SET RL AT ma AS RN RTE a a a i: ; v { s . Gee, what a fuss! Also a muss. What's it about? Why do we shout? It’s the Fourth of July. third is no fun; On the fifth all is done. July’s all the same— 11, hot and tame— 5 cept for the Glorious Fourth. ’ “We're free, “And we Ww The King { And that's The Author SO IS IE story of the American A flag is the most thrilling 1 @ known to history. On RN Saturday, June 14, 1777, . Sf@W the Continental Congress resolved “That the flag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stripes, alter- nate red and white, that the Union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation.” A great variety of flags, in number equal, perhaps, to the kinds of uniforms worn, had been carried by the patriotic troops of the Revolution. Conspicuous among them was the yellow flag bear- ing a rattlesnake and the motto, “Don’t tread on me,” which Paul Jones hoisted over the first flagship of the patriot navy. A more appropriate ensign for use while the patriots as colonists were fighting for their rights as British citi- zens was that displayed on the Royal Savage schooner, under Arnold at the battle of Lake Champlain, for it had thirteen = stripes, alternate red and white, with the British Union in the corner. But once the colonies had declared their independence a new flag was needed, and it was developed from the old one of the Royal Savage. Wash- ington himself, George Ross, of Phila- delphia, and Robert Morris designed the flag, and good Mrs. Betsy Ross, at her home, No. 239 Arch street, Philadelphia, sewed the bunting. The thirteen stripes to represent the thir- feen States were retained, and then a anion of thirteen white stars on a blue field, a constellation that was to astound the astronomers of polities in more ways than one, took the place of the British Union. The exact time when the flag was unfurled over the halls of Congress is not a matter of record, but when it was first blackened with the smoke of bat- tle we know right well. While Betsy Ross was stitching the flag together Burgoyne was marching down through the wilderness by the way of Lake Champlain to meet the Britich army that was to come up the Hudson from New York. To aid in crushing the patriots that, under Schuyler, were op- posing Burgoyne, St. Leger was sent with 1700 men, chiefly Tories and Indians, to Oswego, whence he marched down to the head of the Mo- hawk Valley where Rome now stands. The Mohawk Valley was the home of the Tories. No part cf the country could show a greater proportion of them, but the patriots nad taken to the field in surprising numbers and with unshaken faith. Fort Stanwix, at the site of Rome, was manned by 600 men under Col, Peter Gansevoort, and Col. Marinus Willett was with him. On August 3, 1777, St. Leger arrived before this fort and demanded its sur- render under pain of the slaugkter of the garrison by the Indians. But Gansevoort in emphatic language de- clined, though short of provisions anc ammunition. How a siege followed; how * the patriotic general, Nichoias Herkimer, started up the Mohawk Val- ley to relieve Gansevoort; how he was ambused by St. Leger’'s force at Oris- kany, and how during the hot hours that followed his men stood in a circle and fought hand to nand one of the most bloody battles of the Revolution, . need not be told. But while the battle raged, Colonel V/illett sallied from the fort, drove the British from their camp, captured flags, papers and baggage, and returned in triumph. It was a splendid sortie and it was made under the flag. A most curious combination “HURRAH FOR -———— of bunting was tha stripes and dier’s shir THE FOURTH. they t be u why we shout On the Fourth of July. —DMirror and Farmer. 1g of fhe Jor Jpanpled Banner BY JOHN R. SPEARS;,. of «The History You're ‘live on that day; 1t hums out our way. oly, but it’s gre 1 can hardly wai For the Yourtl it. out, : = > So of Our Navy.” stripes were made from the petticoat of one of the women in the garrison. When Willett came in from the sortie’ he hoisted the British flags on a staff above the fort with this new constella- tion waving over them. And there it fluttered till Bur, surrendered and St. Leger fled away with Indians cursing him. One would like to dwell on the ex- ploits of John Paul Jones, who hoisted the flag on the Ranger. “That flag and I are twins. Born the same hour from the same womb of destiny,” is he used to say, because Congress ordered him to the Ranger at the time it established the flag. But of him it can be said only that on February 14, 1778S, he sailed the Ranger with her flag fiying through the French fleet in the harbor of Brest and had the satisfaction of seeing the flag, for the first time, re- ceive a national salute from a foreign ship of war. 7 One may note that the flag was seen flying in the Thames on February 3, 1783, before the treaty of peace had been signed, It was on the good ship Bedford, of Nantucket, with a cargo At last the firing died down, and the last gun was fired. At this a dead silence spread over the great throngs that had stood upon the hills. For the battle was over and no one there could tell how it had ended. For a few mo- ments they gazed anxiously while the smoke of battle drifted slowly from around the ships, until a single tall mast appeared and then a patriot on Cumberland Head began to shout. A moment later the whole throng there saw the stars and stripes fluttering above the smoke from that masthead TE CZ INDEPENDENCE MORNING. cloud, and with voices that were heard across the bay and over on the green hills of Vermont they told that Mac- donough had won. That flag waving- alone above the cloud of smoke told the story of a na- tion saved from dismemberment. Of many memorable o¢ i the flag has thrilled the nation in time of peace not even mention can be made save only as we all remember that hur- ricane in Samoa, when our ships wel driven to destruction, with the band on deck playing “The Star-sSpang ner.” The resolution -of independence on which our loved Declaration was based passed the House of Delegates on July 2. but because the Declaration was not signed until the 4th, we celebrated that day instead of the 2d. LIBERTY BELLS. of whale oil, and Captain William Mores was the venturesome Yankee skipper who went thus early to mar- ket. The arrival made a great stir in London, and especially in Parliament, but the war was over and the ship was safe. As a part in the eomposidon of a pic- ture the flag was perhaps never so conspicuous as on Sunday, September 11, 1814, when it was seen over «the American fleet at the battle of Lake Champlain. The Britis: had come from Canada with a great fleet under Cap’ain George Downie, to sweep Lieutenant Mac- donough’s vessels from the lake, while Sir George Prevost, with an army of 11,000 veterans, chiefly “Wellington's Invincibles,” had marched to the Sara- nac’s bank at Plattburg, where Mc- Comb had but a few more than half as many men to meet him, even if un- trained militia be counted. For two years the Americans had scruggled well nigh in vain and the supreme mo- ment of the war had come. As 8 o'clock drew nigh that morning thie great throngs of spectators saw the crew of the cutter bend to their oars and drive .it away to the flagship, Then came the British fleet, rounding the point and sailing up close to the wind until opposite Macdonough’s line of battle, where they anchored, and the fight began. As the broadsides roared among the hills the breeze died out, and soon the ships became enveloped in a cloud of smoke that rose .nd swelled till it ried the loftiest The spectators r of the of the | covered the pay and bu ad from vi the hills could see 1 ew. attle, save only as th 3 smoke | PARTLY CURED. The Anglo-Maniac—"Gweat IHHeav- ens! If I eveh escape fwom this pwe- dicament alive, I'll neveh again AWSsK a" - a = a livewyman fol an English-bwed horse on the Fou'th of July !”—Puck. BUNKER HILL. With thoughts of Independence Day are indissolubly linked Bunker Hill. It is said the original Bunker Hill is just outside B . ner-stone of the unker Hill monau- ment was laid June 17, 1825. Daniel Webster made the-address, and Lafay- cette was present. . When the shaft was dedicated there was by Webster, and Pr his Cabinet were pr: its completion, an the Hon. Robert 7 | read by SCLDIERS 7 i 3 also * John I. Lor During the ions when | elfast, Ireland. .Theicor-1° THE FIRST PATRIOTIC SONG BY HELEN BROWN, The Puritans of England held musie in no very high esteem. They beld in abhorrerce ‘piping with organs, singing, ringing and trowling of psalms from one side of the choir to the other” as complained of in their protest to Parliament. In fact, their fanaticism bred so much hatred for such things that they came to upon mt as positively unchristia So the Pil- grims brought to Ameri with them the style of music that prevailed when they left the mother country, which | goes without saying that it was not of most in cheering kind. | The generation preceding the Revolu- | tion is referred to as the "Ps | ing absorbed 1anls 100K the :m-sing- generation.” with 1 and republishing 1 In 1713 an orga: Boston, but the p he instrument r« The Coionies were 41 RL tile revising 1 11:ced into lice was so great packed e porch of the seven to this time had been no ng. But 4 later on the first compositions were the work William Billings, a tanner by trade. As Psalm-singing still prevailed Lis first production was the “New Eng- land .Psalm Sing i lowed by “Singing and. “Music in Minjature.” tive composi little of one His later works were of a patriotic order and it is due to this fact that they became | so popular. His “Lamentations Over Boston” breathed the spirit of the Revolution, as also did 1 “Retros- pect,” “Independence” and *' Columbia.” THE FIRST FLAGS. In July, 1773, on Prospect Hill, Gen- eral Israel Putnam raised a flug upon which was inscribed the motto of Con- necticut, ‘Qui transtalit sustinet,” and on the reverse were written the words “An Appeal to Heaven.” In October, 1775, the floating batteries of Boston carried a flag with the motto **An Ap- peal to Heaven,” the design being a pine white field. Virginia carried a flag in 1775 which displayed a rattlesn: coiled as if about to strike, and the motto. “Den’t tread on me.” When General Washington sumed command of the motley army gathered before Boston in January, 1776, the flag raised at his headquarters had the thirteen red and white stripes just as they are to this day, but the union was formed of the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew displayed on a blue ground. It is said that when the British regulars saw it they sup- posed it wa$, an evidence of submis- sion to the King, who had just issued his proclamation. free on a as- THE DECLARATION COMMITTEE. Although the American colonies had been at war with England over a year, it was not till July 4, 1776, that a ma- jority of the Continental Congress, rep- resenting the colonies, voted for final separation from the mother country. July 4, on the motion of Richard Henry Lee, of Virginia, the Congress voted that “the United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and indepen- dent States.” A committee consisting of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Ben: jamin Franklin; Roger Sherman and Robert ‘R. Livingston appointed to draw up a declaration of indepen- dence, which was afterward signed by fifty-six delegates representing thirteen States, : vas STIRRING SCENES. At 2 o'clock on the afternoon of July 4, 1776, stirring scenes were enacted in Philadelphia. In answer to the signal of “Ring!” given by the lad stationed below for that purpose, the old bell- man rang out a wonderful peal, while the whole city shouted for joy. The King’s arms were taken down from the Court House, the city was illumin- ated, bonfires were lighted and rejoic- ing continued far into the aight. In New York a leaden figure of George 111. was pulled from its pedestal on Bowling Green and moulded into ball- ets. a KEYSTONE STATE CULLINGS THOMPSON KEEPS PROMISE. Sells Ceal Land and Gives $103,000 to Washington and Jefferson College. President James D. Moffat, of Washington and Jefferson College, announced that J. V. Thompson, of Uniontown, had turned over to the trustees the college $100,000, which he promised several years ago for the endowment of the president's chair. The amount was pledged with the provision that it was not to be given until certain coal lands owned by Mr. Thompsen in = Washington county were sold. A few weeks ago a large tract along the Monongahela river was sold to Jones & laughlin, of “ittsburgh and in accordance with ) se the money has been turn- ed over by Mr. Thompson. Reports to the State Department of Agriculture are favorable as regards the wheat and hay crops in Pennsl- vania. Corn conditions are improving The wheat was well covered during the colder portions of the winter and the ccol weather and frequent rains of the spring have been good for the grain. A acreage than ever before has been put out and the ex- pectations are for an unusual yield. larger Rye also has been put out in unusu- ally large quantity and the return is expected to be in proportion. J. K. Crinkey, Fennsylvania rail- road brakeman, was struck by light- ning at water tank near Young- ‘ipped of nearly picked up was taken to the 1 The Meth- Greensburg this evening is is the fourth struck by the wood. C all his unconscious Episcopal church at ruck by lightni and badly damaged time the chu lightning and I aint. The church time at same I was sold last week to a real estate company. The Sherrick Lumber company of Connellsville purchased from E. W. McNeill, 1,900 acres of timber land in Tucker county, W. Va. The consider- ation was 1,000 cash. The purchas- ing company is composed of Samuel PyJohn D..B.T. EK, and. Charles Sherrick, James R. Gilbert and Jos- eph Anderson. An order has been issued from the headquarters of the Second Brigade, National Guard of Pennsylvania, di- recting that an election for captain be held by Col. R. P. Elder, at Lewis- town, on July 4 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Maj. C. S. W. Jones, who commanded the Sheri- dan troop since 1871. Judge J. Sharp Wilson of Beaver County, handed down an opinion con- firming, that of the viewers and de- claring the Fallston bridge free. The structure spans the Bgaver river be- tween Fallston and New Brighton. It is the fifth bridge to be made free. The price is $47,000. At a cong tional meeting of the First Methodist Protestant church, of Washington, Rev. George C. Shep- pard, D. D., was chosen pastor again for the tenth successive year. He had received three other calls, but has re- jected all and will remain in Wash- ington. The ninetieth anniversary exer- cises of Allegheny college were held on th 20th in Ford Memorial chapel. Addresses were delivered by William Reynolds, class of 1837; Bishop James M. Thoburn, class of 1857; Miss Ida M. Tarbell}, class of 1880, and Rev. Robert G. Freeman, class of 1904. While W. 8. Stouffer, of Greens- burg, was driving a traction engine near Delmont, the bridge’ spanning Beaver Run gave way precipitating the engine into the bed of the stream and wrecking it. Mr. Stouffer's loss is $2,000. A census of the ages of residents of Buffalo, Washington county, which contains about 100 people, shews that here are ten ogtogenarians. Buffalo is said to be the healthiest town in the county, being 1,300 feet above sea level. The Rev. J. W. Carpenfer of In- dianapolis, Ind., assumed the past- orate of the Central Christian church of Uniontown, having been chosen to succeed the Rev. Herbert Yeuell, who resigned to re-enter evangelistic work. The State Highway department awarded the contract for building three and one half miles of road in Washington county to 8S. F. Felkel Son & Co. cf Pittsburg, at its bid of $32,500. Prof. George B. McCutcheon, for 15 years a member of the faculty of Washington and Jefferson college, at Washington, has resigned. Prof. Mec- Cutcheon expects to go to Colorado for his health. The congregation of the Greenville Baptist church has extended a call to the Rev. C. S. Tinker, of Newark, N. J.,, who was pastor of the church from 1880 to 1902. Rev. Maynard R. Thompson, who has been pastor of the First Baptist Church of Connellsville for one year, tendered his resignation, to take effect the end of this month. The! two-year-old daughter of John Miklusiah, of Sharon, fell into a cess- pool and was drowned. The child had been missing for 24 hours. Mary A. Moyo, 54 years old, Mrs. committed suicide by hanging herself at Washington. The corner new Swe at Titus stone Ww NAT re - Congrcga church OT of for, a} ADUBS 70 ~ SPLENDOR. MEN OF BUSINESS RECOGNIZE ADVANTAGES OF ACETYLENE. Tamons Summer Ifatel, the Grand Union of Saratoza, Ins Xnstalled This est of All Arlificial Lights—Yeans In- creased Comfort and Health, Saratoga, June 27.— The very name, “Saratoga,” brings to ‘every mind health-giving sprin unstirpassed hoc- tels and beautiful drives. It has been for many years the Mecea for all whe admire nature, enjoy good living, and are searching for healtin, or are simply taking a vacation. The Grand Union. the largest sum- mer hotel in the United States, set among gircen trees with its long wings enclosing a court with fountains and flowers, grass and trees, music and light, is throughout the season thronged with guests. With the progressive spirit always shown by its manage- ment, the Grand Union has again add- ed to its attractivencss by introduc- ing acetylene gas to make still more brilliant the evening hours. The genial proprietors believe in furnishing their guests with the best of everything, and now, after investigating and find- ing that Artifiei.d Sunlight can be had, they have installed a complete acety- lene gas plant to produce ‘it, and have connected upwards of six thousand Acetylene burners in and about the plant. Like many discoveries of recent years, which are coming into popular favor, acetylene, onc of the most re- cent, is very simply produced. It is adapted for use wherever artificial light is needed and the necessary ap- paratus can be understood and oper- ated by any one. The generator in which Aceirlone 35 produced by ihe automatic contact of carbide and water might be termed a gas plant, as it performs all of the unctions: of a city gas plant. The cotylene gencrator can b2 purchased for a few dollars and in any size, from one adapted to furnish acetylene to ten or a dozen burncrs for a cottage, up to the large but still simple ma- chine such as is now furnishing Acet: ¥ylene for six thousand burners in t18 Grand Union. Outside of large. cities the use of Acetylene is quite common. The own- er of the country home now demands running water, gas and other conveni- ences which a few years ago were con- sidered as luxuries, and acetylene gas has met his requirements, and gives him a better and cheaper light than is ordinarily furnished in cities. It is well known that rooms lighted with Acetylene are more comfortable, because cooler, and more healthful be- cause {he air is not vitiated. ay aag An Oklahoma Phenomenon. Tipping is not looked upon as necessary in the Southwest, and. it i said there are not more than three towns in the territory where it is at n 8 U 4 all necessary to give a waiter money to have him carry in your “rib ends.” Two hungry travelers landed in a town in Kiowa county the - other night. It was far past the supper hour, and the chances for anything to eat were not promising, but the land- lady said if Mary, the girl, was willing to prepare and serve the meal, her guests would not go hungry. When a platter of fried steak with country fried potatoes were set on the table one of the men, in an urban way, slipped a quarter to the corner of the table. The girl stood in embarrass- ment for a moment and then turned and walked to the kitchen. A call for more coffee brought the girl to the table again and the travelers ex- plained the money was only to show how glad they were to get the meal. Mary finally accepted the money under protest that she felt as though she was not doing right.—Kagpsas City Journal. Tridacna Shells. Tridacna shells are very commonly used in churches in Europe for holy water basins and even fonts. The largest, perhaps, are those in uss at St. Peter’s, Rome. These shells at- tain a weight of 500 pounds (the two valves together), the animal itself sometimes being twenty pounds in weight. The word “Tridacna” is from the Greek ‘“tridaknos,” eaten at three bites; but who could eat a twenty-pound animal at three bites! —St. Nicholas. Why ? Why, when buying a book, are we in- fluenced by the author's name? Why by an artist’s if we purchase a picture? Why do wise buyers insist upon havngz a reliable name on nearly everything they purchase? It is because the name attached -is the safeguard of the buyer—a protection against the palming off of inferior articies. This ‘name guarantee’ we all Jook for in the most important things we buy, and what can be more important than our food? Everybody knows that all intelligent housekeepers are very particular about the buying of things to eat and drink, and no- ly realizes it more than the up-to-date grocer, who caters to the wants of his cus- tomers For instance, every real grocer knows the reason for the wumiversal popularit Liox Corre, the lcader of all pac secs. He knows that its uniform’ purity gh quality have made it welcome in lions of American homes for over a rter of a eentury. g this he cannot but hand it out when asked for’ it. He knows people accept the package as a CIICE ly it the’ 1 grocers left wh buyer—not JIC COFFE, tomer asks for, the Loth know. anda mers oi In such « wisest 3 iss “Change your Put Crease on the Nail long since I saw a person try- h a piece a f until I It was » PROO] Ther sailing that al to get ness fr for the pulled gan to ship's the dec punish tion tc given 1 plank went from v Sentim world NER’ Curis of chil proble: is mac the ha them ¢ noticec by dis ,case t Twitcl ing of hesitat that s¢ must mere | either health fective called faulty his eff In suc should tested. action, stoppil cate it POI The outloo! health of ars dyes: “We impor cially skin, compo readil; sympt easily metal has tl metall othery preser rials » Woc siery, way. cheap distin amour much ings.” VOGT One play hair t had os wome locks seems expen ininit; have | fore. gold, with sizes. ways, ticall] The made select of co sive, matel pin I Now tirely are ni or sil come neck ‘Wh to tal celair ances for st In 1 house every batht a few Thi a gre end, above than not ¢
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers