UDSA Researchers Find Oats Resist
To Race 264 Crown Rust Disease
Eleven strains of cultivated
oats that carry genetic resistance
to one of the most virulent of
five new races of crown lust
menacing the Nation’s oat crop
have been discovered by US
Department of Agriculture sci
entists, the Department an
nounced today
These strains are known to
have resistance to Race 264
crown rust and may also prov'e
resistant to other new laces.
Their discovery, say USDA oat
specialtists, considerably bright
ens the outlook for development
of commercially suitable resist
ant varieties during the next
few yeais
Appearance of the five new
rust races m Florida and south
eastern Georgia last spring
caught oat producers with com
mercial varieties susceptible to
one or more of the rusts
FEDERAL-STATE OAT bleed
ers were m a similar predica
ment, with no adequately re
sistant plant material, except wild
varieties that are difficult to cross
wth cultivated oats Added cause
for alarm was the finding, later
in the season, of the same rare
or previously unknown races of
crown rust m several northern
States
Discovery of the resistant oats
was the result of an emergency
program under-taken cooperative
ly last winter in Puerto Rico by
USDA’s Agricultural Research
Service, the Federal Experiment
Station at Mayaguez, and the
Puerto Rico Agricultural Experi
ment Station at Isabella
ACCORDING TO Dr H C
Murph., v.ho dnects the national
piogram of oats research for
USDA at the Department s Agri
cultural Research Center, Belts
villc, Jld, seed o f the resistant
stock has been distributed to
about 75 plant bleeders and path-
rfflJID
I m
B
lii
Preserves Better Grass Silage
George Rutt
Stevens R. D. 1. Pa
Grubb Supply
Elisabethtown, Pa.
vxxxx\vxxxxxxxxxxxxxv@vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxv
ologists in the United States and
Canada Dr Murphy recently
brought seed of these resistant
lines from Puerto Rico to Wash
ington by air to make sure that
breeding work to develop new re
sistant commercial varieties
could be started at the earliest
possible mora(ent.
Seed of more than 4,800 dif
ferent oats were assembled by
D J Ward, in charge of the
USDA World Oat Collection at
Beltsville, and sent to Puerto
Rico last year Of this total, 3,573
represented entries from the
World Collection of cultivated
and wild oats The remainder,
more than 1,200 entries, were
submitted by oat breeders in
the United States and Canada as
expei imental s,tock Seed from
the experimental entries that
u ?fe found to be resistant was
sent only to the breeders who
had developed them
OUT OF THE World Collection
came 36 resistant kinds, includ
ing 27 cultivated oats and nine
wild tapes The 27 cultivated
kinds fall into 11 resistant oat
strains, each apparently possess
mg a different basic genetic
souice of resistance to Race 264
clown rust It is expected that
most, if not all, of these 11
strains will 'be resistant also to
the four other dangerous rust
rac as
Expeumntal entries included
some promising derivatives from
crosses involving those resitant
lock horn the Woild Collection
It was possible in the Puerto
Rican nursenes to grow and test
oat plants for i ust resistance
dm mg the 1957-58 winter seas
on Selecting resistant lines foi
harvest was a simple mattci,
smc n only the icsistant vanenes
pioduced seed .
A 1 Ithe vanetie giown m the
Evpeumcnt Stations Conclude
You Save from $3.00 to $15.00
for every $l.OO spent in applying Limestone
MARTEN’S LIMESTONE
Ivan M. Martin. Inc. Blue Ball. 'V 11 j>3 4 «
New Holland, 4 2113.
FuJ-O-Pep High Sweet Blend
Orass silage is easy to preserve when you use
Ful-O-Pep High Sweet Blend. New High
Sweet provides plenty of sugar necessary
for good fermentation . . . and is easy to
handle not messy and sticky. It prevents
seepage . . , adds nutrients to your silage.
Ful-O-Pep High Sweet Blend makes a silage
that is tasty and nutritious . . . and sweet
and clean. It’s economical too, so try it
on your next silage crop.
Millport Roller Mills
Lititz, R.D.4, Pa.
J. C. Walker & Son
Gap, Pa.
H. 31. Stauffer & Sons. Inc.
Leola, Wltmer & Ronks, Pa,
a *9 JEhc. <n
TOURS
4th Annual Feeder Calf
Sale to Be Held Nov. I
The Fourth Annual Feeder
Calf Sale will be held Saturday,
Nov 1, at the Lancaster Union
Stock Yards, according to Walter
M Dunlap Jr., sale secretary.
Entries are being accepted
from breeders of purebred beef
cattle from Pennsylvania and ad
joining slates
Puerto Rican tests were artificial
ly inoculated with Race 264 rust
by Drs Thomas Theis and Lucas
Calpouzos of the Federal Ex
periment Station at Mayaguez
Dr Theis also made preliminary
lust readings. The Race 264 rust
used for the inoculations was
purified and increased at Ames,
lowa, by Dr M D Simons, path
ologist in charge of crown-rust
investigations for USDA.
DR. MURFJHY at Beltsville
doubts whether any of the re
sistant strains found in the tests
represent new oat Vanetie as
uch They should, however,
nrove of great value m -the breed
ing and development of agrono
nucally superior resistant van
ties which will meet commercial
demands for high-yielding tvpes
T)ev°lopment of new varieties,
Dr Murphy explained, would
take as much as 10 years bv con
ventional bleedings methods and
pedigreed selection But through
back crossing, resistant varieties
could be ready for growers m
about six year or less
Puerto Rico was chosen as a
location for the Race 264 test
because oats are not giown com
mercially on the island Also, its
isolation makes it highly improb
able that wmdborne pores of
dan J erous i ust races used there
experimentally would reach oat
gi owing areas m the United
States Tianspoit of spores by
w.nd is the pnncpial waj ciown
rusts and imilar plant pathogens
aio spread
43
ns
Sgiyil
D. W. Hoover
East Earl, R. D. 1. Pa
S. IT. Hiestand & Co.
Salunga, Pa.
Lancaster Farming, Friday, May 30, 1958—7
Maneb Best Control for Potato Blight
According to Penn State Trials
Maneb stands out as the most
desirable fungicide for control of
early and late blight of potatoes,
in tests by the Agricultural Ex
periment Station at Pennsylvania
State University Harry C Fink,
plant pathologist for the Station,
says use of maneb gives con
sistently high yields
Dr Fink urges potato glowers
to fry Manzate, M 22, and D> ene
on small plots to see if they like
(hem as alternates to their pies
ent sprays M 22 and Manzate
Material
Manzate
Captan
Copper-zinc
Dyrene
Fixed copper
Maneb was far the supeiior fun
gicide tested in 1956, Fink re
ports Dyrene was also better tha i
check plots or the standaid fixed
copper spray
In 1957 maneb sprayed plots
28 Pennsylvania
Holsteins Go
To Mexico
28 icgistered Holstein heilci c
fi6m Pennsylvania wcie included
in a recent shipment to Mexico
20 of the animals weie from
Mapoval Farms at Milan The bal
ance weie selected from the held
ol C S Chaflee and Geoige N
?veis at Ulstei
The transplanted Holsteins
we purchased bv two Mexican
©LiWil,
Tv/!K9-TSe enss Wire-Tie
AEE-Around Tomtcge Champs
with "Pivot-Balanced'' Drive
■ —«
-i n
'j
' '
Match a new Oliver—twine-tie or v, ire-tie—with
any other machine in your small rough patch
pattern fields There’s where it gobbles up the wind
rows bales up to ten tons per hour as easily as on
the straightaway
You get Oliver’s exclusive ' pivot-balanced” drive
and exceutionally short coupling Just follow the
windrow with the rear tractor uheel—even around
the shaipest corner Your Oliver gets the hay ..
saves hours of time when time counts most
Here are balers with even thing new leaf-saving
pickup swinging dravvbar for safe transport .
overrunning dutch (extra) protectne decices for
all important units You can adjust -Mnsmar
bale length in seconds from 12 to 00 HXliltj.Ji
me lies Twine- and wirc-tving units are
easy to intei change and an engine
(extra) is easy to mount when desned. \ J
J.
Oias.
Farmcrssvillc
G.
have the same active ingredients
le explains Dyrene is now used
to some extent in other states
The three seasons of 1955, ’56,
pnd 57 wtne eAcellent foi scicell
ing of potato fungicides, Di Fink
sa; s In 1955 there was relatively
little disease making it possible
to studs plant imury Late blight
was prominent in 1956 Early
blight was common m 1957
In 1955, ten fungicides weie
tested The most piomising were
Bushels per
Acre Yield
164
162
165
143
115
none
foliage yellow
none
leaf burning along veins
foliage yellow
showed no defoliation while M-22,
Dyrene, and fixed copper sprayed
plants had onh slight defoliation
F-14- showed moderate defoln
t.on Plants in healthy foliage left
hi September 1
claiijmen and are now grazing
tneir new pastures
Since most dany cattle in Mex
'Co aie of Holstein origin the con
tinuing upswing m demand foi
find milk theie has cieated a big
inaiket for quality seed stock
horn this countij
the Holstein Filesian Associa-
t oi of Ameica leooits that ol
1,510 registered animals officially
ttuii--feiied to new owncis m
othei countne 5 last ycai, 628 went
to sle"co An additional 399
cossed the bolder dunng the fii d
lour months ox 1958
A IW R
nitdi
fSJU E||C
Ei5?iNS &a £s £& (dr
m
1 Za
/✓ /
McComscv
Hickory Hill, Pa,
Equipment Co.
Ephrata, RD. 2
j: B.
Lapp
Atglen
Herssliey
Manheim, RD. 1
Plant Iniiiry
S®-W
Sts
& Sons
& Son