GEN. PERSHING IS WELCOMED HOME GENERAL PERSHING IS BACK HOME AGAIN [Continued From First Page.] ■was ready to cross the river to the great city which wus eager to pay him tribute. Whistles Ix-t IXJOSC A message dropped by a police hydroairplane aboard the Leviathan at daybreak as she aproached the harbor signalized the beginning of the three days' reception to General Pershing by the City of New Yotk. The moment the Leviathan was sighted steamships along her in bound path let loose their and as the former German liner proceeded through the narrows to quarantine the din started by the harbor craft was taken up by sirens throughout the city in a deafening and perhaps the most clamorous welcome ever accorded an American returning to his native land from distinguished foreign service. The messages dropped by the po lice flyer welcomed the General on behalf of the city and were signed by Mayor Hylan and Rodman Wan amaker, chairman of the Mayor's committee of welcome to homecom ing troops. From aboard the city steamer patrol Mayor h[ylan, Gov ernor Smith and other notables greeted the returning soldier on be half of tho city and state, while rel atives of returning doughboys of the hirst Division crowded the decks of municipal ferryboats. Vice-President Marshall welcomed General Persh ing from the destroyer Blukely. 1 i the Vice-President's party were Sec retary Baker, General March, chicl'- of-staff, and other high officials and members of Congress. Busy, Busy Day From the time when tho Levia than arrived at her dock in Ho boken until late to-night, General Pershing's first day at home was filled with receptions, luncheons and concluded with a theater party. The program follows: 8.15 A. M.—Greted by Secre tary Baker. 10 A. M.—Welcomed at City Hall by Mayor Hylan and city officials. Addresses by Mayor Hylan, General Pershing and others. 11 A. M.—Formal procession from City Hall to the Waldorf- Astoria Hotel, where General Pershing will stay while iti the city. 12 Noon—Luncheon at the Waldorf. The afternoon was devoted to informal visits and receptions, tions. 6.30 P. M.—Private dinner at Ritz-Carlton to General Persh ing and staff by Rodman Wan amaker. 8.30 P. M.—Party will attend Hippodrome performance. Relatives Greet llini Miss May Pershing and Mrs. But ler, sisters of General Pershing, from Lincoln, Neb.; Mrs. Paddock, the General's sister-in-law, and his nephew, James Pershing, Jr., nut the commander-in-chief as he lett the Leviathan with his son, War ren Pershing, ten years old, and his brother, James Pershing. General Pershing with his staff will <x*upy the entire third floor of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Waves Cap in Salute The great liner came up to her pier at 8 o'clock and as she was be ing warped into her berth there was a tremendous volley of cheering from the crowd gathered there. General Pershing, smiling in appreciation with head bared, bowed repeatedly in response. Once he forgot his dig nity in his enthusiasm at returning home and waved his cap as he sa luted the happy throng. At the pier were many dignitaries of na tion, State and city, and it was there he was welcomed on behalf of the nation. The First Division's band of 100 pieces on board the ship, tho mem bers of which had served through out all the fighting in which the vet eran unit had been engaged, began playing in'response to the welcom ing strains from the pier and "Hail. Hail, the Gang's All Here," and other airs mingled with the cheers. For three blocks or more back from the river, jubilation could be heard. The Leviathan docked at 8.43. General Pershing stepped ushore at 9.20 o'clock. Waiting for him at the end of the gangplank was Sec retary Baker with hands out stretched. Behind Mr. Baker were Senator Warren, of Wyoming. Gen eral Pershing's father-in-law, and Mrs. Warren with William G. Mc- Adoo, former Secretary of the Treas ury. Back of this little group were General Peyton G. March, chief of staff, a score of generals and mem bers of the Mayor's committee of welcome. Pays Tribute to Men After the first greetings were over, General Pershing made this state ment to the Associated Press: "There isn't anything of conse quence to say in circumstances like these. It is overwhelming, over powering. To say that I'm glad to be home is superfluous. I accept this in the name of the brave fel lows who came over and served to the best of their ability, making our success possible." Secretary Baker then welcomed the commander-in-chief of the ex peditionary forces in behalf of the United States. After expressing his own gratitude for the services of General Pershing, he read a letter from President Wilson telling of his regret at not being able to join in the reception and pay tribute to the returned soldier as commander-in chief of the Army and Navy. Baker Greets Him In welcoming General Pershing, Secretary Baker said: "About two and a half years ago by tho President's direction, I had the honor of designating you to lead the Armies of the United States in France. To-day you return your mission accomplished, with victory written on the banners of the great test Army the nation has ever had and with the priceless foundations of liberty and freedom saved for us and for the world as the result, of our participation in the World War. "The task entrusted to you re ft quired all the imagination, all the energy and all the genius of r great commander. From the first yor. hud the complete confidence of the Presi dent and the Secretary of War. This confidence remained unshaken to the end. the beginning you had * ail the Buport the people of the United States could give. You and your great Army embodied for them their country and their country's cause. They worked with devotion and self sacrifice to sustain and supply you with troops and equip ment. Their heurts went overseas with you and their prayers for your welfare and that of your men were constant. Doubtless the confidence and affection of your fellow citizens were an inspiration to you in the hours of preparation and in the hours of battle and the superb exploits of the Army under your command were In turn an inspiration to our na tional effort. <* Victories Arc Won "The great victories ure now won. Your mugnlllcent Army has returned MONDAY EVENING, CITY ELKS SEND GREETINGS Sept. 7th, 1919. General John- J. Pershing, c-o Elsie Janis, Tarrytown, N. Y. Dear Sir and Brother—Harris burg Lodge of Elks, No. 12, sends greeting und welcomes you home with the thought that you have made each and all of us prouder than ever that we are Elks. This lodge recognizes you as the emancipator of French soil, and believes you have set the pace for all good Elks and Americans. Fraternally yours. A. W. Hartman, Exalted Ruler, Harrisburg Lodge, No. 12, B. P. O. E. and tho soldiers who once marched through the thickest of the Argonne are citizens again, fllled with high memories of great deeds are carry ing into life the inspiration which membership in that great company and sacrifice for that great cause engendered. Your return closes the history of the American expedition ary forces. The had hoped to be here personally to speak on behalf of the nation u word of wel come. In his enforced absence he has directed me to speak it. "I bid you welcome, gratefully, on behalf of the country you have served and on behalf of the people whose sons you have led. The con lidence with which we sent you away you have sacredly kept. Wherever there is a soldier or a friend of a soldier, there is a lover of liberty; wherever there Is a heart which re joices at the deliverance of mankind from its hour of peril you and your great Army are remembered and loved. You return not only to American soil but to the heart of the country. Wilson's Message "The President has directed me to read to you this message: " 'My Dear General Pershing: " 'I am distressed that I cannot greet you in person. It would give me the greatest pleasure to grasp your hand and say to you what is in my heart and in the hearts of all true Americans, a* we hail your re turn to the home land you have served so gallantly. Notwithstanding my physical absence, may I not, as your commander-in-chief and as spokesman of our fellow country men, bid you an affectionate and en thusiastic welcome a welcome warmed with the ardour of genuine affection and deep admiration. You have served the country with fine devotion and admirable efficiency in a warfare ever memorable as the world's triumphant protest against injustice and as its vindication of liberty the liberty of peoples and of nations. " 'We are proud of you and of the men you commanded. No finer Armies ever set their indomitable strength and unconquerable spirit against the forces of wrong. Their glory is the glory of the nation, and it is with a thrill of profound pride that we greet you as their leader and commander. You have just come from the sea and from the care of the men of the Navy who made the accomplishments of our Armies on land possible and who so gallantly assisted to clear the seas of their lurking peril. Our hearts go out to them, too. " 'lt is delightful to see you home again, well and fit for the fatigues you must endure before we are done with our welcome. I will not speak now of our associates on the other side of the sea. It will be delight ful on many occasions to speak their praise. I speak now only of our personal joy that you are at home again and that we have the oppor tunity to make you feel the warmth of our affectionate welcome'." Hamlcd Commission As General Pershing was escorted to the upper deck of the pier, a guard of honor from the First Di vision stood at present arms while a large detail of officers saluted. Along the whole length of the pier there was a double line of soldiers and Welfare Workers who had seen service in France. As the com mander approached there was a fanfare of trumphets. Secretary Baker, who acted as master of ceremonies, escorted Gen eral Pershing to a platform where he welcomed him in