Philadelphia, January 18. The late accounts f rom Europe inform us of a very great Itorm or hurricane on the coalt of England, Ireland, &c. about the 20th Oct. great damage and loss were fultained both by land and sea. A manifefto against tlie new Constitution o! France, signed by the refugee Princes, has been publilhed—the leading fentiinent of which is, that the King was not free when he accepted it. Mirabeau having died insolvent, the National Afl'embly has voted uuaninioufly to defray the expences of his funeral. An English paper of the 24th Ocft. contains the following article, viz. " It is laid that one of the firft arts of Colonel Simcoe's Government in Canada will he, to deli ver up the Britifli JPofts fitoatedoh the ealt of the River St. Lawrance, and 10 the Couth ut Islova- Scoiia, according to certain articles in the peace with America." Thomas Willing, Esq. was nnaniim ufly re elected Prefidentof the Bank of the United States on the 4th inlt. The members of the North-Carolina legisla ture, which is now in feflion, have taken the oath to support the constitution of the United States. Prnpofals have been publilhed for eftabliftiitig a second bank in the city of New-York, under the name of the " Million Bank of the State of New-York," and we hear upwards of 15,000 (hares were subscribed in a few hours. Extract of a letter, [dated Bourdeaux, Sept. 25, 179 1 ) to a gentleman in this city. " Exchange is rising alittle, and specie coming nto circulation, tho' yet at an advance of" five 10 ifteen per cent. As confidence gains, it will be anie more abundant, which wiJl operate in fa vor of the intercourse with America, heretofore oreatly interrupted by the low exchange and scarcity of specie. Was exchange near par, this country would now pay ten or twenty per cenr. higher for tobacco, rice, indigo and grain, than any of its neighbors, and thiSjVear would take a considerable quantity of the lait npentjoned arti cle ; the late crops having proved very short, considerable supplies will be wanting in all the south of France." original Communications. A correspondent fays he was greatly pleased at hearing a member of the House of Reprel'en latives of '-he United States fay in his place, the other day, that he hoped the time would loon ar rive when Turnpike Roads would be opened in every part of theiJjiion. The interest of individuals, of farmers, me chanics, merchants, and of all others whose bu siness obliges them to travel, would be eflentially promoted'by improved roads—the expence would be repaid an hundred fold, if that can be-called an expence, which is absolutely nothing more nor left than converting property to the belt pur pose, combining private emolument with public benefit, on the molt extensive plan poflible. Should ignorance, prejudice or wickedness, find ways to check the ardor of the present mo metic to engage in the improvement of roads and inland navigation, it would be a very great pub lic injury, and evince that even in this enlight ened age the reliques of barbarism are to be found. The general government of ilie United States, pursuing the obligation of the federal conltitu tion, have honeltly determined, that those who could prove themselves (he public creditors Ihould be paid a jult equivalent for their de mauds. The new '•morality" of some to'.ks would have taught them how to discharge the principal of their debts for a quarter of their value ; they have given ■ Iketches of a fvftern of Ethics, which would have enabled the public to iflue a certifi cate for the payment of interest at a remote pe riod without any compensation for the use of the money in the mean time ! Whgt would have been " the tendency" of l'uch measures ? How pure would have been the public and private vir tue of such a country ; how refpetftable their name among the kontjl nations of the world ; how proinifing of prosperity their future prof pecfts ? The old world (their senses being loft in the admiration of our tranlcendent virtue) would probably have inade loans to us without interest, nay they might poflibly have paid us for boi aowing money fronn them ! There are not wantvng persons in the United States, who affect to collider the genera] govern ment in the light of a one. Blinded by the love, not of state fyftenis in general, but of the particular state system to which they belong, they consider a genera? controuliiig national power, as an alien force, although they have participated 111 the ele<Jtio.n and appointment of those whoexecute it, as fuily as in the election and appointment of the atiminiftrators of the f*late government. These perfonscannot be fuid to love their country, but the spot they live on. "I hey do not embrace in their affections the whole body of* the people, but the Jittle circle of their immediate connexions. To the United States they are not patriots or friends to their country. I o the people of America they do not hold them iclves fellow citizens. The following ideas 011 account of their intrin sic value deserve to be fcleifted from the report of the Secretary of the T.reafury on the fubjecft of manufaCtnres. 1. That the promotion of manufactures (that is our home trade) is rendered necessary by the rettrictions of foreign nations on our navigation and external commerce. 2. That there is an absolute necessity to pro vide a home market for the increasing produce of our farms and plantations. 3. That the United States an inimenfe burden in the charges of importing foreign ma nufactures, which amounting to twenty per cent, upon fifteen millions of dollars is not less than three millions pr. annum in peace, and more in war. 4. That no country, however fertile has re tained its gold and lilver, if it has not manu factured. 5. That by the intervention of women and children,and machinery, manufactures have been brought to require a finall portion of the labor of men, and that these may be obtained from abroad 6. That a judicious system of measures to en courage manufactures will draw capital from foreign countries to be employed in the United Stares in working up and consuming our raw ma terials and provisions 7, And laltly, that manufactures will succeed n the United States, because they have been in ceflantly springing up, and jncreafing for many years Some political writers have censured the Se cretary of the Treasury, for ptopofing too much in favar of the public creditors. These, it is probable, have no interest in the debt. Other political writers have censured liitn for propos ing too tittle in favor of the public creditors. These, it is probable, have bought largely of the debt. Such being the two extremes- dictated by felfintereft, it would seem probable that justice and found policy were to be found between them. That Congress have hit this middle line, is proved by the value of the public liock, and the credit of the country abroad and at home. We frequently hear the general government blamed for exposing thjfe, who held jthe public fecuriries, to {peculators. Every advanmge of fered to public creditors, was recommended to Congress by the report on the debt, on the 9th of January, 1790. The proposition of the af funiption was contained in the fame paper. This report was publijhed and re-publijhed throughout the United States. Thirty days carried it to e very (late- The holders in all Jlates were put upon their guard, for the funding law did not pass till fix months and twenty-fix days after. Were the people then,taken by surprize ? No.—The truth is. that the state governments had so long neg lected to provide funds to pay the interest, and so long refuted to empower Congress to do it, that their constituents, in too many of the states, did not believe an adequate provision would or could be made. It was therefore the former con duct of many oj the states that exposed their citizens to the /peculators, and not the present honed sys tem of Congress. If the states had made provi lion from 178310 1 789, the debt would have been worth twenty shillings in the )>ound, and specu lators could not have got the people's certificates but by paying that value for them. Every Hate government knew of the proposition to fund in the month of February, 1790. If the people 'were uninformed, measures could have been then taken to apprize them at that time, when the continental i'ecurities were worth no more than seven or tight shillings in the pound, with two years interelt due upon them. It is a remark frequently made, that the ene mies of a government are more diligent and alert than its friends—Were it necefiary, the reasons might be readily assigned. The m oft effectual defence of any adminiftra tion arises from conscious honor and honelty— these coniUtute a shield of defence which mult repel the fhafts of every allailant. But to be fuc cefsful, these virtues m uit be known— for the know ledge of the people is the support of a good go vernment—but their ignorance is the strong tow er of those who deal in lies and mifreprefenta- tions, A fair profpecfl -appeared lately to dawn upon the public in refpetft to tl»e general diffufion of that information among the people which is the life blood of a free republic—but, alas, is it not at prefer.t overcast ?—Better for the govern ment to expend an hundred thousand dollars an 303 nually, than to defeat the public expectation, as will be the cafe lhould the present imperfecft, un certain and vexations fylteni, refpecftirig the cir culation of intelligence, continue.