Philadelphia, January 18.
The late accounts f rom Europe inform us of a
very great Itorm or hurricane on the coalt of
England, Ireland, &c. about the 20th Oct. great
damage and loss were fultained both by land and
sea.
A manifefto against tlie new Constitution o!
France, signed by the refugee Princes, has been
publilhed—the leading fentiinent of which is,
that the King was not free when he accepted it.
Mirabeau having died insolvent, the National
Afl'embly has voted uuaninioufly to defray the
expences of his funeral.
An English paper of the 24th Ocft. contains the
following article, viz.
" It is laid that one of the firft arts of Colonel
Simcoe's Government in Canada will he, to deli
ver up the Britifli JPofts fitoatedoh the ealt of the
River St. Lawrance, and 10 the Couth ut Islova-
Scoiia, according to certain articles in the peace
with America."
Thomas Willing, Esq. was nnaniim ufly re
elected Prefidentof the Bank of the United States
on the 4th inlt.
The members of the North-Carolina legisla
ture, which is now in feflion, have taken the oath
to support the constitution of the United States.
Prnpofals have been publilhed for eftabliftiitig
a second bank in the city of New-York, under
the name of the " Million Bank of the State of
New-York," and we hear upwards of 15,000
(hares were subscribed in a few hours.
Extract of a letter, [dated Bourdeaux, Sept. 25,
179 1 ) to a gentleman in this city.
" Exchange is rising alittle, and specie coming
nto circulation, tho' yet at an advance of" five 10
ifteen per cent. As confidence gains, it will be
anie more abundant, which wiJl operate in fa
vor of the intercourse with America, heretofore
oreatly interrupted by the low exchange and
scarcity of specie. Was exchange near par, this
country would now pay ten or twenty per cenr.
higher for tobacco, rice, indigo and grain, than
any of its neighbors, and thiSjVear would take a
considerable quantity of the lait npentjoned arti
cle ; the late crops having proved very short,
considerable supplies will be wanting in all the
south of France."
original Communications.
A correspondent fays he was greatly pleased
at hearing a member of the House of Reprel'en
latives of '-he United States fay in his place, the
other day, that he hoped the time would loon ar
rive when Turnpike Roads would be opened in
every part of theiJjiion.
The interest of individuals, of farmers, me
chanics, merchants, and of all others whose bu
siness obliges them to travel, would be eflentially
promoted'by improved roads—the expence would
be repaid an hundred fold, if that can be-called
an expence, which is absolutely nothing more
nor left than converting property to the belt pur
pose, combining private emolument with public
benefit, on the molt extensive plan poflible.
Should ignorance, prejudice or wickedness,
find ways to check the ardor of the present mo
metic to engage in the improvement of roads and
inland navigation, it would be a very great pub
lic injury, and evince that even in this enlight
ened age the reliques of barbarism are to be
found.
The general government of ilie United States,
pursuing the obligation of the federal conltitu
tion, have honeltly determined, that those who
could prove themselves (he public creditors
Ihould be paid a jult equivalent for their de
mauds. The new '•morality" of some to'.ks would
have taught them how to discharge the principal
of their debts for a quarter of their value ; they
have given ■ Iketches of a fvftern of Ethics, which
would have enabled the public to iflue a certifi
cate for the payment of interest at a remote pe
riod without any compensation for the use of
the money in the mean time ! Whgt would have
been " the tendency" of l'uch measures ? How
pure would have been the public and private vir
tue of such a country ; how refpetftable their
name among the kontjl nations of the world ;
how proinifing of prosperity their future prof
pecfts ? The old world (their senses being loft in
the admiration of our tranlcendent virtue) would
probably have inade loans to us without interest,
nay they might poflibly have paid us for boi
aowing money fronn them !
There are not wantvng persons in the United
States, who affect to collider the genera] govern
ment in the light of a one. Blinded by
the love, not of state fyftenis in general, but of
the particular state system to which they belong,
they consider a genera? controuliiig national
power, as an alien force, although they have
participated 111 the ele<Jtio.n and appointment of
those whoexecute it, as fuily as in the election
and appointment of the atiminiftrators of the
f*late government. These perfonscannot be fuid
to love their country, but the spot they live on.
"I hey do not embrace in their affections the whole
body of* the people, but the Jittle circle of their
immediate connexions. To the United States
they are not patriots or friends to their country.
I o the people of America they do not hold them
iclves fellow citizens.
The following ideas 011 account of their intrin
sic value deserve to be fcleifted from the report
of the Secretary of the T.reafury on the fubjecft
of manufaCtnres.
1. That the promotion of manufactures (that
is our home trade) is rendered necessary by the
rettrictions of foreign nations on our navigation
and external commerce.
2. That there is an absolute necessity to pro
vide a home market for the increasing produce
of our farms and plantations.
3. That the United States an inimenfe
burden in the charges of importing foreign ma
nufactures, which amounting to twenty per cent,
upon fifteen millions of dollars is not less than
three millions pr. annum in peace, and more in
war.
4. That no country, however fertile has re
tained its gold and lilver, if it has not manu
factured.
5. That by the intervention of women and
children,and machinery, manufactures have been
brought to require a finall portion of the labor
of men, and that these may be obtained from
abroad
6. That a judicious system of measures to en
courage manufactures will draw capital from
foreign countries to be employed in the United
Stares in working up and consuming our raw ma
terials and provisions
7, And laltly, that manufactures will succeed
n the United States, because they have been in
ceflantly springing up, and jncreafing for many
years
Some political writers have censured the Se
cretary of the Treasury, for ptopofing too much
in favar of the public creditors. These, it is
probable, have no interest in the debt. Other
political writers have censured liitn for propos
ing too tittle in favor of the public creditors.
These, it is probable, have bought largely of the
debt. Such being the two extremes- dictated by
felfintereft, it would seem probable that justice
and found policy were to be found between
them. That Congress have hit this middle line,
is proved by the value of the public liock, and
the credit of the country abroad and at home.
We frequently hear the general government
blamed for exposing thjfe, who held jthe public
fecuriries, to {peculators. Every advanmge of
fered to public creditors, was recommended to
Congress by the report on the debt, on the 9th
of January, 1790. The proposition of the af
funiption was contained in the fame paper. This
report was publijhed and re-publijhed throughout
the United States. Thirty days carried it to e
very (late- The holders in all Jlates were put upon
their guard, for the funding law did not pass till
fix months and twenty-fix days after. Were the
people then,taken by surprize ? No.—The truth
is. that the state governments had so long neg
lected to provide funds to pay the interest, and
so long refuted to empower Congress to do it,
that their constituents, in too many of the states,
did not believe an adequate provision would or
could be made. It was therefore the former con
duct of many oj the states that exposed their citizens
to the /peculators, and not the present honed sys
tem of Congress. If the states had made provi
lion from 178310 1 789, the debt would have been
worth twenty shillings in the )>ound, and specu
lators could not have got the people's certificates
but by paying that value for them. Every Hate
government knew of the proposition to fund in
the month of February, 1790. If the people
'were uninformed, measures could have been then
taken to apprize them at that time, when the
continental i'ecurities were worth no more than
seven or tight shillings in the pound, with two
years interelt due upon them.
It is a remark frequently made, that the ene
mies of a government are more diligent and alert
than its friends—Were it necefiary, the reasons
might be readily assigned.
The m oft effectual defence of any adminiftra
tion arises from conscious honor and honelty—
these coniUtute a shield of defence which mult
repel the fhafts of every allailant. But to be fuc
cefsful, these virtues m uit be known— for the know
ledge of the people is the support of a good go
vernment—but their ignorance is the strong tow
er of those who deal in lies and mifreprefenta-
tions,
A fair profpecfl -appeared lately to dawn upon
the public in refpetft to tl»e general diffufion of
that information among the people which is the
life blood of a free republic—but, alas, is it
not at prefer.t overcast ?—Better for the govern
ment to expend an hundred thousand dollars an
303
nually, than to defeat the public expectation, as
will be the cafe lhould the present imperfecft, un
certain and vexations fylteni, refpecftirig the cir
culation of intelligence, continue.—lf it is a con
ceded point that the nc-wfpapeis cannot be fenc
but by Jtages, and it is left difcretioiiary with the
I'oftmalter-General to fend the mail either on
horseback or in a carriage, and at the fame time
it is thought necedary to fend it by the former,
for fevcral months in the year—what alteration,
for the better, will take place, even lhould the
law now on its patfage be finally enacted? The
mail, from' December to April, isdifpatched from
tnis city, to New-York and Baltimore, 011 horte
back , — the consequence is, that liewfpapers, ex
cept lot Pi inters, mult be rilked in the llages —
and the security derived from going under the
sanction o) the mail, is Jolt.
Security and dij'patch are efl'ential in transacting
the bnfinefs of a poft-oflice—the former is un
doubtedly the molt important—and if they can
not both be obtained at once, the mind does noc
balance which to prefer ; but that mode which
comprizes both, is surely the molt eligible—and
this, 011 a proper arrangement, will probably be
found in the use of light stage waggons for a gi
ven length of time; but if not, their superior se
curity renders them decidedly the molt proper
and when their neceliity to the transportation of
newspapers is considered, it seems to follow, that
if there is any f.rious determination to circulate
those iminenfely important vehicles amoiig the
people, and to carry the provifionsof the law for
that pnrpofe into execution, that the mail lhould
always be dilpatched from the feat of government
in carriages.
At a meeting of the Directors of the Bank of the United States,
January 12, 1792, the following election of Directors for the
Offices of Depotit and Discount, in the Cities of Charleflou and
New-Yoik, and Town of Bollon, were made :
CHARLESTON.
D<mt£l De SaufTure
Nathaniel Ruflell
Rawlins Lowndes
Henry Laurens
Edwaid Kutledge
Arnoldus Vandeihoifl
Adam Tunno
Richard Harrifon
Gerard Bancker
Nicholas Hoffman
Philip Livingfton
William Laight
Thomas Buchanan
John Atkinfon
Thomas Rufiell
Christopher Gore
Jofcph Barrell
Jonathan Mason, jun.
David Sears
John Codman,jun.
John C. Jones
APPOINTMKNT—BY AUTHORITY.
Ri chard Peters, to be Judge of the Diftritt Court ot the
United States, for the Diftritt ot Penrifylvania—in the room ot
William Lewis, who has resigned.
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.
FUNDED DEBT.
6 pr. Cents 24/9 pr. £
3 pr. Cents 15/
Defercd 6 pr. CentJ 15)3
UNFUNDED DEBT.
Final Settl. and other Certificates 21J6 do.
Indents 14J'6_ 72J do.
Bank Stock—half Ihares 118 per cent premium.
—whole (hares 60 per cent.
SALES
Of rhe real Estate of JOHN KIDD, late of the
Township of Ben felem, in the County of Bucks,
Esquire, decealed, pursuant to the Directions
of his 1 alt Will and Testament.
ON Tuefdav the 27th oi March next will be exposed to Sale,
by way of Public Vendue, on the premises—One exceed
ingly valuable and highly improved Farm, containing about two
hundred and ninety-nine acres, fuuate on the river Delaware; on
which is erected a handsome two-story brick house, with a new
piazza in the front, two kitchens, a good barn,ftables, hay-houle,
and other convenient outhoufis. A good orchard ot the best kind
of gratied fruit,now in its prime; a large garden well fenced in,
and in good order; and a (had and herringHfhery before tlhe door.
This place is remarkably well timbered, has a fufficicncy of mea
dow, a large front on the river, and runs back to the post-road.
One other very valuable Farm, adjoining the above ; containing
about two hundred and seven acres, the greatest part of which is
wood-land. There are on this farm a good house, barn, ftabJes,
and other outhouses, with a young thriving Orchard of the best
grafted fruit, and a shad and herring fifhery. It has long been a
well accuftoraed tavern ; and the fcfiy belonging to it, known by
the name of Dunks's, is noted for being well kept and much fre
quented. Both the above places afford the best profpe£ts on the
liver, and are remarkably healthy.
One other small Farm, containing about sixty-three acres, situ-
in the township of Southampton, in the county aforcfaid ; on
which are erected two log-houses. There is a small orchard, and
a great fufficiency of wood-land and meadow ground.
One Lor. containing four acres, situate on the great post-road
leading fiom Philadelphia to New-York, and ten miles from the
former. On it is a good log dwelling-house, and work-ihop ad
joining, with a well of excellent water at the door : now in the
tenure of the Widow Ward.
Alio, at the fame time and place, will be fold all the remaining
Stock, Houfhold-Furniture, Farming Utcnfils, and Wheat in the
ground.
N. B. The conditions of be, one-third of the purc.hafie
money to be paid down, and the remainder in two yearly pay
ments with inteieft.
JOHN SWIFT, }
JOHN M. NESBIT, > Executors.
(cptm27) SAMUEL .BENEZET, )
Thomas Jones
John F. Gnmke
Kdward Blake
Robert Haziehurft
William Thayer
Adam Gilchrift
Jofiah Smith, Cafliier.
NEW-YORK.
Alexander Macomb
John Delaficld
Matthew Clarkfon
Edmund Prior
David Gelfton
George Service
Charles Wilkes, Cafhitr.
BOSTON.
Joleph Rufiell, jun.
Caleb Davis
Israel Thorndike
William Wetmore
John Lowell
Theo. Lyman
Peter Roe Dakon, Cajjiur.
12 3 i P r - cent.
75 do -
76£ do.