iuii P' Iffy 'o Penn State Poultry T Pointers ; THE LINK BETWEEN APPLIED AND BASIC RESEARCH Carol V. Gay, PhJ). Professor Of Poultry Science “But how useful is your research? Will it really benefit someone or something?” These are David N. Groff RD 3 Lswisburg, PA (717) 868*1420 Horst Grain Roasting Rout-U-lUtic 3040 Psnns Grovs Rd. Grain n Lincoln Unlv., PA 10352 Salss*Bsrvles (Chsstsr Co.) Custom Work (215) 860*8834 Rosat-Cool Unit Avails bis &MSSSBL FEEDER WAGON WITH HEADLOCKS Featuring 24 Zimmerman adjustable deadlocks for animals 10 months and older. Coated with Baked On Top Grade Polyester TGIC Powder Mounted on s’)(2o’ trough with adjustable tongue FARMCO FEEDER WAGON * 15" implement wheel (6 bolt) * 2 jacks on front corners for added stability ZIMMERMAN, INC. I 295 Woodcorner Road R Mon. thru Frl. LltltZ, PA 17543-9165 g 7to s 1 Mile West of Ephrata B s«l 7to it (717)738-7365 B ™ Vmmmmm —« 9*—mm TPmmmmm 11 PAUL B. Cali or Write For Additional Information And Your Nearest Dealer appropriate and important ques tions to ask and they deserve to be answered. Such questions, however, pre sume that all research should have a specific benefit. Taking the pro cess a step further, this reasoning implies that all research should be applied, in some way. Before deciding tint we have Schnopp'i Grain Roasting. Inc. RD 6 Lebanon, PA I*Boo-482-4004 717*888*0011 Wmmwmm I KEN CLUGSTON \ (717) 665-6775 \ CRAFT a BH/T | CONSTRUCTION INC. | FARM-HOME BUILDING h 1242 Breneman Road } MANHEIM, PA 17545 \ PH: (717) 665-4372 | BUILDING & REMODELING FOR i % DAIRY RESIDENTIAL \ i SWINE POLE BUILDINGS \ I BEEF STORAGE \ 3?l—BW 4 * « V * JUI IS: ZIMMERMAN HEADLOCKS * Spring loaded neck bar for easy removal and adjustment * Individual lock on each yoke for retaining individual animals taken an appropriate direction in our analysis, let’s define both applied and basic research. Applied research is intended to solve a specific problem or pro duce a specific benefit. Basic research, on the other hand, does neither. Basic research is done for the same reason a person climbs a mountain because it is there. In other words, basic research offers the challenge to answer questions no one ever could solve before. So what good is basic research other than to satisfy die people who do it? It has a very important role: to provide a foundation for applied research. I would like to support that view with one of my favorite examples. There is a protein, found in many cells, called carbonic anhyd rase. This protein solely functions to hold a molecule of water and a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO,) close together in the correct orien- •v: , tation so that the two substances can be combined rapidly. The result is formation of carbonic acid. Proteins which catalyze reac tions, such as this one, are called enzymes. The enzyme, carbonic anhydrase, is shaped like “pac man,” resembling the video game cursor-control character that * ‘eats up” opponents. It is round and has a uniquely shaped mouth into which water and CO, fit perfectly. Carbonic anhydrase is utilized in the body in a number of clever ways. Red blood cells employ this enzyme to assist in moving CO, from respiring cells, such as muscle cells which produce a great deal of CO,, to the lungs where CO, is released, hi other cells, such as stomach lining cells and bone resorbing cells, carbonic anhyd rase is oriented in such a way that the acid produced is combined with chloride and is secreted as hydrochloric acid. Some cells, such as those that form saliva (or spit), secrete the acid produced into the bloods tream, where it is readily neutral ized, allowing salivary cells to sec rete a slightly basic solution. How did we come to know all this about carbonic anhydrase? It began with basic research done during World War n in order to develop a substitute for blood to help save soldiers lives. Reasonab ly good blood substitutes were eventually developed and the basic information acquired also pro vided a basis for pharmaceutical LAND PRIDEg SOLID STAND 48" and 72* widths PENNSYLVANIA Stratoy Farm Supply, Inc. 1760 East Canal Road Dovar, PA 17315 717-292-2631 Kallar Brothers R 7 Box 405 Lebanon, PA 17042 717-949-6501 1950 Frukville Pika Lancaster, PA 17601 717-569-2500 Marshall Machlnary, Inc. Route 642 Honesdala, PA 18431 717-729-7117 PlkavWa Equipment Inc. RD 2, Oyslardale Road day, PA 19547 215-967-6277 Lancaster Farming, Saturday. July 17,1W3-C3 companies to develop drugs to treat ulcers, glaucoma, and osteo porosis by finding ways to target carbonic anhydrase. Does understanding carbonic anhydrase help the poultry indus try? Yes, indeed. One important way is in the area of egg produc tion. It is by the action of carbonic anhydrase that CO, in the form of bicarbonate arrives in the shell gland to form calcium carbonate, the porcelain-like material which comprises 98 percent of the eggs hell. If the action of carbonic' anhydrase is inhibited, for exam ple. by a contaminant in water or feed, eggs encased only by shell membrane will be laid and the hen will go out of production in about six days. Not all basic research can or should be expected to lead to an application. But when economics improve as a result of a particular new application that has resulted from basic research, some dollars can be channeled back to support more basic studies. A small fraction of taxes are used to support basic research. Let me say “thank you” to the tax paying public and also to the part of the private sector that supports basic research. Doing basic research is a won derful adventure for those of us who are involved in it. I hope I’ve provided some insight into how basic and applied research arc linked that one often fosters the other. Tractor Part* Co. 335 Contra! Road Bloomsburg. PA 17815 717-78441250 Stouffor Broa. Inc. 1066 Lincoln Way Wost Chambersburg, PA 17201 717-263-6424 Caldwell Tractor & Stoltzfua Farm Sarvlea Equipment, Inc. Cochranville, PA 480 U.S. Route 46 215*503*2407 Fairfield, N.J. 07006 M.S. Yaaraley 6 Son* 201-227-6772 West Chester, PA Rodlo Tractor Sales 215*606*2900 North White Horse Pike Norman D. Clark 6 08037 Son, Inc. 600*561*0141 Honey Grove, PA Frank Rymon & Sons, 717*734*3662 toe* Lovsvile PA ®° x Washington, NJ. 07882 717*780*3117 201*600*1464 Ntearry Equipment Co. RD 2. RL 61. 3 Miles S. of JSTStL P * (SSS. Rfm 215-026*2441 600*267*3363 Doorflold Ag A Turf Can tar, Inc. RR 2 Box 212 Watsontown, PA 17777 717-538-3557 I HEW JERSEY |
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers