liiiifi ii JiitSli ! f i l r THE COX3TITVTION TH1 1T5I0S A5D TH5 ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAWS. Editor and Proprietor. B. F. SCHWEIER, VOI XXIX. M IFFLINTO WN, JUNIATA COUNTY, PENNA., AUGUST 18, 1875. TO. 33. LE1RH TO KEEP HOUSE. Beautiful maidens aye, nature's fair queens, Borne in your twenties and some in your teens. Seeking accomplishments worthy your aim. Striving for learning, thirsting for fame ; Taking such pains with the style of Tour hair. Keeping your LOy complexion so fair ; Uiss not this item in all your gay Uvea, Learn to keep boose, yon may one day be wives. Learn to keep bouse. Now jour Adonis lores sweet moonlight walks. Hand clasp, and kisses, and nice little talks. Then, as plain Charley, with burden of care. He mnst subsist on more nourishing fare. He will come home at the set of the sun. Heart sick and weary, his working day done. Thence let his slippered feet ne'er wish to roam. I .earn to keep house and yoall keep him at home. Learn to keep house. Fin in his eyes will be children and wife, Joy of his joy and tire of his life, Next to his dwelling, bis table, his meals, Shrink not at what my pen trembling reveals. Maidens, romantic, the truth most be told. Knowledge is better than silver or gold ; Then be prepared in tbe spring-time of health. Learn to keep boom though enrronnded by wealth; Learn to keep house. Tom's Adventure. 11 V KBKN K. ICKXKOKI1. The prettiest girl in Kent Corners was I lara Talxir. She li:nl the must liew ilderiug blue eyes, and knew how to use them to the liest advantage in ensnaring the heart of susceptible young men. There wasn't a youth for miles around who wouldnt have given all lie wag worth for the sake of win ning her. lint Miss Clara had narrowed her fas cinations dowu in intirli the same way our grandmother used to narrow a slot-king. Among the young men who liesieged her, like moths who singe their wings in the light of a candle, there were only two upon whom she .seemed to look with inucli lavor. John Croft was a well-to-do young farmer, with a good, sturdy heart, aud hands brown with toil. He had always had a strong liking for Clara, and of late that liking had developed into most marked attention on his part. Clara wax all smiles and fascination when he was with her, and he believed he could win her; and such was the opinion of those who knew the young lady best. Hut she was rather inclined to play the coijuette, and John was not quite as sure aliout the state of her affections as he would have liked to be. But he re solved to take his own time In carrying on the courtship, and not be hurried into premature proposal by any jealous fear of his rival. Tom Kolierts was clerk in the little store at the village, and had some money in his own right, He was a dapper tort of a fellow, and made much more show in society than John Croft did; but John was not at all ambitious to show off, and his manly modest way w as vastly more to his credit than Tom's forwardness. Hut Some young ladies like a showy fellow, and many people thought Clara would prefer Tom to John, because lie was fonder of parties aud gayety of that sort, aud would be apt to take her into a more brilliant circle, in time, than she could ever hojie lit shine in as the wife of a fanner. There were others who thought that Clara really cared for only John, and kept Tom "dancing attendance to give her other lover the idea that he had a dangerous rival, aud iu that way hurry up his rather slow courtship, of which hhe was beginning to tire. He that as it may, Johu did not hurry in the matter until he began to think it w as impera tively necessary for him to do so. He liegan to think it time for him to find out how matters stood between him and Clara one Sunday afternoon, when he and a friend of his overheard a con versation between Tom and a friend of his. John and his friend hail been strolling about in the woods, and had sat down under a tree to rest, com pletely hidden from any passers-by by the drooping branches. Pretty soon Tom and his comaiiioii came walking up the road slowly, and they were talking about Clara. "I'm going up to see her this even ing," said Tom; "and I'm going to ask her to marry me. 1 don't kuow whether she cares more for me than she does for John Croft, or not, but I thiuk if I ask her first, I'll get her." "I'll tell you w hat it is," said John, to his friend, "I'm going to gee Clara and ask her the very sauie question. I'll get the start of him." Tom was visiting at his cousin's that day, and this cousin lived opiosite John's farm. Johu thought he would start quite early, and get the start of his rival by getting there liefore he did ; but a friend came iu and John could not get away from him ; and when heannouueed J. is intention of staying to tea, matters liegan to look dubious. "I'll tell you how I'll fix it," said John I-", who hail beeu with him that afternoon, and overheard Tom's an nouncement of his intention, "I'm going home now, and I'll stay and see him, and tell him you are going up there, and advise him to cut across lots, if he w ants to get there first. Now Brown has turned his old sheep out in that lot of his, and you know he'll knock over anybody that comes along. He'll be sure to "see Tom, and if he him, he'll tree him, sure as fate, and you'll have a chance to get ahead of him." "Do it, and I'll give you a new hat," said John, enthusiastically. "Agreed," and George was off. He'was as good as his word. He Mopped and saw Tom, and in the most natural wav in the world let out that John w as going over to see Clara, and be guessed he was going to propose. Of course Tom was on the alert then, and George, much Interested in Tom's welfare and success, innocently advised him to take the path over the hill through the field, or he would be too late, as he was sure John had started. Tom set oJT, and reached the field. He cl.mil.ered over the fence unsuspect-in-lv. It was quite dusky. He had most reached the road w hen he heard a ho rse bleat behind him, and turned to see sheep with ferocious looking lioru Uriug down uiKn him like a ' "lelooked wildly around. "His only refuse was stump close by, and lie clambered on it just M the sheep came thundering up, giving the stump a blow that must nave made it tremble to the nd of its roots. "Good Ird!" cried Tom. pale ; as death. "He'd have killed me if I badn t got out of his way. What'U I dot He'll keep me here all night?" He liegan to make frantic gestures at the sheep, who only lowered his head 'and shook his horns threateningly. "Go 'long! you old brute," said poor Tom, flourishing his hat in the face of his woolly majesty. "Shoo!" But the sheep didn't choose to "". He evidently had made up his mind to keep his prisoner there till he capitals ted Tom heard stops coming down the road, and pretty soon the steps were accompanied by a whistle that he knew belonged to John Croft. The sound of it made Tom desperate. He flung his hat in the woolly monster's face, and then gave an awful leap in the opposite direction. But the sheen wasn't to be foo'ed so easily. Before Tom had gone two rods the horns of the watchful ani mal struck him forcibly iu the rear, and sent him sprawling down the hill at least ten feet. He saw stars in all di rections. He lay there for a minute or two, fully believing that bia back was broke. Then he tried to get up, but at the first indication of getting up on the part of his victim the sheep drew back, shaking his head, and giving vent to threatening sounds that warned Tom it was safer for him to lay stilL And lay there he did for six or seven of the longest hours he ever knew. More than once he made desperate ef forts to get on his feet, but the sheep never left his post. When Tom stirred, he was up and ready to renew the rather oue-sided battle. To Tom that side was a rather bruised and sore oue. The moon came up by and by, and everything was light as day, when he heard Johu Croft coming back, and he knew by his jubilant whistle that it was all right between him and Clara. He lay still, hoping his rival would pass l.y without seeing him. But Johu had seen him "up a stump" when he went by on his way to the mansion of his beloved, and hadn't the least idea of going by now. "Hulloa!" he called out, stopping by the fence aud looking o-er. "Who's that?" It's me," answered Tom, sheepishly. "This confounded old brute has nearly killed me, I swear I'll kill him, if 1 hang for it." "Iet me help you out of your trouble," said Johu. Aud he climbed on the fence toattract the attention of the sheep, who charged valiantly at him, thus giving Tom a chance to make his escajie. "I want you to come to my wedding in alMiut a month. Clara'U send you an invitation, too," said John, when Tom was safely in the road. "I hope you won't feel sore to-morrow. Good night." Tom lelt sore in more ways than one already. He said good night in a not very gracious mood, and waited until his lucky rival was out f sight, then, with stem determination in his eyes, he began to carry stones together in a cor ner of a fence, while the sheep, who had been the cause of so much trouble, stood on the other side watching him. When he had accumulated quite a collection of geological specimens, he liegan operations. He climbed on the fence with as big a stone as he could handle, aud waited for a good opportu nity. The sheep evidently thought he was defying him, for he charged into the fence, and down dropped the stone on the back of his head, stunning him. Tom fairly shouted iu exultation. He jumped down and pounded the poor sheep with that stone until be was nan dead, calling him an old brute aud other names equally expressive. When the animal was nearly exhausted by this new style of warfare, Tom got a rail and managed to get it fastened in the fence like a lever, aud theu dragged the liewildered sheep up to it and inserted his neck between it and another rail. "I've got you now," chuckled Tom, bearing down on the death-dealing in strument he had devised. "I'll bet you won't knock; anybody else down, you old fool." For fifteen minutes he kept it in the same position. At the end of that time the sheep was very nearly goue to the spirit world aud Tom had his revenge. The Dilli-Kn. Ventilation is a subject that has been pretty thoroughly ventilated iu journals of popular science; but man is the slow est of all animals to learn whatever con cerns his physical well-being. There seems to be no simple lesson of the kind that he is more dull in mastering and applying practically than the vital im portance of pure air. Of this boon, which is literally as free as air, he will fully or stupidly deprives himself in most of his in-door life if life it may be called which is merely a state of semi-stupefaction in a poisoned atmos phere. To this same vile air he con demns the victims of his inconsistent hospitality; for the dining-room is often one of the worst ventilated apart ments in the house. On this subject a correspondent of the Pull Mttll Gazette vents his righteous iudignatiou in the following vigorous way : "I once was Uld enough to prophesy that the day would come w hen a host would as soon think of setting before his guests tainted meat as of making them breathe foul air. Better, I have always held, is a dinner off a single joint where pure air is, than twenty courses and stuffiness therewith. I never go to a dinner-arty without a longing coming over me to send one of the bottles flying through the window ; and I find myself regretting the good old days when a chance riot might have brought a few chance stones through the jKines of glass. I often find myself considering whether I shall excite more attention by making a rush for tbe fresh air or by waiting till I fall iu a fainting tit under the table. The hostess, er hops, remards to me, 'I fear the room is a little hot.' 'It is rather warm, I mildly reply. Some day, I feci, human nature will'be too much for me, and my heart that is hot within me will at length sieak out. 'Madam,' I shall say, 'the room is hot;but heat pure heat 1 can stand. The air in this room is more than hot; it is foul. It is far too foul for those animals to have lived in on which we are dining. The verv pig who has given us that juicy ham would have drooied iu such an air as we are now breathing. Yon have brought us together to eat dainties got from all quarters of the world, and you clap ns all together into a room which would have been a disgrace to a jail in thedays even of the philanthropist Howard. I love my neighbor, 1 hope, but I do not covet bis breath ; neither the breath of his w ife, nor of his servant, nor of bis maid. I have not, Madame, like so many of your guests, who spend night after night in rooms as close as your own, quite lost that play of lungs in which the poet rejoiced. I am still so little used to the poison of bad air as to know that it might at the present mo ment w ith truth be said of me - "With bin brwtn be draws A plane luto a hkwl : and canst " XjJVauecesaarjr BMana, but be must die.'" A lAtmrj Twenty-five years ago, come last April, there was opened in a small cel lar on Ann Street, Xew York which still exisu, aud ia used for the same purpose what may be called a literary morgue, or a reception vault for re jected manuscript and yesterday g news. For this world moves on so fast, that the news of yesterday becomes stale . . . it ia east out. to-uay, anu tw-uwuv" -- - -What was commenced on the 8. April, IsoO, has proveu i w stieculation, but has steadily grown In size, until now a large number of vaulu have been added to the original one, as well as many upper chambers, extend ing from 25 Ann street round the corner - a All nr i ns liulinr ail old en- to iuraimi"lji .... . s - gine-hote, used as such when the "boys ran wid der machine." The one basement cellar has grown to eight, and the little first floor office has expanded into a large number of warerooms on the first and second floors, while some thing like forty men and women are employed to assort and pack the papers which daily come pouring into the es tablishment. Some idea of the amount of business done may be inferred when it is stated that last year over three thousand tons of paper stock were shipped to the paper mills enough to keep several of them running. This stock includes almost everything that is written upon and printed, from a State report or Depart ment report to a shew bill or love letter. At times, as many as fifty orders a day are received by mail or telegraph for a man to call at various places in the city and collect the waste paper which has accumulated in lawyers offices, In bank ing houses, in private residences, and other places. A Wall Street banking house once sold its stock of waste paper, the result of fifty years' accumulation, for $1,900 Paer stock is worth gold, aud since the vast increase of book and newsjiajier publishing in this country, commands a high price. Kvery scrap of pajier has its value, for the purpose of lieing trans formed into new paper. This slock is very interestii(g to study counterfeit money. Confederate bonds, rejected plays from the I'nion Square and otlrer theatres, rejected manuscripts -from all the magazine aud newspaper offices, euveloMii with postage stamps from all parts of the world, unpopular and old hooks (sometimes rare works), the re fuse of liookbinders, lawyers' iiapers, mercantile papers, etc. Recently a rare copy of history of Westchester County was totinu; at an other time the old" parchment deed by which the laud on Scheuectady stands, and which was ceded by the Iudians, made its apeariice. Then the bonds of the Central 1'ark Hotel, or the Xew York Amusement Company, came in for redemption, worth so much ier Huud. JJ nue Jumrmil. Omf tbaltt:7 as a Beereatlaa. It is easy to see several reasons which account for the opularity of ornitho logy as a rural recreation. In the first place, it can lie pursued everywhere. Even the barest common has its birds, and yet there is just sufficient diversity among the birds which haunt similar localities in diU'erent countries, to inter est the mind and induce philosophical reflection on the causes of this variation. Indeed, the number of problems which the study of birds presents is another reason why it is so generally fascinating. The mere dilettante can amusing him self in solving these, while the professed student finds many which bailie his clo sest scrutiny. The migrations of swal lows, for instance, were until recent years beset by the same haziness which attended them iu Gilliert White's mind. I'eople, sensible enough on other points, gravely affirmed that the approach of Winter drove the hiruudine to their hi bernating quarters, hollow trees or the bottoms of rivers. The claims of over lapping sjiecles, of partial migration, of the abundance or paucity of allied spe cies iu different years, of the curious changes of color in the plutuageof many shore birds without their undergoing a molt, together with that special rrur. of most dcjiartments of natural history, what constitutes a species? are sieci mens of the speculations to which mo dern ornithology addresses herself. But even more difficult and delicate inquiries remain on such iiiits as the presence of instinct and violation of bird life. The disapiearance, whether partial or total, of different species from the sev eral provinces of Great Britain, forms another interesting branch of study, and others might be indicated if the extent aud variety of questions which impera tively demand an answer from the scien tific ornithologist had not beeu suf ficiently demonstrated. Perhaps the being brought face to face with nature while prosecuting these aud the like inquiries, and freedom from the drud gery involved in the use of the micros coe indoors, enter largely into the plea sures of the bird lover. And yet orni thology demands iu the ojien air minute and extended observation, large powers of discrimination and comparison, aud an enthusiasm which never flags at dis appointment. The ornithologist might almost be weighed against the compre hensive standard of cirtues required of the angler in the seventeenth century. He must he untiring and eagle-eyed, sauguiue yet disinclined to believe on insufficient premises, a clever anatomist, a well-taught disciple of the inductive method, skillful at forming a hyMthe sis, but slow to admit its truth without the most rigorous collection of instances and testing of tl.eir agreement. Such an admirable Crichton is the scientific ornithologist of the nineteenth century, and among our own countrymen such men can le counted on the fingers. VuriOiill ilii-jitzine. The ralas; raaaaalmiaaa Past r reseat. Habitues of summer hotels or water ing places will recognize the following as a correct specimen of the domestic dialogues which take place while pater familias is waiting for the omnibus to drive up to the front piazza, or his buggy to take him to the steanilKi.it landing, or for the whistle of the ex pected locomotive. , "You have got the pattern for the muslin, my dear?" "Yes." "And you won't forget Charley's slippers and my bathing dress iu the lower bureau drawer?" "Xo, darliug." "Aud the cold cream and camphor from the upper shelf in the closet, and to bring us some books from the library, you know, aud a bottle of cologne." "Yes, yes." "And baby's caps, you know, and tell Jordan & Marsh about having my dress sent by express, for I want it for the hop. And do ask Aunt Maria to send my driving gauntlets; I forgot them." 'Anything else?" "Xo, darling, nothing, only if you could step over to ma's aud ask her to lend me that purple and white hood, aud bring me down a new sun um brella, and my India rubbers to wear when we go out iu the boat; it is so damn that " "Stop, darling! I've just thought of something I waut to do myself." - - . ' "What is it, my dear?" J . "Why, I waut'to ruu into my store for five minutes for my own business, if there's any time left after transacting yours." "Ixr' now, Charles, I hope yon are not going to be disagreeable about a few little errands, I'm sure." "Oh, not in the least, only I haven't onite got used to this express business vet. aud I can only give nine-tenths of r. , . " .!.... .ii tne time to it mis summer, mat u, tootsicuin's there's the engine whistle." "Good bye, dear, don't forget the " But the rest of the sentence was lost In the rattle of wheels that bore Charles on his way to town .. Jeff Davis decline the presidency of the Texas .Agricultural tonege, iu the consciousness that I could not satis factorily perform the ditties of the office." A Maarlah Tawa aad Ita rarba. We had already sent early in the mor ning to request an interview wttu tne Pacha, and now received a message from him to say he would be happy to receive us. We proceeded tnrotign a large oen square, and on arriving at the official residence found it to be merely a strag gling, whitewashed building, construct ed regardless oi uesi;u or uiiuoruiiiv, but covering a considerable area. We entered by a long covered archway, and then passed through a doorway into a garden, at the end of which, and at the back of the building, we found a long stone-built verandah. Here were seated about in groups a number of officials and soldiers, the latter not dressed as the so-called regulars, but in their irre gular and extremely handsome costume of loose white robes, bound round their waists by colored sashes, into which were thrust ornamented daggers and crooked cimeters. All had hanging from their shoulders, but open in front, a long dark-blue garment of tine cloth, and their head-dress consisted of a snow white turbau wound round a tasseled fez. The tout ensemble, as the men were grouped together under the shady trees, was picturesque iu the extreme, and well became the wearers, who were all handsome, soldier-like looking fellows, with dark beards ami mustaches neatly clipped after the Mohammedan fashion, and bronzed, intelligent coun tenances. Among them was the Khalifa or second Pacha, a clever-looking young man with cunning, rather Jewish fea tures; he requested us to be seated, and apologized for the absence of his chief, who, he said, would be with us shortly.' Perhaps I may as well here explain that every Pacha of the district has for his assistant a lieutenant, or Khalifa as he is called, who appears to take the place with reference to the Pacha that the buffer of an engine occupies in con nection with railway train; that is to say, should anything go wrong in his chiefs department, it is he, the Khalifa, who bears the shock of public outcry, on the one baud, and the far more power ful shock of the Sultan's ire on the other. In the latter case, he is tolera bly well sure of being invited to present himself at court and explain his con duct, which, if he cannot do In a satis factory manner, i. e if he has not the means to fee the ministers and court officials well, he enters into the seclu sion of a prison, which, in some cases, he only leaves for the place of execu tion, in others to govern and plunder another district. We had not been waiting iong, when the Pacha made his apiwarance, an elderly, intelligent-looking mail, with an easy gentlemanly manner, which is characteristic of the upper-class Moors. We conversed with him for sometime, one of the party acting as interpreter, and then took ourdeartur. In ordur to have a stroll through the city. . What a labyrytilh of streets and lanes 'Jet nan is, to be sure; what studies for an artist are to lie found there; what picturesque costumes we encountered us we made our way among gayly-dressed turbaiied Moors; wild-looking ruffians in short wooleu tunics, with bare legs ami close- cropjietl heads; Israelites iu their dark- colored garments and black skull c.ips; women envelojied in long white haicks, their eyes only exposed to view as they wandered silently about with that noise less gliding gait which seems peculiar to ghosts and Eastern women! Our guide conducted us at length to the house of a wealthy man. who having amassed a fortune by trade, had retired from business and settled in Tetuan. We entered by a narrow lane into a house which outside presented nothing hut high whitewashed blind walls, ami, passing through a wooden doorway, we found ourselves in a handsome build ing, constructed and decorated iu the Mauresque style; it consisted of two stories, having all the doors and windows of the different rooms opening into the court, which was paved w ith azulejos or glazed colored tiles; a marble fountain was playing iu the centre, and a plea sant shade was produced by four acacia trees growing up round the fountain iu places which, for a space of three or four feet, had liecn puriiosely left un tiled. Kiiiiiiing round the court was a veranda supiorted by the usual hors" shoe Moorish arches', its roof forming the door of a balcony into which the upper rooms opened. The walls were decorated with pretty arabesques, and the carved wooden ceilings ol the long uarrow rooms were inlaid with a color ing of cinnamon aud gold. During the visit three or four negro slave girls came in to have a good look at the strangers; hut with the excep tion of a lovely little Moorish girl of about eight years of age, the daughter of the master of the house, the females of the family had retired to a secluded room, aud shut themselves up, so that we saw nothing of them. Iu walking through the town it seem ed a if 1 were surrounded by everyday si-eues and characters reproduced from the pages of the Artihian Sightt. At one place w as the storyteller, surround ed by a silent crowd, w ho listened with rapt attention, sitting cross-legged in a circle round him. There again was the barlK-r, who, iu this country, acts also as blood-letter and dentist, employed in shaving the head of a ensive Moor; here come Ayesha and Fatima, demurely wrapped in their veils and attended by a slave girl as they wend their way to the baths; and, as' I live, there is the famous hunchback himself, but he now officiates as porter at the doorway of the Jowish quarter a hideous, bandy legged dwarf, armed with along gun, who grins horribly as he ommis the gate for us on our return at night, and on being tendered a coin de(osits it for safety iu his mouth. ur' M'tytizme. F.BKllaai Arefciteeiare. In an article on modern English ar chitccture,the Satnrdny .'cririe complains of its defects iu adaptation to the purjto ses for which it is designed, and iu ier manenee and grace. Cor .-erning the lat ter defects it discourses thus : "Those who look at the massive walls of our old cathedrals and ruined abbeys, of Durham and Ely, of Fountains ami Furness, will feel that herein lies the se cret of their strength, of their immeasur able superiority to all ecclesiastical ar chitecture of recent times. In modern Europe it is a enrious reflection that the most eriuanent traces of man's handi work are probably to be found in the railways that ruu through the moun tainous districts. What force less than an earthquake, if even that, could ob literate every trace of the Mont Cenis TuniiMi ? Aud iu England, thoughion a far smaller scale, yet similar works are not altogether wanting; witness the great level road that has been driven through the limestone rocks of Derby shire. There seems no reason why the tunnels through such rocks should not last as long as the caverns that are known to have opened their arched portals and internal hollows for periods measurable, not by years, but by the epochs of geo logy. And if any one holds that the want of beauty in such excavations must deprive them of any rank as architec ture, let it be remembered that the Pyra mids have no beauty. Moreover, nature decks these roads and these tunnels with living ivy, and yew that clings to the rocks, with the woods of the glen and the ferns that spring between the stones. It would, however, be incorrect to deny altogether the quality of permanence in modern English buildings, even taking into account the moist and corroding cli mate. They are more deficient iu the third great requisite of architecture gracefulness. Xeed we mention, in this connection, the monster hotels, of which there are so many examples tn London huge, devoid of projiortion 'enormous' both in the original and In the acquired sense of the word ? Yet. for the sake ol the virtue we have just noticed, we do not entirely visit them with the condem nation that is sometimes fulminated against them. It is, at all events, better to have a roof under wuicn you can steep with a tranquil mind, rather than oue which threatens to fall on the heads that are in debate, in turmoil, or in slumber beneath it, like the Houses of Parlia ment of gracefulness. There is too much hard toil, too little joyousness, in our work. Yet, though the swift touch and easy lightness of imaginative power are nowhere exhibited in the recent edifices of England, it would not be fair to deny that some, especially of the new chur ches, have been designed with a sincere feeling for beauty, though a feeling too timid to break away from traditionary forms into a new line. Architects who study lieauty are still absorbed in the past; as the ivy to the oak, so do they clingy for safety to the more powerful minds which delineated and carved the lilies of our great cathedrals. They for get that nature never restores the old in its entirety ; that she perietually regen erates her productions from her full and perennial fountain; and that in the creation of a great work no man, be it the lowest handicraftsman, ought to lie a mere mechanical agent, content to cou tribute a certain quantum of horsepower to the raising and fashioning of stones, while all his spiritual powers are inert and torpid. What, Indeed, it most truly wanted is a strong popular impulse to co-oK'rate with artistic genius. But genuine artists help to create the wiugs on which they are to soar; and we would ram hoe that the two together may not he wanting to our country in the future, as assuredly they have been conspicu ous iu many generations of tbe past. ABtlqwitr ml Haa-Flve Haadred Tnoaaaad Tears at teiil-Spffila teas ar Mr. Alfred Basse! Wallace. In an issue of Y.ir, Mr. Alfred Mussel Wallace indulges in some simu lations on the probable autiquity of the human siiecies which may well startle even those who have long since come to the conclusion that 6,000 years carry us hut a small way hack to the original home. In fact, in Mr. Wallace's reck oning, 6,U0 years are but as a day. He begins by complaining of the timidity of scientific men when treating of this subject, and points out the fallacy of always preferring the lowest e.timate iu order to be on the safe side. He de clares that all the evidence tends to show that the safe side is probably with the large figures, lie ridicules the vari ous attempts to determine the antiquity of human remains or works of art, and finds the bronze age in Euroie to have been pretty accurately fixed at 3,ij to t,(Mi years ago, and the stone age of the Swiss lake dwellings at 5,000 to 7.0UO years ago, "and an indefinite anterior period." The burnt nnck tound sixty feet deep in the Nile alluvial indicates an antiquity of I0,iNJ years; another fragment at seventy-two feet give -n,lKK) years. "A human skeleton found at the depth of sixteen feet lxdow four buried forests superposed upon each other, has lieen calculaPil by Mr. Io ler to have an antiquity of 5)1,000 years. But ill these estimates tialeberorethosewhloh Kant's Cavern at Torquay legitimates. Here the drip of the stalagmite is the chief factor of our computations, giving us an upper floor which "divides the relics of the last two or three thousand years from a deposit full of the bones of extinct mammalia, many of which, like the reindeer, mammoth, and glutton, indicate an arctic climate." Xamescut into this stalagmite more than 200 years ago are still legible; in other words. where the stalagmite is twelve feet thick and the drip still very copious not more than a hundredth ol a foot has been deiiosited In two centuries a rate of five feet in 11X1,000 years. Below this however, we have a thick, much older and more crystaline (i. e., more slowly forme!) stalagmite, beneath which again, "in a solid breccia, very different I rum the cave carte, undoubted works of art have hern found." Mr. Wallace assumes only 100,000 years for the tipper floor, aud about ZjO.OOO for the lower, and adds 1."I,(XXI for the intermediate cave earth, by which he arrives at the sum of half a million as representing the years that have probably elajised since flints of human workmanship were buried in the lowest deposits of Kent's Cavern." .ViJtii. Braaauta faalaaia. The customs among Ilrahmans still acted np to, that under certain circum stances men must marry plants, is cu rious. If a Brahmin ia desirous of tak ing to himself a third wife, he goes through the niaraiaire eerniony correct ly, but abbreviated in details, with a yelka tjida Arittolurhia imlica). This is looked upon as a third marriage ; af ter the ceremony has been completed the ytlLa g'ult is cnt down and bumed. The man ia now free, without fear of evil consequences, to wed the woman who is nominally his fourth wife. This custom owes its origin to tree-worship, and to the belief that the numlier three is an unlucky one. By burning the third all bad luck ia averted. It some times happens that the elder brother, not having come across a suitable wife, is still unmarried when the yonnger brother, wishes to get married, liefore the younger can do so, however the el der goes through the ceremony of mar riage with a plantain-tree, which is af terward cat down, and the younger is then free to wed. The privileges of eatiug betelnut, wearing flowers in the hair, using sandal-wood paste on the body, and tying np the cloth behind in a particular manner, are confined to married men only. By going through the cermony of marriage with a plan tain tree, the unfortunate bachelor who cannot get a wife is entitled to exercise all the coveted privileges Friend of India. The ttparraw'a sbarsPracUes. One of our business men, whose store has a fine front, was annoyed by a small colony of these sprightly little birds over one of his window copings. There was only a nest or two yet in occupa tion, but he hail an apprehension as to what lenrtbs the affair might grow. Accordingly the owner determined to move at once nnon their works and dislodge them. This was done and the broken up nests were soon lying in toe middle of the street ; and now mark the result. The feathered owners of their homes had watched tbe dire proceed ines, but were neither dis mayed nor disheartened. In ten minutes after their dislodgment a cloud of sparrows were on the spot gathering np the scattered fragments and restoring the habitations, with much chattering, to the old place, and in a very brief time the nests were re built, the friendly assistants dispersed, and things were as before. The owner of the building noticing a neighbor ovei the way watching the manenvresof the birds, at the close of the drama, came out of his store, at one look took in tbe situation and with a shake of the head gave op the contest. A Partlaaa Oecaaatlaa. The London Sbintlard says: "Many Interesting particulars as to the effect of recent legislation on the management of mines are to be found in the official volume just issued which gives the re ports of the inspectors or mines for the vear ls4. The summary or the sta tistics of all the reiiorts shows that with regard to those undertakings which are subject to the coal mines regulation act there were no accidents or deaths dur ing the year iu Ireland. In Great Britain there was an average or one fatal accident among every Wr persons employed in and altout the mines, and one death by accident among every 510 persons. It will be observed that a 'fatal accident' simply counts as oue in these returns, although it may kill sev eral persons. Hence there is a ditler ence in the ratio according as we take the accidents or the deaths. It is also shown that 157,222 tons of mineral were got for each fatal accident. I.'i3,2-1 tons for each death. In the preceding year (173 the fatal accidents and the num ber of deaths from such accidents were more numerous in proiortion to the unrulier of persons employed, there be ing one accident among 520 persons. and one death from accident among 47'.K In proportion to the weight of mineral raised, the figures for 1S73 showed one accident for U6,Sti7 tons, and one death for 133,077 tons. Thus, on the basis of the work done there was an improve ment last vear as compared with 13 In the ratio of fatal accidents, but iu re gard to the actual loss of life the ratio was not quite so good as nelore, though the difference was so slight as to be scarcely appreciable. It is curious that the fatal accidents from the explosion of fire-damp were precisely the same iu numlier last year as in tiie year pre ceding, namely 44. The iiumlier of fatal aiiidcnts from the breaking of ropes aud chains was also the same iu the two several years, being eleven in each. In some other instances the two years show almost an exact equality in the number of fatal accidents of a seci- tied character. V itli regard to the deaths from explosion of fire-damp the figures show a great increase, being loo for hist year as against 1R in the year preceding. But, of course, twoor three heavy accidents will greatly aggravate the returns under this head for a single year. 1 lie deaths rrom the rails or the roof or sides of mines show a consider able decrease, being 412 in ls4 as against 4111 in 1S73. The magnitude of these latter numbers as com a red with those under the head of fire-damp, shows that the terrible catastrophes which create so great sensation in the public uiind are nut the most fruitful source ol destruction to the life of the collier. Deaths from accidents iu the shafts were l-"il last year, anil 171 the, year preceding, the deaths from mis cellaneous accidents under ground were 214, as against iJI in 173. The loss of li.o riuin aecldeiiLsat the surfai-e showed an increase, the deaths from this cause Ix-ing 100, whereas in 1873 they were 'JO. Coming to the total there is a xlight decrease, the deaths in IS, I being l.o.ii;, as against 1,001 in the year before. The total iitMihr of mines was 4,332, em ploying 33,.i2,J. The tons of mineral wrought amounted to lto.i 12,N!2, ol which 12f5,.-:0,lnx were coal, the re mainder being fire-clay, Ironstone and bale." Variety ass Nijrle la faaa. The latest fans are a trille smaller thai: those imported early iu the season, though the Trianon idea still obtains over the diminutive things of the kind fashionable several years ago. The handsomest of the recent fancy fans are almost indeed marvels of artistic work. They present a delicately beautiful land scape, of which a bit of beautifully clouded sky forms the background, and a gay jxu-tem, overshaded by trees, the foreground, upou which a happy party disports at moMe, or some other game, drinks tea and oherbert in a rustic bower or reclines at ease beside a babbling brook. Or there is a sky view with cherubim, or a sky and water view with gaily pain let 1 ships, over which cherubs, turds, aud butterflies hover, the devi ces on tans are much more elaborate than those seen a 'year ago, w hile the nuest are mounted on mother-ot-pearl. tortoise shell and ivory sticks, not carved, but. if ornamented at all, with flowers or gold and silver pressed in, as in the fine old Spanish fans, the finest having the ranches, or stout outside sticks, sometimes jewelled. Yet by no means have tbe more simple fancy fans, presenting a rich clusterof flowers, ora pretty landscape iu the corner, declined in favor. They are, indeed in the most general use, the above noticed being the exceptionably elegant. The latest fashion dispenses with the mara bout fringe on the edge of the fan, though at most this is optional. Painted fans, according to design and quality, command in price from three dollars, all grades, kinds aud qualities being ob tainable between these extremes in cost ; yet there are fans which reach in price, according to the value or the ar ticle the art work and finish much above the extreme named. Some of the prettiest of the cheap and simple fans are of Kussia leather, greatly improved in beauty and finish, as coinitared with those we have been in the habit of see ing. They are usually mounted on rich dark red silk, the color of the red Kus sia leather, nr ou black silk, either plain or enlivened by lines of gilding, aud are as light as the lightest article of pa- jier and ebony. 1 he fans were very Hipular in Kussia leather are of the semi-circular folding fashion; but they are fashionable still of the round form, of dark red or black silk, SoMcd closely together and slipped in a double flat case covered with the leather. For thvilnui toir dress, there is an infinite variety of painted fans of black, brown, drab and white silk, mouhted on sticks of sandal wood, ebony and ivory. ladiaa Traditlaa. Here is the Ynte account of the crea tion : "In the beginning the earth was covered with mists. You could not see before you. The Great Spirit took his bow aud arrows and shot shot so well that he scattered the mist. The earth became visible to him, but there were no men upon it, Theu he took clay, fashioned a man, and sent him to bake. Man came out white; the fire had not been strong enough. The Great Spirit began his work again, and this time the man came out quite black ; he had re mained too long iu the oven. It was necessary to try a third time. The ex periment at length succeeded, and man came out done to a turn ; he was the redskin, the most perfect of human types." Hla Haoae. "Where is your house?" asked a traveler in the depths of one of the old solemn wildernesses of the great West. "House? I ain't got no house. "Well, where do you live?" "I live in the -woods, sleep on the great government purchase, eat raw bear and w ild turkey, and drink out of the Mississippi.' And he added: "Its getting too thick with folks. You're the second man I've seen within the last month ; and I hear there is a whole fam ily come in about fifty miles down the river, and I am going to put out into the woods again. I aln t fond of too much company." r - Toms' C0LCM. -4 True Jiobin Story. Several years am we were passing the summer in tbe country, when one dav a boy came to onr door, with a young robin to sell. The poor little thing looked so misera ble and helpless, that out of pure com passion, we bouirht the bird, and put it luto a cage to keep it out of the way of cats, iuteuding so soon as it should be able to fly, to let it loose. It was in tbe helpless condition that young birds are.before they can fly, jut-t able to bop about. It are a little, but seemed drooping and melancholy, and no doubt ruissed the "diet of worms," which its parents had luttierto provided for it. After we had had it two or three days, we concluded it would be better to let it takeartying lesson, if itcould, though it had no parent to teach it, and must depend on its own instincts. Accor dingly, the cage, was placed outside upon the lerrice, with door wide open, aud we watched to see what Kobby would do, but almost before lie had time to do anything, what should we see but a large robiu liglitiug upon the terrace at some distance from the rage. and then after some consideration ad vancing cautiously towards it. There seemed to lie some communication be tween the birds, for the little one pres ently hooped out. and then the old one began to fly a very short distance, wait ing for the little oue to come with it, aud then stinting again for another short Hy. Koithy seer .ed verv awkward at first, hut improved perceptibly after a few attempts. We supposed that that was tbe last we should see of hnn, but, when afternoon came, he returned to his cai?-. st ran in- to sav. and the old bird departed. The following day the rage was again placed outside, and the old robin made itsapnearaiice again and gave Uobliy another lesson in rat her Ioiigcrriights,bitt he was not yet able to get as high as the boughs of the trees, and he returned to his cage in the af ternoou. The next dav, and the next the same tiling occurred, the flights be coming longer and Udder. We chris tened the oid bird the Kobiu s aunt, for it was evidently supplying the mother's place, and ought to have Ix-eii a blood relation, if it were not. At last, one bright dav. Lobby s ed ucation being completed. I suppose, he flew away w ith his aunt, and was seen no more, and we could only send our best wishes after hi in and Ins benevo lent protectress. IHtln't Mciih To. John came home very angry. ''Some one left the birrs down," he said, and the cows are gone, lean not find them." 'till dear!" cried Jenny : 'when I came across the lot I forget to put them up alter me : 1 didu t me in to. Sober father had along hunt, and came home very tired. .Next day Jenny was late at school. and had a black mark' "Why were you not in time t asked the teacher. "I stopped a minute to plav with Katie lliown, and I did not think it was so long. 1 didn't mean to lie tardy." 1 hat same week she was ulaviug with the kitten one day. when the Itaby was sitting on the floor. Jenny did not look wlterti she went, and ran against him. so that he fell over, and hurt his head very badly. 11c cried so loud that his mamma came. "How did he get this great bruise T" "1 hurt him," said Jenny : "1 did not mean to tlo it." i'hen her mother told her that this tliilii't umyim , if she let it live, would grow into a great, ugly giant habit, and make a slave of her. So Jenny said she would try very hard to kill it while it- was little ; anil she has grown so careful since then that yon might play with her for a year, and not find out that she w is the very little girl I have told you about. Slti'h lUil. How many lys ami f ii Is know how slelgn bells are made I low do you think the little iron ball gets inside the lx-ll t It is too big to be put thrnngh the holes in the bell. ami yet it is inside. How did it get there f This little iron ball is called the 'jinglct." When you shake the bells it jingles. When the horse trots, the bells jingle, jingle, jingle. In making the bell, this jinglet is put inside a lit tle ball of mud, just the shape of the inside of the hell. Then a mould is made just the shape of the outside of the biH. This mud ball, with the jing let inside, is placed in the mould of the outside, and the melted metal is poured in, whii'h tills -ip il.'e .-pare between the mini ball and 'he mould. When the nuuld is taken off. von see a sleigh bell; out it w;il not ring, as it is full ot ilirr. 1 he hot metal dries the mud that tin ball is made of, so that it ran all be shaken out. After the dirt is all shaken out of the holes in the bell the little iron jinglet will still le in the bell and it will ring all right. It took a good many years to thiuk out how to make a sleigh bell. Sot A CrtuM Hear. In the valley of Tajarron, iu Silieria, two children, one four and the other sir, years old, ram bled away from their friends, who were haymaking. At lust thi-y came to a bear Whig on the grass, and without the slightest fear went np to him. He looked at them steadily without moving At length they began playing with him, and mounted upon his back, which he submitted to with perfect good humor. The parents missing the truauts, were not long in reaching the spot, w hen to their dismay, they beheld one child sitting on the bear's back and tbe other feeding him with fruit. 1 hey called quickly, when the youngsters ran to their friends, and Brnin, apparently not liking the interruption, went into the forest. A lkioHt SilnrrUt. The Hext of Farte. Mamma is In-tler than a good fairy, any day, little folks. Her loving hand and heart shelter you from paiu and trouble. When yon are sn"gly tucked up in bed iu under a uretiy mult, ami fast asleep, she is stitching away on a new dress or jacket for one of her dm lings. 1 he wee ones love her dearly, but years are loo much for the memories of some children. They forget how much they owe to the good fairy mother. After her eves are dim mill with age, she too often sits down in au unwelcome corner, to wait the dawn of a purer life than this, where homes are free and ingratitude docs nut dwell. Little Kind Heart. One cold, stormy morning, a little girl of two years was standiug una elixir near a wiudow, looking at the people who were hurry ing along through the mud and rain There is a poor little dog ; be has no umbrella to keep the rain Ironi wetting his shaggy coat, said her mother. "1 11 lend him mine, mam mi." "But he has no bands ; he cant carry an umbrella." her mother replied, wishing to kuow what her little daughter's active and ever fertile mind would williugly sug gest. "Ill grille him, mamma; I'll get on his back," the little tongue quickly answered. BIlB la 1.1 re. Those persons w ho have attained to eminence iu any vocation of life have followed one' uniform course th:it of hard, earnest work and unwearied ap plication. None are truly happy but those who are busy; for thn only real happiness lies In useful work of some kind, either of the hand or the head, so long as over exertion of either is avoided.' ' - - HEWS 15 ERII7. The squirrels are destroying whole fields of grain in Oregon. In Nebraska more than 12,000,000 forest trees were planted last year The Pennsylvania cranberry crop this season has never been excelled. . A magnificent synagogue is being constructed by the Israelites of Kansas City, Mo. Mr. aud Mrs. Xash constitute the law firm of Xash A Xash, of Colum bia, Me. Hon. Jno. C. Shoemaker has bought the Indianaolis Sentinel and will make it a regular Democratic paper. Middleborough, Man., is at present the resident of Gen. Tom Thumb, and wife, and Miss .Minnie Warren. The Georgia State Fair Is to offer prizes for the best ride-shooting and tbe best drilled military companies. The Connecticut State Prison clear ed 2712 alx.ve its expenses last year. That's ahead of Massachusetts. A sale of short-horns -it Paris, Ky., recently brought in iio.OOO. The highest-priced animal brought X0n4. Karnum has surrendered all hope of poor lMualdson's rescue. When Baruuiu despairs it means something. ''She smoked 400 pipefuls of opium in one day," is the simple legend ou the gravestone ef a woman iu Carson, Xev. Four hundred Mormons are coming back from Salt Lake City this fall b settle in Xauvoo, Illinois, their old nouie. Xew York has l,2i0,0tio inhabitants. But how much better she would he off if she could get rid of one-fourth of them. California's debt to outsiders Is only $7X1,500, anil the I!ulkt;n say for four years of strict economy would be enough to wiM it quite out. It is promised to erect a monument in Fairinount Park, Philadelphia, to the, memory of the late General Thomas Meagher. Congressman Jones is the richest man in Xew Hampshire, and pays a tax three times as large as that of any other man iu Portsmouth. There are only three pa tiers in America now offering premium ch ro oms to siihscri Iters, and they are having a weak time of it. Walt Whitman has been reading from bis own "works" liefore some sort of a society at 'amileii, X.J. Xo deaths are reported as yet. The syndicate has the option till November l."lh to take the remaining $lS,.itM,tNiO of the 5 per cent, loan under the rcriiudiiig act. Among other big things to lie done at the Centennial, a builder agrees to put up a two-story brick house, 24 bv 40 feet, in eiht hours. An immense shirt factory is being erected in San Francisco. Four hun dred jiersons will be employed, half of wuoui win ne .Mongolians. Philologists are bothering their heads to know what "Chicago'' comes from. A more iuiMirtant question would be where it is going to. I he Petroit directory has one thou sand and forty-two more names than it had last year; which shows a very grat ifying increase in the hotel business. The Indianapolis Hrrnht mildly, but firmly, protests against the extrava gance of putting 'two dollars worth of collar on twenty-five cents' worth of dog." Lieutenant Governor Holt, of Mich igan, who attempted to kiss another man's wife, has gone to Europe, but he goes on the same salary that he got iH'iore. The income of the New Y'ork llr- uhl last year was $1,700,000, and the net profits ti00,oi0, all of which went into the pocket of one man, viz : tames Gor don Bennett. A young lady of Boston has been enrolled as honorary member of the tilth .Maryland regiment, and is conse quently more particular than ever about tbe right dress. The Stockholders of the Rutland It. K. are about to institute proceedings to recover possesion of it from the Cen tral ermout K. it. t o. for non-payment of rent. Winchester, Va., which was taken and retaken seventy-two times during the war, will not vary a hnndred in op nlation from the census figures of tweu- ty-nve years ago. The largest farm in the world cov ers the whole county of Kllisin Kansas, and is princially devoted to raising horses and other stock. I he owner is Mr. George Grant. A field of lava fifty mile square has been discovered in Southern I'tab by the geologists of the Wheeler expe dition, and one of 200 square miles In Arizona a ,d New Mexico.- The jury, in the liliel suit of Chris ian Behl against tbe Chicago 77k, has rendered a verdict in favor of the plain tiff, awarding him one cent damages. He had claimed T20,0li0. Major J. D. Ciimstock has been de tailed by the war department to watch the work of Captain Kails in deepening the mouth of the Mississppi and see that the contract is prOierly fulfilled.. S. C. Buckuell, ex-President of the Yale Navy, says Yale made twenty sec onds better practice time than Cornell's racing time He calls defeat "an un lucky combination of circumstan .-est." Mrs. Caldwell, chairmanesa of the Arkansas Woman's Centennial F.xeeti tive Committee, has issued au address calling utmii the women of the State to go to work heartily for the Philadelphia exhibition. The K:nas State Board of Agricul ture have decided not to hold a State lair this year. This decision is made, not liecau.se of inability on the part of tbe State, but because no city can afford a sullii-ieiit subsidy. The manufacturers of Fall River iiave deelined to call a meeting to meet the ojieratiyes' delegates, the latter lie ing composed of parties outride. Each treasurer or agent is willing to consult w ith his ow n 0i-ratives. Georgia has I1S.733 w hites and 175. 343 negroes between the ages of six and eighteen, and its present annual educa tional appropriation is llso,)- Not quite fortv-six cents to each child ! I bis is truly munificent. Indiana veteran soldiers have de cided to hold their grand State reunion on the 14th and 15th day of Octoler, the first day to be devoted to regimeutal re unions, and the second day to a grand parade and set addresses. The address ' of welcome is to be delivered by Gover nor .Morton. An intellectual lady of Salem, Mass. has given her whole mind for several of years to the collection of buttons,. of which she now has a string twenty-four feet long. To perfect this noble life work we should suggest that she make button-boles to match them. South Boston has recntly completed for the iovernment a twelve inch breach loading rifled gun which weighs 82.20 pounds. If it were not for the law against tbe carrying of concealed weap ons, we should like to wear about our elm lies habitually a collide of gnns like that. I : ( 4 ' i i VI: 1 1
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers