PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA. [No. 21, of Vol. lII.] TRANSLATED For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES. A DISCOURSE OF STEPHEN BOETIUS, Concerning voluntary Servitude : Or the Anti-One. (Continued from No. 15 of this Gazette.) CATO of Utica, while he was a hoy, and un der the ferule, went and came frequently to the house of Sylla, the Dictator. Both on ac count of the place and house where he was, the doors were never fliut against hiin. Indeed they were near relations. He had always his Precep tor with him when he went, as was the custom of all children of good families. He perceivd that in the palace of Sylla, in his presence, or by his orders, they imprisoned some, and condemn ed others : one was banished, and another hang ed : one demanded the confifcation, and another the head of some citizen. Every thing went on, not as if it were before an officer of the to wn, hut a tyrant of th"e people ; and it was not a tribunal of justice, but a cavern of tyranny. This noble infant said to his matter, why will you not give me a poinard ? I will hide it under my robe— I enter often into the chamber of Sylla, befoie he is out of his bed—l have an nrin strong e nough to deliver the city from him. A senti ment worthy of Cato ! It was the beginning of a character worthy of his death. Nevertheless, let us not mention his name or his country —let us relate limply the fact as it is, and the thing itfelf will speak : and we shall easily judge that he was a Roman, born in Rome, but in the genuine Rome, while it was free. To what purpose is all this ! Not certainly that I think the country aiul the foil perform any thing—for in all countries, in all olimates, fubjeftion is unnatural, and free dom is agreeable. But, lam of opinion, we should pitythofe, who, at their birth, have found a yoke upon their necks ; and that we should excuse or pardon them, if having never seen the shadow of liberty, and knowing nothing of it, they perceive not theevil which it is to them to be Haves. If there are cer tain countries, as Homerfays of the Cimmerians, where the fun fliows itfelf otherwise than to us, and after having enlightened them for fix months together, leaves them fleepingin obfeurity, with out returning to fee them the other half of the year : those wha should be born during that long night, if they had never heard mention made of the /un-shine, should we wonder if, having never seen the day, they should be contented in dark ness, in which they were born, and have 110 de fire for light ? We never mourn the loss or fa ience of what v/e never had—and regret conies only after pleasure—and the memory of past }oy always accompanies the knowledgeof good. The natural disposition of man is to be free, and to desire to be so ; but his nature is also such, that he naturally holds the turns and folds which edu cation gives him. Let us fay then, that as to man all tilings are natural to which he is educated and accuitomed, but that only is innate to which his simple and unadulterated nature calls him—so thefirftcaufe of voluntary servitude is custom—as the moftfpi rited colts, which at firft bite the bit, and after wards play with it; and although at the begin ning they winced at the saddle, they at present carry themselves nobly in the harness, and exhi bit themselves proudly in armour They f3y that they have always been fubjetfts, and that their fathers lived in the fame manner : they think that they are obliged to bear the bridle, and they make it easy to them by examples, and found themfelvesand their patienceon thepofleffion and prescription of those who tyrannize over tliem. But in truth, prescription can never give a right to do evil—it rather aggravates the injury. There are always some better born than others, who feel the weight of the yoke, and cannot subdue their inclination to shake it off—who are never disci plined to fnbjetftion — and who always, like Ulys ses, who by land and sea fought to fee the smoke of his own chimney, know not how to reflrain themselves from reflecting 011 their natural pri vileges, to remember their predeceflbrsand their primitive existence. These are they, who hav ing their understandings neat, and their minds clear-sighted, content not themselves, like the gross populace, who look only at what is before their feet, without examining all that is before and behind, recollecting things and times that are pall, in order to measure the present, and judge of the future. These are they, who'hav Saturday, July 5), 1791. ing their heads well made at firil, have polilhed them by fludy and learning. These, although liberty Jhould be wholly loft out of the world, imagining and feeling it, in their own minds, and highly relifliing it, servitude is never to their taile, cook it and dress it as you will. FROM DUN LAP'S AMERICAN DAILY ADVERTISER. On the Subscription to the National Bank on ihe 4th of July, the Fifteenth Anniversary of American Independence. Stranger. HEY-DAY !—what's the meaning of yon busy throng, Who, with purses and papers, thus hurry along, Each panting and eager to enter yort gate, Each draining his speed, left, he enter too late ? Citizen. Hitherto in her nonage Columbia has been ; Nor in her own hands was her portion yet seen. Yon ciowd are her guardians her dower to pay, Rejoicing they speed, on Columbia's birth-day. What ?—Portion'd so soon, at the age of FIFTEEN ! Citizen. Unlike common Beauties, Columbia our Queen, Though yet in her Teens, so much wisdom displays, Th.it grey-beaded matrons look on with amaze. Henceforth her own mitlrefs, —a portion in hand, To enhance that refpeft, which her virtues command, — Her own choice let her make, from the numberless train Of suitors, who drive her Alliance to gain. To the Editor of the GAZETTE oj the UNITED STATES. SIR, f OBSERVED in your paper of the 22d ult. fume directions by 1 the Humane Society ol Philadelphia, to prevent the effects of drinkino- Cold Water—where they seem to lay the greatest ftrel's of a cure on the use of Laudanum. This is conformable to Dr. Rush's principle, laid down before the Philosophical Society in Philadelphia fame years pad, which I remember to have read. I think in '.hat ticatife he fays that it was the only remedy. In manv instances it may not be in the power of the patient to get Laudanum soon enough to prevent the ftiddcn death that generally follows drinking cold water, in certain cases. About 25 years part, being in Philadelphia at a time when se veral men had die d suddenly by diinkingcofd water, at a friend's house in Chefnut llreet, a servant went through the room with water newly drawn ; I Was somewhat warm, and desired a glass to be given me ; and as I had been cautioned irom many circum (tences, and was well acquainted with the hard quality of the wa ter, I took care, as I apprehended, to drink a very small quantity, I think lels than one jill ; but was immediately seized with a most intense pain in the pit of my stomach, so violent, that if a sword had been run through that part of my body, I think it could not have been more painful. There happened to be hot water handy ; I immediately drank a quantity so hot as to scald my mouth— in a few minutes a most profufe sweat fuccceded, and I was en tirely rclcafed from pain, or any farther bad confequcnces attend {na I am, Sir, your most humble servant, Brunfivick, July 2, 1791 FROM THOMAS'S MASSACHUSETTS SPY. THE NEIGHBOR "In Shirley's form cheruhims appear— But, then, the has a frfckle on her ear." WE are all freckled more or less ; and it is an a<ft of as great folly to look for perfec tion in human nature, as to search for wisdom in the brain of a maiiiack. We have, all of us, foine plea to charity.— The aflbciation of perfect and imperfect beings together would make the situation of both or ders very disagreeable. Our obligations would cease to be reciprocal : It would be all debt, and no credit. "I he disgust on one fide, and envy on the other, would occafioti perpetual war : The contrail would be too great. Pride will generally keep imperfect beings in order. Man is much less in danger of the enmity of his neighbor for having something to be forgiven. The difference which nature has made between individuals, though she has left no one inde pendent of the reft, is already too apparent for the peace of the world. Imagination, by blot ting the fair face of beauty—envy, by being afl'ociated with better paliions to console the conscious heart of inferiority, by balancing the imaginary defetfts of others with its own real vices and deformities, prevents those open arts of violence which mortification would often prompt to, and the desertion of the different orders from each other. I have often wondered that consciousness, which is generally prompt and candid, never told the envious whence their imaginations had borrowed the ingredients of defamation. How happens it, Invidius (said I to liim) one day, after he had iheatlied his knife from the facrifice of a dozen characters in his way ; how happens it that the mod perfetfl men find the feweft faults in others ?—ls it becaafe they have less of their own to shape them from ? Invidius 81 Str-ancer blushed—it was a mistaken {Iream sent from the heart to the cheek, to difciaim a compliment which he had not deserved, and which I had not made hiin.— Ido not think it ever dues hap pen, laid he — 1 believe that conscience is a true monitor—but it is a si tent one: It wbifpers to the heart—pride wont permit it to speak loud. Man kind do not love to remember their faults.— Yes, replied I, but if their pradice ii continu ally renewing the remembrance, and they can not prevail upon themselves to amend, will they not look abioad for funilar faults in others, to balance them ? And if the eye is unfaithful, or unfuccefsful, is not imagination always called ill to aid it? You, Invidius, are the most proper person in the world to give a le<fture upon this fubjedl—your own experience has all the nece'P' f'ary rules by heart.—how ! how—said Invidius, surprised—l don't understand you. The courte ous blufli at that moment retreated to make room for a frown.—Yon, Invidius, said I, are di(tin> guiflied by the wife in our neighbourhood as an envious man, a fame killer—there is not one of rhem who has not had his piifluredrawn by you, yet none of them like the painter.—By the ig norant, you are diltinguiflied as a beautiful de fcriber of characters—yet they all impeach you of flattery. Why is it that the two orders find qualities "so different in the fame man ? Is it not becaufe'you discover very different qualities in them ? Are you not confeious that you stand iti a middle line between the two ? From one you have nothing to fear ; from the other you per haps conclude you have nothing to hope. If yon (hould undertake to smooth the furface of the world, would it make any difference whether you raised the valleys to lower the hills, or low ered the hills to raise the valleys? The only difference is, in the latter cafe you would give the valleys what you Hole from the hills—and you cannot turn this the other way.—There is_ another trick yon play upon the ignorant. In! your defcriprion offcharacfters, you do them more thanjuftice, that you may be allowed to take back a part from what you have given, to avoid the imputation of flattery—you draw a very flat tering pidture of your friend ; give a beautiful proportion, and colour to the features—and then with one daub of the biack but-av if-brufli, you derange andllain the whole. Believe me, Invi dius, you leave the piifture more your own than your friend's. —It is a vile practice—pray leave it off—lt is like charity emptying comforts from one hand, into the lap of want, and Healing them out with the other. H. G FROM THE HAMPSHIRE CHRONICLE, EXTRAORDINARY INSTANCE Of REANIMATION. Mr. Prt nter, Pletife to give the following a place in your paper. Wir.BRAHAM, June 19, 179 T. ON Saturday the 28th ult. about noon, my lit tle boy, aged 4 years, was playing with his fitters in the chamber, vvhofe floor did not ex tend over the whole room ; when by foine un fortunate accident he fell, and firft struck with his head against the lower floor : I was aroufeel by the noise occasioned by the fall, and out-cry of his fillers, and ran with all poflible speed to his afliftance ; but previous to my entering the room, his mother had taken him from the floor : I saw him gasp once, and then, without a groan, he seemed to fink supinely into the arms of death. There was a total suspension of the vital functions ; however, 1 could not but hope that the latent spark of life was not wholly extin guished ; —that hope Simulated me to make use of every effort in my power to reflore him to life again ; auxiliaries were called, the windows and doors thrown open, and his body dripped ; stimulants were applied to his nofttils, &c. we threw cold water into his face, agitated his limb?, and for want of other spirits, bathed his head, breast, arms and legs, with vinegar. 1 rubbed his skin, and used the lancet several times, bun in vain. He continued for a considerable time apparently dead. Warm fomentations were ap plied to his whole body, but more potently to his breast and legs ; soon after I difcoveied a tremour about the region of the heart, succeeded by convulsive motions—on these signs of return ing life, I opened his month and breathed forci bly into his lungs, he gasped ; again 1 used the lancet, and he bl#d. However, it was more thrmi three hours after liis a! 1:10 ft fatal fall, beiore lie [Whole No. 229.]
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