, ;n finally be loft to the Union : But to • te may be replied, that the iinmenfe ocean thlS lis between Europe and these States, is fh a natural and powerful barrier, that the fe rion and independence of this country was P eut to be expected in the course of things, fLnas we were preparedfor it.—But how was £'» feuaration accelerated and brought about ? By !he ill policy and oppreflion of the mother coun _The western territory is quite differently fimated ; it is true, fnnilar causes may produce r hr effects ; but with judicious and lair nfti Cement that country will always continue firm lv attached to the Atlantic States. The trade of It country mult be through the United States, ev are the nearest market, and custom, habit d convenience will conspire to perpetuate a lie and intimate connection between them. But admit for a moment that the reparation is . 'table ; still let us be attentive to our own ! tere fl let us get as much from them as we can " let us draw from that source by rational methods, ~ v present advantage at least : But if we with to mike them independent, let us leave the lands to their disposal, they know the value of them, and will very soon raise fufficient to fuppovt a go vernment. . Immense tradts of this temtory are under sale by contracts with the late Cougrefs—thefe are laying in an incomplete state, owing to the fur y/vs not being finifhed ; and prove a loft ofup waids ot 600 dollars per day to the United States. This beincthe cafe, it remains to determine what Jiall be done ? I think the eftablilhment of a Land-Office in that country, upon some such principles as are contained in the report, is the obvious duty of Congress. This will open a door to a regular, fate and ex peditious sale of the lands—and it will become theintereft of every person in the United States to become purchafers—for the purchase will ex tinguilh both principle and interest of the public debt. [Mr. Scott, then pointed out the advanta tages that would result from felling the land in thefirtt inltance, to those that would fettle it, in preference to felling it in large tracts to specu lators He alio enforced the elegibilitv of felling it in finall quantities, which might be done so as to have them surveyed, located and fettled with out expence to the States.] This plan (Mr. Scott further observed) does not prevent sales of large tracts —it only admits tales offmall quantities. The plan that has been pursued has been enor moutly expensive ; lo much so, that Congress had betterg/pe the lands to settlers. It has been said, that deeds of that country ought to be executed under the immediate eye of Congress.—But 1 think the directors of the Land- Office may be as well checked as olHcers in any department whatever. I therefore hope that the report of the committee will be adopted, and a re folvepafs, that afelec f t committee oi the lioufe be appointed to prepare and report a bill upon the general principles of this committee. The queltion upon the report of the commit tee was then taken and paflecl in the affirmative. A resolve, which provides that the Land- Office Ihould be placed under the direction of the Governor of the western territory, was then read. Mr. Sherman observed, that the western lands are undoubtedly a valuable fund to the United States—and the gradual settlement of them, by particular dalles of citizens, may not prove inju rious. But lamby no means in favor of open ing a wide door to {peculators—by which immense tracts may be monopolized, and the public l'ecuri ties depreciated to the great injury of the cre ditors of government. I think it will be a pro per Hep to establish a Land-Office, to facilitate and compleat the sales already made —but a wide field for disputes andevery evil will be the confe rence of iifuing warrants—l lhall therefore be against such a measure. Mr. Lee observed, that he thought it was best that the committee should rife ; that a ipecial committee fliould be appointed to examine all pa pers, contracts, &c. refpeifting the western ter ritory, both of Congress and the several States : He objedled to the plan of eftabliffiing the land office at a distance from the feat of government, and placing it under the direction of the Gover nor of the weltern territory.—lt might in the is sue be found that we had erected an imftrium in imp trio. Several other gentlemen made observations up on the subjeCt, when Mr. Sedgwick propoled, that " Governor of the western territory fliould be ftruckout, and " Secretary of the Treasury" in serted. Mr. Vining then moved, that the proportion fliould lie on the table till tomorrow —and that the committee fliould rife: This motion obtained, the Speaker relumed the chair. Mr. Vining moved that the report of the com mittee, appointed to take into conlideration the fation proper to be allowed to the Preli ,ent, Vice-President, Senators and Reprefenta j' ves °1 the United States, for their services, wud be taken lip : this motion was agreed to •' m report Hated, that 20000 dollars per annum e allowed to the Prelident, exclusive of the ex penees of an house, furniture, Secretaries, Clerks, carriages, horses, &c. Mr. Laurance observed, that lie Ihould not take upon him to determine whether the sum mentioned in the report was fufficient or not: The constitution states, that the President shall re ceive an adequate allowance which he has aright to dilpofe of as he pleases : He pointed out the impropriety of fpecifying particular objects for which allowances were to be made, andfaid that the conipenfation should be made in a gross sum : He therefore moved, that those parts of the re port which refpeifted particulars with the twen ty thousand dollars, (hould be ltruck out,and the sum left bla'nk. A variety of observations followed this m >ti on ; which was at length carried in the affirma tive, and the article in the report now Hands thus: Resolved, that the President of the United States be allowed thousand dollars per an num, as a co'mpenfation for his services to be paid in quarterly payments. Adjourned. TUESDAY, JULY 14. Mr. Ames, of the committee on ele&ions, made a partial report on the contested clc&ion of the State ot New-Jersey, .which was laid on the table. The engrofled bill to regulate the collection of the duties on goods, waves, and merchandize imported into the United States, was read—after which 1 the House proceeded to fill up the blanks. Among others the following : All imported distilled spirits of 24 degrees, by the Hydrome ter, to be reckoned Jamaica proof Thecoft of goods to be eilimatcd at the following rates : Dollars. Cents. The pound sterling of Great-Britain, - 4 44 The livre tournois of France, - - iߣ The florin, or guilder of the United Netherlands, 39 The mark banco of Hamburg, - - 33^ The rix dollar of Denmark, 1 The rix dollar of Sweden, - 1 The ruble of Ruflia, - 1 Real plate of Spain. - 10 The millree of Portugal, - - 1 24 The pound flerling of Ireland, - - 4 10 The tale of China, - 1 48 The pagoda of India, - - 1 94 The rupee of Bengal, - - 55? And ail other currencies in value as near as may be to the laid rates. All duties to be paid in gold and silver. Cents. The gold coin ofFrance, Spain, England and Portugal, ? gQp W f and all other gold coin of equal finenefs, to be valued at ) The Mcxican dollar, - 100 The crown of France, , - - 111 The crown of England* - - 111 And all otherfilver coin of equal finenefs, 111 cents p. oz. The blanks being filled—the quellion, Shall the bill pais ? was carried in the affirmative. The title of the bill was thendetermincd, viz. An ACT to regulate the colleUion of duties imposed on tonnage, and orl goods, wares, and merchandize imported into the United States. Mr. Fit zsi mons introduced a motion, That leave be given tc bring in a bill to provide tor the government ol the Wc-ftern ter ritory, agreeably to the aftsand ordinances of the late Congress, Tins motion was adopted, and Me&rs htzfmons, Sedgwick, and Brown, appointed as the committee. Another motion was then made by Mr. Fitzsimons, That a committee be appointed tobring in a bill providing for the lettle ment of accounts between th : United States and individual States, Agreeably tothcatts and ordinances of the late Congress : This was also agreed to, and Mcirrs Baldwin, Sturgis, and Smith, (of S. C., appointed as the committee. Adjourned till 11 o'clock, to-morrow. FOREIGN AMD DOMESTIC MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES. ZARA, FEBRUARY 27. The Chevalier Emo, is cruizing with our fleet between the Archipelago and the Mediterra nean, it is said he is furniihed with secret in ftrutftions relative to the war between the two Imperial powers and the Porte, and it is report ed that an alliance fubfilts between the two firft and the republic. LONDON, APRIL 24. M. DE SASSURE has been performing phi losophical experiments in the exalted regions of the Alps. He was accompanied by his Ton, and they ascended one hundred and eighty toiies above the top of the Buet, formerly thought the highell acceilible summit of the Alps. Here they found the storms violent, and the cold intense, the wind piercing their hovels, the thunder loud and fre quent, the air fully impregnated with electricity. The appearance of the snow and ice by day, was too refulgent for the eye to bear ; by moon light the profpecft was beautiful beyond conception. The experiments made on this expedition are not only extremely curious and entertaining, but must prove of great use to astronomy. The only ani mal seen in these elevated regions, was a black spider found under itones. As men and Christians, our national character was never, perhaps, more at flake, than in the iflue of Mr. Wilberforce's intended motion on Monday next, for the abolition of theflave-trade. Those who are advocates for the continuance of this unatural traflic, on the principles of policy, we would aik, in the language of the Rev. Mr. Rennie, a writer on that fubjedt, " Is commerce more valuable than Christianity ? Arefugar, rum, and Jamaica pepper, of more importance to the happiness of mankind, than jufUce, mercy and benevolence !" Pamphlets, chiefly in the form of dialogue,are difleminating among the French peafantry,treat ing 011 the natural rights and liberties of man kind. To this practice no opposition is made by the government. The French have, with their usual gallantry, gone farther than ourselves in the plan of their representation. They have given to ladies the right of voting, and of lending Representatives to the General Allembly. BALTIMORE, JULY 7. Captain Weatherby, in the brig Paca, from this port bound to Port-au-Prince, about the Tit of June, in the latitude of Bermuda, fell in with a {hip which was lying to ; supposing her to be in distress, he bore down in order to speak her ; oil coming within hail, she informed him she was from Virginia, bound to Cadiz. Capt. Wea therby then perceived she mounted a number of guns, and was manned in proportion. The Capt. ordered him to bring to, as he intended to fend his boat onboard, Capt. Weatherby im mediately concluded ilie was a pirate, and made all the fail possible : the ship immediately began firing at him, and continued chafing of him for fix hours; one fliot carried away the croofs jack flings ; the brig failing very fail, escaped, and got Safe into Port-au Prince. Capt. Weatherby communicated this intelligence to the Gove, nor, who, it was reported, intended dispatching a frigate inpurfuit of her. She was under Spanish colours, and yellow fides, white bottom, no head, and in ballast.—This intelligence was communi cated by Capt. Weatherby, to Mr. David Plan ket, who has just arrived from Port-au-Prince. Philadelphia, July 8. The time is now approaching, when Ameri cans will be enabled to demonfirate their grati tude towards those persons, who have been in strumental in procuring them that molt invalua ble of human blessings— Liberty. The appointment to offices of trust and profit will soon commence ; and there can be no do'.ibt but that those will have the preference, who have molt diltinguiflied tliemfelves in the cause of free dom. Extrafl of a letter, dated London April 29. « My warm and zealous attachment to the United States induced me to publilh some extracts from your letter, that indicate the glorious prof pedts of your citizens, under the operation of the federal government. " Paragraphs are generally deemed obnoxious, and it is with difficulty that liberty can be pro cured to insert them in any of the public papers. None of the Editors of the ministerial papers would give them a place, as Adminiltration dread the consequences of emigration, whenever Suffi cient encouragement is held out to form the in ducement. " The political reputation of 110 country was ever so much blalled as yours lias been since the peace. It will require an undeviatirig adherence to the maxims of an honest and just policy, to re- Itore your credit, and place you in a refpecftable point of view amonglt the nations of the earth. " You would have had many men ofconfider able fortune, (desirous of making provilion for large families of children) who would have emi grated to your country, but were reltrained, from die general opinion that prevails, that although there was great enjoyment of personal liberty, (even to the extent of licentioufiiefs)there was 110 security for property. That public and private contracts were glaringly violated by legiflatiue bodies, who fliould have been the guardians of the rights of the people. " However, a favorable change of sentiment already appears, and the principles of your feder al Conllitution have in agreatmeafure effe«£tedit. BOSTON, JULY 1. The fifhery the Itaple of Mafi'achufetts, we are told, is verging fall to the grade of Superiority which it held before the revolution ; Marblehead has reached this point, and other towns are not far in the rear. The firft: fares this season have been good, in quantity as well as quality. NEW-YORK, JULY 15, 1789. We hear from Albany, that 011 Saturday lalt, the Hon. Legislature of this State, chose the Hon. Philip Schuyler, and the Hon. James Duane, Senators of Congress for this Diltriist of the Union. By an editft of the King of France, dated Paris April 20, 1 789. The premiums or bounty granted 011 the importation of grain and flour into that kingdom from the United States, is doubled, and. continued to the firft of September 1 789. Extract of a letter from Salem, July 11. " It is with thankfulnefs we can inform you, that we are now cutting down our liarvefl, and that we have the greatest profpedl of the largest crops that we have had for many years ; and the molt part use no rum in cutting it down." On Wednesday the lit inllant, the Rev. lfrael Evens, was installed Paltor of the Church of Con cord, New-Hampshire. Saturday arrived here the brig Prudence, Capt. Swan, from a Whaling voyage''. fpjr* Threee months have now elapsed fines the commencement of this publication : Our patrons wi/lpleafe to notice the terms of fubjerip ticn : Those at a diflance who can cause payments to be made in thts city will fir cat/v accommodate and oblige the editor.
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