—lf it is a con ceded point that the nc-wfpapeis cannot be fenc but by Jtages, and it is left difcretioiiary with the I'oftmalter-General to fend the mail either on horseback or in a carriage, and at the fame time it is thought necedary to fend it by the former, for fevcral months in the year—what alteration, for the better, will take place, even lhould the law now on its patfage be finally enacted? The mail, from' December to April, isdifpatched from tnis city, to New-York and Baltimore, 011 horte back , — the consequence is, that liewfpapers, ex cept lot Pi inters, mult be rilked in the llages — and the security derived from going under the sanction o) the mail, is Jolt. Security and dij'patch are efl'ential in transacting the bnfinefs of a poft-oflice—the former is un doubtedly the molt important—and if they can not both be obtained at once, the mind does noc balance which to prefer ; but that mode which comprizes both, is surely the molt eligible—and this, 011 a proper arrangement, will probably be found in the use of light stage waggons for a gi ven length of time; but if not, their superior se curity renders them decidedly the molt proper and when their neceliity to the transportation of newspapers is considered, it seems to follow, that if there is any f.rious determination to circulate those iminenfely important vehicles amoiig the people, and to carry the provifionsof the law for that pnrpofe into execution, that the mail lhould always be dilpatched from the feat of government in carriages. At a meeting of the Directors of the Bank of the United States, January 12, 1792, the following election of Directors for the Offices of Depotit and Discount, in the Cities of Charleflou and New-Yoik, and Town of Bollon, were made : CHARLESTON. D<mt£l De SaufTure Nathaniel Ruflell Rawlins Lowndes Henry Laurens Edwaid Kutledge Arnoldus Vandeihoifl Adam Tunno Richard Harrifon Gerard Bancker Nicholas Hoffman Philip Livingfton William Laight Thomas Buchanan John Atkinfon Thomas Rufiell Christopher Gore Jofcph Barrell Jonathan Mason, jun. David Sears John Codman,jun. John C. Jones APPOINTMKNT—BY AUTHORITY. Ri chard Peters, to be Judge of the Diftritt Court ot the United States, for the Diftritt ot Penrifylvania—in the room ot William Lewis, who has resigned. PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES. FUNDED DEBT. 6 pr. Cents 24/9 pr. £ 3 pr. Cents 15/ Defercd 6 pr. CentJ 15)3 UNFUNDED DEBT. Final Settl. and other Certificates 21J6 do. Indents 14J'6_ 72J do. Bank Stock—half Ihares 118 per cent premium. —whole (hares 60 per cent. SALES Of rhe real Estate of JOHN KIDD, late of the Township of Ben felem, in the County of Bucks, Esquire, decealed, pursuant to the Directions of his 1 alt Will and Testament. ON Tuefdav the 27th oi March next will be exposed to Sale, by way of Public Vendue, on the premises—One exceed ingly valuable and highly improved Farm, containing about two hundred and ninety-nine acres, fuuate on the river Delaware; on which is erected a handsome two-story brick house, with a new piazza in the front, two kitchens, a good barn,ftables, hay-houle, and other convenient outhoufis. A good orchard ot the best kind of gratied fruit,now in its prime; a large garden well fenced in, and in good order; and a (had and herringHfhery before tlhe door. This place is remarkably well timbered, has a fufficicncy of mea dow, a large front on the river, and runs back to the post-road. One other very valuable Farm, adjoining the above ; containing about two hundred and seven acres, the greatest part of which is wood-land. There are on this farm a good house, barn, ftabJes, and other outhouses, with a young thriving Orchard of the best grafted fruit, and a shad and herring fifhery. It has long been a well accuftoraed tavern ; and the fcfiy belonging to it, known by the name of Dunks's, is noted for being well kept and much fre quented. Both the above places afford the best profpe£ts on the liver, and are remarkably healthy. One other small Farm, containing about sixty-three acres, situ- in the township of Southampton, in the county aforcfaid ; on which are erected two log-houses. There is a small orchard, and a great fufficiency of wood-land and meadow ground. One Lor. containing four acres, situate on the great post-road leading fiom Philadelphia to New-York, and ten miles from the former. On it is a good log dwelling-house, and work-ihop ad joining, with a well of excellent water at the door : now in the tenure of the Widow Ward. Alio, at the fame time and place, will be fold all the remaining Stock, Houfhold-Furniture, Farming Utcnfils, and Wheat in the ground. N. B. The conditions of be, one-third of the purc.hafie money to be paid down, and the remainder in two yearly pay ments with inteieft. JOHN SWIFT, } JOHN M. NESBIT, > Executors. (cptm27) SAMUEL .BENEZET, ) Thomas Jones John F. Gnmke Kdward Blake Robert Haziehurft William Thayer Adam Gilchrift Jofiah Smith, Cafliier. NEW-YORK. Alexander Macomb John Delaficld Matthew Clarkfon Edmund Prior David Gelfton George Service Charles Wilkes, Cafhitr. BOSTON. Joleph Rufiell, jun. Caleb Davis Israel Thorndike William Wetmore John Lowell Theo. Lyman Peter Roe Dakon, Cajjiur. 12 3 i P r - cent. 75 do - 76£ do.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers