FRIDAY.! OCtOBERi 26. 190 , =mum Ind the .==__... ._ • .• -,t • 1. „ N e 1 w - s i. nt!.'' lii . itIMMIM IMMUMIMIUM UU c ub ii ,stoLesm. e ' (3- i".: i 10 Basit(luestioits -= i = • In the interest of an under- E standing of the background for = U.S.-C ub an relations; The E Daily. Colligian ask e d 10 basic = questions concerning Culla to = William I Gray,4:professor of Latin. American history and E directpr of international stu = 'dent affairs. The' questions and • his answers appear below. • • • - , I = Q ny critic of current • 1:1 1 S. Policy toward, Cuba = state that'the position today is = the latest in a series of *heavy ! handed - moves. They cite the = economic field as a chief area. In what Cuban products was = economic Interest first ex- E pressed and when? = A. Cuba 4old munitions, salt, quinine and sugar td the = thirteen colonies during the = American 'revolution. In 1895 = most American sugarcane Et. planters opposed the Cuban = insurrectionists' bid for free al, dom. .1 After World War I, Amencancapital' became pre = dominant in the "Dance of the = Millions" which:Andustrialized . F. the. Cuban! sugar indu§tryl -• I " '• I • I . 'ClCould j this Interest legiti matelp be Called "exploi _ _= talion - if that tern is de fi ned = "to make use 'of.. basely for one's own advantage or prof = it"? If so, what form did the = exploitation take? = A. Most of the profits from Cubarr sugar went overseas E to• Spain, the United States and other , countries., Even !t h e = wealthy Cubans( did not keep = their capital at. horhe to build E . up the .island's economy. = American corporations usually = paid higher wages than did the Ei Cuban landowners, Q. When j did th • United Stales . ; control Cuba and = why? A. Cuba i was governed by U.S. military forces from E. 1898 to 1902 and from 1906 to = 1909. ,Marine or naval Anflu = ence was left in 1912, 1917 and = 193. The purpose was t 6 de: = velop' or 'preserve democratic = constitutional government. = ' . I - I • Q. What 1 resfricticms did the = Platt Amendment place on = The Cuban government? = A. Political and economic re - strictibtis were placed on E Cuba by the Platt Amendment. = The United States could inter = vene to maintain represents= F. five' deniocracy and Cuba = could make no fin'ancial corfi = mitment which might en _ = danger its sovereignty; Q . After' the "Good Neighbor = :Polk*" toward 'Latin F., America went into effect: did = ' the , Unittid Stales become an = economic; good neighbor to F.: Cuba? • =• - • E A. The siuota system under E.:. which Cuba sold most of = its sugar for 2 - cents a pound = more than the' world_ market, rz' made Cuba a better U.S. "eco-I = nomic colony" than before.' = With the aid of 'Americani = tal- and ',technical assistance,' E the Cuban standard of living = was the third highest in Latin, = America. i • , • = 1 • ,o. The ;Milted Stales sup ported Fulgetscio Batista. What freedoms were in 'jeop 51/Ithillllllllllllllllollll/111U1111 THE DAILY.COLLEGIAN. UNIVERSITY PARK. PENNSYLVANIA ardy for Cubans under Batista and why did Batista have 'a -= ;vested inlered jn blocking re- = fonis? !A . Batista's . 1934-44 and 1952- 59 rule was characterized = b y 'a great deal of economic FE and social reform. All political opposition was ruthlessly !crushed and individual free- = 'dorns were .non-existent in his later•years. Economic progress for the ,few was considered E. preferable to politcial chaos by. 'irresponsible leftist lenders. Q., What were initial reactions E. in" the United States when = Fidel Castro overthrew Ba- lista? A. As Castro had promised to: = store constitutional• gov ernment to Cuba, an over whelming part - of the press, = colnmentators an d general public - rejoiced at this ousting Batista. A conservative group = of financiers and diplomats feared-at. the time his promi see s = of land reform and social bet- = ferment for the masses. Q.; Without the sale of sugar = . to the United Stales. Cuba is denied a major source of = revenue: Has the country found a suitable 'outlet for its sugar F. or has the U.S. policy, serious- = ly affected the economy - and the welfare of the average = Cuban? • A. It appears .-that Cuba has = been able to dispOse of its sugar on •the world'. market, largely to .the Sovieti bloc. Its E. loss of dollar exchange has dis rupted former trade and caused = severe shortages of manufac tured goods, replacement parts, E. food and' • medical supplies. Rationing has hurt. Q In this connection, what is F. the status of the Cuban worker now as compared to = that under Batista? A. The deterioration - of Cuba's = economy under a:program of socialization' probably has = left the majority 'of Cuban F.:* workers little better or worse off than under the Batista re gime. A few have better hous es, schools and jobs. A few = have less food, medicil'atten- tion and security. Young ideal- = isle have high hopes. Q. What points in history fa- vor the United States in dealings with Cuba? - A. Geographical propinquity, Spanish culture individual ism. deep-rooted Christianity, = i n t e r-American organization, Fr. recollections of American = generosity, democratic-repre- = sentative political traditions, = family and friendship ties with neighboring republics and ad miration for Uncle Sam will = over-balance in the long run ET: the yankeephobia of a fanati- = cal minority. STORY A member of the Orthodox Party, was talking with a COM- munist as •they watched the traffic. A big black chauffeured sedan with . a well , dressed Ei cigar T smoking Havana- indus trialist in the back' seat rolled by. Said the Ortodojo.:"Some day I'm going to ride in a Cadillac like that." Replied the E. Communist, "Before long- that Zeno* will be walking like . the rest Of . us." Moral? • flMUtir - -- • - s:snsmumnnnnn: Student Self-Help Plan Cited By TONY FOGLIO Lobbying for outside examin ers, wider experimentation of student rating of teachers and nagging of faculty members are three means by which college stu dents can help themselves and their educations, John Fischer, editor of Harper's magazine, said last night. His suggestions were based on his propositions that the student is not getting - his money's worth because the quality of college teaching is rtot high, and pres sures for change must come from "outside the faculties" which are "conservative in regard to chang es" in the present academic sys tem. FISCHER. said that an outside examiner ,systetn, whereby pro fessors from other colleges test students on what they , i have learned 'in a .given course, will result in better teaching than is now given in larger universities and colleges. • He said he hopes.there will be a trend toward smaller institu tions of approximately 1.000 to 3,000 students. In general, he said, ;'The Path to Peace is Virtue." —Juvenal Women's Debate ilad TONIONT AT iming STACIL New College Diner Downtov.n Between the Movies Prkes Slashed on Entire Line Little Girls and Boys Sizes 5-8 r` Little Gents and Growing' Girls 81/2-3 IVIcCROR rs UNIVERSITY PARK PLAZA SHOPPING CENTER - W. HAMILTON AVE. these institutions afford warmer, closer and more rewarding re lationships than larger colleges and universities, A MORE widespread use of a student rating system for teach ers might help in the long run to weed out incompetent instructors and professors, he ,said. • For example, students could be asked to record their impression of teachers' performances at grad uation and one, five and ten years later. He criticized the academic ten ure system, which protects a tehch- Junior Confeises to Shoplifting A 7th term arts and letters student was apprehended yeSter day when he attempted to shop lift an item worth $1.85 from 'll4e- Lanahan's Drug Store, College Avenue and Garner Street. The student. Joseph R. Gon zalez, from Kulpmont. will fined $25 and casts by Justice of the Peace William P. Bell. State College police said Cot assrl Car Wash Saturday, October 27 . 10:30 - 4:00 Behind Wesly foundation Sponsored by Wed)/ Foundation 10 DAYS ONLY ;Smartly Styled Dress Flats usual and Sport Models rific Hon! Sturdy and Stylish SHOES For Girls and Boys -. er from dismissal after a certain number of years, as "almost use less" except in areas such as the South. Originally,-tbe tenure system was "the only safegttard to academic freedom," but it has now deteriorated to "protection and shelter for the incompetent and lazy." FISCHER said students should nag the.r instructors to update their courses and to use fresh approaches. "Teachers get stale" when there is no campaign to keep them abreast of current de velopments; he said. zalez denied the shoplifting at tempt while being questioned in the assistant manager's office. He then attempted to escape and was taken to Borough Hall here he confessed. Gonzalez said he ha to shop hft the item because h only had $3 to spend for the remainder of the term. The item he attempted. to shoplift was to he used at a nutsquerade party, he said. For Misses and Ladies Sizo 4 1 / 2 to 10 -9.56 $2.34 '3.07 '2.34 PAGE THREE Savings 40%
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers