UDSA Researchers Find Oats Resist To Race 264 Crown Rust Disease Eleven strains of cultivated oats that carry genetic resistance to one of the most virulent of five new races of crown lust menacing the Nation’s oat crop have been discovered by US Department of Agriculture sci entists, the Department an nounced today These strains are known to have resistance to Race 264 crown rust and may also prov'e resistant to other new laces. Their discovery, say USDA oat specialtists, considerably bright ens the outlook for development of commercially suitable resist ant varieties during the next few yeais Appearance of the five new rust races m Florida and south eastern Georgia last spring caught oat producers with com mercial varieties susceptible to one or more of the rusts FEDERAL-STATE OAT bleed ers were m a similar predica ment, with no adequately re sistant plant material, except wild varieties that are difficult to cross wth cultivated oats Added cause for alarm was the finding, later in the season, of the same rare or previously unknown races of crown rust m several northern States Discovery of the resistant oats was the result of an emergency program under-taken cooperative ly last winter in Puerto Rico by USDA’s Agricultural Research Service, the Federal Experiment Station at Mayaguez, and the Puerto Rico Agricultural Experi ment Station at Isabella ACCORDING TO Dr H C Murph., v.ho dnects the national piogram of oats research for USDA at the Department s Agri cultural Research Center, Belts villc, Jld, seed o f the resistant stock has been distributed to about 75 plant bleeders and path- rfflJID I m B lii Preserves Better Grass Silage George Rutt Stevens R. D. 1. Pa Grubb Supply Elisabethtown, Pa. vxxxx\vxxxxxxxxxxxxxv@vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxv ologists in the United States and Canada Dr Murphy recently brought seed of these resistant lines from Puerto Rico to Wash ington by air to make sure that breeding work to develop new re sistant commercial varieties could be started at the earliest possible mora(ent. Seed of more than 4,800 dif ferent oats were assembled by D J Ward, in charge of the USDA World Oat Collection at Beltsville, and sent to Puerto Rico last year Of this total, 3,573 represented entries from the World Collection of cultivated and wild oats The remainder, more than 1,200 entries, were submitted by oat breeders in the United States and Canada as expei imental s,tock Seed from the experimental entries that u ?fe found to be resistant was sent only to the breeders who had developed them OUT OF THE World Collection came 36 resistant kinds, includ ing 27 cultivated oats and nine wild tapes The 27 cultivated kinds fall into 11 resistant oat strains, each apparently possess mg a different basic genetic souice of resistance to Race 264 clown rust It is expected that most, if not all, of these 11 strains will 'be resistant also to the four other dangerous rust rac as Expeumntal entries included some promising derivatives from crosses involving those resitant lock horn the Woild Collection It was possible in the Puerto Rican nursenes to grow and test oat plants for i ust resistance dm mg the 1957-58 winter seas on Selecting resistant lines foi harvest was a simple mattci, smc n only the icsistant vanenes pioduced seed . A 1 Ithe vanetie giown m the Evpeumcnt Stations Conclude You Save from $3.00 to $15.00 for every $l.OO spent in applying Limestone MARTEN’S LIMESTONE Ivan M. Martin. Inc. Blue Ball. 'V 11 j>3 4 « New Holland, 4 2113. FuJ-O-Pep High Sweet Blend Orass silage is easy to preserve when you use Ful-O-Pep High Sweet Blend. New High Sweet provides plenty of sugar necessary for good fermentation . . . and is easy to handle not messy and sticky. It prevents seepage . . , adds nutrients to your silage. Ful-O-Pep High Sweet Blend makes a silage that is tasty and nutritious . . . and sweet and clean. It’s economical too, so try it on your next silage crop. Millport Roller Mills Lititz, R.D.4, Pa. J. C. Walker & Son Gap, Pa. H. 31. Stauffer & Sons. Inc. Leola, Wltmer & Ronks, Pa, a *9 JEhc. <n TOURS 4th Annual Feeder Calf Sale to Be Held Nov. I The Fourth Annual Feeder Calf Sale will be held Saturday, Nov 1, at the Lancaster Union Stock Yards, according to Walter M Dunlap Jr., sale secretary. Entries are being accepted from breeders of purebred beef cattle from Pennsylvania and ad joining slates Puerto Rican tests were artificial ly inoculated with Race 264 rust by Drs Thomas Theis and Lucas Calpouzos of the Federal Ex periment Station at Mayaguez Dr Theis also made preliminary lust readings. The Race 264 rust used for the inoculations was purified and increased at Ames, lowa, by Dr M D Simons, path ologist in charge of crown-rust investigations for USDA. DR. MURFJHY at Beltsville doubts whether any of the re sistant strains found in the tests represent new oat Vanetie as uch They should, however, nrove of great value m -the breed ing and development of agrono nucally superior resistant van ties which will meet commercial demands for high-yielding tvpes T)ev°lopment of new varieties, Dr Murphy explained, would take as much as 10 years bv con ventional bleedings methods and pedigreed selection But through back crossing, resistant varieties could be ready for growers m about six year or less Puerto Rico was chosen as a location for the Race 264 test because oats are not giown com mercially on the island Also, its isolation makes it highly improb able that wmdborne pores of dan J erous i ust races used there experimentally would reach oat gi owing areas m the United States Tianspoit of spores by w.nd is the pnncpial waj ciown rusts and imilar plant pathogens aio spread 43 ns Sgiyil D. W. Hoover East Earl, R. D. 1. Pa S. IT. Hiestand & Co. Salunga, Pa. Lancaster Farming, Friday, May 30, 1958—7 Maneb Best Control for Potato Blight According to Penn State Trials Maneb stands out as the most desirable fungicide for control of early and late blight of potatoes, in tests by the Agricultural Ex periment Station at Pennsylvania State University Harry C Fink, plant pathologist for the Station, says use of maneb gives con sistently high yields Dr Fink urges potato glowers to fry Manzate, M 22, and D> ene on small plots to see if they like (hem as alternates to their pies ent sprays M 22 and Manzate Material Manzate Captan Copper-zinc Dyrene Fixed copper Maneb was far the supeiior fun gicide tested in 1956, Fink re ports Dyrene was also better tha i check plots or the standaid fixed copper spray In 1957 maneb sprayed plots 28 Pennsylvania Holsteins Go To Mexico 28 icgistered Holstein heilci c fi6m Pennsylvania wcie included in a recent shipment to Mexico 20 of the animals weie from Mapoval Farms at Milan The bal ance weie selected from the held ol C S Chaflee and Geoige N ?veis at Ulstei The transplanted Holsteins we purchased bv two Mexican ©LiWil, Tv/!K9-TSe enss Wire-Tie AEE-Around Tomtcge Champs with "Pivot-Balanced'' Drive ■ —« -i n 'j ' ' Match a new Oliver—twine-tie or v, ire-tie—with any other machine in your small rough patch pattern fields There’s where it gobbles up the wind rows bales up to ten tons per hour as easily as on the straightaway You get Oliver’s exclusive ' pivot-balanced” drive and exceutionally short coupling Just follow the windrow with the rear tractor uheel—even around the shaipest corner Your Oliver gets the hay .. saves hours of time when time counts most Here are balers with even thing new leaf-saving pickup swinging dravvbar for safe transport . overrunning dutch (extra) protectne decices for all important units You can adjust -Mnsmar bale length in seconds from 12 to 00 HXliltj.Ji me lies Twine- and wirc-tving units are easy to intei change and an engine (extra) is easy to mount when desned. \ J J. Oias. Farmcrssvillc G. have the same active ingredients le explains Dyrene is now used to some extent in other states The three seasons of 1955, ’56, pnd 57 wtne eAcellent foi scicell ing of potato fungicides, Di Fink sa; s In 1955 there was relatively little disease making it possible to studs plant imury Late blight was prominent in 1956 Early blight was common m 1957 In 1955, ten fungicides weie tested The most piomising were Bushels per Acre Yield 164 162 165 143 115 none foliage yellow none leaf burning along veins foliage yellow showed no defoliation while M-22, Dyrene, and fixed copper sprayed plants had onh slight defoliation F-14- showed moderate defoln t.on Plants in healthy foliage left hi September 1 claiijmen and are now grazing tneir new pastures Since most dany cattle in Mex 'Co aie of Holstein origin the con tinuing upswing m demand foi find milk theie has cieated a big inaiket for quality seed stock horn this countij the Holstein Filesian Associa- t oi of Ameica leooits that ol 1,510 registered animals officially ttuii--feiied to new owncis m othei countne 5 last ycai, 628 went to sle"co An additional 399 cossed the bolder dunng the fii d lour months ox 1958 A IW R nitdi fSJU E||C Ei5?iNS &a £s £& (dr m 1 Za /✓ / McComscv Hickory Hill, Pa, Equipment Co. Ephrata, RD. 2 j: B. Lapp Atglen Herssliey Manheim, RD. 1 Plant Iniiiry S®-W Sts & Sons & Son
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