f, THE BEDFORD GAZETTE 18 rOBLIBHEU EVERY FRIDAY MORNING RY IS. F. IW GYEfftS, At the following terms, to wit: $3 00 per annum, if paid within the year. s3.ftp '< " if not paid withiu thu year. D3t~No subscription taken lor legs than six months CE7"iNo paper discontinued until all arrearages are paid, unless al the option of the publisbei. It has been decided by the United States Courts that the stoppage of a juwspap'r without the payment of arrearages fade evidence of fraud and as a criminnU^pHce. OS-lie courts have decided that persons are ac countable for the subscription price of newspapers, if they take them from the post office, whether they snbsriibe for them, or not. THE SCHOOLMASTER ABROAD. EDITED QY SIMON SYNTAX, ESQ All contributions to this column must be addressed to "Simon Syntax, Box 33, Bedford, Pa." TRUE AMBITION. Ambition, with fairy-like power, seems to call forth not only the extant powers of our minds, but actually creates new life, new thought, and gives to us the energy and perseverance, which are needed to accomplish our wishes. Earthly • ambition, scorns to evince itself in our' enrlics childhood, causing us to feel anxious and emu lous to' excel our young competitors, in all games and plays that are suitable to our age. From that time forward we aro more or loss influenced by its syren voice, to contend cither nobly or ignobly on the battle field of life, for the posses sion of pleasures, riches and worldly glory, such as they then nppear to our dazzled vision and excited Imagination. If thus enfthly ambition, which comes with our beings, and clings to us tenaciously, could in all cases bo turned info the proper channel and made the sure basis upon which the structure of true anAition should rest in. how different would not only our feelings, but our hopes and our fates. Ambition seems to admit of t wade visions—true and false.' False ambition springs not so much from an evil heart, as from one that has been badly trained ; and in many instances so sadly neglected, as to deprive * it of all wholesome thought, all honorable aim. In infancy and youth, wo commence our first lessons, not only of mental but of moral training; and hpon the nature of our first impressions, de pends much of our after happiness or misery. It is then that false or true ambition will be engen dered into our beings, and our future career be made either honorable or dishonorable, by the influence of those who act as our preceptors.— to give proper impulses to others, wo must first feel and experience them ourselves j otherwise our advice will prove cold and fruitless, produc ing neither pleasure no benefit. For if wo nev er follow out in our own regard, the advico, which wo so freely tender others, they will nat urally lose confidence, and withdraw their respect and affection from us.* In order to do this our own early training-should be of the most unex ceptionable character, our own hearts pure.— Thus we see that scholarship alone is not the only requisite to make 1 lie true teacher. They •should feel a disinterested affection for those with -whom they labor, a strong desire to impart not only knowledge, bat to plant the germ of all future greatness and goodness, a true and well directed ambition. If then our earthly happi ness and usofuluess cannot be successfully at tained, by any other means, than through a proper and well guided ambition why is it that Parents and Teachers seo:n to give the subject BO little attention ? why do they pass it by, as something most excellent to theorize about, but seldom attempt to test its worth, by practice or experience. In the homo circle, even more than in the schoolroom do children show their natural . dispositions and inclination. There at least they feel free, to act in accordance, with the impulses of their natures, and to give vent to every thought untarnished by deceit or dissimulation. At home, and at home only, can the good work be begun, by those who love us most, and therefore whose affection should even prompt them, to la bor most devotedly, and sincerely for our Hikes., It has been said, and wisely said, that that which wo truly love, we study, think upon, and watch with an eagerness and anxiety which to the cold and selfish may appear almost incred ible. If this assertion bo true, and I doubt it not, how many misguided persons there are in the world according to that standard. For al though all profess to love, yet, in reality, how few ever attempt to study the peculiar turn of mind, tastes, habits, or ambition of those indi viduals placed bnnenih their care and protec tion. If true friendship can prompt us to make many sncrilices, can cause us to feel watchful and solicitous for the welfare of those to whom vyo devote ourselves, how much more eager and deep should he. the love of parents for their chil dren. Their bvc, like the emerald, which poets say spring from the depths of the sea, should also arise from the depths of their hearts, and prove, by its constancy and brightness, its truo beauty, its true aim. Ih the schoolroom, the intelligent, zealous and conscientious teacher may do much towards en deavoring to cradicato evil habits by arousing proper impulses, ami thus lay a secure founda tion for truo ambition, llut this he cannot ac complish unloss he is aided by the parent and the effects of good homo inlfucnco. To the cx nmplo aud efforts of virtuous parents and teach ers, wo not only owe the groat and good of our own age, but that of all preceding ages. No individual ever has attained, or ever will attain, any standard of excellence without the kindly assistance of parent, friend or teacher. To God weowo our existence, and to our natural pro tectors, the instrument ol his mercy in our re gard, we owe our education, our usefulness and our future greatness. Man may boast of his independence, ef his freedom, but by n wise and inscrutable law, framed by the Giver of all laws, each creature must depend one upon another, without regard to race, clime, quality or distinc tion. Since, then, we arosodepondent, so uni ted as it were by ties which we cannot sever, and governed by laws that we neither can sub vert or understand, why do we hot try to make that state prescribed for ourselves and others a -pleasant journey, a happy pilgrimage', the ter mination of which will bo but the beginning of a new existenco, a purer, a holier state? To the heartless worldling, this language wilt appear absurd and foolish; in bis heart no echoing an swer will be found, except such as would create discord and bring disgrace upon hi:, manhood. And let me ask, why is he thus hardened, thus alienated, thus worried and tempest tossed by the many and sudden changes to which wo arc all exposed? Because his early education was wrong, his homo influence of a spurious char acter, and his ambition misplaced- To these three evils, but especially to the latter, can wo well attribute his falsa ideas, bis false conduct, and his still falser position. If, thcit, we would ** * • * * •/. *' r-r f . ' f . 1 l* wO " % ' VOLUME 3t>. NEW SERIES avoid the misforttino of such a fate, wo must ask ourselves this serious question : What is ambition f To what does it lead? True ambition seems to me to he hut the active,, and working agent of that inner voice, called con science. When conscience prompts us to med itate upon some good and noble deed, some philanthropic net, does not ambiton como for wnrd with its plentiful help to assist us in ac complishing each higliminded resolvo, each gen erous thought! Thus showing the beautiful unanimity that naturally exists between our conscience and our ambition. Hand in hand they go, most mysteriously blended together for our safety and protection. The one, a sure and silent monitor, the other a willing hut powerful actor. If then we acknowledge this truth, and resign ourselves to the guardianship of two such guides, need we doubt our safety, need we ask our destiny? MotUi'nks not, with two such, helmsmen we can well rest secure. Storms may and will arise, but, with the eye of laifh, we will still turn to those loved and trusted oneh, to steer us to that promised haven, to that land of peace and rest. With this bright trust, this fixed and firm hope, our lives shall ho lives of usefulness, and our death hut entrance into eter nal joys, there to forever realize, without doubt or pain, the true nature of all our dreams, our hopes, and our ambition. GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE- To the Ben ito and Htttse of Represent itives of the CommonioeMi if Penniulonaia. Gkntiemek : Tlio past year has afforded us new cause of tnmk fuhnsi to the Almighty for the moral ami materi al o'essings which ho has bestowed upda us. The balance in the treaiafy No vember 30, 1862, wis $2,172,84110 Receipts during fiscal voir end ing November 80, 1803 4,289.451 05 Total in Trenlinrj for lineal rear ending No vein her 80, 1803, 6,402,295 75 The payments lor tiie satne peri od have been ' 4,814,904 05 Batmen in Treasury November 80, 1803 2,147,331 70 The operations 1 the sinking fund during the last rear have been shown by nry Procla nation ol the Bth day of September list, us followt : Amount of debt Commonwealth redoed * " $954,720 40 As fOlh'WS, VZ ! • Coupon Loan Act, May 4, 1802 100,000 00 Vivo per cent 790,716 50 Focr and tine half per cent 03,000 Oo Relief notes cancelled 953 00 Domestic creditoss' certi ficates . 18 00 Interest Certificates paid 27 90 $954,720 40 Amount of pniiiie d bt of Pennsylvania as it sfood ou the Ist clay of Decern her, 1802 $10,443,218 82 Deduct amount redeemed at the State Treasury during tho fiscal year, ending with November 30, 1803, viz : Five per cent. stocks $888,499 78 Four and a half por cent stocks 63,900 00 Relief notes 109 'OO Domestic erod iters' certiU cafes 8 20 $961,017 04 Pnftlio debt December Ist, 1863, $79,490,690 78 funded debt, viz s 0 pur cent, loaus $109,080 00 Funded debt viz .- 5 per cunt, loans 35,709,936 45 Funded debt, viz .- 4j per cent loans 1168.201) 00 $30,378,816 45 Unfunded d-ht, viz : Relief notes in circula tion $97,261 00 Interest certificates outstanding 15,356 58 Interest certificates . nnclti filed 4,418 38 Domestic creditors!? certificates W 724 82 $117,780 33 $80,490,690 78 Military Lean per Act of May loth, 1801 $3,000,000 00 Total indebtedness $39,496,690 78 By the act of loth May, 1861 authorizing the ndlitnrr loan o! $3,000,000, a tax of one half mill was laid on real and personal property,- to furnish a fund' for redeeming the same. I recommend that the commissioners of the sinking fund lie directed to invest flic proceeds of the tax ill State loan, so that It may he drawing interest, to bo in like in in ner invested, or that lliev should apply sued pro ceeds directly to the pure into of certificates of the military loan, and cancel such certificates us shall lie purchased. Although our finances arc sliil in n healthy con dition, it is necessary to invite tin soriuus attention of the tiegi'latnro to tho consideration of tbu means nf maintaining thein unimpaired in futiiro. By tlie act of 12th June, 1840. it was provided that the interest on the State loans should iilw iy he paid in specie or its equivalent, and that when ever the funds in tho Treasury giiould lie of less Value than specie, tho diffetencu In value should lie asceitained ami coriittd to the Governor, who should thereupon issue his warrant to the agents or banks authorized to pay such interest on behalf of the Commonwealth, to allow such difference to par ties receiving the interest, or at tho option of the parties to pay the same in specie. By tho act of 11th April, 186*2, it was provided that foi the purpose of paving in specie or Its equivalent, all inteiest that shoit'd thereafter be due by the Commonwealth, as required by the act of 12th Juno, 1840, the several oanks who should avail themselves of the provisions of that act, ot (1 1 tii Apiil, 1862,) and who should refuse to redeem their notes in spoelc, bmd.-mmd, at auy time with in ton days upon or after the time when such inter est should become din, should thereafter, whan re quited by the 8 ate Treasurer, by notice in writing, pay Into tin State Treasury, in proportion to the capital stock paid in of each bank, their latahie proportion ot such premium for gold or its equiva lent, ns should have been actually pi id by U3 State. By tho act of tho 80th January, 1863, it wat. pro vided that the State Treasurer should exchange with thn tanks an amount of currency sufficient to pay the interest on the State debt falling dua on Freedom of ttuioa. BEDFOtUigkIgUDAY MOKIpfIANUARY 22, 1864. the first days ot February and tor the same amount of coin, and shouBHL; to thj hank., specie certificates ot shle, pledging the laltlj ot the State VmK said coin in exchange fir notes current on or before the first Monday of ccrtfiicfttes to bear Interest At the rate opNnHfeat. per annum. Under the provisions of the act of WHBliin banks pi id into ibe State Treasury $ HO,?jljKfh us an < quiv dent for coin lor the payment^p^u terest on the public debt. Under the not of 1883, specie certificates have been given to the hunks, amounting in the whole to $1,308,804 97, which with tbo securing interest, will (all duo on the first Monday ot March next. As the provisions of this act wore of u tempora ry character, the ooly acts now in force on thy sub ject are tuose of 1840 and 1888, ahovo mentioned, under which it will be the duty of the State author ities to pay tho Interest on tbo Ist February. 1884, and thereafter, in coin or its equivalent, aitd look to tho banks that may bo liable uuder the net of 1808 for reimbursement of thy premium paid by the Commonwealth. In the face of all difficulties, this Commonwealth, actuated hy a sentim tut which dors its people honor lias hitherto paid its Interest in coin or its nquiva lent. Existing circuntstauces make it noivssary to consider now the fair extent of her just obligations. The exigencies of "the times have compelled the Gov. rninent of the United Statds to In she large amour,ts ot Treasury notc£ for circulation, which are not redeemable in coin, and winch lortu the great mars of our circulating medium. It is our duty s a loyal State—it is our Interest as a State whose welfare, and even safetv, depend emphatically upon tire maintenance of tho credit and the success of the military operations of the g-ooral Government—to do nothing to impair its credit or embarrass its measures. On the contrary we otto it to oursolvaa and to our posteri'r to give an active support to its offirts to quell the mon strous lobellion which is still raging, aoo thus re store peace to our distracted country. It is our own Government, and v, j coul i not, Without gross indeurey. attempt togefuso its cur rency in payment of tnxos and other debts uuo to the Commonwealth. , In lb#J the case was very (JJClrenl. The diflj culties then arose from tho suspension ot specie payments by cut Sta'e banks, mere local and pti vntc corporations, and tho State very properly by the act of that year, intended to provi'do against loss to its creditors by reasonsef such suspensions. An exigency like the present could not then have been foreseen by the Legislature, and it is to be inferred therefore that they could not have intended to tv>- vide lor it. We derive our system of public loans from Eutopo, and tl o true extent ot our obllgatiotis is to be n scoria toed by referring to the known estab lished practice iof European governments priors to tbo dutes when gar loans were iff.clad, I mean of course governments as wore held to have nmntaflMucir nation at credit. It ts believed to been the it'iifoiiit pric'ice of such governmotit4m)ay tbeir interest in piper currency, however depreciated, during a legalized suspension of specie pairueifis. An observable in stil,,...) of litis is nH'otdud hiLfhe course of the Brilih Government, which during twenty-five years, Iront 17U7 to whien tlio b-uk. was prohibited by law from paying out coin for any purpose, paid the interest on its public debts in hank notis, which dining a great part of that time were at a heavy discount, soinetims amount ing to 80 per cent, or thereabout. Their neces sities then Were not greater than ours are now. Among ourselves, at the present timo, .Massa chusetts (whoso debt is believed to he very stuull) pays tho interest in coin. Ohio and Indiana pay in currency. In New York it is riot known what will he done. Her Logbdatnro hv concurrent res olution, ordered the inmost to tie paid in colu to foreign stockholders, in April list. At the present rate of premium on gull, the sunt tiecossary to piy on tin amount sntiicietit to dis charge too annual interest on the State debt, would bo more than $1,000,000, and to meet this, addi tional taxation to that extent wnui 1 ho unavoidable. The demands on the Treasury fur other m><v-entry purposes must probably be attcli as to render it imprudent to throw any part ol this expenditure on the existing surplus. To borrow money from year to year to pay tlic interest ou past It ana would, of course, bo wholy inartinissibV. To leave the act of 1862 in force, and attest to ihrotv the pay ment ol this large premium annually on the banks, would be uot only ll.grantly unjust, but quite iin practicable. I recommend tlio wuoio subject to the careful and immediate consideration of the Legis lature. Some I ig'slaiiott ought to bo had on It be fore the close of the prcs'-nt. moulh. In inv opin ion the Commonwealth wal have I'ldfli'ted her oil- ! [ ligations by prjvidlng for the payment of hm-in terest in the currency of the Government. If the ! Legislature should think fit to continue to pav it ' in coin,it will be thdr duty to lovy forthwith tin; I heavy taxes necussiry fir that purpose. I must ! in pissing observe that the plan adopted by one of I the Stab s oi paying coin to foreign, and currency | to domestic loan holders, appears to me lo lie who- | liy unwise, and founded on no legilinitio principle, j At the close of the last session, r.ineteon liillß i renewing the eh,meters o< curtain hanks for an- 1 other pcri"d of ii-o years were presented to mi. i Of these I have (lor poisons which willl he here-1 ufter communicated ) withhold my pignaturo from one and tippioved the remaiuder. I have iieen led ' to sign thi on by iho considerations that the banks' of tlni Commonwealth pay a largo revenue which I the State can ill idler.l to lose, and that iu tiie i present condition of tbo country it would be ira- j politic to drive so much capital out of active use : or force it into now employments. If the National II inking system afford sufficient j inducements, capital will voluntarily take that di- I rection. It is proper to observe tUat the charac tors of most ot t ie binks in question expire at an j early period, wnilo in consequence of tbo invasion ! of the State, during thu last summer, they could ■ not have been reasonably expected to givo the nec- , esssry notice of renewed applications for re-cliar-' tor. I recommend nn extonsibn of tho time during which the bnnks are now telieved from penalties for not piying their obligations in coin. Tho iucreased exprnses of liflng invito attention to the salaries", of cur public officers- Those of tho Secretary of the Commonwviltb, Auditor Gen eral and Stnte Treasurer, and of tho Clerks in their employment ate. In my opinion, too low, especially us the exigencies of the times have gtnat ly enhanced the labors end rusponsihlltfes ol all, al.d In tho caao of tho heads of those departments, enforce a constant attendance at Uarrishurg, which was not formerly required. Under the Act of 16th April, 1862, and Irs sup . plemcnt passed April 22nd 1868, the Adjutant Gen eral, Quartermaster General and Commissary Gen \ era! haVe osen acting u.i the Board of Military Claims. Tltcy havo, up to this time, approved claims tp ibo amount of $166,416 81, and others have been nlrendy presented to the further amount ot $382, 120 21), which have not yot haen acted on. Under O0 Act of 22nd April, 1863, (P. L. 629.) the Court of Common Pleas, iippoluted three appraisers to asceitain tho damage duuo in the connties on the Southern horde* In-tho militia nailed into service in September, 1862, hy the Anderson Cavalry in the ainr.o month, and by thu Ucbelsiu t.iair raid on the 10th uud 11th October, 1862. The Appraisers havo not yet completed tho pcr , f.trmance of their- duties. When their report shall have been made to the Court ot Common 1 Fleas and affirmed, iu whole or in part, by the court, it will be the duty oi tho Governor to claim the payment of the amounts, from the Genera Government, and on failure to secure the same, Ihen to retiort to the next Legislature, reenm-i mending such action as be may deem just ami proper. The expenses of tho Transportation and Tele graph Deportment during the past year have been us fellows : Pttid (out of appropriation made . by Military Loan act of 1561) .$13,658 87 Unpaid (the appropriation being ox liausud) 15,764 79 Outstanding liabilities, estimated at 6,000 00 $34,423 06 These expenses have been mainly incurred in keeping up tbe necesssty correspondence of the military departments and In the transportation of sick and wounded and the dead bodies of our vol nnteerg, as will be Been by tho report of the Chief of Transportation, herewith communicated. I rocommem' au appropriation to meet the deficien cy, and also to carry on the service of this depart ment hereafter. By theiblrteenth section.of the act of the 15th May, 1861, the sum of $20,060 wss appropriated to lie expended by the Governor tor the compen sation <>l such persons aa be might require to serve tho Commonwealth in tho railitiry organization ot thubtrto or General Government, and for the ex penses incident to the business In which they might bojunployed. I have, according to law, settled annual accounts oltiio expenditure ol tins fund in the Auditor Gen eral's ollice, to which the Legislature is referred. The unexpended balance is now $1,521 98. A firther sum should lie appropriated in like manner. Out of tiiis fundi have paid the persons whom X lonnd it necessary to employ in the military de partment, and the expends of the agency which I was compelled to establish at Washington to at tend to tho interoat and wellarotof our volunteers. The c.outiuuance of this agency and the estab lishment of a smaller one in the West are of vital importance to them. I recommend tho passage of an uct authorizing the appointment of agents at Washington and Nashville, and defining their du ties, which should include the collection of all bounties, back pay, pensions, etc., due to Penu sylvanismf. On tit is subject I refer the Legislature to tho report ol Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, late Agent of tlw'&fate, at Washington, herewith communicated and Commend it to yout careful ex iraination. On the iuvssien of the Stale during the last sum mer, tho President made a call tor milttii,and with his assent I subsequently made a call for volunteer militia for the defense of the State. Under these calls men were assembled and organized with promptness, after the reality ot the emergency came to lw understood by our people. Tbu general Gov ernment clothed, uod subsisted this force, nu.l nyeed to pay it, but as no appropriations for that purpose had been made hy Congress, the President and Secretary of War promise 1 if the money should be advanced ftjnn other quarters to recommend its immediate payment on 'he meeting of Congress. It is understood that steps Itav . already been ta ken to fulfil this pledge. Several of the banks cheerfully and readilv advanced the necessary funds to tiie amount of $671,47fi 43, ou my promise to iTCtftutnend to the Legislature an sppronrmtion to repay litem ia case Congross should fail to mako otic. I accordingly make that recommendation most emphatically. Should it ho necessary. I will hereafter, In a special message, give the details and correspondence relating In this subject. New York an 1 New Jersey, under the Presi dent's cad. sent regtm. Nts to assist in our defence, for which our thanks are duo to those States, our good neighbors. After the battle of Gettysburg, in which loyal volunteers from eighteen States, including Penn sylvania, were engaged, it appeared to rq s proper that all those State 3 should unite in establishing a cemetery on the spot, in which their soldiefs who had fallen in that conflict, should be honorablv in terred. 1 accordingly appointed David Wills, Esq., of Gettysburg, my agent, and through him, a situ was purchased at a cost of £3,476 37, and the j conveyances made to the Commonwealth. On j communicating with the authorities of tho other 1 States, they all readily agreed to become partiea i to the arrangement, and on the 19th day of No vember last, the cemetery was dedicated with ap- I piopiiate ceremonies in the presence of the Pres j ident of the United States, the Governors of the ; States concerned, ana other high officers, State and fvational. On the 19th dav of December, on the | invitation of Mr. Wills, commissioners represent- I ing the States interested in the cemetery met in j Harrisbure and agreed upon a plan for its improve- I went and care in the future, and the apportion ment of the sum oi money required, to the seve i ral States, which is herewith communicaied. The j expenses attending the establishment of this eem l etery, including the cost of the site and of remov ing the bodies of the slain, have thus far amount ed to $5,209 38, and an appropriation will be re quited to pay these expenses and to meet our por tion of those attending its futui e maintenance. It will eppear by the proceedings of the commission er". that their due proportion of the expenses al ready incurred are to be refunded by the States on •whose account they were made. It is just to say that Mr. Wills has discharged his delicate and im portant duties with fidelity and to my entire sat isfaction. The act for the lelief of families of volunteers in service may require some revision. It is alleg ed that in some paits of the State the county au thorities ate backward in executing the law. If this bs so, the members from the different counties will be aware of the fact, and will be most ready to make such further enactments as may"he proper. I commend tr. the prompt attention of the Legis. latu'O the eul j.-ct of the relief of poor orphans of our soldiers WHO have given, or shall (five their linis to the country during this crisis. In my opinion, their maintenance and education should he provided for by the State. Failing other natural friends of ability to provide for them, they should be honora bly received and foetered ns children of the Com monwealth. The $50,000 heretofore given by the Pennsylvania Kail road Company, referred to in my Inst nunual message, is s!ill unappropriated, and I recommend that this sum, with snoh other means AS the Legislature may think fit, be applied to this end, in such manner as may be thought most ex pedient and effective, la anticipation of the adaption of a more perfrct system-, I recommend that provision he made for securing the admission of snch children into existing educational establish ments, to be there clothed, ndrturod and instructed at the public expense. 1 niaicn this rccomraenda lidn earnestly, fooling assnred that in doing so, I represent the wishes of the patriotic, the Benevo lent and the good, of the Statu, 1 invito the attention of the Legislature to thu condition of the loyal people of East Tennessee, which is represented to be most deplorable, and ap peahjvith irresistible force alike to your sympa thies ami your nouso of justice. Their wholo coun try has been laid waste by the contending armies of the Government and the rebels. Four times large armies have passed over that district, destroying or carrying off all that had been gathered for the ap proaching winter, and now the women and children are left in a state of destitution. The representations mado by sundry gentlemen o.f the highest respectability, from that State, ate of tho must l.oart rending character. Starvation, actual and present, now exist. Can wo, iu the midst ul' diluent abundance, for a moment hesi tates as tu what our action shall lie towards tho people whose only crime baa been their loyalty and WHOLI KIJnBER, 3093 [ tlevotiOD to the Government 1 Even if a portion of our cbarity should retch tjio starving families ot those in sympathy with tbo rebellion, belter it should, tb*n that these devoted, self sacrificing people who have so unhesitatingly adhered to the Government, tie left to suffer. Whenever pesti lence find famine distressed the people of any por tion of our country, we have always hten loriunost in relieving them, end the people of Pcnrfsylvania have extended tneir open handed liencvolenee anil broad charity to the starving people of foreign countries. Shall it be said that the appeals oftheso people for broadtail upon the hoirt of Pennsylva nia in vain, and tbat we who have ao recently given thanks for our ahnndanno have no relief for them in their extremities ? I commend the subject through you to the people of the S'ate, ns worthy the tmmediri'e attention and active exertions ot tbo charitable and the bbeisl. ' I should be glad if the Legislature would m"ke I n general revision of out Revenue Laws, with a I view to their increasl productiveness. It oAght j to be observed that for u period of mere than twenty years, no material change Ins been made in tbo Revenue Laws of this Commonwealth. During I that time some interests have grown into new im | pottance, end should he made to hear their jest proportion ot the public expense, since all taxation should as far as possible, press equally upon the properly and employments ot oar peopla. Failing such revision, I recommend to the con sideration of the Legislature, the following sug, gestions couuected with the su'ject. | 1. Thero nro Haven! companies in the State which, in addition to large mining priril-ges have the control of the routts of transportation, by which alone the products of the mines of individu als in their respective districts, can reach a tnarKft. These companies thus enjoy substantial monopn. lies, hy means of Which they not onlv receive, the lair profits of their own prosperity, hnt are enabled to uiuke additional heavy gains at the expense of individuals. In mv opinion such privileges ought never to have been granted, but as they exist it ap. I pears to he just that the class of companies which ' enjoy tliem, should pay therefor an additional specific tax. It. Very lafga gums aro dun to the Common wealth for unpatented lands. Forbearance, clem ency, and liberality have been in vain tried in the numerous attempts to procure the payment of at least a part of Ibis debt, from the larger portion of those who are indebted on that account. The con tinuance of this state of atfairs ts unjust to the' Com monwealth and to the vast majority of her people who have honestly paid tor their lands. It has become unendurable. I recommend thst too Legislature provide that tbo Surveyor General shall ffl of record in the oilice of the Court of Common Fleas of each county, u description of the lands subject to the lieu of the Commonwealth for pur. chase money, and a statement of the smouut of principal and interest now duo to lite Common wealth, together witli the patent fees on each tract au l ten per ceut, on the amount so due for the labor 4nd cost of making and filing such statement; and the aggregate amount thus Hated, for each tract, shall be htl 1 to ho the amount, now dun th >roon to the Commonwealth, which shill bear interest at the rate of twelve per cent, per annum, till paid, and shall continue to ha -.the first lies on the Din), tilt paid, and shall not tie diverted by any ju<tiei,ii ,(iiei' Bale whatever. 1 also recommend the adoption of if suggestion cohtelned in thh Sur veyor Genera I.'s report that a specific tax bo Did on all unpatented lands. 3. By existing laws municipal corporations are required to deduct and pay into the Treasury jtlie tax on all hjnuscontracted hy them. It is believed that a large addition would accrue to the revenue by Iho extension of liiis provision to all counties and to all corporations private or public. I recommend that it be so extended. 4. A tax oa Hie gross receipts of all railroad and canal compaiii -a would, it is believed, he productive and not oppressive. Upon satisfactory reports, according to law, im.lj by Colonel John A. W light, I have drawn my warrants for tho delivery to the Philadelphia ami Erie Railroad company ol another million of the bonds deposited in the State Treasury. Four mil lions ot said bonds- have therefore been now de livered. There can he no reasonable doubt of tho early completion of the work, and, when completed, it ir confidently expected that the bonds held by tho Statu, secured on the rotd for $3,500,U01), will become gooi interest-paying securities. I renew most earnestly tho recommendation undo 'in my last annual message oi a revision of iho militia laws. They aro a. present shamefully de fective. Indeed, if by a militia law is m-uut a law intended to provide torso enrol irg and organizing tiie military force of the Statu that it may ho put into service when required, wo may he said to have no militia law. In each of thu last tw< years I have Imen obliged to call out the miiitia, hut in tact those w ho obeyed tho call were volunteers and, with some exceptions, whero wholly unorganized, so ihat al most in face ol the enemy, time flail to he consu med iti distributing the men into companies and regiments, in electing officers and ip other prepa rations (or effective organiz ition. In the report of tho Adjutant General will bo found a list of the Ponnsy ivana regiments and a statement showing tho several armies and depart ments in which tliey are. uow sorving. lu ".his con nection, I suggest tho propriety of legislative authority being ;.iven for the preparation of a his tory of each of our reglmcuta and other orginlz.i tious, to be proservod among cur archives. The necessary documents aro now accessible, and as they may in time he lost destroyed, the making ol such a record as I propose should not lie defer red. It is due alike to the living and the dead that this subject should ho promptly acted on. I recommtnd that the proposed amendments to tlm Constitution, giving to citizens in the public service out of thu State, the light to vole, he pas sed promptly .nyd submitted to nvoto of tho peoplo at ss early n day us posnbloi so tint such citizens may exorcise their right cd -uifl'rjge at nil future elections. This wonid be"only doing Justice to tho brave men who are periling their lives in our de fence. 1 It is highly Important that we should replenish i the ranks of our regiments in tho Held neil supply i the places of those volunteers whose terms wiil ' soon expire and who may decline further service, i J am happy to say that at large proportion of onr regiments are re enlisting. Efforts are making hy royself-and hy the people ip various portions of tho State to procure a sufficient number of volunteers, and with a promise of success, provided a reason * able time be allowed for tho ptirposr. MeSnwliils 'persons profosaingto he oßleers and ogents from ; some other S.tgtdS are moat improperly endeavoring j to seditpi; our,citizens into their service by vxirava ! gant fxotntieeWnd promises. i The i2ih .-aecUon ol tho act of 15lh May. 1861, I prohibits any from leaving the State 1 withonttho anthorlty.of the Coventor, und 1 now ro j commend tho pass-ago of a law imposing penalties | by flue and imprisonment on ail individual* who endeavor to procure or aid and assist in procuring ! any poraon In this State to oi.hst in the volunteer | serviceof any other t-jtate. M-utv of our eouutieti | and townships bavj filled their quetasat u largo ex ponso, and in others they are In course of doing 1 the aamo by ofi'-ra of liberal bounties add provi sions for the families of volunteers, and mid it is not j right that these patriotic etiorts should he em barms* , .-toil by interlorenccfrom beyoodonr borders, espe ! cially ss we cannot, in the so circuroatancus rffjr bounties hy the Statu, without the injustice of cout ; polling the connties and townships which liuvo al ready contributed largely In that way,.to assist iu paying, hy taxation, for the deficiency of other*. 1 1 feet it to be my duty to call your attention to i ring the last ten days ol the last session. 390 hill* were presented tor mjlgnUure, many W Uuim ol the most infflpttliiit charset#r. TUe *Mrfo itfrnilier of bills preacted If* me (tgring the'session, was 716 In consequence of this habit not only are bills pas* sed without an opportunity to either House for a proper consideration of their provisions, bht the Executive is compelled either to sign them without examination, or to hold them over perhaps dpskbe • public inconvenience. It may often bappeqctMt a"" bill not approved by reason of a single olvsmteua clause, might if there itije-timti .TafTffllimii mp. ting the objectionable- prevision. _fn connection with tin) subject ot legislation, >1 must refer to - nother m'cbiet; General laws have bseu passed to give relief iu certain cases which formerly a special act in each case. As for Instance the a!o of lands by exceptors, administrators and trusteei, the adoption of children, the creation of udniig and manufacturing corporations, and so forth.— Those laws were passed to ensure such an exami nation in each case ns would enabio justice m be done to file parties and to the public, and slab to save the time and expense consumed in private le gislation.. They have hitherto effected neither pur pose, but Ido seriously urge oil tho Legiilaturo , the consideration that whoever applies for a special, act under suoh clrcum stances must either fear the result of an impartial inquiry or (if the application be for charter)- must detfre the omission or inser tion of some provision contrary to what tho Legis lature has determ'"ncd"hfterTnatnro consideration to be just and legitimate. t-' I refer to the Auditor General's and Stales Tress- VOL. 7, NO 25. urer's reports tor the details of our financial tiff iirs, ami to the reports of the Surveyor General, Ad jit- J tint General, Quartermaster General, Commissary . General, Surgeon General, Agent at Washington, Chief c( Transportation ami Telegraph Department, and Superintendent of Common Schools, in regard to their several departments. In May last it tvaa believed irem information re ceived, thit General Lee intended to invade this Stale. Comitinnications on thestllject Were immedt elv sent to Washington:) urging that preparations fov effective defense should not be delayed. Accords 1 „ incly (he War Department erected two new milita ry departments, viz : The Department of the Mon engabela. Including that, portion of the Stgtc lying west of the mountains, to be commanded by Msj.- Gen. Brooke,-and the Department .of the Susque hanna!), comprising the jem tinder of the State, and to ne commanded by Msj. Gen Coueb. Daily in June, Maj. Gou. Couch arrived at Har rishnrg sntf assumed command of his department, which he liaa since exercised with the soldierlike promptness, energy and discretion which were to he expected from his known character. The rebels having aritiuilly entered the State I* some force, and the approach of their whole array r being eminent, the President made a requisition lor nulitia from this and some of the neighboring Statas mid several regiments Icon) A'ow I'orK and .Now Jer._ • sey were promptly sent, and cur own volunteer militia began to assemble, Wit some embarvshsuieiKs arising, the President assented to call by the Ex ecutive of the Slate, which was nccordfngiv made. Under these calls 6,106 of ttiu men of Pennsylva nia were assembled in the Department ot General Brooks, and 31,422 in that cf General Couch. To give the details, or even a summary of tho ofera- V l.ons which ensued, would bo impracticable within the limits cf a message. It is necessary to rfo so as I have recommended the adoption Of measures for preserving the history of our several regiments and other organ [sitions, and in that history the events to which 1 have referred will be recorded. — It is duo, huwever, to lli men who came torwaid, thu* 1 should say now ihgt they made long and la bullous marches in parts of this and other States had been plundered by tho rebels, suffered great * privations, and were frequently in conflict with tho enemy ; and on nil ocessiona acted in ohedlertce to military discipline and orders, and with couiago and endurance, Some n! the militia called in 180*1, and in USC, were killed and others disabled. In all tbes# ctee, wliefe thuro ar uo laws for the relief of' these men or their families, I recommend the enactment of a ' law tor tbat purpose. The campaign on our soil was closed by the vic tory of Gettysburg*, pfainrt by the Veteran Aim* of the to to mac, under the command of Major General Meade, tho officers and men ol which displayed all thoir accustomed endurance in tho conJ" tl'Ct, and in tire forced and rapid marc litre which lm- „ mediately preceded u. Under Divine I'rovidence, to them nd to fhe military genius and unsurpassed energy of General Meade, and the promptness aud self-sacriilctng gal lantry of General Reynolds, we aro iodebtnd for success on £liat bloody fI.M. Wo arc proud to claim General? Jleado and Rey nolds as sons of our own Pennsylvania. Tha first lives to enjoy the most precious of all rewards tbo grateful appreciation q( Ms countryiuen. The lat ter fell in the very front of the battle, aud we can only,pay hoimge-io bis memory. Whatever,honors have been at any time devised to commemorate tbo virtues of a patriot—*.f a true, fearless, loyal * citizen and soldier, ho baß abuudantlv deserved. His surviving companions in arms claim the right, of themselves erectiug a monument to him on the field on which lie foil, anl it would qot bo well to interfere with their pious intention. But I hopo 4 that the Legislature will place upon tbo records of tho Statu sorno appropriate testimony of tbe public gratitude to him aud his surviving cnjmandr. It would he unjust to omit referring again to the loyal spirit of our people, wbicb has been evin ced in every mode since this w.<r Commenced. Not only have they rent 277 40W men for tbe general iinci special service of tho Goveraiueut, and sup- f ported with cheerfulness the burdens of taxation, hut Our storehouses and depots have literally over fl .'tved with comforts and necessaries, spontaneous ly contributed by them, under the active cate of thousands of our women, (faithful nuto death,) for j tho sick and wounded and prisoners, as well an for our armies fu the field. Their patriotic,benev olence seems to bo inexhatistable. To every new call, tho response becomes more and more liberal. When intelligence was received of tho barbarian starvation of our prisoners in Richmond, fhe gar ners of l ho whole State were instantly tkrowu open, and before any similar movement had been made elsewhere, I was already employed on behalf of our people in efforts to secure the admission through tho rch. I lines of the abundant supplies provided for tbe rnlief of our suffering brethren. Those of our citizens who have fallen iuto the habit of dis paraging rur great Commonwealth and tlib unsur passed efforts of her people should blush nhsu they look on this picture. That this unnatural rebellion may In rpaedily and effectually crushed, we lie—all—under the oh- j ligations of one paramount duty—tiiat ot vigorous ly supporting our Government in it* measures to that cad. To the full extent ofmy official snd ln dividu <1 ability it shall ho so supported, and I rely heartily on your co-operation, iam ready lor all proper measures to strengthen its arm— to enoour°> age Its upholders—to stimulate by public liberality, to themselves and their families, tho men who give it to their personal service—ln every mode to in- '* vigorato its action. Wo are lighting the great bat- | tie of God—of trnth—of right—of liberty, The Almighty Iras no attribute that can favor our savage r and degenerate enemies. No people can submit to .... territorial dismemberment without becoming con temptible In its own eyes and in those of the World, lint it is not only against territorial dismemberment that wc are struggling, hut against the destruction of the very ground work of our wbole political sys tem. The ultimate question truly at issue is tho possibility of tbe permanent existence of a powerful Keputdic. That Ls tho questiou (o be now solved, • and hy the blessing of God, wo moan that it shall not be our fault If ft be riot solved favorably. Wc have, during the past year, made mighty strides toward* such a solution and to an huinsp sp- , po-uance wo approach Its completion. Bnt whatever reverse* may happen—whatever blood and treasure may still he required—whatever sacrifices may be necessary—tl,die will remain the imxborahla de term inaiioo of our people to fight Out this tiling to the end—-to preserve and perpetuate this Union.— c , They have sworn that not one alar shall be reft Irons the cowstellatitm, nor its clustered brightness be *** dimmed by treason and savagery, aud the. will It cop their oath. 1 „ " • HINTS.— Nfcvcr enter it sick room in n Ms to Of perspiration, as tho mo ment you become cool your porqs absorb.—• . Do not approach contagious diseases with an empty stomach; never sit between a sick per son and tho fire, because the heat attracts tho thin vapor. St is ✓
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