behalf of the Nation. At the close of his address Mr. Baker handed to Pershing his permanent commission as a full general in the American Army. The commander bowed his acknowledge ments and then, leaning over the platform, handed the scroll to hie son, Warren, who displayed all a small boy's delight In the proceed ■ ings. Secretary Baker then introduced United States Senator Wadswortli, of New York, who extended the formal welcome of the Senate, and Representative Mondell, majority leader in the House of Representa tives, who spoke for his associates. Mr. McAdoo spoke the welcome of the city of New York and Mrs. F. M. Swacker greeted Pershing in behalf of the Governor of Missouri, his home state. The leader of the Army responded briefly. Overwhelmed With Emotion Gazing proudly upon the soldiers of the First Division, General Persu ing, in response, declared that the affectionate words of greeting over whelmed him with emotion. He was happy to be once again on Amett can soil, he said. The warmth of his reception made him feel, he said, that "if this is to continue I believe that before many days I might wish that the war had not come to an end." Secretary Baker had been gener ous in his compliments. General Pershing said, as to "my part in the war." He declared, however, that "the victory was only won by the united effort of the nation." "The American Army at all times felt," he said, "that it had the resj lute and unanimous support of tho people at home." Morale Never Shaken The General emphasized the achievements of his troops, decla;- ing that "the morale of the men was never for a moment shaken." "All credit is due to those brave fellows who faced without flinching and with but little preparation a well drilled army. It is to them. Mr. Secretary and my friends, to whom we owe the highest tribute for the winning of the war." , Those Who Fell Ttcferrtng tenderly to those who had fallen in battle. General Persh ing said: "Those whom we left behind aie in the hands of an affectionate and grateful people. Their graves will be visited by Americans who go abroad and from these graves new lessons of patriotism will 00 learned." General Pershing, at the close of his remarks, turned to Secreta"y Ifaker and requested h 111 to convey to President Wilson his "sinceie thanks" for the confidence that hud been displayed in h'.m us comman der of the American Expeditionary Force. He also thanked Mr. Bakar for his confidence and the assist ance he hud given him at all times. At the close of the ceremonies at ' the pier, General Pershing and his j party boarded the New York po lice boat patrol and were taken to Manhattan. He lunded at pier A, ! the Battery, at 10.20. i While the greeting given Per j shing all this way up the bay and I at the pier at Hoboken was voci | fereous, it dwindled to insignificance as the patrol boat nosed its way in i to the slip in the shadow of the towering skyscrapers of Lower Broadway. As tho trim little craft was sighted there rose a roar of cheers such as seldom, if ever, had been heard even in New York, haven of distinguished visitors from every corner of the world. Hatter}- .lammed The Battery wall and the park back of it as well as the surround ing streets were jammed with men and women shouting fractically in a frenzy of enthusiasm. As the General stepped ashore a broad Swung into the strains of the "Star Spangled Banner." An escort of mounted police formed a guard of honor and the Commanded entered an automobile with Rodman Wana maker, chairman of the mayor's committee of welcome to be escort ed. to the City HaU where he be came the official guest of the city. As the cuvalcade passed into Broadway it moved between surg ing throngs which packed the side walks on both sides all the syay to City Hall Park, while hundreds of thousands stood in the street, tens of thousands more clamored their greetings from the great buildings which lined the way. Streamers of red, white and blue ribbons were hurled from building to building and from the windows came a storm of confetti which quickly covered the pavement. Itcmaiiis at Salute When General. Pershing stepped into the automobile he seated him self as if for a comfortable ride. He was, not prepared, however, for the unprecedented ovation which was given him. As the cheers rose into a continuous roar, he rose and sa luted and sat down again. But he quickly found that this would not do unless he was to appear deaf. Only a few blocks had been traversed when he stood in the car and remained at salute. Finally, however, he seemd carried away with the enthusiasm of those who wero greeting him and himself waved his cap around his head. He kept it waving until the historic City Hall was sighted. So dense was the crowd whic4i filled the park, surrounding the building and spread far out into the side streets that the police reserves had difficulty in forcing a pathway for the General's car and for those which followed. When the Comman der started up tho steps to the Al dermanie chamber the cheering be came an almost deafening thun der. Half way up the broad stone flight, Pershing turned and stood for a few minutes at salute gazing otu over the broad expanse of up turned faces. He entered the City Hall at 10.45. Only Wears llibbon General Pershing, although en titled to wear four service chevrons for two years' service abroad,several campaign ribbons and the insigna of a number of foreign decorations, came back wearing only the red, white and blue ribbon of the Dis tinguished Service Medal on the left breast of his regulation uniform. Members of his staff who have been with him at all the European victory reviews and the various ceremonies at which he has received foreign decorations, stated that to day for the first time he showed visible emotion. His voice trem bled as he voiced his- appreciation of the welcome given him. He re plied to the welcoming addresses by declaring that the "personal compliments received are far great er than my humble services de serve." Pride in Army "It would be very difficult for me to describe the emotion and the pride in my heart on this occasion," he said. "My emotion on return ing home, emphasized by the cor diality of the reception you have ac corded mo, is mingled with pride for the qualities of the great Amer ican Army which it was my fortune to command. "The circumstances that prompt your welcome to me were founded on foreign fields of honor where those brave American men fought for the undying principles of right and justice for mankind. "Our young American Army was heartened and cheered to its task as it passed through your gates to fulfill its great mission. Your cheers added new courage to its task. And when those men came home the welcome you gave them helps them feel well repaid for their sacrifices. "New York city's part in the war was great. She sent forth her gal lant sons and her citizens contribut ed generously to the funds required to carry forward the heroic work. "The whole country relief upon New York city for funds to main tain its war machinery, to give its sons those comforts which they needed, for the raising of the Lib erty Loans to carry on the ex pensive operations of the war. "New York city's gratitude has been taken abroad for the gratltfide of the entire country. Out of your confidence and patriotism and sup port has grown up.a deep affection which will make for better citizen ship in the hearts of those who have grown to love you. "I can only say to the people of New York city—thank you, from the bottom of my heart, for my self, and for those whom I hold dear." Secretary of War Baker, Gover nor Smith and former Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo. stood smiling throughout the City Hall reception. Cheers echoed and re echoed through the corridors dur ing the brief speeches of the mayor and the chairman of the city's com mittee of welcome. Goes to Hotel During the General's short ad dress, not a sound was heard. He delivered it simply and not until he had uttered the final word did the cheering break out again. After the exercises at the City Hall, General Pershing and his party rode through cheering throngs to the Waldorf-Astoria, where he will be the city's guest in a ten room suite while he remains In New York. Appropriately the Com mander rode up Lafayette street to Union Square past a statue of the heroic champion of the American colonies. General Pershing rose and saluted as his car swept by re calling to those who were with him. his historic words, "Lafayette, we are here"—as he placed a wreath upon the monument in Pichius Cemetery in Paris. Preceded by the clattering mount ed police, the procession moved up Fifth avenue to the hotel about which there was another surging crowd. General Pershing arrived there at 11.40 and went lmmedlate- ftJLRJRJHBUFia TKJLJfXiKAPg ly to his rooms, accompanied by Secretary Baker and his staff. Font-lit to llold Kank When Congress conferred the per manent rank of general upon John J. Pershing he became the fourth man to hold that coveted title in the Army of the United States. The other three were Grant, Sheridan and Sherman. As the central American figure in the World War, with the single exception of President Wilson, so much has been written übout Per shing and his life and history are so fresh in the public mind that it is difficult to tell the average Amer ican anything new about the man who commanded the great Army on the battlefield of Europe. speak of his rise to a position of great military importance in world annals, they refer to a story quite commonly told of Charles M. Schwab, the ironmaster, who is said to have remarked to his old Scotch gardener, a friend of his childhood: "You never expected to see me in this place, did you ?" And the gardener is said to have replied: "You never expected it yourself." Captain at Forty As late as the time of the Russia- Japanese >ar in 1904, Pershing, over 40, still was a captain in the Regular Army. His associates say he never grumbled, but always kept plugging at his job. Reams and reams have been written about how he took a prominent part in the pacification of the Phillipine Islands and how President Roosevelt made him a brigadier general Jumping him over the heads of exactly 802 other men who were senior to him on the service roll. When Pershing took the punitive expedition to Mexico after the ban dit Villa, he became the only living officer in the American army who had commanded any body of troops so large as a brigade in anything ap proaching action. It is true that the late General Funston command ed more than a brigade on the Vera Cruz expedition but Funston's troops never got into action. I'llll Share of Service From the time Pershing grad uated from West Point in 1886 he had his full share of active and valuable service in the Army. Like his classmates he immediately was plunged into the Indian Wars. He entered a campaign against the great Apache chief Geronimo who for many years had kept the great southwestern country almost closed to immigration by his skill and bravery. It was in those cam paigns that many young Amer ican Army officers received that special training evolved in combat with the wily savages which proved of peculiar value in certain phases of the highly scientific modern war fare in France and Belgium. Thev were taught the art of scouting, of trailing and of perfect self-reliance in the school beyond the ken of an ,j European soldier and many a midnight raid by the Americans in to No Man's Land doubtless found its inception and clever execution in the brain of one of these one time Indian fighters of Pershing's type. It is recorded officially of Per shing that at the beginning of his career, for instance, he was com plimented by General Miles, his commander-in-chief in the Geroni mo campaigns, for "marching his troops with pack train, over rough country, 140 miles in 46 hours, bringing in every animal and man in good condition." Until he reach ed rank Pershing always was a cavalry officer and the records of the War Department show more than one honorable mention for his conduct during his ten year's serv ice in the Department of Arizona. In the Spanish War as an officer of the Tenth Cavalry he was promot ed for gallantry at the battle of El Caney to be a major in the volun teer army and after a short detail in Washington in the Bureau of Insular Affairs was sent out to the Philippines as adjutant-general of the Department of Mindanao and Jolo. Brilliant Fighter That was the turning point in Pershing's career. He began to take his profession of arms more seri ously and to display the powers of concentration upon difficult prob lems that stood him In good stead in the great campaigns that were to follow in Europe. Attracted by his earnestness and soldierly qualities, General Leonard Wood, who was his superior officer at the time, se lected Pershing to organize and con duct a campaign against the Moros who for centuries had successfully resisted all attempts of the Span ish army to subjugate them. Up to that point something of a parallel may be found in the ca reers of Wood and Pershing. Each had made brilliant reputations as Indian fighters and each had been picked by President Roosevelt for extraordinary promotion because of their high promise of military abil ity. Roosevelt had made Wood a brigadier general in 1901 and he made Perahlng, then a captain, a brigadier general in 1906 to the absolute consternation of the old line of the Army because it involved the jumping" of both officers over many hundreds of their seniors. Pershing justified the confidence that Wood had imposed in him in his Moro campaign. There was a Sultan of Bacalod with unknown thousands of followers intrenched in the marshes and mountains of the tropical islands behind heavy forts of palm wood, logs and giant creepers and thorn bushes woven into what was supposed to be im pregnable defenses. Pershing made a study of the condition and so well had he organized his little force consisting of a battalion of Infantry, a squadron of cavalry and a section of artillery that in two days the Moro's strongholds were cleared out and the Island of Mindanao was soon placed under Pershing's mili tary governorship. Tragedy of His Ufc When he returned homo in 1914 he was given but a short rest In San Francisco. Trouble began on the Mexican border and he wns sent there in command of the Eighth Brigade, charged with the special duty of running down or driving off Villa. His expedition penetrated many miles into Mexico and Army officers believed that the ultimate capture of Villa was prevented only hy recall orders from Washington where the authorities decided that they were unwilling to continue a military policy Boemlng certain to Involve the United States in regular war with Mexico, When Perßhing was chosen to command the American forces in France, he took with him many of the browned and hardened veterans of his Mexican campaign and these men formed the nucleus of the fa mous First division of the American Expeditionary Force, PLAN FOR WINTER At a meeting to-night of the Hlck-A-Tlirlft Class and Class Club of the Pine Street Presbyterian Church and Sunday school, plans for the fall and winter will be dis cuaaed. RESERVATIONS TAKEN UP BY WILSON WILSON DISCUSSES RESERVATIONS [Continued from First Page.] Central Presbyterian Church, and in the afternoon went for an auto mobile ride. Enjoys the Trip Tho President seemed to enjoy the ride immensely. On the way a smaller car turned into the ditch within sight of the Presidential party and Mr. Wilson ordered his driver to stop and inquire whether anyone was hurt. He was assured that all those in the car had escaped injury. Dr. Grayson, the President's phy sician, said Mr. Wilson had been much refreshed by his Sunday in Des Moines and was in good trim for the strenuous week before him. He said he would urge, however, that the President make few rear platform speeches along the way. With the exception of Tuesday, virtually all of which will be (pent in St. Paul and Minneapolis, and and Saturday, when the President will be InTacoma and Seattle, Wash., the Presidential special will be ul most continuously on tho go. Declares Wilson Pounding on Stone Wall Trying For Unchanged Ratification Chicago, Sept. 8. ln a state ment issued here Will H. Hays, chairman of the Republican Na tional Committee, declared that President Wilson was pounding against a stonewall in attempting to have the peace treaty ratified without reservations. Chairman Hays' statement said: "I agree with President Wilson that the treaty will be ratified, but the ratification will lie accompanied by reservations udsolutcly safe guarding the full Independence and freedom of action of this republic. That is the simple fact which the President may as vdell recognize first as last. At present he is only pounding against a stone wall of patriotism which has already be come impregnable and is daily in creasing in width, strength and height. The committee reservation constitute the irreducible minimum of the requirements of a substantial majority of senators who cannot be coerced or cajoled into violating their oaths of office to hold America first. There is no partnership in their position. True, every Repub lican senator without exception stands with the committee, but be cause he is an American—not be cause he Ih U Republican. I sin cerely believe further that an actual mapority of the Democratic sena tors feel the same way and evi dences multiply daily that when the time comes a considerable number will vote the same way. "It is for the President to deter mine when the test shall be made. Tho treaty will be reported out this week and a vote can be had as soon as it can be reached under the rules unless it is delayed by senators act ing under the direction of the Presi dent himself. It is simply now up to the administration to decide whether it will or will not accept at once these essential guarantees of American independence which will unquestionably be promptly ac cepted by the other nations. It Is imperative that this matter be set tled right. It ought, by all means, to be settled promply. The full re .sponsibility for uny delay will rest upon the President and him alone." i People's Candidates of the Republican Party . T , COUNTY OFFICERS f J EDWARD F. DOEHNE JOSHUA E. RUTHERFORD 1 a District Attorney County Treasurer i f FRANK M. SHADEL ) £ LOCKWOOD B. WORDEN DAVID GORDON ( # Recorder of Deeds and Clerk Connty Commissioners / I of the Orphans, coort T. G. GEORGE (Full Term) i HENRY D. KOONS LANE RUBENDALL ( sheriff (Full Term) / I CARL B. SHELLEY I Register of Wills Poor Directors t | ' ( Harrisburg, Pa., September 8, 1919. f Fellow Republicans: iWe are on the eve of a Primary Election, at which the Republican voters of this county are to I decide whether the "bosses" or the people shall hereafter rule. ( For some years the so-called leaders of the party have been arbitrarily deciding who shall fill ) the County Offices without ever consulting the wishes of the members of the party, and the result has been that the machine has degenerated into an instrument of oppression in the hands of .1 a selfish group of party bosses, and the result of thiir conduct will sooner or later land us on the ( rocks. i At the coming Primary, to be held on the 16th inst., these "bosses" have again selected a full set of candidates, and they will ask you to ratify their selections. The methods they have been f accustomed to resorting to are altogether unfair, un-American and against the best traditions of ( the Republican Party, which was conceived in the spirit of liberty and born in an atmosphere of / freedom. Against the spirit of the Primary Election Law, the Officers of the County Commit- / tee have been using the party machine to collect huge sums of money, and to disburse the funds ( collected, only in the interests of their slated candidates, and this, in spite of the fact that a Justice of the Supreme Court of this State has said that there can be no such thing as a County Committee h previous to the Primary, and declared further "that it was the duty of the County Committee not ? to act until the ticket has been nominated," and to use all honorable means to bring about the elec" y tion of the party candidates. f 1/ Arrayed against the slate of the "bosses" is a full set of candidates, whose names and the offices t for which they are candidates appear above. These candidates are all good Republicans at least i as good Republicans as those who have been slated by the bosses. • ( It is on behalf of these candidates that we appeal to you, Fellow Republicans, to cast your bal- (; lot at the coming Priniary, and thereby set your stamp of disapproval upon the selfish conduct of the bosses, thereby furthering the interests of the Party which we all love and in the success of i which we are all greatly interested. Vi L h Very truly yours, * f *" s " CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE SEPTEMBER 8, 1919, ' LEAGUE OPPONENTS TO TURN GUNS ON WILSON Concerted. Counter Attack Will Be Reply to Assaults Being Made in West Washington, Sept. 8. —■ The bat-, teries of the forces opposed to the League of Nations Covenant in the Senate will be turned loose this week in a concerted counterattack upon President Wilson, in reply to lils assaults upon them in his trip through the West. Both in the Senate and on the stump Republican foes of the League will tight back at the Executive. Before the week is over the Treaty with Germany will be reported out to the Senate from the Foreign Rela tions Committee and the last stage of deliberation upon it will be reached. Senator Lodge, chairman of the committee, has nearly finished the majority report, which will cover the four dirdct amendments and the four reservations adopted last week. The mlnortty report, dissenting from tho amendments and reserva tions and urging ratification of the Treaty without change, as demanded by the President, will be written by Senator Hitchcock, ranking Demo cratic member of the committee, in co-operation with Senators Swanson, of Virginia, and Williams, of Miss issippi. The two reports will be ready, ac cording to the belief to-day by Thursday at the latest, the Treaty being reported on that day. Then will ensue debate upon the reserva tions and amendments, and this is expected to run on for some six weeks, if not considerably longer. Leaders in both parties in the upper body agree that the linal vote on ratification can hardly be reached before November 1. Plans of Minority Leaders In their minority report, the Democratic Senators will insist that the peace of the world demands im mediate ratification of the Treaty, without any changes that would en tail recommitting it to Paris. The entire reconstruction work of this country, and of the whole world, the Administration Senators will argue, must await disposition of the Treaty. They will point out that, without America in the League of Nations, the whole fabric of world peace wlli be endangered. While the .majority of Administra tion Senators are disposed to believe that interpretative reservations at least will have to be adopted, to satisfy the critics of the Treaty, there will be no mention of them, it is said, in the report of the com mittee minority. The fight of the Administration forces will be made on the clear-cut issue of accepting the Treaty without change. If any compromise is found, later on, to be necessary, they will consider what concessions must be given. In the meantime, sentiment among the Republican majority is to be worked upon by the Democratic leaders. The Republican leaders in sist that they will come to no com promise on interpretative reserva tions and the indications are now that they undoubtedly will have a majority of votes to put through reservations as a part of the rati fying resolution. Interpretative res ervations, the Republican leaders say, will never satisfy the majority of the Senate. Sec Democratic Defection The defection of six Democrats and possibly nine from the Adminis tration camp, who will align them selves for reservations along the line of those adopted by the committee, gives renewed confidence to the Re publican leaders that their fight will be won. They do not fear, they say, that the mild reservatlonlsts will desert the camp of opposition. The mild reservationlsts, themselves, ap pear, by their expression of opinion, to bear this prophecy out. Only Forty Democrats Only forty Democrats have been counted upon to support the Peacft Treaty since that document was lirst submitted to the Senate. This was disclosed to-day by some of the Democratic leaders, who are striving to minimize the importance of reveuled Democratic defections from the President's forces. Seven Democrats have been known by the leaders to be against the Treaty, but so long as they made no announcement of their opposition nothing was said about it and the pretense had been maintained in the Senate and at the "White Houde that with the exception of Senators Gore and Reed, the Democrats were united in their defense of the Presi dent's program. The discussion throws additional light upon the President's trip, and some of his utterances. The President is making his ap peals directly to the constituents of Itepublican Senators. He knows he cannot persuade the dissattsfled Democrats to return to their alleg iance, and his sole hope for the ratt ttcatlon of the Treaty unchanged rests upon the possibility of gain ing some Republican convert. How hopeless a task this is the President knew before he left Wash ington, and because he knew he in structed Senutor Hitchcock to enter into negotiations with the mild reservationists upon the Republican side, lpoklng to an agreement upon a program of Treaty changes that would be less drastic than that pro posed by the Foreign Relations Com mittee. Misstatements ly Wilson From the standpoint of all Sen ators opposed to the surrender of American independence the Presi dent is making statements in the west which arc not in strict accord with his knowledge of conditions here in Washington, Just as his spokesmen in the Senate have been issuing statements which have not been based upon known facts. The President's speeches are, therefore, being more severely criticised by Senators than they would be, if it were thought that the President's knowledge ?.•* the situa tion were deficient or that he had been misled by Senator Hitchicock, Swanson and others of his advisers. Wilson's Criticism Challenged Some of the President's state ments respecting the effect of the Treaty will be challenged in the Sen ate. One of these made yesterday concerns the effect upon the Armen ians of delay in ratification. Un less the President already has prom ised that the United States will ac cept a mandatory for Armenia it is impossible to see how the Senate debate Is adding to the hardships of the Armenians. The actual settlement of the Armenian question is provided, not by the Treaty with Germany, which the President is discussing, but by the Treaty with Turkey. He hae re fused to give the Senate any In formation respecting this Treaty upon the ground that it is still being negotiated. The belief in the Senate is that the President has agreed that the United States will accept a manda tory for Armenia, and undertake its Government. Predicts Spread of Bolshevism if the Peace Treaty Fails New York, Sept. &. —Renewed Bojshcvik efforts throughout Europe which will spread to America; fur ther chaos among the newer nation alities abroad; starvation for mil lions of persons in Europe during the coming winter, and the probable forcing of this country to enter the League of Nations as a novitiate, "hand in hand with Germany," will result if the United States Senate continues to delay ratification of the proposed Peace Treaty without change, Thomas W. Lamont, of J. P. Morgan & Co., predicted in a state ment issued here tonight. Mr. Lamont, who spent five months abroad with the American Peace Commission, serving as a member of the Supreme Economic Council, . the Inter-Allied Commis sion and as one of the financial ad visers to the United States delega tion, asserted that "the whole world Is crying for peace, for a chance to renew its normal life and work." He added that this country, "by con tinued inaction, refuses to grant her consent to the settlements neces sary." Since it became evident to thf commercial world that the action o' the Senate migh result in the nul lification of the Treaty, there ha"* been an "alarming fall in the rate of foreign exchange," Mr. Lamor.l said. Calls Wilson's Treaty Speeches Vapors of Anger Akron, 0., Sept. B.—Preside!.' Wilson, in his defense before th country of the League of Nation Covenant, "is mistaking the vision of ambition for the inspiration < idealism," Senator Reed, Democrn'- jof Missouri, declared at a ma. i j meeting here yesterday. The Mi:, I souri Senator asserted that in M: | Wilson's utterances "the calm 01 | looker will recognize only the vaj' I ors of anger and the intcmpera> autocracy manifest at opposition." If a citizen refuses to repudiat the policies under which this couii try "has become great," declare! Senator Reed, he is "denounced t. . pygmy-minded." "The President marshals h syllogisis as a general marshals tl> battalions of his army," snid tl- Mlssouri Senator. "They move fo ward in logical phalanx, but his so' | diers are epithets, his battalions ag [ gregations of evil names and h . army an assemblage of denunciu | tory epigrams. While the President "talks mue-' of the duty of sacrifice," he ride "at government expense on specu trains, lives "in the palaces fc princes" and accepts presents froj ■ foreign diplomats "worth hundred* of thousands of dollars," said Sena tor Reed. The "sacrifices," he added are to be made by "American bo> v to perish in the snows of Siberia o to die beneath the suns of the equa • tor." 9
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers