U. S. TURNS WITH GRAVE EXPECTANCY TO GERMANY [Continued From First Page] Berlin, the ambassador urged that something be done immediately. No appointment for another confer ence with Secretary Lansing has been made by the ambassador and it is believed ho will not call again until the German Government liud acted upon or at least replied to the Ameri can demands. While declining to dis cuss the situation the ambassador clearly indicated he considered it haz ardous to indulge in speculation, lie was with the Secretary twenty-five minutes. He neither left or received any communication. Congress assembled to-day im pressed with the deep significance of the President's action. The dispas sionate words in which Mr. Wilson v-, sterday told a joint session of the House and Senate of his purpose took on a fuller force of meaning when publication of the note to Germany almost identical with the address In outline and phrase, revealed in what unmistakable terms the American Government had declared itself. Count von Bernstorff, optimistic throughout the long negotiations that have approached a crisis, though less nearly, several times before, was hope ful that his government would find a way to prevent, a break in relations. I.ast night he sent a long message to Berlin, said to recommend that some such assurances as were given regard ing submarine operations in the Medi terranean should now be thrown around all submarine operations. Senate Silent Senator Kern, majority leader In the Senate, said at the White House to-day he believed there was a gen GERMAN NEWSPAPERS ACCEPTANCE Press of United Slates Regrets That Wilson Did Not Take His Firm Stand at Beginning of War German newspapers, according to cablegrams received to-day. are al most unanimous in advising Germany against an acceptance of the American ultimatum. Even in this country the German Herald, of Denver, while re fraining from comment upon the situation begs Congress to intervene and save the nation from war. The Illinois Staats Zeitung sees nothing to tarnish the country's honor in with drawing from the present situation and says that America and America alone can lengthen the horrors of the war. On the other hand the Staats Zeitung of New York says in case of war with Germany "we would, one and all, practice the loyalty which >iur country has the right to expect and which it would always receive:" speaking thus for Americans of Ger man birth or German descent. Regret I .ale Stand / Many of the newspapers of the United States regret that the Presi dent did not take his firm stand as outlined yesterday at the beginning of the war and most of them express the belief that had he done so the present situation would have been saved. Almost in so many words they agree with Colonel Roosevelt's view that the ultimatum should have been issued at the beginning of hostilities. Says the Philadelphia Press, Republi can: "Congress should loyally co operate with him and push the pro gram of preparedness with quickened zeal." and looks pessimistically to ward a peaceful outcome of the pres ent situation. The Philadelphia Public Ledger, independent Republican says: "The decision rests with Germany, not with the United States. The consequences of persisting in savagery lie with her, not with us. That is made plain in the note addressed to the German Foreign Office, which says substantial ly what was said In the address to Congress. It may be that the Gov ernment at Berlin will withdraw at the last moment from the perilous course it has been pursuing. Whether it does or does not, there is no need to vindicate the President's position. The United States has no wish for war with any nation: there will be no war unless Germany is determined to provoke it. But it would be false to itself and to all the world if it longer endured war in the name of peace. It must be ready to face whatever the future may bring with out fear, without reproach, secure in its own integrity and unselfishness of motive. The account with Germany has been running many months: the items reach a staggering total. It is now closed. Nothing is left but settle ment in full." Sun Criticises Mann The New York Sun. criticising ad versely the speech of Congressman Mann, Republican, in the House yes terday accusing the President of playing politics, says: "Nobody here who knows the ways of narrow partisanship will assume that Mr. Mann represents patriotic Republican sentiment; Germany may believe that he is speaking for a great and powerful party. How re freshing in contrast with this ignoble demonstration is the language of our extremely pro-German neighbor the Staats Zeitung. which declared yes terday, in behalf of the real Amer icans of German nativity or descent, that if the stupendous misfortune of war should be brought upon this republic by the action of Congress, we would, one and all, pra'ctise the loyalty which our country has the right to expect and which it would What Dyspeptics Should Eat "indigestion and practically all forms of stomach trouble are, nine times out of ten, due to acidity; there fore stomach sufferers should, when ever possible, avoid eating food that is acid in its nature or which by chemical action in the stomach develops acidity. Those sufferers who have been obliged to exclude from their diet all starchy, sweet or fatty food, and are trying to keep up a miserable existence on gluten products, should try a meal of any food or foods In moderate amount, taking immediately afterwards a tea spoonful of bisurated magnesia in a little hot or cold water. This will j.cutralize any excess acid which may be present, or which may be formed, and instead of the usual feeling of uneasiness and fullness, you will find that your food agrees with you per fectly. Bisurated magnesia is doubt loss the best food corrective and ant acid known. Tt has no direct action on the stomach; but by neutralizing the acidity of the food contents, and 4 bus removing the source of the acid irritation which Inflames the delicate stomach lining, it does more than could poslbly be done by any drug or medicine. Do not dose an Inflamed and irritated stomach with drugs but get rid of the acid—the cause of all the trouble. Get a little bisurated magnesia from your druggist, eat what you want at your next meal, take of the bisurated magnesia as di rected above, and note remarkable re sults. THURSDAY EVENING, eral disposition in the Senate not to discuss President Wilson's address on the note to Germany. Discussion, he said, could do no good and might do harm, lie added that no action on the part of Congress was called for and he did not expect that any would be taken. Secretary Lansing said early to-day Ambassador Gerard had not up to that time notified the department of the receipt of the American note, al though press dispatches announced its arrival last evening. Neither had Mr. Gerard reported having received from the German Foreign Office another memorandum on the Sussex case, as reported in press dispatches. Consuls May Stay Whether all German consuls and consular agents would be dismissed and such American consular repre sentatives in Germany recalled, in case diplomatic relations are severed, was discussed by State Department officials. It was stated that a rupture would not necessarily extend to con suls, although diplomatic custom gen erally included such officials. Explaining the expression in the United States note regarding severing relations "altogether," It was official ly stated that the word was used to add emphasis to the note and also, indicate this government's Intention to make any break complete by the recall of its ambassador and consuls and request the recall of Germany's diplomatic and consular officials. It was said that in some diplomatic breaches, the nation taking the initiative had recalled its ambassadors without dismissing the'foreign envoy accredited to it, but it was understood that it a break occurs with Germany both Ambassadors Bernstorff and Gerard undoubtedly would be affected. receive. Their country is America." "If he will only stick to it—if he will only back it up the American people will back him up to the last hour of his administration," is the way the New York Press puts it, and somewhat in the same tenor the New York Tribune concludes a lengthy dis cussion, in which it speaks none too llatteringly of the numerous notes of the Wilson administration, thus: "Our Issue with Germany can be settled now—only by a display of determina tion backed by force. And it should have been settled that way without parley or faltering, as soon as it be came clear last August that Germany never intended to respond to Mr. Wil son's words with an adequate offer of reparation for the Uusitania mas sacre." The New York Commercial sees that the President will lie criticised for procrastination but thinks he was acting for the best, as does the World, while the Times believes the German people would sympathize witti us, saying: "We cannot believe (hat Holland or Switzerland would have borne what we have put up with, wrongs that we have met with no measures sterner than those of protest and remon strance because of the heart's wish of the American people that we should be at peace with Germany. L,et the German people know all that, let them understand our feeling, let them read the address of the President to Con gress, read the note we have de livered in Berlin * » * the heart, of the German nation would respond to the heart of the American people, and the assurance of unbroken peace, of undisturbed friendship with the United States would compensate Ger many a thousandfold I'or any sacrifice she might make in abandoning sub marine warfare upon ships of com merce.' U. S. GRAVELY AGAITING REPLY [Continued From First Page] on their rapid four hundred - mile drive from Columbus to Parral. A dispatch from Chihuahua to-day says that the Parral district is quiet and that Villa has passed far south in Durango, many miles from the nearest American column now rest ing at a point near Parral. Wagon Trains Start on Shorter Route to Chief Army Base in Mexico Columbus, N. M. f April 20. A wagon train laden with supplies started into Mexico from here to-day over a new route to Colonia Dublan which will save approximately (de leted) miles. Military authorities said that the road through the Boca Grande and Espia, which has been used since the start of the expedition has become so rutted by heavy travel as to make the breaking in of a new road essential. This was taken as an indication that officials here have no confirmation of current