HI ii it jyJ ra El ' i si a THE BLESS12TG3 OF GOVERNMENT, LIKE Tn2 D3TX3 OP HEAVEN, SHOULD 11B DISTRIBUTED ALIKE CPOS TUS HIGH AND THE LOW, THE EICU AND THE POOH. , PI., MEDiESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1859. VOL. G NO. 8. 5F5ies. Ill BEQllbLJ dtVE COUNTY MEETING. yi Meeting of citizens of Indiana, 'nnJ Clearfield counties, in favor of was held at the 4n of rine County, was hel ii .ll in the Borough ot Oherrytree, ?t beceniber 31st, 1858 wuuzel by electing the following offi- " 'C ".-,c Gamble, President; William II. JOSCUU jiv"w, . xuuiei iiiu, ..i lunulas in. A. Pyatt, 1 out 1UU. oci ni l uaun i Pi!nai;-ttec P.-!'. D ;, . V.mI.. Y II. Hamilton, Daniel J of five, consisting of Dr. 11. Kinports, llobert J. I Harter, and E. B. D, were app xesofoticas. ' - r; meeting c:J' " uy .- ' -- IT 1 ..-.! r5 1'. 1. ivmporis, xi. uueuer owuupe, !',auJ others. ?- Cumiiiiuee on resolutions made the lV report, which was unanimously Wltv ibo meeting: ian-EAi, Vi'e, the citizens residing within , Uu.nis"e3 of the proposed county, of Livo repeatedly sot forth in our peli--7blJ memorials, to the Legislature our "c ;'jr the crectiou of the uew county ; L.rs it 11 wt"H knowu and admitted ilit tar territory contains in abuudance ;La resources necessary ior making a .'erous county ; and whereas, it is also a '.riioiit fact, that these resources cannot iivelupeJ while our country is laboring .er such great disadvantages acl difficul .; iea-fure, ..Vw'-f-'. TLut it is the duty of our legis- i i - 1 - r l ft ) pass a iaw iur me erection oi rine .:,iiLd thereby relieve us of tho sore v.t.:t3 which we have so long endured, ii;;:a up a way tlje development of .. vis: wtural rcioarccs of our section of - - ;i:t'.luil, That all the opposition which we :t it 1'iiic County in tho several ais which are to be severed for its forma- i ii- i :, pra'ccas iroui purely Ec;nsn niouves, a,.ie cn trie part ot such opponents to foiii everything for themselves, and to , uiiJr tribute our numerous and enter ic population, unier the plea that we are .iUe to Ue Ciie oi ourselves; while, vt, they owe to us much of the wealth, jsrity power nieU ttioy urgeaer- Iced, thfct lr. V.h. Kinports be rc- :el to furuikh uj kdv vf hv Sneech. Lt it be published, together with the .ti'mgs of tLis meeting in the Bevcrl '.J! Citiztnt and fritndt of '(. y ver wiiliug to engage in a good jdidto battle for justice, 1 in part re- A to the call made upou me, not because tiijieif competent tor the uudertakiujj, xjtbilmta ate far luferior to many who ;a Iks assembly,) but because I am l'.j iattrested in the movemcut, and that -l lLtcrests calls me to action. I not fo.1 it to be my duty to be a eileut wor fcit to lend all mj abilities to the eater- jtLUcmen, we are met here to-dv for the ..ring of a noble, glorious, and impor :cti!9 jtie that should have the hearty $ri!ioa of every individual within its t s-omtthing that fchouli have the &wtf tiort-og us to a more than ordi- 3 v.iux of activity, and for the securing if grasp, we will not give it up, for the induce ments held out to ua at the present time are more flattering than ever before. Those who have heretofore been but list less and silent consentcrs to our work are now our warmest advocates. Hundreds of influ ential men have eulisted under our banner, and are now in pur ranks figbtinc with ua. because they think our cause just and right, and their own .interests are at stake. Their pockets and purses arc likely to be touched, and it is wouderous strange what a complete revolution-circumstances will produce in the minds of some individuals. We know tho feeling of benevolence in the majorityof our countrymen can only be reached thro' their pockets. Uegin to unloose their purse-strinjrs and thousands who were before inactive will fly to tho rescue, deeming it -their duty to protect themselves, if they have to assist oth ers in doing so I heartily wish the Cam brians' purse-strings, were india-rubber, and some would begin - to expand it. Methiuks we would have recruits pouring in upoa us by hundreds Friends wo never wot of be fore would eagerly reach for the friendly wag of the Pine county ian's right paw " The interest manifested by some persons for thur country's good is great, but for their own is greater still, and with the great mass benev olence flows more freely when it begins at home. ut, gentlemen, why are we asking for the erection of I'iuo county ? Is it to our inter est to secure it? What inducements have we for entering into the movement with so much zeal ? To the first question I would say. we are asking it because we think it our right, aud if justice is awaided by our Rep resentatives our prayers will net as heretofore be passed by without being heeded. Sec ondly, no person who has been a. resident of this county, and has undergone all the disad vantages arising from the inconvenience of its poor markets, worse than miserable roads, etc., can but think that it is to every one's interest, not in one but numerous Ways. Thirdly, our duty to self and country demands our most active exertions, and we go in for the greatest good for the greatest number, and the number benefitted by the erection of Pine county will not be smalrPIt is acknowl edged by all, and we know, that there are the means within our bounds to make a good county, and all we want arc the ways so that we can apdy our numerous resources. The inducements we would hold out for persons to join with us are the many advantages and beaefits arising froji it, not only to our own county but to all the surrounding ones. Iu reference to our natural resources, I would say they are unsurpassable. Our timber is the best tho United States can produce, and the quantity for the same area of country cannot be found. Besides the evergreen for ests of lofty pines, there are numerous beds uf iron-ore and stone-coal in fact by the ap pearance and face of our country, its mineral wealth is unbounded. Millions upon millions of treasure lie hidden underneath the surface, and wc can hardly compute that which is in view or upon it, and it will all be as the hid den testimony of the rocks remain a mystery until there are the ways and means of bring- uz it into usefulness, besides this treasure, ry one that their interests are centered in the great object, and now it only remains for us to make the necessary exertions to secure the prize while it is being held out. AH the opposition wo have to meet comes from the speculators in our neighboring county towns, and it will bo gross injustice for the interests of many to be .ruled by a few mammon wor shippers. It is not for us to make a compromise aboui the President's last message; we are not fight ing for the annexation of Cuba, nor are we holding up Bleeding Kansas to the view of a sympathising world; the fillibustering of Central America does not interest us; what do we care at present about Walker and his confederates? or the Utah expedition sent out to suppress .polj-gamy among the follow ers of Brigham !Young and Joe Smith's de scendants? The rebellion in India is of mi nor importance. What interests have we in Singapore, Delhi or Lucknow 1 Our canse has nothing to do with them. We are at present engaged in the securing of V ine county. Then, fellow citizens, keep the ball a rolling give it your hearty support and the victory will be yours. Friauds of the cause, fly to the rescue enlist under the banner of right let the flag of justice wave over your heads and don't pause in the work until the flag-staff is planted firmly in the halls of legislation, there to remain until the cry is heralded Tine county is passed the victory is won TVeu build the boulire and shoot the big gun ; Shoot it again ai'd again, till tho country all roars, Telling the people the new county is gained the victory's ours. GOVERNOR PACKERS MESSAGE. The Governor commences without any preface whatever, to give an exhibit of the financial condition of the State, which he is happy to say id highly satisfactory. The re ceipts at the treasury, from all sources for fiscal year, endiug on the OOt'u of November, 1858, were 4,131), 778 35; and the expen ditures, for all purposes, during the same time, were 3775,057 00. Leaving an ex cess of receipts over expenditures of 303- i 921 29. Some of these expenditures, too, were o: an extraordinary nature, including payment of funded and unfunded dc-bt 421 419, payment on public improvements 341- 030. Altogether the balance iu favor of receipts over ordinary expenditures amounts in the aggregate to S1.031.3S2 The extra ordinary receipts were 100,000, paid by Pennsylvania Central on purchase of Main Line, aud 28,000 from Girard Bank, for Commonwealth loans sold by it, leaving the true balance ot tuc ordinary receipts over the orumary cxpences for the fiscal year at 9U3,32 39. The total funded debt at the close of '57 was 39 734,592, unfunded debt 175.145 of the Commonwealth many times its cost, and develope and bring into use the rich re sources cf a country which have hitherto remained as they were lavishly : strewn by the hand of nature. The Governor has an abiding confidence tbat the result will abun dantly prove the wisdom of the measure, which, while it guaranteed the completion of one ot tue greatest improvements ever pro jected in the Commonwealtu, it at the same time divorced the State from the unprofitable and demoralizing management of her rail roads and canals. He thinks it would be a public calamity, if, by the happening of any contingency, the Commonwealth should be constrained to again become the owner, and rename the miuiagement of any portion of the public improyancnta. Abolishment of Canal Department. - . Tho Governor refers to the argument be fore the Supremo Court, to test the constitu tionality of this transfer of the public works, and says, that since the act was sustained by the unanimous judgment of tho Court, there can be no further need of a Board of Canal Commissioners or c Canal Department, aud recommends their abolilion. An Interesting Era. The Governor thinks that in view of this sale and the financial exhibit above, that the State has reached a most interesting era in its history, Helievcd from the entangling em barrassments of an extensive system of in ternal improvements, the means of the State are now ample for all legitimate purposes, and her public debt is gradually but certainly disappearing. From these and other causes, governmental action has become greatly sim plified, and the -nature of the subjects of i ts operation has changed in a degiee no less remarkable Tho almost entire disposal of the lands which belonged to the State, ha3 already dis pensed with one of the Departments created for their care, and will, ultimately, render tho other unnecessary, except for preserving the evidences of their transfer. The sale of the public works has relieved the Executive branch of the Government of many of its most responsible and perplexing duties, -an? in effect, dispensed with one of its most formi dable and difficult departments In the same proportion, the action of the Legislature will, if the representatives of the people be true to the interests reposed, and bternly refuse to ; ill our energies should be calk the soil of our country is susceptible of the highest staU of cultivation, and is not sur- any of the counties among the W e can and hayo raised as much m ri operation. The work is noble, be- cf its justness; glorious, for it is honor -impi.tutit, our interests demand it. It U;tn csprassed in our Congress hall, and it! Sresi it; been sounded in the valley, a the hii!; in fnft fort of tall nines, and "the plantation of waving irrain. until b. u o e"0ine an echo answerinr? back from 'tssncss jf mountains in clarion tones of iwer "l'iue county is a fixed fact. inaecri of our country put the ball in ijc some twentv-one years ago, and it h3 kept uioviug, although obstacles of .iUiuinovablo import nave oeen constaut- ipediDg its progress, but the velocity it tqi:red is euch that it is bound to roll yh, and no opposing power (but He ; rules over the destinies cf all nations,) friiveut it. Some twenty-one years ago, a this country was an almost unbroken acts, with a log cabin here and there, wung the hardy backwoousmaD, his J, trusty dog and never-failing rifle the howling of the wolf aud the ecream panther were familiar sounds there ca.il for a meeting for the purpose of .! into ennmil.-ralinn llirt imniirta.nce of 2 a new conntv. The call was rcsnon- iue old seniors aimotr, 10 a man, ""'X2 tv t!i,'!r vl thn iiitprpv-f in anifpstpd !j i il i i. i contains a good stream of water and : '-e laovemcnt at that early day. reusg agreed by preamble and resolutions "-.je object was worthy of their consider 'JauJ work: but evcrv cnternrize has its ?tiis to overcome, and we find, by tracing "Eatery of the past, that Pine couuty has rather unfortunate. Some of the pro "scf the firs I meeting not pleasing the "r- a oia gentleman at wuose nouse it Vn nrnenrod tli nanprs cnntnininff l . I I o NC wtiutcs and destroyed them. Le suc !8 fiill thcr wns another meeting cal- atij evercfJiinnr n.und nfT in fin stvla .; . J o 1'" - j I; passed by mountains good grain to the acre as some older counties, and for grass and grazing purposes we defy tho world Vou may travelfrom the St. Law rence to the IUo Grande, or from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and you will not find its su perior for water power. Almost every tract of land cascades enough for a mill-seat. Gentlemen, if l'iue county is erected, be fore twenty years roll around she will rank among the first in the State. You may think it a wild dream, or nothing but an imaginary vision of uiiue; but there is within its bounds, as I have showu, that which will make her such; and all we waut or ask for is the chance other counties have, and the most sanguine expectation will be more than real ized. No picture fancy can draw will be over estimated, and it will require an imagi native mind to calculate the increase of popu lation and wealth. Our county, although laboring under countless difficulties and inconveniences, has more cnterprize than many others having ten chances of increase and improvement to our nnc. With me talie a retrospective or our country ten years ago, and what was it ? Nothing but a wilderness, with uere and there a small clearing. A person could travel or inile3 without mceticr an individual or iceinsr a habitation : now there are good farms with all the requisite appurtenauces in almost every direction. Ine ox-drivers shout is mingled with the puffing of the steam online: the plow-boy's '-ce-wo" with the school-boy's merry laugh : the roar of Su3 nuehanna s boilmg flood with toe song and jest of the jolly raftsman; the baying of the hunter s hounds with tue ringing una-taw ; the crack of the teamster's whip with the jin cle of the merry sleigh-bells in fact every thing in this short time has undergone a coui nletetransformation, and when then nothing Knt thfl hootin? of owls and woods prevailed, rmw civilization reigns supreme There has y catno to namiair the new county, -'as'jiue rould have it one thing and some "ALfir. r-t m i .1 ...J , . -- uiii luii'j. iueu cross wuiua cie 2,1 finally blows, such as can only be "J hiTQT.ho wields the shining ax, the .e-euJcd grubbing hoc, and ponderous 4Uo' were passed around. So ended fccuni meeting for Pine county. From ttaie tn tlm .Co.. i i The entire debt being ft39.90G.733. On the first of December last the total debt was j 39,488,213 07. Since the close of the fiscal year, the Commissioners of tho Sinking Fuud have ledecmed of the five per cent, loan the sum of 220,132 51, leaving the real debt of the Commonwealth, at this time, funded and unfunded, 39.203,111 10. To meet this, besides tho ordinary resour ces of public revenue, the State owns bonds received from the sale of the public works, and which the Governor has every reason to believe are well secured, amounting to eleven millions one hundred and eighty-one dollars. Deducting this from the outstanding debt, it leaves to be otherwise provided for, the sum of twenty-eight millions eighty-seven thou- I sand one hundre'd and eleven dollars and six teen cents. It is believed that, with the existing sources of revenue, and the observ- ncc of strict economy, this sum may be reduced, during the current year, at least one million of dollars. Sale of the State Canals. The Governor then proceeds to earnestly recommend economy, husbanding our resour ces, guarding well the public treasury, in order to extinguish at the earliest practical moment the public debt. He then states that, in accordance with an act passed, ho transferred the Public Works to the Sunbury and xutq lioad, on tue l'Jth ot FeDiuarv, 1858. The Sunbury and Erie Company, according to the conditions of the act, paid its bonds, secured by mortgage, and executed and delivered mortgages on the various Canals for 3,000,000. when it entered into posses sion of the property. Sales have been made oy the Company, and reported under oath of its President, as follows . Upper and Lower North Branch Canal, to the North Branch Canal Company, for l,G0O,000; the West Branch and feusquchanna Divisions, to the West Branch aud Susquehanna Canal Com pany, for 500,000; the Delaware Division, to the Delaware Division Canal Company of Pennsylvania, for !, 5,000. In all the sum or gti.cM o.uuu. Prospects of the Sunbury and Erie R. R. From information of a reliable character recently communicated to the Governor by the President of the b. dc Jb. 11. 11. Co., it appears that the prospects of an early com pletion of that great public highway are very encouraging. A large amount of work has been done on the line of the road daring the present season, and at this time very consid erable portions of the road are graded and rapidly approaching completion. It is the entangle the public with those numerous pro jects and enterprises which are continually seeking its alliance, be simplified and econo mized, purified and strengthened. Public Education. . The close and scrutinizing attention of :l:e Legislature is invited to the annual report of the Superintendent of Public Schools, In cluding the city of Philadelphia, there were iu the Public Schools of the State, during the year which terminated on the first Monday of last June, 028,201 pupils; these were in structed during an average term of a little over five months, ia 11,281 schools, by 13 580 teachers, at a total cost of 2,427 G32 41. He thinks the time has arrived when the full impoitnace of public education should be recognized and its due administra tion made the duty of a fully organized and effective as well as a separate department iu t the government. lhe Governor earnestly recommends the organization of a department in the room of those for the care of mere matter whoso agency has been or soon will be discontinued by the Onward and upward pro gress of the Commonwealth, who shall super vise, first, the collection, arrangement, and practical deductions from population and in dustrial statistics ; from natural defects, such as deafness and dnmbness. blindness and lunacy ; from crime in its various forms and developments; together with such control over the literary and 'scientific institutions iu the State, as shall bring their full condition into view: But this alone is not sufficient. The Gov ernor takes up the subject of the education of teachers, and proves that ou their proper qualifications depends the life and success of our Common Schools. Some startling facts are presented. Of the 12,828 teachers of our public soiools, exclusive ofthoM? in Phil adelphia, only 0,087 are reported as "quali fied" for their important trust; while 5,387 are returned as "mediums, or pRch as are only tolerated till better can be obtained, aud that 2,313 are stated to be "unfit. in oth er words of the 509.880 children attending the schools out of Philadelphia, only about 230,050 (less than one-half) are under prop er instructions and training; while about 240 000 are receiving insufficient instruction from inferior teachers, 100,000 are actually in charge of persons wholly unfit for the task. When, however, we look farther into the special statistics of this branch of the system the material for improvement is found to b of the most promising kind. Of the 12,828 teachers of our common schools, 10,S89 are under thirty years of age, and" 10,940 are natives of Pennsylvania, and a large propor tion than in most of the other States are per manently devoted to the profession of tea ching. To render them fit for the position to cient number to establish the efficiency and practability of the plan, to be completed in a few years; the money not to be paid till the schools were in full and approved operation. The Parmer's High School. Says the Governor, is destined to afford a place where young men may be educated at an expense commensurate with their means and to a condition qualifying them for the pursuit of the business of the farm. Here, whilst daily occupation will train the body to the ability to labor, and give to the student the e.iviable feeling that be contrib utes to his own support aud education, it will instruct and enlarge his mind, that 't may give force and effect to all his future efforts. The design cf the institution is to afford a school where boys may bo thoroughly educa ted in all the branches of natural science, and at the same time, be innured to the perfor mance of labor; so that at their graduation they may return to their pareuts abundantly prepared to join tha domestic circle, to give a right direction to the bUMncss oi agricul ture, and act well their part in every depart ment cf life. An object so fraught with use fulness is entitled to the highest commenda lica. The Panics of Pennsylvania. Under the resolution of the last House, appointing a Committee to examine into the condition of several Banks-chartered iu 1857 says the Governor, said committee have hand ed in their report, and a careful inquiry into the affairs of the Tioga City, the Crawford county Banks, and the Bank of "Shamokin" is recommended, aud if it shall be ascertained that the public are likely to fcufi'er injury from them, a repeal of their chartered rights aud their privileges. This power of altering or revoking Bank charters is granted to the General Assembly by the Constitution, but its exercise would require that in the ev-nt of a repe al of a charter of a Bank, care should be taken that the rights of the stock holders to the surplus assets of the bank, af ter payment of its debts, were protected; and that suitable provisions should bo made for settling its affairs. The Govenor proceeds to argue this legislative power, and gives it as his decisive opinion, that whenever it is clear that a bank is insolvent, or in great dan for of becoming so: or whenever its privile ges are so used or abused as to seriously pre judice the interest of the public, it is the duty of the law making power to protect the peo ple, by destroying its corporate existence. Radical change in Banking Laws. The Governor then reiterates the views expressed in his Inaugural, that there should be no iurttcr increase oi bantis or banking capital u'udcr the present system expressing a decided hostility to the issue cf notes of a small denomination, and recommending such a change in our laws relative to banks their organization and management, as would at least secure beyond all question tho prompt redemption of all bills or notes put iti circu lation by the several banking institutions of the State. lie informs the Legislature that ho will not approve any more bank charters nuless there i a radical change in the whole system. It is but just to "state, be urges, that in his opinion a large majority of the Banks of tho ComrjoEwc-alth are veil aud safely managed, aud in a perfectly sound condition; but this is due to the honesty and intelligence of those having chargo of them rather to the efficiency of the laws. Under the management of incapable or dishonest meu; experience has shewn, that there is re ally but little if any security to the public in the regulations aud restrictions now to De found iu our banking code. True wisdom dictates reformation. Stcurity to S'ute Jluldtrs. The note holder of banks have peculiar claims to the protection of the government. They are involuntary creditors, who are forced to receive the notes authori.ed ly the government. They have no direct de.ilings with the banks. They do nut trust the banks from any hope c f gain. They have no profit in passing the notes which tliey would not have had in passing gold and silver coiu. Tlwy constitute almost the entire community, and the humble and ignorant are al ways the greatest sufferers when a bunk ails to redeem its notes. The vIk le people arc 'there fore deeply interested in the .security ot the cir culation all-.wiHl by law, although many of them may never nave hsid a share ot nan stocs, or been within a hundred miles of its place of busi- The Government that authorizes the lue i ii i i i: of a paner curreucy is under a lAn moral obli gation to require ample and available eeccnty for its redemption. His Measures of Reform. The Governor urges that the certificates of lan issued by the Geuerul Government, or by this Commonwealth, at a value to be fired upon, with the power to require additional deposits oi security, trum time to time, as me loans uej.re- ciata iu tho market would be as aie and availa ble as any guarantee which could be provided. A law requiring all issues ot Dan.s nereaiur or ganized, to be secured by the pledge of these loans, would enhance the value of the present loans, and thus give- the holders a premium not contemplated when they became purchasers, and f,jr which they never gave any valuable consider ation. .... The new loan thus authorized, redeemable at tho expiration of twenty years, with the banking would unuouoieuiy The duty of securing tho community from losses continually arisir.g from unsafe currency, cannot Lc longer drlaytd without a manifest disregard of the public interests. The subject is therefore commended to your early attention. Miscellaneous. The Governor reiers to the report of the 'Mex ico Monument' Committe; states that they can not build for less than $30,000: that they hava not sufficient funt!.'., and await further legislation. The Militia Law of 1S53 has not been fully tested, but it is Ul: ved to b? , ia the main, an improvement on the laws in force at" the time Of its passage. One c f its best features, and ' one that should le strictly cnfvrced, is that of tha system of self-supporting. In no contingmcy should that department le a charge upon the public Treasury in t'ir.e of peace. The Governor mires a cLaue in the mode of keeping and dii-birii;g the public monies. After showing the defects of the present system. Le re conuvends that provision be made by law that no money thall be deport!' in any Bank by ti e Stale Treasurer without requiring security to bo first given to the G liir.jov.wealth for the iepay' ment of the sums lrposited that all checks is sued by the h'tatc Treasurer fchatl le counter signed by the Attorney General before they are used, r.nd that daily accounts os the moneys re ceive'! and paid shall be kept in the office of the Auditor G'.neral as well as iu the Treasury De partment. The Commissioners appointed to revise the criminal code of this Commonwealth, are pro gressing with the duliesof their appointment, and will report the revised code before the ad journment of the Xegislalure. The various chair able aud reformatcry in titutions, which have heretofore received pe cuniary assistance from the State, such as the State Lunatic Hospital, at llarrisburq; the Western Pennsylvania Hospital, at Pittsburg; the House of llefuge, at Philadelphia and Pittsburg; the Pennsylvania Training School for idiotic and feeble-minded children; tha Asylums for tho Blind and Deaf and Dumb, at Philadelphia, the Northern Home for Friendless children at Philadelphia are rec omended to fostering aid and care, but he can not recommend charitable associations cf a purely loC'-l -character, no matter how useful they maybe. Opinions on National Measures. The Govenor then proseeds from State tD National measures. He demonstrates the nccssity of a change in the tariff, and advo cates au increase of duties ou iron, and eudorsiug in full thereon the views of the 1 res;dei.t in h a last message The Govenor then reviews the Kansas ag itation. His opinions are sound, and anti administration; but as Govenor's opioions on these subjects are of no particular interest or importance, we dismiss this portiom of tba message by a me re mention of the fact that he opposes the Lcecmpton Constitution, and stands committed to the doctrine of populai sovereignty in the broadest sense. The Gov enor then pioceeds to give a hit at Seward, for his heretical theory that all States must become either free or slave, and says it should "meet with au indignant rebuke," &c. The Govenor congratulates the people that by various amendments to the Constitu tion, gubernatorial, patronage baa been trans ferred to them, but he states that the Execu tive is not now so able to maintain the rights of the State against federal or other encroach ments, and goesiu for Stale rights as the doo trine of true liberty. The Govenor c!o?cs by congratulating Legislature on present favorable auspices, aud thus perorates: Few important subjects of Legislation press upon your attention. Prudei.cc, firmness, fidelity a waU-bfnl re gard for the interests of the Commouweatth a jealous guardiauship of her finances on the part of the government ar all that are required, under Providence, to ensure the continuance and increase cf our onward prosperity. Pennsylvania u-ay then, at no remote period, rejoice in the extinguishment of her public debt the repeal of her cnerCua and burdensome taxes a lame and a credit untarnished a free and popular educational system and an industrious and loyal people, prosperous and happy. WILLIAM F. PACKER: Executive Ciiambeb, 1 Harrisburg, Jan. 4tb, 1859. j Historical tacts worth PcrEervicg1. The Saxons first introduced archery in time of Ycltigeur. It was dropped immeadiatly after the conquest, but revived by the Crusa ders, they having felt the effects cf it from the Parthians. Bows and arrows, as weapons of war, were in use with stone cannon balls es late as 1610. It isgular that all eta, tues for the encouragement of archery were framed after the invention of gunpowder and firearms. Yew trees were encouraged inthe churchyards for making of bowe, in 1742 lleuco thtir generality in church-yards at the preseut time. Coats of arms came iu voguo in the reign of Richard the 1st., of England, and became hereditary in families ia the year lias. They took their rise from the knighte pain- never, in the annals of time, been a country hnvinrr thfi same obstacles to snrmount, im proved as ours, and if we could but gain the opinion of the President of the Company funntr AflvantavGa we are deserving of, the that, within two years, the work will be enr rapid strides we would make towards ira- tirely finished, so that cars will be running alth cannot be realized by directly from the city of Philadelphia to the any common mind. Where now a man has harbor of Erie. Wfcen finished, the payment b;a hundred, wr would nnant his thousands : of the three millions and a half of mortgage every Btick of timber would fetch its full val- bonds, which the SUte has received in ex n,l instflnd ftf wearinrr out soul and bodv change for the canals, will unquestionably be iUie to tho oreaent thpro ha hprn mnrn I romnvinir the wood off the erounds. iu the well secured whilst the railroad itself will , exertion given to tho cause. Time, j manner we now do, a full recompense for it prove of incalculable advantage to our great i ana ruoncv hv Wn thrnwn 5nin th -.m.u h rooivAil . and the nronapda would commercial emporium, as wen as 10 me lm I 1A1A " ' . . 1 1. . 1 1.1 .1 1 .. . . 1 1.11 tf.l wuien they aspire unaoumeuiy one oi iue privilege attached to ttiem, would undoubted! most useful and honorable in the world and K'.i at a hinh rrteniiuni. The proceeds of thei to raise up a constant supply of well qualified j Siiie should be applied to the payment of the ing their buaners with different figures, to i-t nzaish thiru iu ta CraL'S The standing army of modern times was eitablished by Charles the VII. of France, in 1455. Previous to that time the king had depended on his nobles for ccotingeota m the time of war. A landing roy was first established in England m loas. ay urB 1st., but it was decided illegal. " " successors, is tno wors to ne uono Of all the modes for effecting the education of teachers proposed Gov. Packer prefers that devised by the Act of May 20, 1858, entitled "an Act to provide for the due training of teachers for the common schools ot the state It places, in relation to the State, the tea- present State debt, now overdue, amounting to more than seventeen millions of dollars. Under this system the State loans would no longer be held by foreigners, and the semi-annual shipment . " . i .1 C , of specie, to pay interest, wouia inereiore iex. As the currency wo'd be limited "to the amount actually secured, the danger from expansion, which have heretoiore stimunweu ine iui-iiuui i cher on the same footing witn tue memDers embark ia ruinous enterpnzes, m uvtiiM iiub. of professions as have been recognized by and in extravagance in their expenditures, would public authority and he recommends the be greatly lessened nmXl-& r -i l-j 1 1.111 tVi Kpmrities would be in the hands ot a Lign State to afford, such aid, or at least hold out the . Sta. -th ailtWi. ".i'ir ua m a &ai? i r 10 uo accout)t- vien- li:sQ' v'ttouSu we kaTC faile1 '8aiQ ani ' bn thought k Til vithia our go to improving aud enriching, where it now impoverishes. It is uselc&a for me to dwell upon the fart for it muet he tident to eTe- portant but long neglected region through wnicu ii passes, its construction wm un doubtedly aid to tbs ttAvn of the retl artat such inducements as shall enable thi3 nieas ure to b fairly tested? The passage of a law guaranteeing tho pay rnent of a moderate sum to Teacher's School in etch of the twelre districts created by the M of 1857. weald, he thinks. eue a nffl nonsibl ty to sell them for the purpose of redeeming the tin nower of the banks to arrest tpecie payments at their own pleasure would be ... ,.,1 Th cvKtem rroioed ia as near an apt-roach' to a ?reie basia as the condition and habit of the people i prtwui r'T-"" - organizaiiou oi , i - firtt pern.aner.t military band instituW in Etiffland. was the yeomen of the Guards, es- 4okfiaVii in 148G- iauiuiiv' Guds were inyeutcd ty bwartz, a uerrr.au about the yer 1378. and were brought into ue by the Veaitiacs. in 1382. Caaaon were invented at an acterir, date. Th.y wcr first ued at the battle of C.aj. 1P45 In Enelaed thsy were fiir- ud at the eirge of Berwick, in 1405. It was not until 1544, hweTer. that they were cast Enadand, They were used on board of ships by the VeniMao, in 1795, and were iB u?a aiKong the Turks about the same time. An artillery cowpany wss instituted ia gland for weekly eerci ia ItHO. 1 i V T n o 13 O C
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers