SINGLE COPIES; -}'= VOLUM XII.- -NUMBER 15. • TIOD I'OTTER JOURNAL, )411115111W EVEttY 110IINTS6, HT Thos. S. Chase, , trhoni. CommtinicationF Maid be addressed, to secure attention. 4mg--Invariably in Advance : $1,25 per Annum.' —ntsimuquitrlssumnimussiuummuressnunsu ,Terms of Advert Square [lO lines? 1 insertion, - - - 50 3 II -- $.l 50 , 7 a subseq uuntinsertion loss than 13, a 25 Square three months, 2 50 six -- 4 00 • 5 50 00 3 00 50 13 00 10 00 If 7 00 " per year.. - - -- • 30. 00 16 00 displayed, per annum 65 00 • six months, 35 00 - three " 16 00 one month, 600 per square O( 10 lines, each insertion under 4, 100 u of columns will be inserted at the same le3. - " nine " one year, to and figure work, per sq.; 3 ins. ery subsequent insertion, Column six months, CM:11 iiaistrator's or Executor's Notice, 200 titer's ?iOticea, each, 1 50 riffs Sales, per tract, - -•- 150 iage Notkes;_ 1 00 erce Noticei, each, • 1 50 linistrator's Sales;.per square for 4 insertions, einess or Professional Cards, each, not erccding 8 lines, per year, - - 500 pecial awl Editorial Notices, per line, 10 gay- All transient advertisements must be id in co!vanee, and no notice will' be taken advertisements from a distance, unless they accompanied by the money or satisfactory !Tetlee. gilt,slllto earb. •unnnuunuimmumrmum JOIIN S. MANN; iRSEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW. Coudersport, Pa., will attend the several Courts in Potter and .IPK.can Counties. All bushaecs entrusted in his care will receive prompt.attention.. Office on Main st., oppo site the Court - House. . 10:1 F. _KNOX,. • WET . AT LAW, Coudersport, Pa., will ularly attend the Courts in Potter and adjoining Counties. 10:1 ARTHUR G: OLMSTED, & COUNSELLOR AT LAW, Coudersport, Pa., will attend to all business en , rusted to his care, with promptncs and fkkh. ity. 011Icc in Temperance Block, sec end floor, Main St. 10:1 ISAAC BENSON WHY AT LAW, Coudersport, Pa., will attend to all business entrusted to him, with care and promptness. Clime corner of West and Third ets. 10:1 C. L. HOYT, IVIL ENGINEER, 'SURVEYOR and DRAUGHTSMAN, Bingham, Potter Co., P 4., will promptly and efficiently attend to all business entrusted to him. First-class professional roterencis ean'be given if re quired. 11:29-Iy* CHARLES -11EISS3I_ANN; dINET MASER, having erected a new and convenient Shop, on the South-east corner of Third and West streets, will he happy to receive and fill all orders in his balling. Repairing and re-fitting carefully atad.neatly done on short notice. 'idrrsport, Nov. 8, 1859.-11-Iy. O. T. ELLISON, ,CTICING PHYSICIAN, Coudersport, Pa., :spectfu.Uy informs the citizens of the cil- Lge she vicinity that he will promply re iond to all calls for professional service!. Zee on Main st., in building formerly oc cupied by C. W. Ellis, Esq. P:22 COLLINS 3111Ttf SMITH & JONES, ALERS IN DRUGS, MEDICLNES, PAINTS, 01le, Fancy Articles, Stationery, DIT Goods, Groceries, &c., Main at., Coudersport, Pa. - 10:1 D. E. OLMSTED; ALER IN DRY - GOODS, READY-MADE Plotkin& Crockery, Groceries, &c., Main st., Coudersport, Pa. 10:1 M. W. MANN, .Lllll IN BOORS k STATIONERY, MAG AZINES and Music, N. W. corner of Main sad Third sts., Coudersport, Pa. ' 10:1 .MARK GILLOI4, 4PERiind TAILOR, late from the City of Prerpool, England. Shop opposite Court Rouse. Coudersport, Potter Co. Pa.. N. E. —Particular attention paid to CUT TWO. 10:35-1y. J. OLUSTED S D KELLY. OLMSTED & KELLY, ALEII IN STOVES, TIN & SHEET IRON WIRE, Main it., nearly.opposite the..COurt House, Coudersport; Pa. Tin and. Sheet Iron Ware mode to order, in good style, on short notice. 10;1 COUDE.RSPORT HOTEL, • F• GLASSMIRE, Proprietor, Corner ot Main and Second Streets; Coudersport, Pot ter Co., Pa. 9:44 ALLEGANY TIOUS, , iirTEL 41ILLS, Proprietor, Colesburg putter Co., Pm.; •seven'milei north' of Cou 4graport ou the Wollsrille Road. 9:44 LYMAN HOUSE, C. LYMAN, Proprietor, Ulysses, Potter Co., P. This House is situated on ilici East corner of Main street, opposite A. Corey & Sows store, and is well adapted to meet the trims of patrons and friends. 12:11-1y. ...st - ------,-- , —...... 0. • ' ' - ' : -=ti i r - .. . A , f....'... ti --, 0 ‘:._. ' . - . ...- I''' '''' .'' - - ' . ..' ' '''''' ; . . ~, ~ f ..' - ). 111111 A V - ' ' ' .-0 .4: : - T 1.- • ... ' •' 1 1 '.- :tie- '- ' , f '- '' ' ;;, .' i l , _ , • . r _ .___ 4 1. ' • . . - Ilk ' , • - -,* : 1 ) -.-. - -- --,, 4 41 11 . • 1 , - ----- . . , . _ . ~ _ IMEI BY ourra IPLNDELL HOLMES. 0 Love Divine. that stooped to share • Our sharpest pang, our bitterest tear, On Thee we cast each earth-born care, We smile at pain while Thou art near Though long the weary way we tread, And snrrow crown each lingering years No pith we shim, no darkness dread. Our hearts still whispering, Thou art near! Whea diooping„pleasure turns to grief, - And trembling, faith is clian,Ted to fear, The murmuring wind, the quivering leaf Shall softly tell us, Thou art near I Oa Thee we fling our bu -- de. ing 'woe, 0 Love Divine, for ever dear, Content-to suffer} while we knuvr, Living and dying-, Thou art near Governor Chase's Speech at • ' Cincinnati. THE DOUGLAS DOCTRINE ANALYZED We find the following thorough and conclusive review of. Douglas's Sovereign ty- professions in a speech delivired by Governor Chase at Cincinnati, on the 20th of November ultimo, after the recent Ohio election. It is worthy of careful perusat—particularly by Douglas _demo crats : 1 50 The words popular sovereignty are good words ; the idea they, embody is a goad idea. • The bold assertion that the so-call ed democratic party are the champions, and that the Republican party ore the en. einies . of popular sovereignty is the city ningest device which could possibly. be contrived to cover up the propagandism of slavery and the usurpations of the save power. It is the cid plan- of "stealing the livery. of heaven to serve the devil in." We love popular . sovereignty, for it is the bu!wark of human rights. We re vere the power of the people, because-we see in it every man's safest defence against wrong Our opponents were sagacious enough, therefore, when they iterated, and reiter ated the cry of popular sovereignty, and, by bold and clamorous assertions, sought to create the belief that the Republicans, seeking to arrest the spread of slavery, were assailing the right of the people to govern themselves. It was the only course, indeed, which offered the slightest possi bility of success; for the defenders pi slavery, as the best relation between cap ital and labor, aro yet ib the free states, even aniot.g those who call themselves democrats. It is not to be denied that many were misled . by that cry and by those assertions. We can never be oblig ed to maintain our Republican position under oreater disadvautages than those produced by the misconceptions thus cre ated. There was, however, one great advan ; tage in all this. It compelled a general and thorough discussion of the position taken by Mr. Douglas and his friends., It led to universal inquiry, What is this pop ular sovereignty which is so vehemently asset ted ? is it a reality or a sham Is it-the old doctrine handed down to us by our fathers in the -iminortal Declaration, or is it acme modern counterfeit, got up to serve base party necesSities? We looked.for the description of the specific given by the patentee himself. We inquired—How does "my doctrine of popular sove.eignty," : described in "my Kansas-Nebraska bill," agree with or dif fer from the doctrine of the fathers of the Republic embodied.by Thomas Jefferson in the nation's creed of human rights ? ENE= We read Mr. Douglas's Woosterspeech - , and we found him .positively asserting " that he never uttered any such nonsense as that a territory was a sovereign pow er." How, then, we asked, can there be popular sovereignty in a territory. When there is no "sovereign power" can there be any sovereignty of the people? .Why talk, then j •of popular sovereignty in a ter ritory? Clearly it seems for no honest purpose. We sought to know what rights Mr. Douglas did claim for the people of a ter ritory. We found his own statement io a Senate report, made by himself as chair man of the committee on territories, and quoted by him iu that same Wooster speech. "The sovereignty of a territo ry," he says in that report, "renrains,in abeyanee,,Euspended in the United States, in trust,for the people, until they shall be admitted into the Union as a state. In the meantime-the y are permitted to exer cise and enjoy all the rights and privi leges of self-government; to be exercised in subordination-to the constitutioa and in obedience to the organic law." , Here we have it. This is the Deuti, las doctrine of popular sovereignty-the ° "rights of self-government in s,ubordina.- tion to the constitution and in obedience to the organic law." The people of a ter ritory • have no sovereignty. /t is sus: pended—At is not very clear where— but Inils Cana. From the Atlantic Monthly, for Xovember HYMN OF TRUST ~finli~irxC, i ) eboica fo of ,TrEle , ;licerßeg,,qqa fife 0;!* r evi,q4 - ficili - yo)lll9, , l.iteNttoe Aga, C9I3DEIttPOItt POTTER COIJ TTY , PA4: THURSDAY, me certainly sa"s_peuded. : ‘lt'earinottieested in the people Until they 'mine. into the Union -as a state. -"In the meantime"— and a very ;neon- time it is—"they : are ad mitted"—howgrac:ous. that is—•itto exer cise and enjoy the rights of 'self-govern ment in subcirdinatjon •tO the constitution and in obedience to the'organic law." . I pass over, to night, the limitation of "sub ordination to the constitution"—though the whole wickedness of the Dred Scott decision is covered Up hi it—and ask your attention to that.other limitation, "obedi ence to the orianieLiny." • ' ' The people of—a territory must obey tithe organic law." , They have only such rights of self-government as they may ex ercise in cbedience to that. • The popular sovereignty taught by iJef ferson -consisted in the derivation a the l• powers of government from the governed. There can be no genuine. 'popular sove -11 reignty, according to his teaching,. where the people do nut institute their own gov,• ernment-frame their own - "organic law." •Now, how is it with Donglas's "my doctrine"? Why,. 4 my doctrine" refers the power of organizing the government of the territories to Congress.. Mr. Doug las himself framed the organic act---the fundamental law—the constitution of Kansas and Nebraska. Congress, by en lactutent, gave it being and vitally. Nei ther the people of Kansas nor the people l of Nebraska were consulted at all about their Institutions. The consent of the governed had nothing to do with the pow ers of .the government. Those powers are derived in ICausas and Nebraska and- every other territory. Pont the act of Con gress which Mr. Douglas calls the organ ic law. When he says, therefore, that the' rights of self-government are to Le exercised iu obedience to the organic law, he says, in reality, they are to be exer cised is obedience to Congress. What kind of popular. sovereignty have we here.? Does not this sham cut rather a sorry. figure by the side of the grand old verity of Thomas Jefferson ? But n.)w let us look into. my Kansas- Nebraska bill" and see what powers - of self-government the people may exercise "In obedience to the organic act." Ev ery really self-governing people must ex ereise; through agents appointed by it 'self, in such form as itself may prescribe, legislative, judicial and executive powers. In other words, it must make, construe and execute its own laws. I . Now we have already seen that with the waking of its fundamental law the people of IZansrs or Nebraska had.noth ing whatever to do. Mr. Douglas and Congress made it. But, passim -, over this, iiiew much legislative, judicial and exec utive power does the organic act allow to 1 the people? It vests " the legislative power in the Governor and a legislative,' assembly"; fixes the number of-Anembers of each branch of-the - legislature; pro; vides fop their pay ;.determines how many I days they may sit; and then subjects all their acts to the veto of the Governor., Not much popular sovereignty here'. Not much. "power of self-government in obedience to the organic act," where no I bill can become a lasi - Without the approv al of the Gov-nor, unless passed •by al vote of two-thirds of the members of each Ilouse I But this is not the worst of it. The Governor,. thus made a constituent element of the legislative_ power, and clothed with- the prerogative of the veto, is not elected by ihe people of the terri tory, but appointed. by the federal gov ernment, through the President. Thus we see that this organic act al loiss the people. next, to the - legislative Dower. • What executive power does it give them ? None whatever. That pow er is vested in a Governor, or, in his ab- 1 Bence, in a Secretary;• and both are ap pointed by . the President. Where then, finally, does-the organic set vest the su preme judiciary power? • In a Supreme Court.. Do you say then, " Well, the peo ple certainly elect their own judges." If you do, you are mistaken; forjhe judges areall appointed by the President. What powers of self governnient, then, I repeat, have the people of a territory "in obedi ence to the organic law"; ? No executive! pewer, no judicial power, and practically.; no legislative power, except in subjuga-. tion to the federal Executive. In other words; here is a . people, organized as a po litical community by. act of Congress; without poiver to make, construe or exe cute their own laws. -Can we fail to ad mire, in the organic law by which they are thus subjttgateci, " my doctrine of pop ular sovereignty." . ' . Now, these 'violations of every just prin ciple of true self-government were not in advertant or accidental. When this Kan saa-Nebraska bill ot Mr. Douglas was un der discussion, I, as your senator, object etL to the Veto power proposed to be given the Governor, but without avail. I pro posed amendments giving to. the people the power to elect .their own. Governor, their 't.wn secretary and their own judges, and these amendments were voted down by Mr. Douglas and his confederates in repealing the'prohibition against the ex tension of slavery. It was a premedita- visa ted thibg-i-tb is striPPing en every .attributo:and fmaciton, ty,:and._thisr subjugation. a' Will and control of 'the Pr( is the purpose* hard to gites, ident'itris•the servabt'of-ii and his will a d control wa central of - the oltgareby.. .. . Just ene•th no further - i. this connec tion."-'`Doe's r , bts 'organic: et - enable the people 'to '-exe tide slavery? 'Mr: -Deng 7as„r4s,us. th t he 'regards laves as prep ' erty, - reeogniz d' as such y the federal Iconstitution ; hat slaves t ken into the territories remar tr. property_ - and- - that nei ther a territorial nor state I gislature has a right to deprive, an: owneir of his prop erty without his 'consent, ezeept for pub lic use,.upon : due compensltion. . Still, 'he says, a territorial legislsturo, by iu friendly legislation or non-action, may control slavery so as to mae slave-hold lug. impracticable, or, wha is the same thing, inconvenientand un rofitable. But this is not what we want. Such legisla, I ire action, if we admit the slaves taken into a territory remain property, and that this prOperty in man is reegnized by the constitution, can hardly be vindicated . as honest or constitutional. . *hat we want for the people of a territor , l —what they want for themselves-is is i.' übitaittive, sufficient and efficient power, plainly re cognized in the organic adt, to exclude slavery-L-to prevent its introductiori---to keep it out. Have they -go - tl \ -- this power under Mr. Puuglas's olgerie act r 'He will not say so. lie may ?say that the people may exclude slaverylby making it convenient and unprofitable'to hold slaves, and may thus force slavery ::-.tit after it has come in. But ho will not ay that they can exclude slavery by keg ping it out- 1 preventing its introduction.- He can not say so and be consistent with himself. Now all this throis light upon :: some what remarkable passage iq the history of the Kansas-Nebraska 'bill. i You will re , member that I proposed to mnend it by declaring distinctly a'd in sp: Many words, that •' under the Constitution the ;people may, through their legal rpresentatives, if they see fit, exclude : shivery."..' You will remember tbat this aMendtuent was voted down by Mr. Douglai and_ his fol.- ' luw-repeelers. I charged then, and I have fruitier:oy charged since, that . it was nev er intended that the people' should be al lowed, under the billthe,lorgawc act— to exclude slavery. 'You /now see -howl - well founded that charge ~ ..•s. The Dred' Scott decision—the urn vers i construction I of theoligarehy—Mr.Doug as'sewo state- 1 merits. all demonstrate' tha it was right. 1 llerc, then, we barb poplar sovereign- I ty according-to "my dbc rine," as ,sett 'forth in ". my Kand,as-Nebraska bill"; a! people wi h a subjugated le,gislai ure ; with 1 a Govein r appoint }dl by the President, I in whose election they have no voice '• , with judges also appointedlby the Prei- I dent ; wit rat power to protect-themselves against tl e introdnetioM of 'the oreat moi -1 : . ts - . al, sccial: and political eViI of slavery. What crqcl mockery it is ! ) What a mon strous absurdity IR the attempt to vindi cate suchlegislation ill ,the( 0 name of pop- I nlay sovereignty! How palpable it is ,8 , 4 the cry of popnlar sovereil.,-lity.isa cheat i and a fraud, and -all belief n the shaui'a miserable; dblusion.! • ' .... We hare to thank Mr.. Douglas for Hie . discussion (for his coining l'prevokedit which has exposed this ATeteusion an deprived it of all power Ito do furthe I-mischief. The verdict of l Ohimtbis fall .l is against this wretched counterfeit of a great and vital truth.. ..It.will no longer pass current among her pebple.. All at tempts to giv'e it circnlttifoit.will only dis- ' credit these who Make th. For this I I repeat, we may thank Mt D.Ouglas. I, . cheerfully admit thaLhe has. more 'than -paid the debt', he owed! me. 1 ' ' _-, I • Another lesson lis.- been deeply im pressed on'. the inindsl of - the people of., Ohio by the discussion of this fall. It is I this: That the democracy t pf-18.59 is nei- 1 • .(her in faith nor practice t,hb democracy;, of 1849. 'l . le partylna - Imi: Is preserved, but neither the men hot the principles of the party ••remain the &Ole. The so-] called democratic party of i ie-day renOune, 'es its old doctrines of equallrights and ex -1 act just;ce to all, guarded aid scoured by equal laws ard. just administration, and, substitutes for them .the 'dogmas of' the I propagandists and- perPetualista of slave.- ry, wretchedly disguiged under the bol- : low pretences of .popfdar !saveri6nty.-:- This change of - principles! announces a change in men. Of titose - ho most bold ly and zealously niaintainrid 'the demo.' cratic faith in 1849, Vast nitnbent have been compelled i - by simple fidelity to that faith, to join the Republican ranks.;An. who have taken theirlplace in tho mis called- democracy :ofto-day ay?.' Look around 'II in and see. - You know the n. They aro pro-slavery Whigs, whO either .from mis taken views of obligation, or fenninnstrust of the people and dislike of4he: doetrine of equal rights,'wete pi•Militiery in their' feelings; Americans of • likb mind _a - a'd sentiment; and some . - I free toilers, I Aim 'sorry to add, who have forsaken the doe trine and party of freedom for the creed El EME =I ISBEII - 15,..185.9. riese sic Elie nie 'Who . fill tip',ll:l - part; Aterau,k's .detwoera (;:y, broken add titin npirlieCause‘ Of i ts aim 4ostacy. frOin I sair,, iii parr, for we- all'iid,Wihut democr atic party, Wltieh' i . While' OrcifeSsitig.• ho'stilitj to slavery 'eitensiSort algra zeal for en-, franchhinnent limited oiity by ,respect tot' the righis seierritt !states, coliimanded large majorities, lia.4, eyer apos taby from. its priniples Made tbani, rest, been reduced to a, minority in Ohio. The men who havejoined. the party-com pensate neither by number nor by .vigor for the men who bare been constrained to leaveit rather tbau abandon their prin ciples. It is wow clearly seen that when the democratic, perty enjoyed . the confi dence of the'people, it proclaimed the doe trineswhich. the t epublicau party now proclaims. the people of of sovereign thein to tin lsident. • Not The Pies slave pnwer. the, will and . Let Us orgauize for, the great r struggle. The hearts,h the judgments, the concionces ; of. the people.are. with au. Go into your-streets, observe your noble architecture, centeirplate your prosper tois industry, cpusider sehoola where yotir ebil!lreu received he .blessings of education, and ;the Churches . where you worship the poi:union Father of. - its all behold these monuments of free labor, and refuse if you can, toljoin . fir -defence ofthe great plihiciPle which' works' out these splendid results—the -principle of the inalienable rights of every, man to liberty—the freest exercirse of all,the pow ers aUd. faculties- which' ; God has given hiai for his own good and the good of his fellow-men. 1 in , Let us not-be told that tnui main ' taining the rights and interests of free la bor we act an Unfriendly; part to bur feJ: low-eitisens of the slaveatates. It is-not so. We propOse no interference with then' or with their slavery. So far as we are concerned, they and their states shall have every right which' the constitution gives them. I have alWays-. said so. I never refused to tueasures for the promo tion of the' interests of bitizris of slave state's as.cordial support its I 'have giVen to Dice measure's ter the benefit .of the citizens of my, ',own' We *age: no, war withl any section - bfour. Common country. We insist only ,that the - few shall not be permitted to control thetnany—that - the government of the people shall be in the hands of the pebple and Inot in thehands of a iprivilcgad bless—that the slavehold ers of the slave states shall not force their'' slavery ,either into the tree states or the free territories of the republic. Have l not the masses of free white men in the states as deep an interestlin these objects as we have ? Is there anything in these I purposea of ours hostile even to any con-1 stitutional rights of the slave4tollersl themselves ? ' ; • - Let us unite,. then, for these puipoE•es of freedom. Let ui4 unite, too, fur reform —to arrest the fearful 'tendencies of the federal government to - leorroptton and prodigality—to secureto labor its just re wards—to protect and cherish our indus try,to elevate. the tone and scope - of our foreign intercourse,to cultivate a high eraud nobler sentiment of nationality, to make our country the glory of all lands and the example;of all nations. These are objects worthy the .labor of patriots: Let them be ours. i. I . I More Aboufthe Orga nization o 1 Potter County. . . • From the Tioga• +ilator. EDITOR OF THE AGITATOR—Dear Sir : In that part of your paper of last week de vOted to the " idjoiningteounties" I no tice an article from the "otter Journal touching upon the earlythistory of that county. I have a few filets in regard to the of forts of the late. JOHN. KEATIND, Esq., of Philadelphia, bit induce settle- Ments in Potter County, related to me by .himself some yerrs Ingo, Which may not _be uninteresting to your).caders. ~Besides the' gifts of.oo acres of land to an Acadenly i and 8509' to help build the same; and, the gift of two-thirds of 97 acres of land whereon Ito build a coun tytown, (as rceited - in the preamble of the act of March 4th, 1807, which estab lish. Potter as 'a aeperatc county,) Mr. IKeating contributed largely from - his means to advance the interests of the settlers in the then trildetnes.S. ' ' When the territory now known as - Pot- ter County was- about being purohesed, most of that ,part of ,thelState.,was then known as Lycoming Coutity. _lt was all a wild'er'ness without reads or settlers and ably traversed by Indians!, who had often been i very troublesothe to purveyors.- Sin the east; the ne,4test settlements wereon" the-Borth-east.branch of the Suicpaehan na; to the north there were settlerajn Steubeu and 'Allegany.counties; to the west settlers had already bi , gun in Warren county on the illeb.egny iiver,and on the south no settlers were nearer .to Potter county than those on the n4th-west branch of the Susluehanna. Mi.' Iceating and the' other purehaserti could look only to tht,tlatter as being neighb l nra to the set tlers of Potter count', the other settlers ! being out off, by natural difficulties.veryi hatd at.that time to toveroome: Besides! 1 i - I- ~ '-, ~, '7r rr'7is EMMQMIE TERMS.--$2.25 PER UEL::: this' the settletnerde on I the, sout were net ipareaS any or the Otheratetned, and'hence the ;first' move hay e road oPened. - to JOsey Shore, 14.* eh Z. will teltycei more preseutly - ----" As soon as Jolit, Keating. tk, chased these lands from .r,• W .Ig uk,Bing• hitch ' they commenced by baving-4heir purchase well ,explored. _ _Thia:taa,k;was confided to . 11'1166s King, (S of Win: ..Esq• j r . no,w,t4;§metit port pal,) who' gave the "greatesi Satiate: • Lion to, his employers as:air exeollent sur veyor j. intelligent in his explorations:a,nd in all his observationi respecting the imit„ climate; and future prosii crity Of the coun ty.: He encountered every.':ditfietalt,y - , every danger and privation with the great; est 'peiseverence and fortitude... Having axed - Open that section of -the Kcatieg lands iiew known as Ceres,- as. being the nearest to, the quarter.frout - soon er or later, - settlers and provisions , mist come, ,Mr. King started some time during the year 1809, I think, to meet Mr:Keat ing who had been waiting at, Dyke's Creek (now known as Wellsville by Genesee, N: Y . .) about eleven days, by reason - .of a de lay in opening a road from thelatter place' to Ceres.. After Seeing' what ecultt be done preparatory to • the forfeit-le - 1i :Of 'a settlement - at Clercs; Mr. Keatingand Mr. • King 'started together for the south, and it took .them' five days to reach thewiters of the Susquehanna. When about three miles below the mouth of ,the_ Siubeiutt- Ironing they found two &militia' Veil poor lv• off as to everything. These . 11.0ethe First whites they .had seen "on jour, ney. 'There was not a settler otrraity of the branches of the Sinn emahoni tig. They followed the river down to Northumber land, and, there.made arrangements with John Cowden, Esq., which e'nabied, them [to procure all that was necessary to: corm ineuce at Cores. They had to takefami lies.and provisions up to the month 'olthe thence up the - Driftiitiod; thence across the portitgeto'-the. Alleghe ny at Canoe Place (now Port . AllOgaey ;) thence down the Allegheny to the mouth of the Oswayo ; thence up tite - a - tWayii to Corea, a 'distance of at leas'te , o' htinideed miles- Of course the expenses : . of r aiieh a trip were not very light. - *mats required a continuation of such 'expenses for three or four years, not by :the route of the' Sinneinanoning alone, - but . by the Allegheny from Pittsburg.- If Mr. Bing ham, from whom John Keating . 4 Co. purchasedl their lands, had tot been-Car ried off by a sudden and premature death, he wo uld i have contributed' 'agreeably. to his positive intentions, by his means, to the improvement of his estate, especially" in that county. The minority of hiS I sou cauiecta delay of twenty years.. • tinbar. rassinent in the affairs of other large,prO prietors; the indifference of otherS3 - the unsettled disputes of 'the ..Pinniylvattla and' Connecticut elabnants; - thepurehasi of Indian lands; the - opening Of the Erie Canal, and Many othereircumstanees,have proved great drawbacks to_ the kettleMetts of Potter and the neighboringeounties.: But, Mr. Keatinc; did net Istop., with simply making explorations-and. surveys., He itidueed. Men of character to''becOtne scttleis by generous donations algid; and that the education-of their- children might not be neglected he employed an Etigli l slunan named John- ~Watsont as s. chool teacher for fiVe_years..ene4sfary: of $lOO 'a year. Ile furnished .the first families with a medicine. chest, ,a1,14 . -gar! premiums on 'potatoes, norn,S;c.; - which amounted 'to : $250. With the aid' of the then trustees of the county,.,Mr. Keating . , got a road opened fronfeeres tOßigMead. - (Ts (neat , the Manchester . Mills itt, tide county? a distance of fifty-five miles. He gave $2OO to this object, and Wm 0 gave .l- Bingham $250. Mr. K...eroployed , 0 a man named Carson, of JelseyShokto clear ten acres on a lot belonging to hint. self in Potter county (now-Sweden-toWn ! ship I believe). and built a honed theteott for the - entertainment of traieleni. ::114 gave to the late 'Mr.- Wm. -Ayres . a'leati of the same far seven year's, frecy and his choice of a lot of 100 acres' anywhere itt the connty as a consideration for his Oil: ing•there. Not one of -therold'sptilers Potter' or this County, who haseteppedtit . 'the Cold Spring Farm can forOt-theitetV, forts and - kindness enjoyed at the hospits; ble fire-side of Mr. Shortly afterward My. Keaii•ig'Sgiened" . with Major Isaac Lyman, ii most active; intelligent and • persev eri g unin to, giie - to forty settlers at his:cheiee, - fifty acres each,gra!is,_ and tó give to himself Ono' hundred acres gratis and . ten dollarkfor! each settler he would bring in - with - Ishii.- Major Lyman •was the father Of Judge I,vrqu; 'now' mail agent on the'Tiogs.7 . I will conolude this already long 0A.. , munication by a word about . tbe,Jerae:t Shore turnpike.' It was .extilorWslad . laid out. by Francis King,-' whale nese the early. settlers didlitnikft?, smooth away the' rough aide - of:oone* life: ;Th e State by an act of Assepblyi. ; - inado'a grant of 620,000. Mr: StOraid-: son, '"Mr. Bingham, Mr. Keiting •--....- i., MEE ,a,~~.5 4 7 :i.: fi. {:1i7"1 , !!• =SEM =ME ME MS 'r F "i'i'•t:~
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