life . IflHHw otttoti I . -5"--f ft r - -h-iTiT i im r ,. , . . ., . in-M,ii,r, mmi - - - , ' M ' -, - . - ... f ". - . . , The whole art of Government consists in the art op being honest. Jefferson. - ... . i .,, .... ' "' ' ' " "-..-!. . . . . ' 111 - it i ; ; - 1 1 i. ,"'' '.'' 11 ' "" ' "" . ' . i" i ydh. 10. STROUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, JULY 18, L850. ' No. 4i Published by Theodore Schoch. TERMS Two dollars per annum in advance Two dollars and a quarter, half yearlyand if not paid before the end of tiie vear. Two dollars and a half. Thosn who receive their at the option of the Editor. i paper arrearages i , except (sixteen lines! will be inserted three weeks for one dolls and twenty-five cents for every subsequent insertion. Th" charge for one and ' three insertions the same. A liberal discount made to yearly "adrertiscts. IEPAll letters addressee, to the Etnr must be post-paid. JOB PK$TIIVr. .Having a general assortment of large, elegant, plain and orna- menial Type, we arc prepared to execute every i description of Cards, Circulars, Bill Heads,. Notes " Blank Receipts, JUSTICES, LEGAL AND OTHER PAMPHLETS, &c. A. Printed witli neatness and despatch, on reasonable terms AT THE OFFICE OF THE Jefcrsonian Republican. INVITATION To the National School Convention. The accompanying address has been written by the Hon. Horace Mann, preparatory to a meeting of a Convention of the Friends of Education. The address and its object recommend themselves strongly to the attention of all the Friends of Ed ucation in the country, and as one of them we have taken th liberty of sending the address to you with a request that you would give it an in sertion in your columns. Reports upon the following topics it is expect ed will be made by Comraiteesappointed at the last meeting of the Convention. I. Territorial or civil subdivisions of the state involving the extent to which the District System should be carried, aud the modifications of which the same is susceptible. 2. School Architectdre including the loca tion, size, modes of ventilation, warming and seat ing, &c, of buildings intended for educational pur poses. 3. School attendance including the school age of children, and the best modes of securing the regular and punctual attendance of children at school. 4. Grades of schools the number and char acter of each grade. 5. Course of instruction Physical, Intellect al, Moral and Religious, Esthetical, Industrial. Studies Books, Apparatus, Methods. 6. Teachers Their Qualifications their Ex amination and Compensation Normal Schools, Teachers' Institutes, Books on the Theory and Practice of Teaching. 7. Support Tax on Property, Tax on Pa rents, School Fund. 8. Supervision Stale, County, Town. 9. Parental and public interest. 10. Supplementary means Library, Lyceum, "Lectures. JOSEPH COWPERTHWA1T, GEORGE EMLEN, Jr., P. P. MORRIS, A. E. WRIGHT, A. T. W. WRIGHT, Committee of Arrangements, '-'At a National Convention of the Friends of Ed ucation, held at Philadelphia, on the 17th, 18th arid 19th of Octobelast, the following Resolutions were unanimously abopted: " First. That this Convention will meet in the J City of Philadelphia, on the Fourth Wednesday in August, A. D. 1850. ' " Second. That in the judgment of this Con vention, the Friends of Education in all its de partments ought to be enlisted in its deliberations, and that in issuing notices, or an address for the next -annual meeting, the invitation should be so framed as to comprehend both those interested in Common Schools, and those connected with Col leges, Academies and other institutions " Third. That the President ol this Uonvention j be requested to prepare, on this principle, a short j - . . . . f address to be published by tne Committee at least . three months before the next meeting, urging the "attendance of the Friends of Education throughout the country." The time having arrived, at which the duty pre scribed in the foregoing Resolutions must be per formed, the subscriber respectfully presents him self before the public, and solicits, for a lew mo ments, the favor of their attention. . Although the Convention from which the fore going Resolutions emanated was composed of the Friends o Common Schools, yet it is expressly required that "the invitation be o framed as to comprehend both "those interested in Common Schools, and those connected with Colleges, Acad- emies ana otner nisiiiuuuuo This comnrphfinsive invitation was liberal and wise. It proposes to unite all Teachers.of youth in one co-operative effort. The different periods -and degrees of education so meet and flow into each other, that they are hardly susceptible of be ing even theoretically separated. From the first form in the Primary School to the higest class in the University, there is a perfect continuity of pro gress. No brek, no chasm, no change of identi ty, interrupts the course. The succeeding grows from the preceding, as the oak of a hundred years has grown from the germ that cleft the a corn ; or as the bird that soars undazzled towards the .meridian sun, has grown from the .eaglet just chipping its shell. Hence, the President of a Coir lege and the Teacher of a Prirtary School, though standing far apart, stand in the most intimate re lation to each other. Without the labors of the latter, the former would have no material -on which his processes could be performed; aud .with- papers oy a earner or stage drivers employed by the piupue tor. will be charced 37 1-2 cents, ner vear. extra. . No papers discontinued until all arrearaoes are paid. 3 h- out the former, the works of the latter would re main crude and incomplete. They are engaged on different parts of but a single work, and there is the same common interest between then' as be tween the sower of the seed and the gatherer of the harvest. Heretofore, there has often been something, at least of indifference, if not of alienation and re pulsion, between those who preside over the com mencement of education and those who superin tended its close. It is time they should see that their interests are not adverse, but identical; nay, that when pursued in harmony, they are cumula tively beneficent. These parties may create some benefits when acting separately; but when co-operating, they multiply those benefits by a high moral power. The child, whose mind was well developed in the school-room, not only shoots a head, but speeds farther and farther ahead of all that he could have been without such early devel opment. His advancement is lepresented by a kind of compound as well as geometrical series, made up by multiplying time into velocity. When, in his turn, such a child becomes a parent, he sends better prepared children to the school-room. And out of a larger oumber of minds, awakened in their youth, and made self-conscious of the ex istence of their faculties and of the glowing de- ! light of their exercise, all the colleges are sure to lengthen.their catalogues; for a child whose mind ( has been fired by a love of knowledge cannot be j kept back from those deeper fountains where his thirst can be slaked. The college draws him ir resistible, and he will break through every bar rier, poverty, discouragement, toil, sickness, all but the " unconquerable bar" of death itself, to reach and enjoy it. The colleges will not only lengthen their catalogues, but illuminate them with brighter names. And a community so trained and advanced, will look back with filial piety to the institutions where their honorable career be gan, and will love to cherish, honor and elevate them, and all who labor in them. Such action and re-action cannot fail to lift up the race. It is, therefore, most earnestly hoped that all grades of teachers, from the earliest to latest, will attest their interest in their sacred profession, and their regard for each other, by their presence at the pro posed Convention. A. few considerations will serve to show that there never has been a period in the history of man, when Universal Education was so impera tive a duty as at theiresent moment. I mean ed ucation in its most comprehensive and philosophic sense, as including the education of the body, the education of the mind, and the education of the heart. In regard to the first topic, it is well known that physical quantities are hereditary. Disease and weakness descend from parent to offspring, by a law of nature, as names descend by a law custom. God still ordains that the bodilv iniquities of the fathers shall be visited upon the children unto the j because they act upon it in the ductile and im ... , e , . 7, , , , , pressible slate of childhood and adolescence, and third and fourth generation. When we look back-; , . , , , u, ,ait ward and see how the number of our ancestors is doubled at each remove in the ascending scale, it affrights us to reflect how many confluent streams from vicious fountains may have been poured into the physical system of a single individual. Where, for many generations, this horrid entailment of maladies has not been broken by a single obe- dient and virtuous life, who can conceive of the animal debasements and depravities that may cen tre in a single person. At every descent, the worst may become more worse ; and the posible series of deterioration is infinite. Before the hu man race, or any part of it, becomes more dis eased, or physically more vile, is it not time to ar rest and restore ? This can only be done through education, or through miracles ; and it would re quire more than three hundred and sixty-five mir acles each year, to preserve health and strength under our present vicious social habits. Those who do not expect the intervention of miracles are false to their families, to the community and n .. r i n. !. r to Vjoa, n tney ao not urge lurwaiu uc wuin u Physical Education as the only means of rescu- mg trie race irom an innimy oi sicKnesses, weaK nesses and pains. Public Schools are the only in strumentality for inculcating upon the communi ty at large a lmowledge of the great laws of Health -and Life. There never was such a necessity of imparting power to the human intellect, and of replenishing it with knowledge, as at the present time ; and in no country is this necessity so imperative as in our own. The common affairs of life require a hundred times more knowledge now than they did a century ago. New forms and kinds of business, too, are daily emerging into practice, which must tie conducted with intelligence and skill, or they will ruin their conductors. How much more knowledge and art are requisite to make a cotton or woollen factory, with all its nice and numerous appendages, than to make a spinning-wheel or a than to drive a team o,n a highway ; to build and navigate a steamship, than to sail a vessel; to make a chronometer, than a dial or an hour-glass; to manage a telegraph, than to send a courier ; to make a power-press that shall strike off ten thou sand copies in an hour, or a telescope that shall lay open, the structure ,ol the universe, than to co py manuscripts or profess astrology. The pro foundest sciences are working their way into the eyery-day business of life, and tarrying power arid beauty and multiplication of products, wherever they go, and whosoever cannot seize upon the ben efits Which they confer, will be left in poverty, misery and contempt. - Not only in all the departments of business .re thereevcry where more life, energy and compass; but the masses of the people are investing them- selves, or are becoming invested with new social and political prerogative. The freeman who may go where he pleases and select whatever occupa tion he pleases, needs vastly more judgement and intelligence than the subject of a despotism who is born into some niche of labor, and must stay where he is born. The citizen who manages not only his own personal affairs, but those of his municip ality; who governs himse in all his political re lations through representatives chosen by himself; whose vote may determine not only who shall be rulers, but what measures of national or inter-national policy shall be established or annulled ; on whose will peace or war, national honor or na tional infamy may depend ; sui a citizen, in capacity, in knowledge, and in wisdom, should be as a god, in comparison with a Russian serf or a Hindoo pariah. At this time, then, I say, there is vastly more for trie mind of man to do and to un derstand than there.,ever was before ; and, there fore, that mind musH'be proportionately strength ened and illumined. There never was a time-when the moral nature of man needed cultuie and purification more than it needs them at the present hour. What we call civilization and progiess, have increased tempta tions a thousand fold ; in this country, ten thou sand fold. The race for wealth, luxury, ambition and pride, is open to all. With our multiplied privileges, have come not only multiplied obliga tions, which we may contemn, but multiplied dan gers into which we may fall. Where oppression and despotism reign; all the nobler faculties of man are dwarfed, stunted, and shorn of their power. But oppression and despotism dwarf, aud stunt, and despoil of their power, all the evil passions of men, not less .than their nobler impulses. In this country, all that is base and depraved in the hu man heart has such full liberty and wide compass, and hot stimulus of action, as have never been known before. Wickedness, not less than vir ture ; diabolism, not less than utilitarianism, has its steam engines, and its power presses, and its lightning telegraphs. Those exteral restraints of blind reverence for authority, and superstitious dread of religious guides, and fiery penal codes, which once repressed the passions of men and paralyzed all energy, are now lifted off. If inter nal and moral restraints be not substituted for the external and arbitrary ones that are removed, the people, instead of being conquerors and sovereigns over their passions, will be their victims and their slaves. Even the clearest revelations from Heav en, and the -sanctifying influences of God, unless vouchsafed to us so daily and momently as to su persede all volition and conscience of ours, would not preclude a virtuous training as an indispensa ble pre-requisite to a happy and honorable life. He takes bu.t a limited view of the influences and the efficacy of Christian ethics who does not strive to incorporate and mould them into the habits and sentiments of youth; who, as fast as the juvenile mind opens to the perception of wonder, of beauty, and of truth, has not an exhaustless store of mor al wonders and beauties and truths ready for trans fusion into it. By force of these weighty considerations, which pertain to the whole circle of human interests, individual and social, mortal and immortal, I am instructed to entreat those most effective guides and reformers of mankind, those guides and re- . formers who act most efficiently upon the race, who can act also upon the largest numbers as well as with the greatest power, to assemble at the time and place specified in the first of the resolu tions, to deliberate upon the great interests of ed ucation, to increase the intensity of its action, to enlaroe the comoass of its beneficence, and to cheer and stimulate each other in the discharge of ; their respective duties. If each shall bring, though it be but a taper's light, their united rays will pour a flood of illumination upon the whole path of du ty. If each shall inspire the others, though it be with but one flash of enthusiasm, their union shall become as it were tongues of flame, uttering proph ecies and hymns of gladness. If each shall im part to his brethern, though it be but a feeble im pulse, their combined force will endue every arm with a vigor and every heart with a resolution un known before; so that each shall return to his own sphere of duty, to work no longer in a lonely field and by his.own solitary strength, but with an en ergy borrowed from a thousand arms, and with a living consciousness that all good men and angels and our Father in Heaven are co-workers with him for the improvement of mankind. HORACE MANN, President of the late National Convention of the Friends of Education. , Washington, May 18th, 1850. RIVALS IN WIT. A speaker who under stands himself, will give his audience occa sioually an item of Wit. It gives the mind a necessary stimulus, and belter attention will bo give to what he has to say." The Irish nation in their palmy days, before they knew of sla very and oppression, were a remarkably witty people and U is not extinguished yet. They even carried it to the inscription upon their own tombstones. One man thought he would be more witty than the rest, and had this put on : "Here I lie As snug As a bug . In a rug." Another Irishman saw it, and thought he would Beat that so he ordered ihe: following for the head stone of his grave : 'Here I lie Snugger Than that t'other bugger."7 Carniverous. In the town of Penfield, New York, a few days since, a woman left her child in the house alone, sleeping in the cradle, while she went for a pail'of water. When she returned, she. discovered, to her horror, that a sow had en tered the house and taken the babe in its mouth and carried-it some distance. She irh medtately Tan to the rescue ofher child, but it was not until she had beaten the pail to pieces over the ferocious animal's head, and after wards wounded it severely with an axe, that it released the infanj, and evep then the sow attempted to secure us prey again, medium was considerably injured, but ia likely to recover. Peter Fl Iain's ILitck. BY FALCONBRIDGE. j In that beautiful, quiet city of paralled streets, sweet butler and sweet women Philadelphia there once did live a certain native of the Emerald Isle, called Peter Flinn. His voca tion was a most honorable one, because of its usefulness to the commercial world driving a dray. Peter owned a very ancient and nowise spry horse, and equally unstable dray, by means whereof he essayed, and by dint of great phy sical exertion, in succeeded, obtaining for his large and growing family a tolerable living. Stephen Girard lived and carried on his im mesne mercantile transactions at the time of which I write, and was a principal performer in my little story. The one eyed little French man, the great pet of dame Fortune was not a man of very wonderful developments of heart and sojI, or sympathy in the misfortunes, cros ses or losses of his fellow beings ; but now and then he was known, more throngh eccentricity than aught else, to perform some very credita ble and really magnificent acts of kindness and generosity towards those falling in his way. One day said he to Peter Flinn, whom he had oft, and for a long time, employed upon the wharves in hauling goods from his largo ships to his warehouses 11 Pe-tair, I believe you havo worked vairy hard." " Yis sir, and bo my sowl, I have," respon ded Peter. " Very long time ; you no save anything ?" 6aid the banker, the merchant prince, the mil lionare! " Be my conscience, Misthur Ge-rad, it's not a ha'puth I save at all ; the divil hisself might dance his hornpipes in my bockets of a Afonday morning, without disturbing a toe-nail of his fut again' the silver that's there." " Two, three, five, seven of de children home, eh ?" " Faix, and its yerself that's guessed it ex actly, Misthur Ge-iad ; I have seven as brave boys and gals as iter ye clapped an eye upon sir." " Ah, yes, I see, I see ; vairy well, Petair, you shall have von chance presently, by and by, directly, to do something battaire zan drive de old horse and "dray." " Faix, Misthur Ge-rad, it's myself that's a saying it as should not be saying it, p'raps, but it's Few men labor harder nor longr, for the meat, bread, praties and hay that we ate, than meself and Barney the old hoss thero ; and be me conscience, it would be a godsend that would put us both, myself, and the poor ould baste there, over all our ills and miseries," said the drayman. " Ah, ah ! vairy veil Petair, you come into my countiug-house by-and-by," and the little old Frnchman, with his hands locked behind him, stalked off to his counftng-house, leaving ihe poor drayman considerably mystified as to what ihe result of this conference was to be. " Be dad,', says Peter to himself, "may be it's the old feler's whim to set me up in a shop! or be gorry, buy me a new dray and horse. O, be me conscience, there's no telling what the ould jintleman will do when he takes the turn ;" and thus soliloquising, after a respectful delay, Peter presented himself at the door of the mil lionaire's counting-room, and doffing his hat, in he walked. 41 Petair," said ihe merchant prince "ze big Canton packet ship ilozart lay down at my wharf." " Yis sir." " She havo one grand cargo of tea," contin ued the banker. " Faix, she have," said Peter. " To-morrow, Petair, ze whole cargo be put under de hammaire, to be sold to ze highest bidder. "Yis," Peter replies, still deeper in mystery as to what or how that could interest or con cern him. Yairy Veil, Petair," continued the banker, "to morrow morning when ze sale begin, be you dar; ze tea be put up two or three lots, one of ze merchants begin to bid, den you bid the next " Me ! 0, be goria, save your prisince, ilfis- thur Ge-rad, would it bo for the like of Pether Flinn to be among the merchants, and bidding for a cargo of tea ? It's mad entirely they'd say I was." " Nevair mind you bid on ze tea when ze tea knocked down you take ze whole, zen you come to me, I fix' em. Good morning, Petair." And stumbling and awkward with aston ishment, Peter got out and the rest of the day he went about muttering over to himself the en tire strange and bewilrdering -part which he had to enact on the morrow, at the grand tea sale. Next day, the merchants of the Quaker city assembled on one of Girard's quays, where the huge pile of chests of tea were ready for the auctioneer's hammer and the bids of the mer chants. It was a consignee's sale cash was to be raised in short metre, and the whole cargo was put up in three separate lots, half cash and balance at four months, with approved endorse ments. " Now. gentlemen," said the auctioneer, o- pening the sale, "we put Up eight hundred chests of young hyson tea--what do I hear for this hyson lea warranted all through as sample or no sale ? How much do I hear i Start it gentlemen we shall not dwell long on this tea; Forty cents a pound I hear bid ! only forty ceiita a pound forty, forty, forty, forty cents a pound only is bid ; two and a half did I hear ?" " Yes, forty two and a half I bid," said Pe ter Flinn, in a tone of voice I hat: fairly 'startled some of the 'merchants. The auctioneer paus. eu. a You bid, sir ?" ' ' ' Yis, it's me ; go ahead." " Wc are not selling a pound or a box, but 800 chests !" " Be dad, and sure I know that sir ; go on with it." The merchants snickered, and the auction eer grinned ; no more bids were made, anSflown come the tea, 800 chests. " The name, sir !" " Peter Flinn." 4 ; f " Where is your house, Flinml' Ms " Me house I" " ,4 " Yes, your place of business." -" Mo house and faith I have no house : its two rooms and. a cellar I have in wather-atreei, and me place of business is round here on the wharf." " Your endorser's name, if you please 1" " Stephen Ge-rad, sir !" This dubious declaration produced another stretch of the phizzes of the merchants, and the auctioneer in great doubt put up another lot ot five hundred chests. Down it went to Peter Flinn ! And so likewise went the third. When the sale was concluded, the merchants glided off, believing the auctioneer was certainly a "sold" man. But on presenting the bills and notes of Peter Flinn at the desk of Stephen Girad, the old follow cashed them on sight. The sales came to nearly $100,000 ; the tea was much wanted in the market, and Peter got rare bargains, and before noon next day, re ceived $15-000 bonus for his bid on the cargo of tea. The cargo was soon transferred, Girard in demnified and the poor drayman found himself with a tnug little fortune in his fob. A curious Fact. The crocodile, in feeding on the bank of the Nile, or basking in the sun, is very much an noyed by what Heroditus calls bdclla. The in- side of his mouth is lined with them. All birds, one alone excepted, fly from the crocodile ; but that bird, the trochilos, on the contrary, flies to him with eagerness, and renders him a great service ; for every time that the crocodile lands to rest himself, and streches himself out with o pen jaws, the trochilos enters his month, which it clearer of the bdella it finds there. The croc odile is grateful, and never does any injury to this little bird, from which he receives so good an office. This was until recently discredited as a ficton of Aristotle and Pliny, but recent in quiries establish the fact. The term bdella does not signify a leech, as was supposed, but a kind of gnat, myriads of which insects swarm on the banks of the Nile. These insects strike their trunks into the orifices which abound in the mouth of the crocodile and the tongue of the crocodile being immoveable, he cannot get rid of them. It is then that the trochilos, a kind of little ring plover, which pursues the gnats, every where, hastens to his relief and dislodges his troublesome enemies ; and that, without any danger to itself; tho crocodile always taking care when he is about to shut his mouth, to mske certain movements which warns the bird to fly away. A little fellow was questioned by his mother last Sunday from the catechism. Among other questions she asked ; "Who was cast into the fiery furnace V With much promptness he replid, "Dr. Parkman." lioco-foco Summersets. An exchange paper thinks a sprinkling of Locofoco editors and orators would bo invalua ble to a circus company. They can turn sum mersets backwards and forwards better than any of the performers who usually solicit the patronage of the community. What great protectionists they were in 1844! Just to remember their newspapers ! How they came out in favor of the Tariff! "We passed it," said they, "and we sustain it." Well, the people believed them and voted for Polk, and tho first thing the party did was to give us the Tariffof 1846, (the one the British Ambassador likes so well,) and now they denounce protec tion with all their might. After such trickeiy and falsehood how can the people trust them longer. ? Question for "Exercise. A certain rich man had 100 orchards, in each orchard 100 apple trees, under each an- 4ft. pie tree 100 hog pens ! Now in each hog pen were 100 sows, while each sow had 100 piga. Question how many sow pies among, them. and what did thev all weigh, supposing tho m i7 a w price of pork to bo $14 a barrel? Talk about enigmas! Chaw on that. Some men havo very inquisitive minds. For instance, a fellow who had noihing else to do the other day, rang a door bell in Arch street, .Philadelphia, and when the servant girl made her appearance, asked her "where her mistress got that new bonnet she worn, as he wished to buy his wife one just like it." A Great Day's Work, We learn that more than twenty four thousand persons visited the American Museum on- the Fourth. The receipts amounted to four thousand-eight hundred and twenty -seven dollars, being the largest sum ever taken in one day. A queer remark was made by sn urchin of fire years, who had lost a sister by death, to a neighbor who was attending the funeral. 'What are you crying for!' said the little fellow io the latter, who was wheeping, it's none of your juneralV 'Ma that nice young man, Mr. Sauftunf 1 very fond ofkissing. Mihd your sewing, Ju lia; who told you such nonsense!' 'Ma, I had it irom his own lips.' The Young Men's Debating Society1 of Troy are now "chawing" on the following question; "Of what kind of tilnber is the NorU ?ola composed!"
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers