult be compared with the principles laid down, and their merits graduated accordingly. Whatever is least favorable to vigor of body, to the faculties of the mind, or to the virtnes or the utilities of life, instead of be ing forced or foftered by public authority, ought to be seen with regret as long as occupations more friendly to human happiness lie vacant." " The several profefljons of more elevated pretentions, the merchant, the lawyer, the phy sician, the philosopher, the divine, form a cer tain proportion of every civilized society, and readily adjust their numbers to its demands and its circumstances." So far as the above quotations appear to have any precise meaning, it is this, that mechanics and manufacturers, h projcjjion, a re" an useless order of men—that they merit no kind of en couragement from government, left an excess in tiieir number should be the consequence, and some individuals fliould be benefitted by their industry. Every other order, it seems, will re gulate itfeif—but an increale of this, will be the inevitable consequence of encouraging their exertions; for though the farmers can make their own neceflary apparel, yet if you put it in their power, they will purchase fuperfluities, and if they have the means, they will enjvy the [ conveniences and luxuries of life. It is how ever pretty evident, that the speculation now uiidor confideratio.i was intended to prejudice the public opinion against governmental encou ragement to manufactures. But a comparison between projtjfion and praftiu may not be impro per. We are warned against empiricism in po litics and government—and yet the United States are, it seems, to rife to eminence by adopting a theoretic fyftfem, not warranted by reason or experience. The pe-ople of thiscoun 71 try nuit either forego their commercial and ci vilized chara&er, or be dependant on foreign countries for tho e articles which a superior state of civilization,fuch as theUnitedStatesnov. enjoy, cannot do without. If we are not to be univerlally tranfmographied into tillers of the ground, and back-woodsmen, we lhall require for our comfortable accommodation rathermore than our families can produce of manufactured articles- If manufactures are neceflal'y, it ine vitably follows, that in order to their iuccei'sful prosecution, they must receive governmental aid—for without it, it is demonstrable we can not £and a competition with thole countries who give their ft veral fabrics the highest sup port. The touchstone of the whole bull net's of opposition to manufactures, would be a fimpie proportion for its opponents to give an exam ple of their attachment to retirement, by aban doning all the luxuries of civilized society tor the delights of a back-woodfman's.life. T. L. Philadelphia, Aug. 1. On Sunday last arrived here from Charleston, the ftiip Delaware, Capt. Art, w th the following pafFengers : Mr. W.Smith, and family ; Major Butler, and family; Mr. Kdward Mitchell; Mr. Hyme ; Mr. i Lenaw ; Capt. fijflctt; Rev. Mr. Hollinglhead, and lady. On Sunday 22d ult. Captain Jbnathan Lam bert arrived at Salem, from the Cape of Good Hope. The Britifli frigate ./Eolus, which fail ed from Calcutta about the 20th of February \7itll dispatches for England, touched at the Cape about the 20th of April. The ac counts i by this frigate were, that Lord Cornwallis's ar my had tftken several of the out posts of Sering apatam, Tippoo Saib's capital ; that the army was in high spirits, and that there was not the Icaft doubt that Seringapatam would soon fall J but that it had not been taken when the frigate •ailed. Tippoo, under this appreheniion, had withdrawn himfelf, with many of his principal people, and much treasure, from the place to one of his hill forts. A powder mill was blown up at Springfield, Mallachuicts, the 17th ult. and one man killed. Extraß of a Utter J rem Albany, dated July, 17. " There can be no doubt, from a concur rence of circnmftances, but that the Britilh at the posts, as well as the Indian tribes, influenc ed and dire fled by them, have been active in recommending peace to those nations adjoining the frontier of the United States more souther ly. Nothing seems now to be wanting to make a firm system of pacification with the savages, but a fixed line of honest demeanor towards the hostile Indians, treating them as we ourselves in their circumstances and situation would wilh! to be treated. As it is more than probable a treaty will be formed ere long, the preservation of it must depend upon the vigor ofgovernment in feeing the terms carried into execution, and the infringers thereof puuifhed." Extra& of a Utter from the city of ,» l 'aJkington t dated The Commissioners attended on the Prei dent of the United States the 16th inft. Abou 26 plans for the' Capitol and President's houfi wercprefented—viz. from Maflachufetts, New- York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and South-Carcdica. Several of the Artists were present. A preference was given to a plan of the President's house, made out by Mr. James | Ho ben, of Charleston, South-Carolina—there were others of considerable merit.—The house will be about 170 by 93 or 100 feet. The out iide walls probably of free-ftone. Mr. Hoben brought refpe&able recommendations of his character and experience, had a regular educa tion in the study of architecture, and poflefles honorable testimonials of his success in some competitions of Ikill in that line. He is em ployed by the commitfioners to superintend the execution of his plan, and such other matters as may be placed under him. The work for the foundation of the President's house was en tered on the next day, and the necessary mate rials are collected and collecting at the spot. 44 No choice was made out of the plans for the Capitol—lt is expected this will take place in next month." Extrad oj a Utter from New-York, dated July 27. 44 With respeCt to the late election, there is little or nothing said about it, among the peo ple—And as to the late failures of the great lu minaries of speculation, they are equally silent —Commerce flourilhes, to my view, aftonilh ingly—the wharves are crouded with shipping —and business is proportionally brisk—it is lively to a high degree—lmprovements to the city are made and making in every poflible di rection—ln short, every thing wears lb pleating I an afpedt, that you would not conceive thati credit and confidence had received any recent (hock whatever—Surely the federal interest must forever be predominant here—for the new state of things has given unbounded icope to the enterprizing disposition of this busy place." The enemies of freedom, for only such are the enemies of the Union of the United States, will leave no artifice uneflayed to subvert the peaceable principles with which the citizens are imprelfed towards their own government—-ly ing paragraphs of fabricated letters have been circulated through the medium of newspapers, inland—this may be called the coasting trade of those who deal in falfnoods and deceit—But this domestic commerce of lies is tooeafily detected —and therefore the sphere of action must be en larged—hence we fee letters from the Islands— yea even from Europe—and when they cannot be readily produced from so great a distance, a man who has been there, must be employed to write a letter here on the fpot—Certifying ljia ny things which are much better told in the fo reign print:—The letter from St. Lucia (fee the Wilmington head, in this Gazette) is a curi ofity—Au enquiry is made whether the people CRITO, July 22 of the United States are as free as they are im ported to be —tl\is is a fiimzey covering for the gross insinuations that follow—Not to wow that the people of the United States are perfectly free, is to know nothing—it indicates, a dark ness of mind, and a want of intelligence that would incapacitate a,v'human being from the poliibility< of enjoying civil liberty in any coun try under heaven. " By uniting weJlnna —b) dividir.% u.c Club-, committees and ailbciations, indepen dent of the constitution and the general laws of society, are excellent expedients to cieftroy u government—but it may be jultly queried, whe- ther they have ever formed, treated or eila blifhed any guards for freedom, or any fyilem of laws in lieu of thole they have destroyed, for the security of persons or property—How is it possible they ever fhould?—ln the commence ir.en.t of the American Revolution, thele socie ties answered valuable and important purpoles —but power is intoxicating, and it was not till alter long and repeated struggles with tiie pow ers of those regular governments, which im people found necellary to their own prelervati on lhould be eftablilhed, that committees re linquilhed powers delegated to them for objects which no longer existed. The clubs and societies in France brought about the late glorious revolution there—but the people, not the clubs, after two years ardu ous ftruggie adopted the Conititution. The letter of M. Andre Chcnier, publilhed in the Gazette of this day, exhibits a dreadful por trait of a people whole government is in the hands of two independent bodies—one afling under the laws, arid the other superior to law and the constitution. The people of the United States, happy in their present situation, are alive to every at tempt which would rob them of the precious fruits of their labors; —lenlibie of the uncer tainty of all human acquisitions-—-and realizing that so lon» as pride, ambition and avaricelhall influence the heart of man, their liberty, peace and fafety will be available by those whole in genuity and knowledge of the prejudices of the world, always l'upply them with pretexts to diftuib the peace of society—they pay a sacred regard to that bond of union which the conlli tution has formed—Safe from the incroach ments of despotism on the one hand, and the billows of anarchy on the other—on the high and ficm ground ofa free government and just laws, they lpurn with indignation the attempts of thole who would fever the ties of mutual confidence between them, and those they have deputed to administer their affairs. A chemist in an inland town of Sweden, has discovered a composition, which being rubbed on the materials used in building a house, will render it fire proof; also a powder, which whtn sprinkled on any thing burning, will immedi ately extinguish the lire; an experiment has been made on some houses built,on purpose, and filled with combustibles, which proved the be neficial eftefts of this dilcovery, to the fatis faftion of the governor of the province, and the principal inhabitants of the neighborhood, who were present, and have attested to the suc cess of the undertaking in the moll public man ner. SHIP NEWS. ARRIVED at the PORT oj PHILADELPHIA. Ship Delaware, Art, Charleston Brig Friendship, Forreft, Newry Columbia, C.mpbell, Caruuna Port Rofeway, Wiiharr, Barbacioes Charleft<-n, Garraan, Charleston Sthoon. Columbia, M'Coimick, do. Polly, Hart field, Weymouth, Tirrell, Sloop Sally, Fernald, Ranger, Coffin, St. Joseph, Domingo, Phiiad. Packet, Fanner, Anna, Gardiner, Industry, Ciaik, Hope, Hulfey, Merry Andrew, Ackerly, New-York On Friday last a brigamved at New-Castle, im eight weeks Irom Newiy, with 240 pallengci*. PRICE OF STOCKS. 6 per Cents, ai 3 per Cents, izj'i Deterred, ijj Full lhares Bank U. S. 45 per cent, prem. j lhares, 55 Bank of theUnitedStates, RESOLVED, THAT an Office of Discount and Deposit, be cltablifaed in the City of Richmond, Siate of Virginia. RESOLVED, That the 2d Tutfday in September next be ap» pointed tor the Election of Thirteen Directors and a Caftiier, for the Office ol Discount and Deposit, in the City of Richmond. By Order of the President and Dire&ors, JOHN KEAN, Calhier. To be publifued by Subscription, AMERICAN REMEMBRANCER, OR, PROCEEDINGS OF THE Old C/ontpre^i, From September 1774, to March 1789;-— An authentic and original collt&ioti of OFFICIAL LETTERS, &c ? written during the late war; And extracts from the SECRET JOURNALS. ( for particulari, Jce Propcfuls atUrg Subfci iptiont are received by the BookCellers, and by the Editor s ■ JOHN CAREY, Ho'. iS, Pear-Street, *■ N. Carolina do. Portsmouth Capt-Francois . Leguira St. Croix' Nactucket New-York Sherburne July 10, 1792,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers