JEF1 ERSOMaN KKl'uiiLlUAN their industry and enterprise, are raised topf separating powers to be exercised by to the possession of weahh, that is the tlfe.citizens of one Stale from those of ah one. If there is one measure better cal- other, seem to be so distinctly drawn as culated than another to produce that state to leave no room for misunderstanding, of things so much deprecated by all true The citizens of each State unite in their republicans, by which the rich are daily persons all the privileges which that char adding to their hoards, and poor sinking acter confers, and all that they may claim deeper into penary, it is an exclusive me- as citizens of the United Stales; but in talic currency. Or if there is a process no case can the same person, at the same by which the character of the country for time, act as the citizen of two separate generosity and nobleness of feeling may be States, and he is therefore positively pre destroyed by the great increase and ne- eluded from any interference with the re cessary toleration of usury, it is an ex- served powers of any Stale but that of elusive metallic currency. which he is, for the lime being, a citizen. Amongst Hip other duties of a delicate He may indeed offer to the citizens of character which the President is called other slates his advice as to their manage upon to perform, is the supervision of the menl, and the form in which it is lender government of the Territories of the Uni- ed is left to his own discretion and sense ted Stales. Those of them which are of propriety. destined to become members of our great It may he observed, however, that or political family are compensated, by their ganized associations of citizens, requiring rapid progress from infancy to manhood, compliance with their wishes, too much for the partial and temporary deprivation resembles the recommendations of Athens of their political rights. It is m this JJis- to her ames supported by an armed and trict only where American citizens are to powerful fleet. It was, indeed, to the am be found, who, under a settled system of bition of the leading States of Greece, to policy, are deprived of many important control the domestic concerns of the oth poiitical privileges, without any inspiring ers, that the destruction of that celebrated hope as to the future. Their only conso- confederacy, and subsequently of all its lalion, under circumstances of such de- members, is mainly to be attributed. And privation, is that of the devoted exterior it is owing to the absence of that spirit guards of a camp that their sufferings that the Helvetic confederacy has for ma secure tranquility and safety within. Are ny years been preserved. Never has there there any of Iheir countrymen who would been in the institutions of the separate ties to be Ihe ruling passion of our soulsj the honour of the nation tarnished, liy any the weaker feelings of the mistaken en- admission on the part of their Chief Ma- tnusiasi win be corrected, the Utopian gistrate, unworthy ol their former glory. oreams oi me scheming politician dissipa- in our intercourse win our aboriginal ted, and the complicated intrigues of the neighbors, the same liberality and justice demoguge rendered harmless. The,spirit which marked the course prescribed to of liberty is the sovereign balm for every me by two of my illustrious predecessors, injury which our institutions may receive, when acting under their direction in the On the contrary, no care that can be used discharge of the duties of Superintendent in the construction of our Government; and Commissioner, shall be strictly ob- no division of powers, no distribution of served. I can conceive of no more snb- cnecks in its several departments, will Mime spectacle none more likely to pro prove eiieciual to keep us a tree reople, piualc an impartial and common Creator if this spirit is suffered to decay; and de- : than a rigid adherence to the principles cay it will without constant nurture. To of justice, on the part of a powerful na the neglect of this duty, the best bistort- tion, in its transactions with a weaker and ans agree in attributing the ruin of all the uncivilized people, whom circumstances Republics with whose existence and fall have placed at its disposal, their writings have made us acquainted. Before concluding, fellow citizens, I The same causes will ever produce the must siy something to you on the subject same effects; and as long as the love of of (he parlies at this time existing in our power is a dominant passion of the human country. To me it appears perfectly clear bosom, and as long as the understanding that the interest of that country requires of men can be warped and their affee- that Ihe violence of the spirit by which lions changed, by operations upon their those parties are at this time governed, passions and prejudices, so long will the must he greatly mitigated, if not entirely Liberties of a people depend on their own extinguished, or consequences will ensue constant attention to its preservation. The which are appalling to be thought of. danger to all well-established free Gov- If parties in a Republic are necessary ernments arises from the unwillingness of to secure "a degree, of vigilance sufficient the people to believe in its existence, or to keep the public functionaries within from the influence of designing men, di- the bounds of law and duty, at that point verting their attention from the quarter their usefulness ends: beyond that, they whence it approaches, to a source from become destructive of public virtue, the With-lhat hlth Office to which fhn i-nnfftn'l?. ty of my countrymen has called me, I noW take an affecdonate Ipavc of you. You will bear with you to y0ur ;homes the re membrance of the phdge f have this day given, to discharge all the high duties of my exalted station arcordinglo the B$t of my ability; au&I shall enler iiptiif LhW performance with entire confidence in the 4 suppoi l of a just and generous people. Washington, March 4, )S41. ' i JEFFERSONIAN REPUBLIC S2ra4sburt, 'Pa. fflarcfe 1&, fg&i.-. Terms, 5,00 in advance ; $2.25, naif vedr : and $ so if mi, wud befae ibe end of' the year. ' sesst: subject them to greater sacrifices, to any members of any confederacy more ele- which it can never come, this is the old parent of a spirit antagonist to that of other Humiliation man tnose eenuaiiy ments ot discord. In the principles and I trick of those who would' usurp the gov- liberty, and eventually its inevitable con ncccssary to the security of the object for forms of government and religion, as well eminent of their country. In the name queroV. We have examples of Republic wnicii uiu) wcie uiubscjjHramu irou: meir as in uie circumstances . ot the several ot Uemocracv they speak wai He fellow citizens ? Are their rights alone not to be guaranteed by the application of those great principles upon which ali our constitutions are founded 1 We are told by the greatest of British orators and statesmen, that at the commencement of the war of the Revolution, the most stu pid rnen in England spoke of 'their Amer ican subjects.' Are there, indeed, citi zens of any of our States who have dream ed of their subjects in the District of Co lumbia? Such dreams can never be real ized by any agency of mine. The people of She District of Columbia are not the subjects of the people of the States, but free American citizens. Being in the latter condition when the constitu tion was formed, no words used in that instrument could have been intended to deprive them of that character. If there t is any thing in the great principles of un- I 111 I J I.' . 1 : ip if auenaoie ngnts, so empnaucany insisted hack unon in our Declaration of Independence. a ca they could neither make, nor the United look. States accept, a surrender of their hber- elop ties, and become the subjects in other by 6 words the slaves of their former fellow citizens. If this be true, and it v$llscarce ly be denied by any one who has a correct idea of his own rights as an American cit izen, the grant to Congress of exclusive jurisdiction in the District of Columbia, can be interpreted, so far as respects the aggregate people of the United Stales, as meaning nothing more than to allow Con j gress the conlpelling power necessary to 4 afford a free and safe exercise of the func tions assigned to the General Government by the Constitution. In all other respects the legislation of Congress should be adap ted to their peculiar posilion and wants, and be conformable with their deliberate opinions of their own interests. 1 have spoken of the necessity of keep ing the respective Departments of the go vernment as well as all the other authori ties of our country within their appropri ate orbits. This is a matter of difficulty in some cases, as the powers which they 1 r. . respectively claim are oiten not denned by very distinct lines. Mischievous, how ever, in their tendencies, as collisions of Uus kind may be, those which arise be tween the respective communities, which for certain purposes compose one nation, are much more so; for no such nation can long exist without the careful culture of those feelings of confidence and affection which are the effective bonds of union be tween free and confederated States. Strong as is the tie of interest, it has been often found ineffectual. Men, blinded by their passions, have been known to adopt measures for their country in direct oppo. sition to all the measures of policy. The alternative then, is, to destroy or keep down a bad passion by creating and fos tering a good one; and this seems to be the corner stone upon which our Amen can political architects have reared the fabric of our Government, The cement which was to bind if, and perpeteaic ile existence, was the affec lionatc attachment between all its mem bers. To insure the continuance of this feeling, produced at first by a community of dangers, of sufferings and of interests, fiie advantages of each were made acces sible to all. No participation in any good possessed by any memuer of an extensive confederacy, except in domestic govern inent, was withheld from the citizen of any other member. By a process attend ed with no difficulty, no delay, no expense but that of removal, the citizen of one might become the citizen of any other. and suGtiaselvaly of ifee whole. The lines;1; cantons, so marked a decrepancc was observable, as to promise any thing but harmony in their intercourse or perma nancy in their alliance. And yet, forages, neither has been interrupted. Content with the positive benefits which their union produced, and with the independence and safely from foreign aggression which it secured, these sagacious people respected the institutions of each other, however repugnant to their own principles and prejudices. Our Confederacy, fellow citizens, can only be preserved by the same forbear ance. Our citizens must be content with the exercise of the powers with which the Constitution clothes them. The attempt of those cf one State to control the do mestic institutions of another, can only result in feelings of distrust and jealousy, the certain harbingers of disunion, vio lence, civil war, and the ultimate destruc tion of our free institutions. Our Con-i they speak warning the w-here the Jove of country and of liberty people against the influence of wealth, at one.time were the dominant passions of and the danger of aristocracy. History, the whole mass of cilizens, and yet, with ancient and modern, is full of such exam- the continuance of the name and forms of pies. Cajsar became the master of the free government, not a vestige of these Roman people and the Senate, under the qualities remaining in the bosom of any one pretence of supporting the democratic its citizens. It was the beautiful remark of claims of the former against the aiistocra- a distinguished iLnsiiish writer, that, " In cy of the latter. Cromwell, in the char- the Roman senate, Octavius had a party, aclcr of Protector of the liberties of the and Anthony a party, but the common people, became the Dictator of England, wealth had none." Yet the Senate con and Bolivar possessed himself of unlimi- tinued to meet in the Temple of Liberty, ted power with the title of his country's to talk of the sacredness and beauty of Liberator. There is, on the contrary, the Commonwealth, asd gaze at the "sta no single instance on record, of an exten- tues of the elder Brutus and of the Curtii sive and wcll established Republic being and Decii ; and the peoole assembled in chanped into an Aristocracy. The ten- the forum, not as in the days of Camillas dencies of all such governments, in their and the Scipios, to cast their free votes for decline, is to monarcny : and the antag- annual magistrates, or pass upon the acts DEMOCRATIC CAVDIOATK FOX OOrE6jt Subject to the dtteision f the State Cottttfiti&, We publish to-day, to the exclusion of nihexm& ter, tha Inaugural Address of President Harmoti. It is a deeply inferestfrtg state paper, and as ochr we commend it to the attention of our rea&ei.. "". The March No. of this exceHem mags&: which has just been received, is we thhif-, Jbtijf. equal to any which has preceded it, and: will ag rcpav a perusal-. - -: ' : - POa THE i K Fi'BnS ON I XX REPUBLICAN: onist principle to liberty there, is the snir of the Senate, but to receive from the it ot laction :i spirit which assumes the hands of the leaders of the respective par cha racier, and in times of great excite- ties their share of (he spoils, and to shout ment imposes itseit upon the people as the tor one or the other, as those collected in genuine spirit of freedom, and. like (hp. Ga 111 OP Kavnf ntu! t!lP Inccnf- A CIO TTrtM federacy is perfectly illustrated by the j false Christ whose coming was foretold furnish the larger dividend. The spirit terms and principles governing a copart- by the Saviour, seeks and were it possible of liberty had fled, and avoiding the abodes nership. There a fund of power is to be would impose upon the true and most of civilized man, had sought" protection exercised under the direction of the joint faithful disciples of liberty. in the wilds of Sou hi:, nr .i911k,;, councils of the allied members, but that It j3 in periods Hkc this (ha( i behoovcs And so under the operation of the same which has been reserred by the imhvidu- tuP nMnu tn hP mn waMi causes ,md infinpnrPR t xvi fK fm r w y- j- -w w wuiuijiui Ji uiust; - - "j j i wui to whom they have intrusted power. And Capitol and our forums. A calamity so although there is at limes much difficulty awJK nt only to our country, but to the in distinguishing (he false from the true uor mu, be deprecated by every pa- spint, a calm and dispassionate inveslia- trl0h and every tendency to a state of tion will delect the counterfeit as well by things likely to .produce it. immediatel) (he character of its operations, as the re- checked. Such a tendency has existed suits that are produced. The true spirit "oes exist. Always the friend of my coun- of liberty, although devoted, persevering, trymen, never their flatterer, it becomes bold, and uncompromising in principle, m)' "ty t0 s:iy to them, from this high that secured, is mild and tolerant and p'ace to which -their partiality has exalted scrupulous as to the means it emplovs ; me lhere exists in the land a spirit hos- whiist the spirit of party, assuming to be li'e to their best interests hostile to lib- that of liberty, is harsh, vindictive, and in- ertJ i(seJf- It is a spirit contracted in its tolerant, and totally reckless as to the vtews selfish in its objects. al members is intangible by the common government or the individual members composing it. To attempt it finds no sup- port in tne principles ot our constitution. It should be our constant and earnest en deavor mutually to cultivate a spirit of concord and harmony among the various parts of our Confederacy. Experience has abundantly taught u; that the agitation by citizens of one part of the Union of a subject not confided to the General Gov ernment, but exclusively under the guar dianshipof local authorities, is productive of no other consequences than bitterness, alienation, discord; and injury lo the very cause which is intended to be advanced. Of all the great interests which appertain lo our country, that of union, cordial, con fiding, fraternal union, is by far the most important, since it is the only true and sure guaranty of all others. In consequence of the embarrassed state of business and the currency, some of the States may meet with difficulty in their financial concerns. However deeply we may regret any thing imprudent or exces sive in the engagements into which states have entered for purposes of their own, it does not become us to disparage the Stale governments, nor to discourage them irom mailing proper eftorls for their own relief; on the contrary, it is our duty to . t encourage them, lo tne extent of our con- stitutional authority, to apply their best means and cheerfully to make all necessa ry sacrifices and submit to all necessarv burdens to lulh! their engagements and maintain their credit, for the character and credit of the several States form part of (he character and credit of the whole country. The resources of the country kare abundant, the enterprise and activity oi pur people proverbial, and we may well hope thai wise legislation and prurient ad ministration, by the respective Govern- Mr. S. I recently-obtained a copy tf ail ter from an old member of ' the Lcgrsfeuirf , whose experience entitles his sentiments ' te a, candid consideration, and as the subject of which? he treats is now in discussion before the c munity, and as I have not heard of any hndr proposed plan, no injury can result from a" Mc discussion of this in the columns of your pa per. The Ifitter was written in answer to one . from Moses W. Coolbaugh, then represehlatfti from Monroe county. The plan is fttUy sp.. forth in the paragraph of the letter I have mark ed, and which you are afliberty io extracte "r. "1 would establish at the seat of Gover.tmKfti. of the Slate, a Bank to bo managed by a Pres ident, Directors and Cashier, to be elected, ami appointed by the members of the Legislature, to issue bills on the same principle the Banj&r now issue their bills. These officers of tl& Bank, to give security for the faithful perform ance of their trust, they should also be awerti to perform their several duties with ftdeHrrJHkt pay them a reasonable compensation for tlkir services; thus would the faith of the State be pledged for the redemption of the paper they might issue, and I know of no better security for the payment of money than the terra jrrtrut . of the country. Let the interest that would be' paid by the borrowers of this money be paid in to the State Fund, and I am clearly of opfnjonv t li o t in clt k 1.1 T 1 1 ' ? It looks to 8BWU uiiiw w c wuuiu IHi ue ODIIgSrtl lO'y - character of the allies which it brin fn fhe aggrandizement of a few even to the PletlSe the latth ot tho- State t0 lhose worthloste ihe aid of its cause. When the genuine destruction of the interest of the whole, institutions for the loan of their bills to pay Sthref ' spirit of liberty animates the body of a 1 he entire remedy is with the people, debt. I would establish two banks in every mcu ;ic kj u moroijzn examination ot their i3U"lclll"lSi uuwever, may ue eueciea, dv city in tne state, one in each rnnntv in i.t affairs, it ln:wi; tho fYficinn of oirrr.. the means whirh fbnv havp. nurni in mvlc?.. r .i - . . . .w v.cij - -- j i j oiaie. juei iiiose lnstiiutions Joan money on -Av,n.aei,i,f wijicm IIIUV uavc iaSieiieU It- ,JUI1US l ia uuiuu iiirtt c Wilill, IIOI OI nn onnn.,1,, r.,,m;ni . 1 .1 r "? self Upo any of.be bepnrtaenis of ,bc a parly for (he sake of (hut pnHy, but a Zl 1, . .TJ Z. . 7 1 '"l" Government, and restores the system to l,nlon - the whole country, for the sake 7 V ' ' . - P uurren- its pristine health and beauty. But ihp of (he whole country. For (he defence c-7 Ior ine reucmPllon i wnich, the whole nrop- reign of an intolerant spirit of parly ,ts interests and its honor against foreign erty "l lle S,ate woulti bc pledged. Stato dmungsc a irec people, seldom fails to aggression ior tne deience ot those pnn- rsanKs estauiisned upon this principle would iciuit in a dangerous accession (o the ex- cipies ior wiucn our ancestors so glorious- seem to me, would not onlv oive stnhilitr to ihn n. ,;.... ? . I 1 ...... I !.. . P Zm. 1 1 J J UUUHVU puwer,iniroaucea ana estab ished 'j mcnucu. js lar as it uenenas upon nnnor nnrrMci- hnf ,u- u . 1..... M r rr . . rl.-lll . ..... 1 I I ; , u cuavv m. wuiu nui uK -m .ul uuSua. pro.essions oi devotion and , " n accomp isneo. i tne in- doubted in Qr g . . . nninfirp.iv nnpnpo nnt i nnsence e m m nfnrinr f : rrt r- . K f. i'. l 1 i. C I.i ine toiwoinL remarks r ntn nlmnd l'K ,c"llllt; u'lmauon ut lease oi an jlxc- T.,rwB t 7tr..,. u u w .u exclusivelv. tn-nmtfpra rmtnnifml .',iu cutivc party in the halls ot the legislative LRflrisfatur nfthn cot ficnnn,v- un ca- domestic concerns. It may be nronrr D0(lv- w'sh or Ihe support of no mem- Utor of the United States for six years fronvthc ltk however, that I should trive ame uu,r ber of u,at bod)' 4P a,,V measure of mine ?Rh lnx Pc0 of3Ir.CiTTKHDaK,decffiidaM . tions lo mv e bw citizens nf mv nmnn.. ,,jhics not sansiy ins . uugemeiu and r 1 ' "" 'u"? '""a? am. 5 i ". v i i - r j..j a . i r i i i nuc ucun uuiuiuiuiu juicuiciiiuii nuu vjl swi r..-.., ..r. c i i - .. . I nit; ennen nr niilv in rhnsp trnm ivhnm K I . . a .Mv.vuii ill uuiiiiiici in I f I v mH incMmnni - j ' ....- "u nnr nt tic Ntn n ivfiu; I nimhm,.. ... i ....... i.v'iiuu i till i . . I w 4mwm n.b.p tzr o rru o i ot our torcign relations. J assure them llo,us ,s nppinntmeni. ior any conn- inereiore, that it is my intention to use ev- . . ' . 'l11 u 11 l,,tJ l'eul,lc uul inat The Spy in Washington says: " Mr. Van iover-r ndly intercourse which now so happily ness a.Iul f . ct, ",e ,coal administration quit the house on the 20th February, the Pre sisfs with every foreign nation ; and heir affairs." sident Elect caused an inquiry to be made as to t, although, of course, not well inform- 1 cm the present occasion sufficiently !he s,Ht0 nhe f"rnilHro- what was his aaton-, ery means in my power to preserve the aked for by Mr. Jefferson, "to give firm- Buren having announced his determination to inenaiy subsis that, eti as lions sonai ments, each acting within its own sphere. I r wi rwfnw rnrmux nMS ' OI mc vjovernincnls with which nr rp- rehdious liherty, and a mst muuus .ne most intimaic, a pleasing guar-rcsponsioimy, are essentially con- slnll0ft(L Gei, M9rpisiin Mmifte,.j n.i . an v that i,.HmM.. ; i.winr ,;h li j t.i: i . ' -h"" vui. wiwr. ... . j ...... ... ..a.,w,,j u impuiiiiuiiu me - " Htu,.uu jaM.ug nijic. bers ,0 nave purchased whatever furnituro vh interests of their subjects, as well as of our And that good Bein who has blessed us necessary for thn mi r w r;ur j citizens, will not be interrupted by the by the gifts of civil and religious freedom Congress would not pay for it, he (Gen.iw advancement of any claim or pretension who watched over and prospered the would." upon their nnrt lo which labors of nnr Hifhprs? nnd has hithnrfn nrn- would not permit us to yield. Low the served to us institutions far exceeding in Bea4!a ot tUc Amerieam ComsiiI in - a defender of my country's rights in (he excellence lhose of any other people, let finll I Ikk u . rn ri? ... i. :t r .1.. . i : tore former prosperity. Unpleasant and even dangerous as col lisions may sometimes be, between the constituted authorities or the citizens of our country, relation to the lines which separate their respective jurisdictions, the results can be of no vital iniurv to our in- slitution?, if that ardent patriotism, that devoted attachment to liberty, that snirit of moderation and forbearance for which o.ur countrymen were once distinguished. Ipntinue to be'cherisheTd. If this contin- to the state of any pending neocia- important and solemn to justify me in ex- IM1 , lo, w,a' loro were not beaded-. with any of them, 1 see in the per- pressing to my fellow-citizens a profound s1,ca)ds, or Padding suhciont for his familyjjllw '. characters ofthe Sovereigns, as well ruvdrencc for the Christian religion, and 'h b , .i .... ' .. . ... " ' liest Lute nf tu r.nwit. mutUH, interest of our own, and mroUi conviction that sound mraK 0tber jcmrtm,IltH , 'v". ' spn?e of n i- , , . , v.. 'P D,Xi " France. field, I trust that my fellow citizens will jis unite in fervently commending every - ' y evQ"1"' Jan"ay 3 not see, in my earnest desire lo preserve interest of our beloved country in all fu- A".lh!6 ofhisage of typhoid. peace with fprei powers, anv indinnn Hire time. TOath administered.! S .S' ,eemi TO ii,nf ,i,; ., j vi v- . - J vjuiimii ui ma unuoa oiaies ot America' tor- thaUheirr.ghls-;willeyer besacri Fellow Citizens : -Being fully -invesledlparis, and affent of American claims. 1 A
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