SIBERIA'S AWAKENING. i i Whnt Rusaln la ner vast vsiniic possession, j rHiBirTFDHTir crcvnc EMARKABLEastbe statement may teem, ever since tho clay when the first iection of the Sibe rian railway was opened, from Chcli- abiut-k to Kurgan, immigration has ui: l 1 1 iiuniu iuiu luu vi'iiuiij ill u constantly increasing stream. Now that tho (treat rivers and steppos are crossou dj mrougn Trains an tuo way from Moscow to Irkutsk, the move merit is even more rapid, and already tho vast areas of Siberia are less lone- A 8IRERIAN FARMER'S some than they were a few years ago, writes Trumbull White, in the Chi cago Reoord. The Russian peasant 1 is displaying the same sort of restless ness that induced the settlement of pr own Western States and Terri : tori-is from the more thickly populat ed j4gi0u. 0f the East. Indoed, the sian Masant alwavs has shown a ovtng on into tue newly annexed lauds and subduing them to Imb own eivilization and manner of develop - ment, crude though that might be. It is time to dismiss the idea that the Russian peasant is altogether a elod. He has shared too well the labors of the Russian advance across Asia. An observant English traveler writ ing recently of his journey in these lauds has complimented the Siberian md the American in the same breath t the same time that he has phrased HOUSE WHERE nOT WATER IS FtTRNIBIIED TRAVELERS ON SIBERIAN RAILWAY. , au important observation. "If we ex jludo the more recent peasant immi grant a," he says, "the original Bus siab population of Siboria may be said to oomprise the following three classes: The Cossacks, who first con quored tho country; cxilos, political and criminal; dissenters from the Greek church, who wero either ban ished to Siberia or weut there of thoir own accord. .Xhnt is to say, tho orig inal Russian population of Siberia consists of men and women who were in some way intellectually or physi cally more active or more earnest than their fellow country men and women who remained in European Russia. The result is that to-day the average .Siberian is a more vigorous and intel ligent man than tho average Russian. He picks up a thing more quickly; Lis life is richer, brighter." The Siberiau born citizens of the country do not fail torealize these dif ferences. Already! I have learned that they want to bo called Siberians-rath-er than Russians, and to them the latter name seems no more oorreot tbau to call the descendants of Eng lish colonists in tho United States feif A EU8INES3 STREET IN OMSr, SIBERIA, HHOWJNO THE TOWEE Of THE FIRE Dlil'ARTMEN'r. Englishmen instead of Americans. ' Already cvidenoes have appeared that ' "tflbem for the Siberians" is not an unknown eoutiuieat. Provision tor the snileuanoe of the rranta on tatto rUway journey Ji Do In er to Dnvolnn ffl .4 in Tnwti A vr rnnvrov CrA iMiKfHfKiKB throngh Siberia is slmplo bnt ade quate. Most of the peasantsj bring with them as much food as possible of tho sort they relish, in order to avoid tho necessity of bnying on the way. Ponderous loaves of black bread, slabs of died fish and a supply of tea aro the chief essentials in this commissary department. Each fam ily carries a teapot in addition tooaps and simple dishes, and the Individual travoler must do likewise it he wishes to be sure of comfort. As every one knows, tea is the staple article among the Russians and is 'consumed in FAMILY AND HOME. great qnantities. The Government provides for the nooe snity in excellent fashion. At every station of the first olass, which means about every seven ty-flvoor eighty miles, there is creotec at one end of the platform a littls house of logs, which is arrange! solely for the convenience of tbe people who want wator. A big taut, holding two or three barrels of water, is arranged with a charcoal furnacoto keep its contents at the boiling polit. In another corner of the honse ii a tank of cold wator. Each of thest is fitted with several faucets so that the IIOrtSES TRAMPINO OUT THE passengers may sorve themselves rapidly when they come. Near this honse is an open shedfaoingtbetrack, whioh shelters a rough counter and some sholves. This is at the service of the peasant women of the village, who bring all sorts of eatables to this primitive buffet at train time. When the train arrives there is a hasty exodus from tho cars. One rep resentative of eaoh family or traveling BULLOCK SKINS FILLED WITH WINE IN FRONT OF A SHOP. party hurries to tho honse where the hot water is waiting aud draws from tho tank into his teapot as much as he likes of the essoutiul liquid. Others rush to the bnffot shed, to find bread, fish, meat, cakes, hot soup, berries, kvass and kumyss, all of whioh are sold at astouishing low prices. Then they return to the train to prepare their meals aud at their leisure eat and drink. Emigrants from province! not tribu tary to tha Volga River art carried on special trains or in amis-rant oars at- tad td the slower r;nlar trains, at rates bat little higher than those ol the steamers an very muoh less than tbe regolar thid-elasB ratos. Foi 1000 versts, for instance, the third class fare is ght rubles and forty SIOSQITB TUP. TARTARS AT OMSK, BI- BKRIA. kopecks,or approximately $1.85, for CG5 mil. The emigrant rate for the same diknnce is only three rubles, or about 3.55. It goes without saying that thl accommodations provided at this rat) are not luxurious, bnt they are qui o as good as could be expeoted for tb .price, far moro comfortable than tie former method of travel into Siberj by long and trying rnarohei and pobably in most instauces rela tivelybetter than tho homes the poo pie b.ve had. Th) cars themselves in whioh the emifants travel to tho land of their hopn are the ordinary fourth-class carsot the sort one sees all over Rus sia, inscribed after the invariable fasjion, "for eight horses or forty me-." They are what we call box cars in ho United States,' painted the fa mi iar red, with sliding doors opening neither side. The most characteristic feature of Sberian farm life is that the farmers I've not scattered all over the oountry, I emote from noighbors,bnt in villages , is near as possihle to the land they ire cultivating. Each village, then, .s a cluster of houses, in whioh live not villagers in the usual sense, at townspeople iu a small settlement, but the farmers of tbe region round abont. Life in these villages of Siberia is rude enough, with none of the quali ties we consider necessary to comfort. The lands are fertile, yielding ample crops of grain even with the crude methods of cultivation in effeot. The plowing is shallow because tbe plowa are poor. There is little enltivation alter planting. The grain is harvested with hand sickles and scythes. It is thrashed by horses in the open Sold, the grain trampled out of the straw by three or four Siberian ponies trot ting around in a srdall oirole. It is G1UIN ON A 8IRERIAN FARM. winnowed by hand and ground in windmills. With all the crudity of the processes, the yield of wheat, for instance, is from twenty to thirty fold, and as high as twenty-five and even thirty bushols to the aore. Some of the landed proprietors have begun to introduce modern methods of viniculture, but the peasants are slow to adopt them. The grapos are robbed of their juioes in the simplest of presses, and the wine is still cartod and stored lu bullock hides. A wine oollar is a strauge sight, with its rows of distorted skins, bulging with the liquors, The barhario style of architecture such as the Tartars wore fond of is frequently seen in the largor Siberian towns. Omsk has many mosques ol this kind. One of the accompanying largo piotures shows a businoss street iu Omsk. From Vick's Magazine we get this piotnre of the travelers' tree, an odd looking growth indigenous iu Mada gascar, Botanlcally it is known as the Raveuala Madagaroarenit, bnt its popular name has been given it from the belief that water from rain and dew oolleots in its leaf stems in sufficient quantity to quenoh a traveler's thirst. The water does colleot as stated, but as the plant grows beside watei courses it can hardly be of special benefit to the traveler, who could slack his thirst muoh easier at th adjacent stream. As thm tilivrlO Would Man It. "Next week we will begin running this paper as Captain Kidd would have run'it. Delinquent aubsoriber may expect a call front us with their aooounts stuok in the muzzle of six shooter. Otherwise this paper will be running as the Sheriff would run iL" Bowersylle Clarion. ; Drawbacks of lUUnouunt. Between dyspepsia aud table man. ners, mere is no lun la eating an; An Odd Trn From Mndnffnacar. aiii more.-ieu;ott joarnai, PORTABLE SCHOOL HOUSE. Bow the Educational Demand Are Mat In Be. Louis. St. Louis is congratulating itsell nst now upon having successfully solved a difflonlt problem, and upon the carrying out of a unique and Inter esting idea. In fact, she has wrought ont a new version of tha old story ol Mahomet aud tbe mountain and anew application. Like tho mountain, it lias been found necessary that when scholars will not come to the school, the school mnst, of a necessity, go to the soholars. This, on the faoe of it, might seem a matter of extreme difficulty. As it is, howover, the problem has been solved. St. Lonisjhas found much difficulty in providing room for all its school children. Rented rooms were expert mooted with in many parts of the city with more or less succoss,.but the general result would hardly be called a satisfactory one. In districts where the population was scattered the, plan seemed scarcely applicable. After muoh consideration and many export ments, it was suggested that a school bouse orsohoolhousesof snob, a nature that they could be readily moved from TiviniiJiiiliiiii'iiuiiuiiiliai'iliillliVJTil1 PORTABLE BcnOOLBOVSE, ST. LOUIS, MO. place to place, set up wherever re quired, and when no longer needed, taken down and removed to some other field of Ration, would fill the bill. Therefore, a consultation of local carpenters was called and a school building, such as desired, waa the result. These buildings have been con structed in snob a manner that when no longer required at one Bite they can quickly be taken apart and, if need be, moved to another. They are twenty-four by thirty-six feet, inside measurement. The floors are con structed in eight sections, the sides in six seotions, the ends in four sections and the roof in sixteen sections. Eaoh section is strongly put together on frames, and these are bolted in such a manner an to make a perfectly tight and secure room. The joints between the sections are covered both inside and out by movable pieces, which are hold in plaoe by sorews. The heating and ventilating are fnrnished by au indirect furnace with double casing. The fresh air is taken direotly from the outBide, and the snpply cannot, iu any manner, be cut off or reduced be yond a proper limit. For HMlttiTuI Bleep. Every one knows that it is bad to sleep on your baok, but it is even worse if the bed is such that your stomach is as high as your head and your feet are lower thau both, as must be the case on too heavily wadded mattresses. On the other hand, if the spring is too yielding you will flud that the heavy parts of the body make you lie in a kind of hollow whether you sleep on your back or on your side. It is most unhealthful to have the feet so high as they are in this kind of bed,-when you sleep on your vsm, pomrort RitnT Position DIAQRAU BHOWISO RIGHT AND WllONO POSITIONS. back, and it you try to sleep ou your side the spine is curved most uncom fortably aud unhqalthful. What thou is to bo done about itt Tho spring of the bed must cither ba made in several pieces, or be made up of spiral springs, so that all parts are independent of one another, and the springs at the center are strougor than those at the head and foot, because they have more weight to support. In this way it becomes possible for the tired man or woman to obtain the greatest possible amount of benefit from the hours devoted to sleep. It they will use a moderately hard mat tress, of cotton or hair, never of feath ers, and not too high a pillow, seeing that when they are in bed the body is not all ourled up in a knot by the poor springs and that the feet and back ar in almost a straight line, the repose gained while lying either on the right or left aide will prove refreshing aud beautiful. Ilojr Hon-PluMd the Conjurer. 'At a country fair a conjurer wai performing the old trick of produoiug eggs from a hat, when he remarked to a little boy: "Your mother can't get eggs without hens, oan she?" "Ol course she oan!" replied the lad. "Why, how is that?" asked the con jurer. "She keeps ducks," replied the boy, amid roars of laughter. Tit Bits. sine of tli Vlotorla Croie. The Victoria Cross, the intrinsic value of whioh is one penny and one farthing, or two aud a half cents, can not be aooepted a a pledge by a pawnbroker anywhere in Great Britain under penalty of a heavy fine, The cross is made from oauuon captured from the enemy, aud weighs just three and a half grains lesi than ont anno. t-oc-jraa-t45-.-.----Tt V-" Vftnt portion THS E1S)I(BTS New York Citt (Special). The novelties of the moment include what the English call "a patriotic khaki shirt for ladies," it being made of that KHAKI SHIRT WAIST. material and, so far as possible, fol lowing the shirt pattern worn by tho British soldier in South Africa. As ibown by the out, this model, save lor its pockets, is not unlike that used lor the regulation shirt waist for vomen in America. It has the same ilightly full front, and the eame per leotly plain fan back. Down the front is a broad stitched band with buttons, ihe two breast pockets, the plaits acd TAILOR-MADE COSTUME. flaps of whioh recall those worn by the London policemon, being buttoned also. The shirt sleeve ends in a nar row cuff at tho wrist and the shoulder scams are strapped and finished with buttons. A high straight oollar with a small butterfly bow iu black or white finishes tho garmout at the throat. Votie of Appllqnee. Appliques are a proraineut feature of tho handsomest and smartest of the spring tailor-mades. It is, however, really au underletting, for, instoad of the appliques being of lace or silk sot on, tho material of which tho gown is composed is stamped out into a pat tern, and silk set under it. Our large picture shows an exceedingly stylish spring costume of pastel gray broad cloth, made with tho prescribed Eton jacket with revers and collars covered with applique. The skirt has a circu lar rullle around the front and sides, with a baud of applique at the top. With tho box-plaited baok skirt de riguer this spring, the baok is allowed to have its full graceful swoop its en tire length. Any side and front deo oration stops on either side of the baok, as the figure of our illustration shows. In this costume the applique band is put near the bottom edge of tho skirt, as it has no ruffles. This is much liked, too, as well as the rnflied effeot of the othor, particularly for short women who do not care to risk the becomingnessof breaking the longth of their skirt, A Fetching Combination. White and eoru is a combination ex tensively employed. A lovely sum mer gown is made of white Swiss em broidered with a small eora dot. There is a double skirt to this gown, and both top aud bottom skirts are trimmed with throe plaited frills of Swiss, two plain with an eoru one be tween them. The same style of trim ming is used on the bodioe, the plaits beiug put on with a flohu effeot. An eoru linen has bands of white linen stitched ou, while a white linen is run with eoru lines and has vest, cuffs and bands on the skirt of eoru linen, edged with a heavy ecru linen laoe. Viibarulined Vllver Buttons. A fashionable gown of "oberbat au fait" (a warm pinky-brown), has the skirt almost covered with com plicated system of tuoks. Tha re leased fullness eseapea about the Mkl, The distinguishing feature is op FA&HION' the jacket lined and faoed with white satin and buttoned down the front with a double row of silver bnttons. These are not burnished like the plats upon yonr dinner table, but have th dull look of nnbnrnished metal. The buttons ore not too small and look solid. tlp-to-Dnte Umlarllnen. Now that our drosses are made to) fit so tightly around the hips, well fitting uudorolothing Is a necessity. The latest Tarisiau idea is to have chemise and potticoat made in one. The upper part is ont to fit the figure without the least vestige of fullness, and then below the hips it widens out into an ordinary skirt. These gar ments have simply a strip of lace 01 ribbon to support them on the shoul ders and fasten down the centre of tha front to just below the waist. New Hound Skirt. The newest round skirt from Paris is either gofl'ered, tucked or gathered at the waist and over the hips; con sequently the wearer of it should be slight, and the cloth must not be too thiok. Other skirts are tucked at tho top and then accordion plaited. This kilted cloth is chio and has the ad vantage of novelty, bnt unless care fully manipulated it will develop into an unwieldy garment. Concerning the Paratol. Golf parasols are something new. A golf stick of suitable size is used for the handle and the deoidedly large frame is covered with an intense emerald green. The correot thing to wear with this sunshade is a white brimmed manila straw hat. Tbe ma nila straw is as light as air and very APPLIQUE TRIMMED. pretty. It comes in a deep tan and should be decorated by a twist of whito veiling aud several big pom pons of silk ilossin Irish groeu caught almost in the front of the hat. Sleeves For Thin Frocks. Elbow sleoves aro very fashionable for thin frocks, aud they are com pleted with cutf turned back, from which falls a frill of loco or chilTou wider at the back thau it is in the trout. Subntltule For Watch Clinloi. Sorpouls of oxidized stool which havo a life-like flexibility are used for watoh chaius. They comes iu differ out lengths. A Hmurt Gulf Costume. lTere Is golf costume with a new blouse frout coat of hunter's green oheviot, trimmed with straps of white cloth aud black velvet. The skirt ie in tan double-faoed cloth, out witti narrow breadths, strapped and fin ished at tho foot with tho ylojd whioo forms tbe lining. I
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers