U. S. TURNS WITH GRAVE
EXPECTANCY TO GERMANY
[Continued From First Page]
Berlin, the ambassador urged that
something be done immediately.
No appointment for another confer
ence with Secretary Lansing has
been made by the ambassador and it
is believed ho will not call again until
the German Government liud acted
upon or at least replied to the Ameri
can demands. While declining to dis
cuss the situation the ambassador
clearly indicated he considered it haz
ardous to indulge in speculation, lie
was with the Secretary twenty-five
minutes. He neither left or received
any communication.
Congress assembled to-day im
pressed with the deep significance of
the President's action. The dispas
sionate words in which Mr. Wilson
v-, sterday told a joint session of the
House and Senate of his purpose took
on a fuller force of meaning when
publication of the note to Germany
almost identical with the address In
outline and phrase, revealed in what
unmistakable terms the American
Government had declared itself.
Count von Bernstorff, optimistic
throughout the long negotiations that
have approached a crisis, though less
nearly, several times before, was hope
ful that his government would find a
way to prevent, a break in relations.
I.ast night he sent a long message to
Berlin, said to recommend that some
such assurances as were given regard
ing submarine operations in the Medi
terranean should now be thrown
around all submarine operations.
Senate Silent
Senator Kern, majority leader In
the Senate, said at the White House
to-day he believed there was a gen
GERMAN NEWSPAPERS
ACCEPTANCE
Press of United Slates Regrets That Wilson Did Not Take
His Firm Stand at Beginning of War
German newspapers, according to
cablegrams received to-day. are al
most unanimous in advising Germany
against an acceptance of the American
ultimatum. Even in this country the
German Herald, of Denver, while re
fraining from comment upon the
situation begs Congress to intervene
and save the nation from war. The
Illinois Staats Zeitung sees nothing to
tarnish the country's honor in with
drawing from the present situation
and says that America and America
alone can lengthen the horrors of the
war. On the other hand the Staats
Zeitung of New York says in case of
war with Germany "we would, one
and all, practice the loyalty which
>iur country has the right to expect
and which it would always receive:"
speaking thus for Americans of Ger
man birth or German descent.
Regret I .ale Stand /
Many of the newspapers of the
United States regret that the Presi
dent did not take his firm stand as
outlined yesterday at the beginning
of the war and most of them express
the belief that had he done so the
present situation would have been
saved. Almost in so many words they
agree with Colonel Roosevelt's view
that the ultimatum should have been
issued at the beginning of hostilities.
Says the Philadelphia Press, Republi
can: "Congress should loyally co
operate with him and push the pro
gram of preparedness with quickened
zeal." and looks pessimistically to
ward a peaceful outcome of the pres
ent situation.
The Philadelphia Public Ledger,
independent Republican says: "The
decision rests with Germany, not with
the United States. The consequences
of persisting in savagery lie with her,
not with us. That is made plain in
the note addressed to the German
Foreign Office, which says substantial
ly what was said In the address to
Congress. It may be that the Gov
ernment at Berlin will withdraw at
the last moment from the perilous
course it has been pursuing. Whether
it does or does not, there is no need
to vindicate the President's position.
The United States has no wish for
war with any nation: there will be
no war unless Germany is determined
to provoke it. But it would be false
to itself and to all the world if it
longer endured war in the name of
peace. It must be ready to face
whatever the future may bring with
out fear, without reproach, secure in
its own integrity and unselfishness of
motive. The account with Germany
has been running many months: the
items reach a staggering total. It is
now closed. Nothing is left but settle
ment in full."
Sun Criticises Mann
The New York Sun. criticising ad
versely the speech of Congressman
Mann, Republican, in the House yes
terday accusing the President of
playing politics, says:
"Nobody here who knows the ways
of narrow partisanship will assume
that Mr. Mann represents patriotic
Republican sentiment; Germany may
believe that he is speaking for a
great and powerful party. How re
freshing in contrast with this ignoble
demonstration is the language of our
extremely pro-German neighbor the
Staats Zeitung. which declared yes
terday, in behalf of the real Amer
icans of German nativity or descent,
that if the stupendous misfortune of
war should be brought upon this
republic by the action of Congress,
we would, one and all, pra'ctise the
loyalty which our country has the
right to expect and which it would
What Dyspeptics
Should Eat
"indigestion and practically all
forms of stomach trouble are, nine
times out of ten, due to acidity; there
fore stomach sufferers should, when
ever possible, avoid eating food that is
acid in its nature or which by chemical
action in the stomach develops acidity.
Those sufferers who have been obliged
to exclude from their diet all starchy,
sweet or fatty food, and are trying
to keep up a miserable existence on
gluten products, should try a meal of
any food or foods In moderate amount,
taking immediately afterwards a tea
spoonful of bisurated magnesia in a
little hot or cold water. This will
j.cutralize any excess acid which may
be present, or which may be formed,
and instead of the usual feeling of
uneasiness and fullness, you will find
that your food agrees with you per
fectly. Bisurated magnesia is doubt
loss the best food corrective and ant
acid known. Tt has no direct action
on the stomach; but by neutralizing
the acidity of the food contents, and
4 bus removing the source of the acid
irritation which Inflames the delicate
stomach lining, it does more than
could poslbly be done by any drug
or medicine. Do not dose an Inflamed
and irritated stomach with drugs but
get rid of the acid—the cause of all
the trouble. Get a little bisurated
magnesia from your druggist, eat
what you want at your next meal, take
of the bisurated magnesia as di
rected above, and note remarkable re
sults.
THURSDAY EVENING,
eral disposition in the Senate not to
discuss President Wilson's address on
the note to Germany. Discussion, he
said, could do no good and might do
harm, lie added that no action on
the part of Congress was called for
and he did not expect that any would
be taken.
Secretary Lansing said early to-day
Ambassador Gerard had not up to
that time notified the department of
the receipt of the American note, al
though press dispatches announced its
arrival last evening. Neither had Mr.
Gerard reported having received from
the German Foreign Office another
memorandum on the Sussex case, as
reported in press dispatches.
Consuls May Stay
Whether all German consuls and
consular agents would be dismissed
and such American consular repre
sentatives in Germany recalled, in
case diplomatic relations are severed,
was discussed by State Department
officials. It was stated that a rupture
would not necessarily extend to con
suls, although diplomatic custom gen
erally included such officials.
Explaining the expression in the
United States note regarding severing
relations "altogether," It was official
ly stated that the word was used to
add emphasis to the note and also,
indicate this government's Intention
to make any break complete by the
recall of its ambassador and consuls
and request the recall of Germany's
diplomatic and consular officials. It
was said that in some diplomatic
breaches, the nation taking the
initiative had recalled its ambassadors
without dismissing the'foreign envoy
accredited to it, but it was understood
that it a break occurs with Germany
both Ambassadors Bernstorff and
Gerard undoubtedly would be affected.
receive. Their country is America."
"If he will only stick to it—if he
will only back it up the American
people will back him up to the last
hour of his administration," is the
way the New York Press puts it, and
somewhat in the same tenor the New
York Tribune concludes a lengthy dis
cussion, in which it speaks none too
llatteringly of the numerous notes of
the Wilson administration, thus: "Our
Issue with Germany can be settled
now—only by a display of determina
tion backed by force. And it should
have been settled that way without
parley or faltering, as soon as it be
came clear last August that Germany
never intended to respond to Mr. Wil
son's words with an adequate offer of
reparation for the Uusitania mas
sacre."
The New York Commercial sees
that the President will lie criticised
for procrastination but thinks he was
acting for the best, as does the World,
while the Times believes the German
people would sympathize witti us,
saying:
"We cannot believe (hat Holland or
Switzerland would have borne what
we have put up with, wrongs that we
have met with no measures sterner
than those of protest and remon
strance because of the heart's wish of
the American people that we should
be at peace with Germany. L,et the
German people know all that, let them
understand our feeling, let them read
the address of the President to Con
gress, read the note we have de
livered in Berlin * » * the heart,
of the German nation would respond
to the heart of the American people,
and the assurance of unbroken peace,
of undisturbed friendship with the
United States would compensate Ger
many a thousandfold I'or any sacrifice
she might make in abandoning sub
marine warfare upon ships of com
merce.'
U. S. GRAVELY
AGAITING REPLY
[Continued From First Page]
on their rapid four hundred - mile
drive from Columbus to Parral.
A dispatch from Chihuahua to-day
says that the Parral district is quiet
and that Villa has passed far south
in Durango, many miles from the
nearest American column now rest
ing at a point near Parral.
Wagon Trains Start on
Shorter Route to Chief
Army Base in Mexico
Columbus, N. M. f April 20. A
wagon train laden with supplies
started into Mexico from here to-day
over a new route to Colonia Dublan
which will save approximately (de
leted) miles. Military authorities said
that the road through the Boca
Grande and Espia, which has been
used since the start of the expedition
has become so rutted by heavy travel
as to make the breaking in of a new
road essential. This was taken as an
indication that officials here have no
confirmation of current rumors that
the base is to be moved from Colum
bus to Presidio, Texas.
Unofficial reports seeping over the
border to-day indicated that the pur
suit of Villa was yet at a standstill
and it is believed here that no new
move would be made in the campaign
until after the return to Washington
of General Hugh L. Scott, chief of
staff, from his consultation at San
Antonio with General Frederick Fun
ston. Attention among military men
here temporarily was deflected from
the Mexican situation to the German
situation.
Mining Superintendent
Strengthens Belief That
Bandit Chief Is Dead
By Associated Press
El Paso, Texas, April 20. The
growing belief that Francisco Villa is
dead, whether or not his body lias
been recovered, was strengthened to
day by messages received by American
mining concerns here from their
agent 8 at Cuslhutriachic, Parral,
Santa Barbara and Guerrero.
All of these messages agreed that
the report of Villa's death was com
mon among the peons in Northern
Chihuahua and was generally accepted
as true. One very circumstantial
story sent to the head of a mining
concern operating in the Guerrero
district by his Mexican superintend
ent, was positive that Villa had been
buried in the neighborhood of San
Francisco Bor.ia, the hamlet where
the grave of the bandit has been re
ported found. His story gave a num
ber of details regarding Villa's death,
but It was discounted by the fact that
it related to the alleged murder of an
American woman by the bandit just
prior to his death. As oil American
women who have been in Northern
Chihuahua during the past year have
been accounted for, little credence
was given to this feature of the
story.
j FINALWORDTO GERMANY DEMANDS j
WAR CEASE OR RELATIONS WILL BE BROKEN
Washington, April 19. ;;
Following is the full text of President Wilson's note to Germany: i
You srr Instructed to drllTpr to the Secretary of Foreign Affairs a communication reading na follow*!
I did not fall to transmit immediately, by telegraph, to my Government your Rxcelleney'a note of the 10th Instant In regard to certain attacks
by German submarines, and particularly In regard to the disastrous explosion which on March 24 Inst wrecked the French steamship Sussex In the
Rniclish Channel. I have now the honor to deliver, under Instructions from my Government, the following reply to your Excellencyi
INFORMATION now in the possession of the Government of nnd has long been established, with the approval and by the ex
the United States fully establishes the facts in the case of press ass * nt of a " civlllzed nations,
the Sussex, and the inferences which my Government has Promise of Precautions Not Fulfilled
drawn from that information it regards as confirmed by the cir- The Imperial Government, notwithstanding, persisted in carrying
cum stances set forth in vnttr Fxrellenev'« nnte nf the 10th °u l the Policy announced, expressing the hope that the dangers Involved,
n cumsidncts set lortll in your r„xceiienc> S note Ot tllC lUllt at any rate to neutral vessels, would be reduced to a minimum by the ,
instant. .On the 24th of March, 1916, at about 2.50 o'clock Ul instructions which it had issued to the commanders of its submarines,
thp A fternnnn the cte-iinpr <SIICCPV ivitli more and assu ring the Government of the United States that it would take
me aiternoon, the unarmed steamer Sussex, with Sjs or more every possible precaution, both to respect the rights of neutrals and to
passengers on board, among whom were a number of American safeguard the lives of noncombatants.
:• *«""'• while crossing from Folkestone to Z
Dieppe. Ihe Sussex had never been armed; was a vessel the solemn protest of the Government of the United states, the eom
; known to be habitually used only for the conveyance of pas- 'nrnoUcel o nVr»ih7l pcrl , al , Gov f, rnmen t;a undersea vessels have carried on ;
. . r- i- i /-L i i rii • practices of ruthless destruction, which have made it more and more
; sengers across the English Channel, and was not following evident, as the months have gone by, that tlie Imperial Government lias "
the route taken by troop ships or supply ships. About 80 of '"it" 11 *" v sm ' h rcs,ralll,s 11,)011 tl,cm M " 1,1,(1
her passengers, noncombatants of all ages and sexes, including Again and again the Imperial Government has given its solemn ''
citizens of the United States, were killed or injured. assurances to the Government of the United States that at least passen- I
V ' « er ships would not be thus dealt with, and yet it has repeatedly per- ;
The Sussex Torpedoed by a German Submarine Entire immmlfv ra6 i commandpr " to disregard those assurances with
a c i j . , j i . .• , • .... enure impunity. As recently as February last it gave notice that it
A careful, detailed and scrupulously impartial investigation would regard all armed merchantmen owned by its enemies as part of
bv naval and military officers of the United States has con- n *Y al forces of its adversaries, and deal with them as with
riiiciv.l,, ii • u jlufiiUiit-o - i j j men-of-war, thus, at least by implication, pledging Itself to give warn
clusively established the fact that the Sussex was torpedoed ing to vessels which were not armed, and to accord security of life to ;
without warning or summons to surrender and that the torpedo their passengers and crews; but even this limitation their submarine
Ki, ° r commanders have recklessly ignored.
by which she was Struck was of German manufacture. Vessels of neutral ownership, even vessels of neutral ownership
f 1 " 0 * 11 neutral port to neutral port, have been destroyed along "
In the view of the Government of the United States, these facts with vessels of belligerent ownership in constantly increasing numbers,
from the first made the conclusion that the torpedo was fired by a Ger- Sometimes the merchantmen attacked have been warned and sum
-111 an submarine unavoidable. It now considers that conclusion sub- moned to surrender before being fired on or torpedoed; sometimes their
stantiated by the statements of your Excellency's note. A full state- passengers and crews have been vouchsafed the poor security of being
ment of the facts upon which the Government of the United States has allowed to take to the ship's boats before the ship was sent to the bot
based its conclusion Is inclosed. torn. But again and again no warning has been given, no escape even
The Government of the United States, after having given careful to the ship's boats allowed to those on board. Great liners like the
consideration to the note of the Imperial Government of the 10th of Uusitanla and Arabic and mere passenger boats like the Sussex have !!
April, regrets to ( state that the impression made upon it by the state- been attacked without a moment's warning, often before they have even
ments and proposals contained in that note is that the Imperial Govern- become aware that they were in the presence of an armed ship of the 11
ment has failed to appreciate the gravity of the situation which has re- enemy, and the lives of noncombatants, passengers and crew have been
suited, not alone from the attack on the Sussex, but from the whole destroyed wholesale, and in a manner which the Government of the
method and character of submarine warfare as disclosed by the unre- I'nited Slates cannot but regard as wanton and without the slightest
strained practice of the commanders of German undersea craft during color of justification. No limit of any kind lias, in fact, been set to the
the last 12 months and more In the indiscriminate destruction of mer- Indiscriminate pursuit and destruction of merchantmen of all kinds and
chant vessels of all sorts, nationalities and destinations. nationalities within the waters which the Imperial Government has
If the sinking of the Sussex had been an isolated case, the Govern- chosen to designate as lying within the seat of war. The roll of Ameri- ,
ment of the United States might find it possible to hope that the officer cans who have lost their lives upon ships thus attacked and destroved
who was responsible for that act had wilfully violated his orders or had has grown, month by month, until the ominous toll has mounfed Into
been criminally negligent in taking none of the percautions they pre- *" e hundreds,
u scribed and that the ends of justice might be satisfied by imposing upon Patience of the United States at an End
him an adequate p,unishment, coupled with a formal disavowal of the rpi, n„ TC ,„m«nt r.r ih„ a. * ,
act and payment of a suitable indemnity by the Imperial Government. Pver States has been very patient. At ;
;; But, though the attack upon the Sussex was manifestly indefensible and roußht to L ffo\ Jrntd h5 »hI ,v f.i i?J V' ag a . r tragedy lt has >
~ caused a loss of life so tragical as to make it stand forth as one of the ordfnarv thoughtful consideration of the extra
most terrible examples of the inhumanity of submarine warfare as the senUments of v"er! cenninn I i war and to be guided by o
commanders of German vessels are conducting it, it unhappily does not Germany Tt his i f ? T People and Government of
stand alone. wermany. it has accepted the successive explanations and assurances 1
of the Imperial Government as. of course, given In entire sincerity and
Deliberate Spirit of Destruction good faith, and has hoped, even against hope, that it would prove to
On the contrary, the Government of the United States is forced by acts' of Its' naval as 'to 'suu ire Its ' ontrol , t ' l ® 1
recent events to conclude that it is only one instance, even though one principles of humanity as embodied in the iiw Llnl rtT 08 !!, f !
; of the most extreme and most distressing instances, or the deliberate everv allowance lor unprecedented conditions nnd lVn-t hrrn ,
method and spirit of Indiscriminate destruction of merchant vessels of wait until the facts became unmistakabli and wnr» Ilf., ° .
all sorts, nationalities and destinations, which have become more and one interpretation l>etame Unmistakab l e and wer * suspceptible of only „
more unmistakable as the activity of German undersea vessels of war It now owes It to a iust regard fnr its «wn ri^i,t<= t ~ , "
has in recent months been quickened and extended. perial Government that that time hV« \° Say t0 tl ? e , 1 "?"
The Imperial Government will recall that when, in February, 1915, evident to it that the position which It took at tbJ painfully >
It announced its intentions of treating the waters surrounding Great able, namely the use of submarines for tlie iinstrnnuin / }S inevi ',"
Britain and Ireland as embraced within the seat of war. and of destroy- commerce, is of necessityb™Eu»c enemy s
ing all merchant ships owned by its enemies that might be found within emploved and ihe verv methods of attackwhich thX » vcssel t s "
that /.one of danger, and warned all vessels, neutral as well as belliger- of course, involves utterly incompatible"" h the rnc nles '£2 "
♦ ent, to keep out of the waters thus prescribed, or to enter them at their the long-established and incontrovertible rightsOf neutrals nnd the
peril, the Government of the United States earnestly protested. It took sacred immunities of noncombatants rl^n,s or neutials and the
the position that such a policy could not be pursued without constant If it Is still the purnose of the Tmnorlnt r
gross and palpable violations of the accepted laws of nations, particu- relentless and indiscriminate warfare against ™ssl?s n? , i
larly if submarine craft were to be employed as its instruments, inas- the use of submarines without Regard 1o fhT r
much as the rules prescribed by that la», rules founded on the prln- United States must consider the sacred and 1 ndisputable rules of Inter° n
clples of humanity and established for the protection of the lives of national law and the universally recognized dictates of humnnitv the
br,u 0 ch b v a eSS s 8ea * COUI not tn t,le natUre ° f thU case be observed l; 0 7r" n,pnt ? f the UnitPd Sta,es is at last forced to the^oncluslon
t>j sucn vessels. .... that there is but one course it can pursue. 11
It based Its protest on the ground that persons of neutral nationality Unless the Imperial Government should non- i i
and vessels of neutral ownership would be exposed to extreme and In- and effect an abandonment of its present mcthwte
tolerable risks and that no right to close any port of the high seas could f.-rc against passenger nnd freight-carrying vessels fw„ L. J
awfully be asserted by the Imperial Government in the circumstances the United SUUes can have no cboicc but K to . ..maUc nllH
then existing. The law of nations in these matters, upon which the with the German Empire altogether. This action the r!?, I™ „ ! ?
Government of the United States based that protest, is not of recent the United States contemplates with the greatest reluctance fAAU
origin or founded upon merely arbitrary principles set up by conven- constrained to take in behalf of humanity and the rights of 1, r
tion. It is based, on the contrary, upon manifest principles of human- nations. e r, e> lus of neutral
Gen. Scott's Investigation
Will Determine Whether
Troops Will Be Recalled
Washington, D. C., April 20.—Major-
General Hugh L. Scott, chief of staff
of the Army, was on his way to the
border as the personal representative
of Secretary of War Baker to report on
the military problem confronting Gen
eral Funston.
General Scott's report, on which the
Washington government's final action
on General Carranza's request that the
American expeditionary forces in Mex
ico be recalled probably will depend
to a greTit extent, is not expected under
a week or ten days. Meanwhile no
decision on the question is looked for
unless further outbreaks against the
American troops demand immediate
action.
■State Department officials, who for
the past few days have devoted their
attention almost wholly to the Ger
man situation, were expected to begin
work to-day on some of the questions
involved in the forthcoming reply to
Carranza. These can be worked out
before General Scott's report Is re
ceived.
Carranza Officials Now
Look With Less Skepticism
on Report of Villa's Death
By Associated Press
Washington, D. C., April 20.-—Offi
cials were interested to-day In dis
patches from Mexico City that the
de facto government was now in
clined to look with less skepticism on
reports that Francisco Villa's body had
been found. There were no official
messages to the State or War Depart
ments, however, bearing on the sub
ject.
A message to the Mexican embassy
last night and press reports said Gen
eral Obregon, the war minister, was
inclined to place confidence in reports
that a search party of two Mexican
officials and an American officer had
examined the grave. General Obregon
has been described previously as par
ticularly dubious about reports of
Villa's death and if he has now
changed that view, officials feel he
must have new information.
The War Department is still un
advised as to what has been happen
ing in the vicinity of Parral since the
attack upon the troopers there except
for a State Department dispatch re
porting that, the Carranza military
commander had made no objection to
a change in the location of the ad
vance post nearest PRrral.
A message received some days ago
that (he expedition was showing the
effects of the hard chase; that men
and horses were Jaded and their shoes
worn out. Secretary Baker said, might
explain the silence. General Pershing
mav be resting and re-equipping his
force and at the same lime allowing
the situation as to the attitude of Car
ranza garrisons toward the expedition
to develop.
Recent Deaths in
Central Pennsylvania
Special to the Telegraph
Marietta. Cyrus Smith, used SO.
died yesterday nt the General hospital
in Lancaster. He was a roachmaker.
West Irfimpctcr. John Crist, aged
81, died Tuesday night from the in
firmities of age. He was among the
pioneer residents
HARRISBURG aSsfl&fl TELEGRAPH
APPENDIX SHOWS IF/IS
TORPEDOED WITHOUT WARNING
The appendix to the note, under the
caption "Statement of Facts in Sussex
Case Accompanying Note to German
Government of April 18. 1916," fol
lows:
The French Channel steamer Sus
sex, employed regularly in passenger
service between the ports of Folkstone,
England, and Dieppe, France, as it
had been for years (French foreign
office), left Folkstone for Dieppe at
1.25 p. m., March 24, 1916, with 325
or more passengers and a crew of 53
men. (Declaration of Captain Mouf
fctt. Rear Admiral Grasset's report.)
The passengers, among whom were
about 25 American citizens (telegram
London embassy, March 25, and Paris
embassy, March 26 and 28), were of
several nationalities and many of them
were women and children, and nearly
half of them subjects of neutral States.
(Report of Commander Sayles and
Lieutenant Smith; Rear Admiral Gras
set's report.) The Sussex carried no
armament (French foreign office; re
port of Commander Sayles and Lieu
tenant Smith; affidavits of American
passengers), has never been employed
as a troop ship, and was following a
route not used for transporting troops
from Great Britain to France. (Brit
ish admiralty statement; French for
eign office.)
Steamed South on Smooth Sea
The steamer proceeded on its course
almost due south after passing Dun
geness. (Declaration of Captain Mouf
fett.) The weather was clear and the
sea smooth. (Affidavits of Edna Hale,
John H. Hearley, Gertrude W. War
ren.) At 2.50 p. m., when the Sussex
was about 13 miles from Dungeness
(declaration of Captain Mouffett), the
captain of the vessel, who was on the
bridge, saw about 150 meters from the
ship, on the port side, the wake of a
torpedo. (Declaration of Captain
Mouffett.) It was also seen very
clearly by the first officer and the boat
swain. who were with the captain on
the bridge. (Report of Rear Admiral
Grasset.)
Immediately the captain gave orders
to port the helm and stop the star
board engine (declaration of Captain
Mouffett), the purpose being to swing
the vessel to starboard so a« to dodge
the torpedo by allowing it to pass
along the port bow on a line converg
ing with the altered course of the
steamer. Before, however, the vessel
could be turned far enough to avoid
crossing the course of the torpedo the
latter struck the hull at an angle a
short distance forward of the bridge,
oxploded, destroyed the entire forward
part of the steamer as far back as the
first watertight bulkhead, carried away
(he foremast with the wireless anten
nae and killed or injured about 80 of
the persons on hoard (declaration of
Captain Mouffett; report of Hear Ad
miral Grasset; deposition of Henry S.
Beer). At the time no other vessel
was in sight. (Affidavits of Samuel F*.
Reniis, T. W. Culbertson, John H.
Hearley and others.)
The approach of the torpedo was
witnessed by several other persons on
the vessel. (Affidavits of Samuel F.
Bemis, Henry S. Beer, Gertrude W.
Warren.) One of these, an American
clllzen named Henry S. Beer, was lean
ing on the port rail, about 10 feet be
hind the bridge, and gazing seaward
when he saw the approaching torpedo
about 100 yards away, and exclaimed
to Ills wife and companion, "A tor
pedo!" Immediately following his'ex
clamation the missile struck the ves-
sel. (Depositions of Henry S. Beer
and Mrs. Henry S. Beer.)
Sharp Change in Course
In further corroboration of the fact
that the captain saw the torpedo com
ing toward the vessel is the sworn
statement of the engineers on duty
that the order to port the helm and
to stop the starboard engine was re
ceived and obeyed. (Report of Ad
miral Grasset.) No reasonable ex
planation can be given for this un
usual order other than that the captain
saw something which caused him to
change his course sharply to starboard.
In addition to this evidence, which
would in itself appear to bo conclusive,
that the agent of destruction was a
torpedo is that of Lieutenant Smith,
United States Navy, attached to the
American embassy at Paris, who, ac
companied by Major Logan, United
States Army, of the embassy, went to
Boulogne, inspected the hull of the
Sussex and personally found beneath
the mass of water-soaked debris of the
wreck 15 pieces of metal, which they
retained in their possession, as they
did not believe the pieces formed part
of the vessel.
The inpection of the hull disclosed
that the vessel was wrecked by an ex
ternal explosion, the boilers being in
tact. and that a short distance forward
of the bridge was a large dent, show
ing that the vessel had received a
heavy blow, the direction of impact
being from abaft the beam along a
line at an acute angle with the keel
of the vessel. (Report of Lieutenant
Smith, cabled April 1.) This evidence
coincides with and corroborates the
statement that the vessel was swinging
to starboard and away from the tor
pedo when struck.
The pieces of metal which the
American officers had collected were
compared by Lieutenant Smith. Lieu
tenant-Commander Sayles and Major
Logan wilh mines and plans of mines
In possession of the French naval au
thorities at Eoulogne. Rochefort and
Toulon, and British naval authorities
at Portsmouth. These officers arc posi
tive in their opinion that these pieces
of inetai were not parts of a mine.
(Report of Lieutenant Smith, cabled
April 2 and 5.)
Gorman Marks on Holts
Among these 15 pieces of metal were
two screw bolts showing the effects of
an explosion which were stamped with
"K" and "56" on faces of the head of
ono and "K" and "58" on faces of the
head of the other. Examining German
torpedoes in the possession of the
French 'naval authorities at Toulon
and of the English naval authorities
at Portsmouth, the American officers
found that identical screws with the
letter "K" and a number were em
ployed to fasten the "warhead" (kopf)
to the air chamber. (Lieutenant
Smith's reports, cabled April 2, 5 and
13.)
The screws used in French and Eng
lish torpedoes have no markings and
are of a slightly different size. (Same
reports.) Furthermore, the American
officers were able by comparison and
close examination to positively Identify
and locate all the remaining in pieces
of metal as parts of a German torpedo,
aa follows:
Fragment 3, part of inner seat of
water relief valve of engine *alve.
Fragments 4 and 5, punto bands of
engine room casing.
Fragments (1 to 10, inclusive, and 12,
parts of engine cylinders.
Fragments 11, 13, 14, 15, parts of
steel warhead still bearing the dis-
APRIL 20, 1916.
!' , 1 1^' v . e red Paint common to German
toipedo warheads. (Report of Lieu
tenant Smith, cabled April 5.)
In view of these authenticated facts
there can be no reasonable doubt that
the Sussex was torpedoed and that the
torpedo was of German manufacture.
„ R? \J ssel was seen by any person
e Sussex, the conclusion is irre
sistible that the torpedo was launched
without warning from a submarine
which was submerged at the time of
the attack and remained beneath the
surface after the explosion.
T he conclusion thus reached from
the evidence (the affidavits being those
of American citizens) collected by the
Department of State is substantiated
by the statement in the imperial gov
ernment's note of April 30, 19X6. Ac
cording to those statements:
(a) A German submarine torpedoed
a steamer 1% miles southeast of Bull
Hock Bank.
[Department's comment: The point
of attack is exactly.in the course which
was taken by the Sussex after passing
Dungeness and about 1 ><• miles from
the place where the captain of the
Sussex states he was torpedoed.]
(b) The attack took place at 3.55
0 ,' Central European time.
[Department's comment: 3.55 p. m.
Central European time would corre
spond to 2.u6 p. m. Western Kuro
pean time. The time of the striking
of the torpedo, according to the cap
tain of the Sussex, and the stopping of
the clocks on board the vessel, was
2.50 p. in. Western time.]
(c) The torpedo, when it struck,
caused an explosion which tore away
the whole foreship up to the bridge.
[Department's comment: The fore
part of the Sussex was wrecked as fat
back as the first water-tight bulkhead,
according to the official reports.]
(d) The German submarine was
submerged when the torpedo was
launched, and there is no statement
that it. came to the surface after the
attack.
[Department's comment: The con
clusion was reached that the sub
marine was submersed from the fact
♦ hat no one on the Sussex saw a sub
marine, though the weather was flne.l
(e) No warning was si -en and no
attempt was made to Rive #ne, since it
is not mentioned.
[Department's comment: The evi
dence collected shows affirmatively no
warning was Riven.]
(f) A sketch by the submarine com
mander of the steamer, which lie tor
pedoed, does not agree with a photo
graph of the Sussex in the Dondon
Graphic.
[Department's comment: This sketch
was apparently made from memory of
an observation of the vessel through
a periscope. As the only difference
noted by the commander, who relied
on his memory, were the position of
the smokestack and the shape of the
stern, it is to be presumed the vessels
were similar in other respects ]
(G) NO other German submarines
on that day attacked steamers in that
locality.
[Department's comment: As no ves
sel is reported to have been torpedoed
without warning by a submerged sub
marine other than the Sussex, it Is be
yond that that vessel was tor
pedoed by the submarine whose com
mander's report is relied upon in the
note of April to.]
KI-FXTKD TO COUNCHi
Special to the Telegraph
Hummelstown, Pa., April 20.—At a
special meeting of borough council
called by President William Shoe
maker. Russell Stoner was unani
mously elected to fill the unexpired
term of Councilman Harry Bwope, who
recently moved out of town
T. R. SCOFFS AT
WILSON'S NOTE
Declares Nation Is Not Able to
Back Words Because of
Unpreparcdness
! New York, April 20.—Theodore
Roosevelt did not hesitate
to express himself last night
about the President's demand upon
Germany to abandon her illegal sub
marine war methods. Apparently Mr.
Roosevelt was not greatly Impressed
by President Wilson's latest note to
Germany. lie gave the impression
that he did not place lmnlicit faith in
its finality, but rather looked upon it
as another phase of a sort of continu
ous Patti farewell performance and
not to be taken too seriously.
He dictated the following statement:
"Fourteen months ago the Presi
dent's 'strict accountability' note to
Germany, lr it meant anything, meant
at least what, the present note means.
Unfortunately, the President's action
In Mexico and as regards other matter
had been such that Germany did not
believe tne note meant anything and
acted accordingly. An dthe Presi
dent's repeated notes since then inter
spersed as they were with speeches
and statements, such as that about
being 'too proud to tight,' did not re
move the impression, and during these
fourteen months ship after ship have
been sunk and many thousands of
lives of noncombatants, including
many hundreds of lives of women and
children, have been lost.
"if Germany now does as the Presi
dent demands, It will be proof positive
(hat if he had chosen to take the prop
er position at the time of the 'strict ac
countability' note the lives of all those
women and children and other non
combatants would have been saved
and the causes of friction with Ger
many would have been removed.
"If, on the other hand, Germany
does not do as requested, it is well to
remember that such a note as the
'strict accountability' note of fourteen
months ago is unpardonable unless it
is backed by the deeds to make the
words good.
"If it was meant seriously and to
produce results it should have been
accompanied by Immediate and thor
oughgoing preparation whereas as a
matter of fact we are not now stronger
by a man or rifle or a boat or a gun
and of the small amount of ammuni
tion we have manufactured a part was
furnished to the Villistas who used it
against our troops and some has since
been furnished to the CJarranzistas who
likewise have used it against our
troops. .
"Every one of these matters I dis
cussed at the time. 1 can only repeat
I then said, that whereas courtesy
combined with resolute insistence
upon one's rights tends to produce
peace, a policy of weak submission to
wrong produces a long succession of
inquiries which must be submitted to
and then leaves a condition of exus
peration far more dangerous to peace
than if there had been at the outset
courageous insistence upon one's
rights. v
Among Mr. Roosevelt's supporters
for the nomination and Presidency the
President's note to Germany was dis
cussed at length and the belief was ex
pressed that no action by Mr. "Wilson
at this time can possibly injure the
chances of Mr. Roosevelt to be elected
President of the United States. They
said that they believed in backing up
j Mr. Wilson in his dealings with foreign
| nations so long as lie is President, but
' that they did not believe that the
American people would go so far to
I back him for another four-year term,
no matter what the result of his ulti
matum to Germany might be.
Language of Note Comes
as Surprise to England;
Newspapers Comment
London, April 20. Although re
cent dispatches from America had led
the British public to expect a sharp
note from the United States to Ger
many in regard to the submarine con
troversy, the language employed by
President Wilson in his address to
Congress came as something of a sur
prise. The evening newspapers gen
erally refer to the note as an ultima
tum pointing out that although no
date for a reply has been fixed, Ger
many is expected to send its answer
by the end of the week.
Opinion Divided
Opinion is divided as to what at
titude Germany will adopt. Some of
the newspapers take the view that
public opinion will compet the Berlin
government to refuse to comply with
the demands of the United States.
Others are equally certain Germany
will abandon indiscriminate sub
marine warfare rather than sever
relations with the greatest of the
neulral powers.
The note had little effect on the
stock market, which was steady at the
opening. Little stock was offered, this
being the last day before the Easter
; holidays. Many members of the Ex
change already have left town and
| business is extremely limited.
So far as American stocks are con
cerned, there is now little business in
them, owing to the restrictions im
-1 posed by the government. It is noted
the treasury has made hardly any
changes in the buying prices.
Admits of No Retreat
The Westminster Gazette says:
"President Wilson's message to Con
gress is a serious, high toned docu
ment which befits the occasion."
Referring to the President's warn
ing. this newspaper adds:
"Language of this kind between
great powers does not leave open a
wide choice of courses of action. Ger
many is given the alternative of
abandoning its submarine warfare or
ceasing to retain the friendliness of
the United States. The tone of the
message foreshadows in the latter
case more than the mechanical wrath
of diplomatic relations."
In concluding its article, the West
minster Gazette says:
"President Wilson has mapped out
for himself a line of action which ad
mits of no retreat."
France Feels "Moral Joy" in
Chance of U. S. Breaking
With "Nation of Pirates"
By Associated rress
Paris, April 20. The text of
President Wilson's note to Germany
arrived too late for publication in the
morning papers, which comment
briefly on the gravity of the situation.
The Matin says:
"The action of Washington will
have far-reaching consequences for
the future of the United States.
France awaits calmly the eventual
rupture. America could not give us
greater sympathy than she already
has given, but we will feel moral joy
to see that noble nation break all
relations with a nation of pirates
which precipitated the present world
tragedy."
The Journal In reviewing American
events, says that a rupture between
the United States and Germany Is
imminent
13