-ri-n navc nv 7/7H/V FEN\ T 0 No. 6q. HIGH-STREET, PHILADEL yi NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS 70//* Ffc* > </. 9 _ [No. 17, of Vol. IV.j FROM THE FEDERAL GAZETTE. PUBLISHED *Y REQUEST A SECOND ESSAY ON THE ISLAND navigation between TH! rivers of SUSWEHAWVAH ANn SCHL'YLKILK. THE Remarks (m Dun'.ao's piper <i! Joiv ■;j on my plan of c»nftru6ting the Inlir.d Navi gation between tlv Sufquehannah atld Sclluyli.ll!, has done what every man ought to do, v. i>o has thai most intercftme concern at heart—l. e. be has published the objeaions i.-> my plan which occur red to him ; for 'tis certainly bett-r to forefee ob jedtions, than to meet them unexpefteJly in the courle of the work. . For the fame reason 'tis iny duly to obviate those ofcirftions it I fairly can, that we may not he dif-l couragid by an appearance of obftarles, which either do not exill, or may be easily removed or avoided. The Remarker firfl obfervcs, that 't» not cei tain that there isa quantity of water near themrr.- dl* ground, fufhcicr.t for the navigation, without I ving recourse to Furnace Creek and other dtl t 11 waters, which will require great expense, and t ■ off the water from many watered meadows, vi .h mull injure the owners of iliem. 1 arifwer, 1. 'Tis the decided opinion of those who have been molt on the ground, and are best acquainted wiih the futjeft, that there is a plenti ful fuflkiency of waier near the crown land for every nccdTary purpose. 2. But if a recourle to the dilbnt waters should be expedient, even this is a very happy resort, and the expence and fpoil.ng some watered meadows are ohjrfts so small, that (hey bear not the lead proportion to the infinite advantage of the great concern. But 3. The objeftion-with refpeft to the wa tered meadows is real in but a very small degree ; for the use of water on meadows is neaily confin ed to the fore part of the year, previous to the crops, at wh cii fcafon the waierwill not be want ed in the canal ; that supply canor.lv be neceff ry in the low state of the springs, which dots not faappen till the fall of the year. 2. The Remarker next goes on :o observe, that the inclined plane is used in Europe, by ma chines which are woiked by hand without water ; this is doubtless an argument in favor of the in clined plane-, in cafe ihcte fiiould ever happen a failure of water, but I suppose he doi s not mean to fugged the expediency of working the machines bv hind, when there is watef enotigh 10 carry them ; in fbort we have no occasion to look for expedients of what may or can be done without water because 'tis a moll undoubted certainly, that we can command water enough through the vear for the tranfmifiion of a thousand boals a day, of 40 tons each. This I conceive will be quite enough for the present generation, and il posterity should need more, we will leave them to look for it, or to contrive ways and means of domg without it. 3. The Remarker goes on to the diffi «uhv of securing the water woiks and machinery agamft frifhes and inundations, to which they will be exposed ; but I conceive thi> is no greater thanocours in all grift-mdlsor oth-r water works, •which stand on the fame ftream,snd is too trifling to deserve notice. 4. The Remarker goes on so recommend Mr. Arthur Donaldfon's newly invented balance lock ; 1 admit this is an ingenious device, but is liable to some small objections which I wilh the Remarker so obviate. 1. The fchcnie bangs large czffoons (filled with water, and into which the boats are to he drawn) on to ihe arms of strong timbers like the dishes ot a scale, which timber* aic lo vibrate on pivots like scale beams, so that when one caffoon rises, the other will fink, like the opposite diihes of a scale— So far is verv well, but 2. 1 conceive the difficulty will be in hauling the boats into and out of the caffoons, for in or der to do this, the furface of the water in the caf foons mult be on a level with the water in the ponds or canals with which they must communi cate ; but I conceive this level cannot be obtained, for g. The eaffoons must be of 3 or 4 feet height, and of course the furface of the included water will be then much higher than the bottom of the caffoon, and when the lower caffoon finks foas to touch the water below, it will go no further, tor if it finks into the water, it will be buoyed by it, and of course will be lightened so as not to retain guvitation enough to raise the opposite caffoon which hangs in the air, and of course they will boih Hop; thelowtrone some feet above, and the upprr '>ne equally below the furface of the se veral ponds with which they must communicatc before the boats can be hauled in or out of the eaffoons. 4. Tnis plan requi ea an evcrlaflin;; equality of furlace of water ir. the two ponds, both above and below the dams over which ihe boats are to be conveyed, lor the civo s on which the brfianc beams iibrate fixed points, if you raise or lower the furface or floor on which the dilhes reft, you nrcclfaiily exali or depress the extreme end* or aims ot the balance beams,either of which will total'y dcAiov the operation of this plan, becaufc it will unavoidably raise or depress the caffoon> above or t»eiow the furface ot the ponds with' wh'chthcy must communicate, either to recent in or di£chatge the bests; but such equality c» Saturday, July 28, 179 2 - fuiface can cever be obtained, for frefties will raise, and droughts will dqprffs thofc fuifaces, cnaugre all hoinao attempts.to prevent it. If all these objections be got over, I object further to the great complexity of the plan, and the numerous difficult equations efiential to its oprratior. and which mult be supported with great-ejta&nefft, or the execution and use mult tail, ' Whereat the inclined p]<me and its machinery is simple as a grift-mill, or even a cutlcr's gi ind il.me and wheel ; is liable to none of the above: objea«ons, and >s not atfrftrd by any different heiftlulft or furtaces ot water, except extreme rrefhes, which may perhaps futpeud the machi nery a day or two 'till the water abates; this plan i manifestly and intuitively practicable to the lar- amount of fc»le or extent that can be necel iiry ; is equally adapted to boats of all sizes, Irotl the largest to the foialleft, winch can be requ.ieo* because the force can be adjusted to any quantity; requiflte by increasing or diminifhii-g the water let on to the wheel. After all I perfcftly agree with the Remarkefj. that Mr. Donation's plan and mine, and all ih< reft proposed, ought lo be submitted to athial a pcriment, under the dircftioi\of their feveial iu-s ventors, which is really the only true telk• ot a«i inventions ol ihia fort. The Remarket proceed* to object to my method of condu&ing the navigation along the bed of ihe creeks, and prefer* artificial canals n» order u» avoid inundation, ice, See. See. which he think the moll dangerous part of the whole concern, on which permit me to observe : i. That the dig ging a canal hxty miles in length, and large enough for the purpote, will be the work o* years, and 2. When done, will almost instantly henlcd up again, unless it is all the way lin'd with wood, or malonry, and pallages every where made under or ovei it, to carry oil the deluges ot water, melt-; ed snow, leaves weeds, See. which will frtquemly come pouring down Irom the higher lands above it ; and after all we can't be with ceitainty guard ed against undermining the fides and bot tom, which wiltoccafion a vail übforphon cl wa ter and probably carry oft large fpvces of the works, and leave such holes and cavuies, as will render repairs very expensive if not impracticable ; the feveiity of froft, quantities of snow and delu ge sos rain,the looknc'.s of the foil and poious na ;ure of the limeilone lands (:o all which ihe coun try is every wheie fubjts) indicate all theic efFc. cts and leave us no reason to tlut we can avoiti I their aflual corifequence. 3. The natural beds of the Creeks are free from all tbefe ineonvenences, th<*re is ltd otfngcfiVtkl curient in the middle of any nullpoud »n the higheit frclhes, and at the head and loot of every dam (at one hundredth part of the expence of the artificial canal) weean make piers and quays fut ficient to secure the boats againfl any danger ol floods or ice in the highetl frefbea that ever hap pened ; the namral beds of the cretks have sup ported the waters of them from the beginning of ihe world, and will to the end of u ; our naviga tion along these beds will lie from river to river, through a course of dead ponds with little current to incommode, and none to endanger '.he boa:.s. 4. There will be large room for all vessels to pass and repafs, and all such to lie at anchor or haul afliore, as may have occasion to stop either for business or repairs. 5 In this way we can enlarge tne navigation to any degree we pleafc, for if one set of ways and machinery over the dams is not futftcieni ; we may add two, three, four or five additional ones, which may all be used at one, and the fame nine, if the quantity of conveyance fhail make them ne cefTary, and when we confidei that the proposed navigation is defign'd for the principal communi cation between a country of two jhoufand miles extent and the Sea, we may soon expett to have applications from an infinite number of boats, and therefore ought to calculate our works on the lar~cft scale to accomodate them. 6. The inclin'd plane and machinery will fit a high dam equally as well as a low one, so that if anv circumflances require some dams to be made higher than others (which may probably be the cafe) no inconvenience can follow ; for any bo2ts in this wav can pass a dam of 20 feet high, as well as one ot 6, 8, or 10 feet.—Some people have oh j <fted to high dams because they flow meadow s, out this is so trifling when compared to the im portance of the great concern, that it vanifhrs in to nothing—l don't conceive it will ever be ne ceflary to draw the boats with horses, but if that mode (hould be adopted, 'tis as easy to make a horse load by the fide of the millpond as by the Canal. In fine the plan and execution of the works] ought to embiace principl s of the greatest ftrcngth and duration that the future trade may not be in terrupted by decays or breaking ol the works and repairs, and ought also to he calculated on the gieatcft extent and scale poffihle that they may be adequate to the vast, the iinmenfe occafious of them. Further I conccivc the plan and direflion must be the work of one mind, divided councils and opinions will coufume much time, introduce inconsistency, and rum the uniformity of the whole. On tiir whole a good plan, grounded on prin ciples of natural fitnefs, and a good beginning,] with a g,ood choice of workmen, are half the work. What remains is prudence, diligence, and uniform perTevf ranee,ail ihefe will soon expedite the works, and produce a happy conclusion. A CITIZLN OF Philadslfhia PkiuJ. July o, 1792 65 LONDON, May 23. ■t\7HEN the Stocks rife, and pro VV visions are cheap, these are ad duced as infallible proofs of the wrf dom and virtue ot Mr. Pitt's adini niftration. Stocks have now fallen eight per cent, provisions are at an exorbitant price, and these too, are cited as proofaof the wifdomand vir tue of Mr Pitt's Adminillratioii. There is a forgery handing about, under the title ot Resolutions, from the Society at Norwich, in which itbey are tngtniaufly made to declare, that " they «re aflbciijted together Ito procure an equal dirtributioii of landed property." IRKL AND- Accounts were yellerday received from the North of Ireland, of an un fortunate dispute between the Pro testants and the Catholics. The lat j ter were going in procession to a fu neral, with arms and colours flying. The Protestants insisted on the co lours being lowered, which tlie Ca tholics relufed, and a general en gagement took place. The Catholics being defeated, rallied next day with additional force, and their opponents were defeated in their turn, owing chiefly to a deficiency of ammunition. Several perl'ons were killed on both (ides. Natter Tandy has fubpocnaed the Speaker of the House of Commons, and clcarly intends to profecuie the Privy Counsellors who signed the Proclamation offering a reward for apprehending him. FIRE AT BARTON STAGEY. Some people being at work at Mr. Moody's shop, finith and edge-tool maker, a large flake of red hot iron flew out of the shop window, and fal ling om some dry litter irear a cucum ber-bed, set it iiiftantly on fire. This communicating to an adjoining mill houf'e, covered with thatch, where a horse was at work, the whole in a few minutes was in flames. These premises being fnuated at the northern extremity of the parish, the wind high, awd blowing in a di rect line with the flreet, carried the thatch like a fibrin of fire, fwifter than a man could run, from one house to another, till the whole village was in flames ! At one instant twenty feveti houses, thirteen barns, ten ilables, several granaries, and four ricks of capital wheat, were in Hamts. The thatch upon several extensive garden walls was completely burnt up, with a great number ef waggons, carts, threshed and unthrefhed corn, twen ty-eight pig s » 3 great quantity ot poultry, and all the furniture and entire property of great numbers of poor people, who are reduced to the utnioft penury. Farmer Friend, at the advanced age of lixty, perished in going up itairs after his money. He was fnp posed to have about four hundred guineas in a coffer, which he said he was determined to save, or pcrilh in the attempt. He had no sooner reach | ed the top of the Itairs, than the roof fell in upon him. Norwich has been the fceneof some disturbances, occasioned by the ad vance in the price of butcher's meat. The people were very turbulent on Saturday lalt, but were pretty well appeased on Sunday, though with threats of allembling again next Sa turday, unlets some remedy is ap plied to this growing and opprcfiive evil. The Masquerade at Ranelagh on Tuesday night, was splendid and ele gant —the supper plentiful—the wine good—Slid all that ; —but of mirth and characters only a finall fprink | ling appeared. The Prince of Wales MASQUERADE. [Whole No, 539-J and the Dtike of Clarence, (witii a lady as their f>rnt(gte,eon<fr<owr whom mucli has been unavailiitglv faitl) en tered the dillipatrd circle about one, and llaid for two or three hours. The whole number present whs, we suppose, between 12 and 1500, many of whom iiayed till li>ng aher ihe grey dawn had warned them-to retire. The rotunda was not cleared till all the good citizens of London were at breakfalt. An ode was performed in horvor of the Duke of Yolk's nupti als ; but amid the din of faihionable folly, neither the words nor the mn ■ fie had much attention paid to them. Dialogue at tTie late mafquerpde, be tween his R H tbc P of W and a Malk. There was a Malk in a doini no, with a jewel of considerable va lue, though uiore than half concealed, pendant on the left fide oi the bread. This Ma/k, from Lite lime the V—— entered the room, kept watching far an opportunity of to l;is R —H- At length Ceiling up on a momentary interval between I the wit and folly of the palling throng* it just twitched his fiepvq, to make hi in look about, then taking Jiiat fa miliarly under the right arm, aud walking on, addrelled hiuviu a point ed manner, though in gentle accents n the following lines : " A Tout!) amongst t'.ie foo)iili youth', I fp'.ed, " Who took nQIJ*CTii Wtfim for Uis guide : " From Vntuc's paths lwjw far he want aftrav, " Will Hand recorded, on some-suture day, " In Britifli annals." The P with, a fideglance,vie w ed ihe ft ranger with an inquif'uive look, laying, p. And who the dnce are you f Ma|k No metier who, for lam the profefl'ed /idvocate of facrcd Wtfdom and Virtue ; but grown weary with pleading an unfuccefsful eaule, 1 adt at present in the capacity of Chamber Counsel, and give the belt advice as often as it is alked. p. Then you adt like a gentleman of under-(landing ; or rather, I should fay (in a fort of hals-whisper) a gen tlewoman, for, upon my foul, 1 lake you to be of that sex.—Will you ta vor me with your addre(s ? Malk—That is altogether uiniecef fary, my , for whenever your ft k finds leifnre and incli nation for a consultation of that na ture, you will find thecounter-pan of my jewel here, ill the l'«cret recedes of your own good heart ; take but the trouble to leareh lo far* The mask instantly difappcared.and was seen no more tiie whole night ; but the P- w as observed to lold his arms for a few moments, before his attention could be roused by the extravagance of a buffoon, who had been some time exerting his ingenui' y to attract the P B notice. ADVERTISEMENT EXTRAORDINARY. Wanted Three fhoufand fx hundred andfijty Engravers to enable the Edi tors of great and splendid works now printing in England, to complete their engagements with the public in I less than half a century. No enquiries will be made as to their abilities, and they are wanted in all branches escepc that of the flroke, which is too difficult, too tedi ous, and too expensive for the traffic of the liberal art. Stippling, tinting, dotting, and scraping, as they require neither time nor genius, will be pre ferred. N. B. A premium will be gi«en to any ingenious mechanic for the in vention of a poligraphic engine thac would lefsthat 100 plates at a time, to go, or rather to grind by (team, by water, or by wind. A wind mi'A would be preferred, as it would save the expence of adveriifing.
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