rumors that the base is to be moved from Colum bus to Presidio, Texas. Unofficial reports seeping over the border to-day indicated that the pur suit of Villa was yet at a standstill and it is believed here that no new move would be made in the campaign until after the return to Washington of General Hugh L. Scott, chief of staff, from his consultation at San Antonio with General Frederick Fun ston. Attention among military men here temporarily was deflected from the Mexican situation to the German situation. Mining Superintendent Strengthens Belief That Bandit Chief Is Dead By Associated Press El Paso, Texas, April 20. The growing belief that Francisco Villa is dead, whether or not his body lias been recovered, was strengthened to day by messages received by American mining concerns here from their agent 8 at Cuslhutriachic, Parral, Santa Barbara and Guerrero. All of these messages agreed that the report of Villa's death was com mon among the peons in Northern Chihuahua and was generally accepted as true. One very circumstantial story sent to the head of a mining concern operating in the Guerrero district by his Mexican superintend ent, was positive that Villa had been buried in the neighborhood of San Francisco Bor.ia, the hamlet where the grave of the bandit has been re ported found. His story gave a num ber of details regarding Villa's death, but It was discounted by the fact that it related to the alleged murder of an American woman by the bandit just prior to his death. As oil American women who have been in Northern Chihuahua during the past year have been accounted for, little credence was given to this feature of the story. j FINALWORDTO GERMANY DEMANDS j WAR CEASE OR RELATIONS WILL BE BROKEN Washington, April 19. ;; Following is the full text of President Wilson's note to Germany: i You srr Instructed to drllTpr to the Secretary of Foreign Affairs a communication reading na follow*! I did not fall to transmit immediately, by telegraph, to my Government your Rxcelleney'a note of the 10th Instant In regard to certain attacks by German submarines, and particularly In regard to the disastrous explosion which on March 24 Inst wrecked the French steamship Sussex In the Rniclish Channel. I have now the honor to deliver, under Instructions from my Government, the following reply to your Excellencyi INFORMATION now in the possession of the Government of nnd has long been established, with the approval and by the ex the United States fully establishes the facts in the case of press ass * nt of a " civlllzed nations, the Sussex, and the inferences which my Government has Promise of Precautions Not Fulfilled drawn from that information it regards as confirmed by the cir- The Imperial Government, notwithstanding, persisted in carrying cum stances set forth in vnttr Fxrellenev'« nnte nf the 10th °u l the Policy announced, expressing the hope that the dangers Involved, n cumsidncts set lortll in your r„xceiienc> S note Ot tllC lUllt at any rate to neutral vessels, would be reduced to a minimum by the , instant. .On the 24th of March, 1916, at about 2.50 o'clock Ul instructions which it had issued to the commanders of its submarines, thp A fternnnn the cte-iinpr <SIICCPV ivitli more and assu ring the Government of the United States that it would take me aiternoon, the unarmed steamer Sussex, with Sjs or more every possible precaution, both to respect the rights of neutrals and to passengers on board, among whom were a number of American safeguard the lives of noncombatants. :• *«""'• while crossing from Folkestone to Z Dieppe. Ihe Sussex had never been armed; was a vessel the solemn protest of the Government of the United states, the eom ; known to be habitually used only for the conveyance of pas- 'nrnoUcel o nVr»ih7l pcrl , al , Gov f, rnmen t;a undersea vessels have carried on ; . . r- i- i /-L i i rii • practices of ruthless destruction, which have made it more and more ; sengers across the English Channel, and was not following evident, as the months have gone by, that tlie Imperial Government lias " the route taken by troop ships or supply ships. About 80 of '"it" 11 *" v sm ' h rcs,ralll,s 11,)011 tl,cm M " 1,1,(1 her passengers, noncombatants of all ages and sexes, including Again and again the Imperial Government has given its solemn '' citizens of the United States, were killed or injured. assurances to the Government of the United States that at least passen- I V ' « er ships would not be thus dealt with, and yet it has repeatedly per- ; The Sussex Torpedoed by a German Submarine Entire immmlfv ra6 i commandpr " to disregard those assurances with a c i j . , j i . .• , • .... enure impunity. As recently as February last it gave notice that it A careful, detailed and scrupulously impartial investigation would regard all armed merchantmen owned by its enemies as part of bv naval and military officers of the United States has con- n *Y al forces of its adversaries, and deal with them as with riiiciv.l,, ii • u jlufiiUiit-o - i j j men-of-war, thus, at least by implication, pledging Itself to give warn clusively established the fact that the Sussex was torpedoed ing to vessels which were not armed, and to accord security of life to ; without warning or summons to surrender and that the torpedo their passengers and crews; but even this limitation their submarine Ki, ° r commanders have recklessly ignored. by which she was Struck was of German manufacture. Vessels of neutral ownership, even vessels of neutral ownership f 1 " 0 * 11 neutral port to neutral port, have been destroyed along " In the view of the Government of the United States, these facts with vessels of belligerent ownership in constantly increasing numbers, from the first made the conclusion that the torpedo was fired by a Ger- Sometimes the merchantmen attacked have been warned and sum -111 an submarine unavoidable. It now considers that conclusion sub- moned to surrender before being fired on or torpedoed; sometimes their stantiated by the statements of your Excellency's note. A full state- passengers and crews have been vouchsafed the poor security of being ment of the facts upon which the Government of the United States has allowed to take to the ship's boats before the ship was sent to the bot based its conclusion Is inclosed. torn. But again and again no warning has been given, no escape even The Government of the United States, after having given careful to the ship's boats allowed to those on board. Great liners like the consideration to the note of the Imperial Government of the 10th of Uusitanla and Arabic and mere passenger boats like the Sussex have !! April, regrets to ( state that the impression made upon it by the state- been attacked without a moment's warning, often before they have even ments and proposals contained in that note is that the Imperial Govern- become aware that they were in the presence of an armed ship of the 11 ment has failed to appreciate the gravity of the situation which has re- enemy, and the lives of noncombatants, passengers and crew have been suited, not alone from the attack on the Sussex, but from the whole destroyed wholesale, and in a manner which the Government of the method and character of submarine warfare as disclosed by the unre- I'nited Slates cannot but regard as wanton and without the slightest strained practice of the commanders of German undersea craft during color of justification. No limit of any kind lias, in fact, been set to the the last 12 months and more In the indiscriminate destruction of mer- Indiscriminate pursuit and destruction of merchantmen of all kinds and chant vessels of all sorts, nationalities and destinations. nationalities within the waters which the Imperial Government has If the sinking of the Sussex had been an isolated case, the Govern- chosen to designate as lying within the seat of war. The roll of Ameri- , ment of the United States might find it possible to hope that the officer cans who have lost their lives upon ships thus attacked and destroved who was responsible for that act had wilfully violated his orders or had has grown, month by month, until the ominous toll has mounfed Into been criminally negligent in taking none of the percautions they pre- *" e hundreds, u scribed and that the ends of justice might be satisfied by imposing upon Patience of the United States at an End him an adequate p,unishment, coupled with a formal disavowal of the rpi, n„ TC ,„m«nt r.r ih„ a. * , act and payment of a suitable indemnity by the Imperial Government. Pver States has been very patient. At ; ;; But, though the attack upon the Sussex was manifestly indefensible and roußht to L ffo\ Jrntd h5 »hI ,v f.i i?J V' ag a . r tragedy lt has > ~ caused a loss of life so tragical as to make it stand forth as one of the ordfnarv thoughtful consideration of the extra most terrible examples of the inhumanity of submarine warfare as the senUments of v"er! cenninn I i war and to be guided by o commanders of German vessels are conducting it, it unhappily does not Germany Tt his i f ? T People and Government of stand alone. wermany. it has accepted the successive explanations and assurances 1 of the Imperial Government as. of course, given In entire sincerity and Deliberate Spirit of Destruction good faith, and has hoped, even against hope, that it would prove to On the contrary, the Government of the United States is forced by acts' of Its' naval as 'to 'suu ire Its ' ontrol , t ' l ® 1 recent events to conclude that it is only one instance, even though one principles of humanity as embodied in the iiw Llnl rtT 08 !!, f ! ; of the most extreme and most distressing instances, or the deliberate everv allowance lor unprecedented conditions nnd lVn-t hrrn , method and spirit of Indiscriminate destruction of merchant vessels of wait until the facts became unmistakabli and wnr» Ilf., ° . all sorts, nationalities and destinations, which have become more and one interpretation l>etame Unmistakab l e and wer * suspceptible of only „ more unmistakable as the activity of German undersea vessels of war It now owes It to a iust regard fnr its «wn ri^i,t<= t ~ , " has in recent months been quickened and extended. perial Government that that time hV« \° Say t0 tl ? e , 1 "?" The Imperial Government will recall that when, in February, 1915, evident to it that the position which It took at tbJ painfully > It announced its intentions of treating the waters surrounding Great able, namely the use of submarines for tlie iinstrnnuin / }S inevi '," Britain and Ireland as embraced within the seat of war. and of destroy- commerce, is of necessityb™Eu»c enemy s ing all merchant ships owned by its enemies that might be found within emploved and ihe verv methods of attackwhich thX » vcssel t s " that /.one of danger, and warned all vessels, neutral as well as belliger- of course, involves utterly incompatible"" h the rnc nles '£2 " ♦ ent, to keep out of the waters thus prescribed, or to enter them at their the long-established and incontrovertible rightsOf neutrals nnd the peril, the Government of the United States earnestly protested. It took sacred immunities of noncombatants rl^n,s or neutials and the the position that such a policy could not be pursued without constant If it Is still the purnose of the Tmnorlnt r gross and palpable violations of the accepted laws of nations, particu- relentless and indiscriminate warfare against ™ssl?s n? , i larly if submarine craft were to be employed as its instruments, inas- the use of submarines without Regard 1o fhT r much as the rules prescribed by that la», rules founded on the prln- United States must consider the sacred and 1 ndisputable rules of Inter° n clples of humanity and established for the protection of the lives of national law and the universally recognized dictates of humnnitv the br,u 0 ch b v a eSS s 8ea * COUI not tn t,le natUre ° f thU case be observed l; 0 7r" n,pnt ? f the UnitPd Sta,es is at last forced to the^oncluslon t>j sucn vessels. .... that there is but one course it can pursue. 11 It based Its protest on the ground that persons of neutral nationality Unless the Imperial Government should non- i i and vessels of neutral ownership would be exposed to extreme and In- and effect an abandonment of its present mcthwte tolerable risks and that no right to close any port of the high seas could f.-rc against passenger nnd freight-carrying vessels fw„ L. J awfully be asserted by the Imperial Government in the circumstances the United SUUes can have no cboicc but K to . ..maUc nllH then existing. The law of nations in these matters, upon which the with the German Empire altogether. This action the r!?, I™ „ ! ? Government of the United States based that protest, is not of recent the United States contemplates with the greatest reluctance fAAU origin or founded upon merely arbitrary principles set up by conven- constrained to take in behalf of humanity and the rights of 1, r tion. It is based, on the contrary, upon manifest principles of human- nations. e r, e> lus of neutral Gen. Scott's Investigation Will Determine Whether Troops Will Be Recalled Washington, D. C., April 20.—Major- General Hugh L. Scott, chief of staff of the Army, was on his way to the border as the personal representative of Secretary of War Baker to report on the military problem confronting Gen eral Funston. General Scott's report, on which the Washington government's final action on General Carranza's request that the American expeditionary forces in Mex ico be recalled probably will depend to a greTit extent, is not expected under a week or ten days. Meanwhile no decision on the question is looked for unless further outbreaks against the American troops demand immediate action. ■State Department officials, who for the past few days have devoted their attention almost wholly to the Ger man situation, were expected to begin work to-day on some of the questions involved in the forthcoming reply to Carranza. These can be worked out before General Scott's report Is re ceived. Carranza Officials Now Look With Less Skepticism on Report of Villa's Death By Associated Press Washington, D. C., April 20.-—Offi cials were interested to-day In dis patches from Mexico City that the de facto government was now in clined to look with less skepticism on reports that Francisco Villa's body had been found. There were no official messages to the State or War Depart ments, however, bearing on the sub ject. A message to the Mexican embassy last night and press reports said Gen eral Obregon, the war minister, was inclined to place confidence in reports that a search party of two Mexican officials and an American officer had examined the grave. General Obregon has been described previously as par ticularly dubious about reports of Villa's death and if he has now changed that view, officials feel he must have new information. The War Department is still un advised as to what has been happen ing in the vicinity of Parral since the attack upon the troopers there except for a State Department dispatch re porting that, the Carranza military commander had made no objection to a change in the location of the ad vance post nearest PRrral. A message received some days ago that (he expedition was showing the effects of the hard chase; that men and horses were Jaded and their shoes worn out. Secretary Baker said, might explain the silence. General Pershing mav be resting and re-equipping his force and at the same lime allowing the situation as to the attitude of Car ranza garrisons toward the expedition to develop. Recent Deaths in Central Pennsylvania Special to the Telegraph Marietta. Cyrus Smith, used SO. died yesterday nt the General hospital in Lancaster. He was a roachmaker. West Irfimpctcr. John Crist, aged 81, died Tuesday night from the in firmities of age. He was among the pioneer residents HARRISBURG aSsfl&fl TELEGRAPH APPENDIX SHOWS IF/IS TORPEDOED WITHOUT WARNING The appendix to the note, under the caption "Statement of Facts in Sussex Case Accompanying Note to German Government of April 18. 1916," fol lows: The French Channel steamer Sus sex, employed regularly in passenger service between the ports of Folkstone, England, and Dieppe, France, as it had been for years (French foreign office), left Folkstone for Dieppe at 1.25 p. m., March 24, 1916, with 325 or more passengers and a crew of 53 men. (Declaration of Captain Mouf fctt. Rear Admiral Grasset's report.) The passengers, among whom were about 25 American citizens (telegram London embassy, March 25, and Paris embassy, March 26 and 28), were of several nationalities and many of them were women and children, and nearly half of them subjects of neutral States. (Report of Commander Sayles and Lieutenant Smith; Rear Admiral Gras set's report.) The Sussex carried no armament (French foreign office; re port of Commander Sayles and Lieu tenant Smith; affidavits of American passengers), has never been employed as a troop ship, and was following a route not used for transporting troops from Great Britain to France. (Brit ish admiralty statement; French for eign office.) Steamed South on Smooth Sea The steamer proceeded on its course almost due south after passing Dun geness. (Declaration of Captain Mouf fett.) The weather was clear and the sea smooth. (Affidavits of Edna Hale, John H. Hearley, Gertrude W. War ren.) At 2.50 p. m., when the Sussex was about 13 miles from Dungeness (declaration of Captain Mouffett), the captain of the vessel, who was on the bridge, saw about 150 meters from the ship, on the port side, the wake of a torpedo. (Declaration of Captain Mouffett.) It was also seen very clearly by the first officer and the boat swain. who were with the captain on the bridge. (Report of Rear Admiral Grasset.) Immediately the captain gave orders to port the helm and stop the star board engine (declaration of Captain Mouffett), the purpose being to swing the vessel to starboard so a« to dodge the torpedo by allowing it to pass along the port bow on a line converg ing with the altered course of the steamer. Before, however, the vessel could be turned far enough to avoid crossing the course of the torpedo the latter struck the hull at an angle a short distance forward of the bridge, oxploded, destroyed the entire forward part of the steamer as far back as the first watertight bulkhead, carried away (he foremast with the wireless anten nae and killed or injured about 80 of the persons on hoard (declaration of Captain Mouffett; report of Hear Ad miral Grasset; deposition of Henry S. Beer). At the time no other vessel was in sight. (Affidavits of Samuel F*. Reniis, T. W. Culbertson, John H. Hearley and others.) The approach of the torpedo was witnessed by several other persons on the vessel. (Affidavits of Samuel F. Bemis, Henry S. Beer, Gertrude W. Warren.) One of these, an American clllzen named Henry S. Beer, was lean ing on the port rail, about 10 feet be hind the bridge, and gazing seaward when he saw the approaching torpedo about 100 yards away, and exclaimed to Ills wife and companion, "A tor pedo!" Immediately following his'ex clamation the missile struck the ves- sel. (Depositions of Henry S. Beer and Mrs. Henry S. Beer.) Sharp Change in Course In further corroboration of the fact that the captain saw the torpedo com ing toward the vessel is the sworn statement of the engineers on duty that the order to port the helm and to stop the starboard engine was re ceived and obeyed. (Report of Ad miral Grasset.) No reasonable ex planation can be given for this un usual order other than that the captain saw something which caused him to change his course sharply to starboard. In addition to this evidence, which would in itself appear to bo conclusive, that the agent of destruction was a torpedo is that of Lieutenant Smith, United States Navy, attached to the American embassy at Paris, who, ac companied by Major Logan, United States Army, of the embassy, went to Boulogne, inspected the hull of the Sussex and personally found beneath the mass of water-soaked debris of the wreck 15 pieces of metal, which they retained in their possession, as they did not believe the pieces formed part of the vessel. The inpection of the hull disclosed that the vessel was wrecked by an ex ternal explosion, the boilers being in tact. and that a short distance forward of the bridge was a large dent, show ing that the vessel had received a heavy blow, the direction of impact being from abaft the beam along a line at an acute angle with the keel of the vessel. (Report of Lieutenant Smith, cabled April 1.) This evidence coincides with and corroborates the statement that the vessel was swinging to starboard and away from the tor pedo when struck. The pieces of metal which the American officers had collected were compared by Lieutenant Smith. Lieu tenant-Commander Sayles and Major Logan wilh mines and plans of mines In possession of the French naval au thorities at Eoulogne. Rochefort and Toulon, and British naval authorities at Portsmouth. These officers arc posi tive in their opinion that these pieces of inetai were not parts of a mine. (Report of Lieutenant Smith, cabled April 2 and 5.) Gorman Marks on Holts Among these 15 pieces of metal were two screw bolts showing the effects of an explosion which were stamped with "K" and "56" on faces of the head of ono and "K" and "58" on faces of the head of the other. Examining German torpedoes in the possession of the French 'naval authorities at Toulon and of the English naval authorities at Portsmouth, the American officers found that identical screws with the letter "K" and a number were em ployed to fasten the "warhead" (kopf) to the air chamber. (Lieutenant Smith's reports, cabled April 2, 5 and 13.) The screws used in French and Eng lish torpedoes have no markings and are of a slightly different size. (Same reports.) Furthermore, the American officers were able by comparison and close examination to positively Identify and locate all the remaining in pieces of metal as parts of a German torpedo, aa follows: Fragment 3, part of inner seat of water relief valve of engine *alve. Fragments 4 and 5, punto bands of engine room casing. Fragments (1 to 10, inclusive, and 12, parts of engine cylinders. Fragments 11, 13, 14, 15, parts of steel warhead still bearing the dis- APRIL 20, 1916. !' , 1 1^' v . e red Paint common to German toipedo warheads. (Report of Lieu tenant Smith, cabled April 5.) In view of these authenticated facts there can be no reasonable doubt that the Sussex was torpedoed and that the torpedo was of German manufacture. „ R? \J ssel was seen by any person e Sussex, the conclusion is irre sistible that the torpedo was launched without warning from a submarine which was submerged at the time of the attack and remained beneath the surface after the explosion. T he conclusion thus reached from the evidence (the affidavits being those of American citizens) collected by the Department of State is substantiated by the statement in the imperial gov ernment's note of April 30, 19X6. Ac cording to those statements: (a) A German submarine torpedoed a steamer 1% miles southeast of Bull Hock Bank. [Department's comment: The point of attack is exactly.in the course which was taken by the Sussex after passing Dungeness and about 1 ><• miles from the place where the captain of the Sussex states he was torpedoed.] (b) The attack took place at 3.55 0 ,' Central European time. [Department's comment: 3.55 p. m. Central European time would corre spond to 2.u6 p. m. Western Kuro pean time. The time of the striking of the torpedo, according to the cap tain of the Sussex, and the stopping of the clocks on board the vessel, was 2.50 p. in. Western time.] (c) The torpedo, when it struck, caused an explosion which tore away the whole foreship up to the bridge. [Department's comment: The fore part of the Sussex was wrecked as fat back as the first water-tight bulkhead, according to the official reports.] (d) The German submarine was submerged when the torpedo was launched, and there is no statement that it. came to the surface after the attack. [Department's comment: The con clusion was reached that the sub marine was submersed from the fact ♦ hat no one on the Sussex saw a sub marine, though the weather was flne.l (e) No warning was si -en and no attempt was made to Rive #ne, since it is not mentioned. [Department's comment: The evi dence collected shows affirmatively no warning was Riven.] (f) A sketch by the submarine com mander of the steamer, which lie tor pedoed, does not agree with a photo graph of the Sussex in the Dondon Graphic. [Department's comment: This sketch was apparently made from memory of an observation of the vessel through a periscope. As the only difference noted by the commander, who relied on his memory, were the position of the smokestack and the shape of the stern, it is to be presumed the vessels were similar in other respects ] (G) NO other German submarines on that day attacked steamers in that locality. [Department's comment: As no ves sel is reported to have been torpedoed without warning by a submerged sub marine other than the Sussex, it Is be yond that that vessel was tor pedoed by the submarine whose com mander's report is relied upon in the note of April to.] KI-FXTKD TO COUNCHi Special to the Telegraph Hummelstown, Pa., April 20.—At a special meeting of borough council called by President William Shoe maker. Russell Stoner was unani mously elected to fill the unexpired term of Councilman Harry Bwope, who recently moved out of town T. R. SCOFFS AT WILSON'S NOTE Declares Nation Is Not Able to Back Words Because of Unpreparcdness ! New York, April 20.—Theodore Roosevelt did not hesitate to express himself last night about the President's demand upon Germany to abandon her illegal sub marine war methods. Apparently Mr. Roosevelt was not greatly Impressed by President Wilson's latest note to Germany. lie gave the impression that he did not place lmnlicit faith in its finality, but rather looked upon it as another phase of a sort of continu ous Patti farewell performance and not to be taken too seriously. He dictated the following statement: "Fourteen months ago the Presi dent's 'strict accountability' note to Germany, lr it meant anything, meant at least what, the present note means. Unfortunately, the President's action In Mexico and as regards other matter had been such that Germany did not believe tne note meant anything and acted accordingly. An dthe Presi dent's repeated notes since then inter spersed as they were with speeches and statements, such as that about being 'too proud to tight,' did not re move the impression, and during these fourteen months ship after ship have been sunk and many thousands of lives of noncombatants, including many hundreds of lives of women and children, have been lost. "if Germany now does as the Presi dent demands, It will be proof positive (hat if he had chosen to take the prop er position at the time of the 'strict ac countability' note the lives of all those women and children and other non combatants would have been saved and the causes of friction with Ger many would have been removed. "If, on the other hand, Germany does not do as requested, it is well to remember that such a note as the 'strict accountability' note of fourteen months ago is unpardonable unless it is backed by the deeds to make the words good. "If it was meant seriously and to produce results it should have been accompanied by Immediate and thor oughgoing preparation whereas as a matter of fact we are not now stronger by a man or rifle or a boat or a gun and of the small amount of ammuni tion we have manufactured a part was furnished to the Villistas who used it against our troops and some has since been furnished to the CJarranzistas who likewise have used it against our troops. . "Every one of these matters I dis cussed at the time. 1 can only repeat I then said, that whereas courtesy combined with resolute insistence upon one's rights tends to produce peace, a policy of weak submission to wrong produces a long succession of inquiries which must be submitted to and then leaves a condition of exus peration far more dangerous to peace than if there had been at the outset courageous insistence upon one's rights. v Among Mr. Roosevelt's supporters for the nomination and Presidency the President's note to Germany was dis cussed at length and the belief was ex pressed that no action by Mr. "Wilson at this time can possibly injure the chances of Mr. Roosevelt to be elected President of the United States. They said that they believed in backing up j Mr. Wilson in his dealings with foreign | nations so long as lie is President, but ' that they did not believe that the American people would go so far to I back him for another four-year term, no matter what the result of his ulti matum to Germany might be. Language of Note Comes as Surprise to England; Newspapers Comment London, April 20. Although re cent dispatches from America had led the British public to expect a sharp note from the United States to Ger many in regard to the submarine con troversy, the language employed by President Wilson in his address to Congress came as something of a sur prise. The evening newspapers gen erally refer to the note as an ultima tum pointing out that although no date for a reply has been fixed, Ger many is expected to send its answer by the end of the week. Opinion Divided Opinion is divided as to what at titude Germany will adopt. Some of the newspapers take the view that public opinion will compet the Berlin government to refuse to comply with the demands of the United States. Others are equally certain Germany will abandon indiscriminate sub marine warfare rather than sever relations with the greatest of the neulral powers. The note had little effect on the stock market, which was steady at the opening. Little stock was offered, this being the last day before the Easter ; holidays. Many members of the Ex change already have left town and | business is extremely limited. So far as American stocks are con cerned, there is now little business in them, owing to the restrictions im -1 posed by the government. It is noted the treasury has made hardly any changes in the buying prices. Admits of No Retreat The Westminster Gazette says: "President Wilson's message to Con gress is a serious, high toned docu ment which befits the occasion." Referring to the President's warn ing. this newspaper adds: "Language of this kind between great powers does not leave open a wide choice of courses of action. Ger many is given the alternative of abandoning its submarine warfare or ceasing to retain the friendliness of the United States. The tone of the message foreshadows in the latter case more than the mechanical wrath of diplomatic relations." In concluding its article, the West minster Gazette says: "President Wilson has mapped out for himself a line of action which ad mits of no retreat." France Feels "Moral Joy" in Chance of U. S. Breaking With "Nation of Pirates" By Associated rress Paris, April 20. The text of President Wilson's note to Germany arrived too late for publication in the morning papers, which comment briefly on the gravity of the situation. The Matin says: "The action of Washington will have far-reaching consequences for the future of the United States. France awaits calmly the eventual rupture. America could not give us greater sympathy than she already has given, but we will feel moral joy to see that noble nation break all relations with a nation of pirates which precipitated the present world tragedy." The Journal In reviewing American events, says that a rupture between the United States and Germany Is imminent 13
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers