tlV'tt k r' Vot, 01,647,1' . 4iii t. ~i,f.i.... "9 .- ~,; c t) ft . . if 646 - °a ir? 1r •0 1 . .1,144ei is Los'E.9 , ' ' ' rfort grew Timex*.OW Wows attabost ic I oishilat itwas k y , 'hitt coo ll i ' 4; 104. ,144; 00 1 4 111 meet uoltobittc own, ' • • • " In ochoes through th! !seta' ailionol *hi** ''',F: o 4l 4 • ll " e4 i_ ,", • , t *NOW the keis of .rniskir ta' thoonotutioin gar. 11191 cea 1404 4 11416 rff ii#Wlafrillp ip Orin to ide'rditrciT 'it ineysi itibo4 lo ! 'suse brie ; ; MMitM2=M=l -',l ', Wails* billay '' , I' ,i i , illno *WO On IrbS" , !nub, end , um& , danne • . I . AlpFrottnng:— .4 Rrrn , - rn AOC aloes nielmlyotaltedliapprie whit tilie breath 4 throng% .very' lunit4ai '''‘ Wanes MOod ti Lisve.' Ca ask the stars that deck the yank of heaven's tilbenall tine: ~r ) Why in such harmony they roll their endless pear —ways through I Theyeelli emus Adair Flay sod through the met- • • sal tomes above As echo palpitates, anil speaks, sod anewert.- • "Glad as Lowes 'Co ask thelthriihing rose at worn that nods urea 4; mat," 'Whb d►bpted the nectar hong oh high !fist its diadem 1 ton 'Stilt !teasel has velvet breast as if It would . ' reprove • limit' for ut'ring more than that one sentence— God le Love." Speak to the brook that ;silently pump Ha wind. Ins tracts Along the vales unceasingly in calms and cats • • racte a Ask it wbo gave the crystal tint, and bid its wa ters more It Mormon; as it presses on, an aaswer.—Goel is . • Lowe List at the close of a summer's day to the *trains that scaly Ilust Upiin the vesper air of eve keen some lone, sigh ing throat; Seek fur ita source, and soon you spy the lonely, gentle dove, 'running her nocturnal help to the anthent.'God * it Love." Creation since the dawn of time ire teems novitiate 'hymn • • ' ' worthyof her mwaterian, to . sound.the praise of wise.enstahea,ceer,She Amble earth, and ;des the sky above, 'Ur olioutine eamprobeesite .strain .sittieh tells us ..Gal is Lpse.',' Gettysburg, Sept::, 1850 TEXAS AND NET, MEXICO. SPEECH OF HON. T. STEVENS, OF PF,NNSYLVANIA,- IN Title House os RRIPRneeNTATIVIte, W*1)1 4 1111IDAV Rugusi 14, 1850, On the Pregideat's Meese*. of Assoltl3, concerning Texas and New Mexico. tibiae being In Go' mtuittetof the Whole on the hate °film Union, and having under con sideration the Civil and Diplomatic Appropria. tide Sill for the fiscal year iodizes 80th of June, 1851—v • • "Mr; STEVENS said: "''MeCit'arnuits; : I fear I shall be tho't enitiii4bin bold, when I announce my d e . Jettninmion to defend the President fmm thelassapits.af the gentlemettfrom Geer itis (Mr. Stephens and Mr. Toombs,) the getAlotean from Mississippi, (Mr. crown,) kind otber southern 'gentlemen' ; and from the still more , grievous assaults of the gen.: denied front blassitehtisetts, (Mr. Ash litin.) who has just taken hie seal. 'film message of 'the President• of the United States telative,:to„New Mexicp has been ' bitterly taloned by itentlemen, oh this Soot. without distinction of party ; unless parties hare already seemed a geograph ical organisation, to Thiel I fear they are ilmt end inevitably lending. The gentle- Aim Iront Mississippi, (Mr. Brown.) of onq . Ourty , concurs with the gentlemen, from. Georgia, (illeenns, Stephens . sout 'reossita). ofahe other party.. and other nosthnnrugandenten, in denouncing the priniiiihiscur the menage as subversive of civil liberty,: , The . moat fearful' . cense queneeo,nre 'inidiettsl, and the most terri ble vOngettnitt.threitened. Civil .war, dis union, tentlltleodydesolation are the mild- est ernes with • which they garnish 'hair Mitfejr, 'lniontent . threats. and their gory predititiOns, :I have nothing to sip £bey do not, to the digni& of argument. arida eilieetty apeterniel menace. I am ate lON toiknow Why they are so often para ded before - us, unless thisy have became elironie:Rhmitasiett of the brain. or are cult• singly expected; to operate on the timidity, not 10 say., owaraicte, of the North. Mee t tell southern gentlemen that I thitkihey mistake Northern character 1 FeitlMlkthitt the North, in this and the oth iikttql*efillif Congress, have shown all the tielasi,symptoms of cowardice. Notwith standing the. rude and vulgar assault made by:the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. 4ithentin) on the gentleman from Ohio, Aft:. Giddings,) for referring to the nets of *9.1 crave his mercy while I say. lAMnbelieve every northern Senator who i voted for this Texas boundary bill—ter tainlyevery northern Whig Senator—be lieved, and most of them expressed the be lief, that Texas had no shadow of title to ft_le Parlicre, of the soil of New Mexico. ►eigentleinan from Massachusetts, (Mr. Aahmun) this morning declared his firm belief of the tame fact ; yet they voted, laii•iivows his firm determination to • : Still surrendering to Texas more • : 1 aie ltionliand square miles of New , le?gefid giving her ten millions of dot ' - Ifiit*!' For what ! To buy peace from • stiMed•rehels ! This evidence would cer i thinly; prima fade, warrant the conclusion that the 'North were cowards. But' you mbst . iierceive that to be impossibe, when you remember. that they arc the descend sots of the men of Bunker's 11111, of Lex - ingtnn, of Bennington, of Saratoga, and of Prmdywano. .. i Why, sir, it is the effect of mere benev uiPC, , True, we turn pale and tremble lillfliv4af,entl plead and supplicate and !telly yield. It is R , of the effect of F . So 14., hu man i ty — the !Olio rebels of! eppio'yo.iq the milk of human kindness in northern breasts, that it overflows, runs down upon dm sinews and tiered,. and • , . the moisteox . ity elit s eo that ll'!i 1. .." 31 " • • Pkililo4. 4 lflt *ad difi graary &Sibling! of schithern bayonet*, oar frames become ixinviilied and Osir bites Elite together: " Thli is not 'cowardice, bat benevolence t-4hti love of peace 'lf silky ehoeld taunt us with want of courage, as they will do, *lbw we shall have sur rendered ind.been merehed out of camp with: faded liatinens, we can refute it by pointing, sneer revolutionary fathers, as a& factually a could the loceproni of Rome, by voupting the ,connage, of their Tiejan animaters. end ,showing the brave acts of the mighty:Hector:before the walls ofTroy, or of their immediate progenitor, the war like /Etfias, on the plaint of Latitint. It coned, perhaps. to be confessed, that there i* another' cause that operates upon oar commerchil add monied communities. The'prioe of itocks--the ten per cent. are vital and sensitive parts of their nature. which iris their amiable dutyto themselves to nourish. The pocket lies close to the heart, and often 'offsets it with involuntary henna. flat this la not mercenary inter est, but duty ! 1 will now briefly examine the legal and constitutional principles contained in the message,, which have been so severely criticised. The message states that the Constitu tion requires that the President shall take care that the laws shall be faithfully execu tied." That the acts of Congress of 1795 end 1807 declare, that whenever the laws of the United States shall be opposed, or their execution obstructed, by combina tions too powerful to bo suppressed by the ordinary judicial tribunals, or the power vested In the marshals, the President may call forth the military and naval force of the country, as far as necessary to suppress such combinations. That New Mexico was conquered by die United Stater "; pos session taken by her army ; and subse quently it war ceded by treaty to the Uni ted States, who have ever since been in po session as Mexico was before, it never ha ving been occupied by. Texas, nor her ju risdiction excercised over it for ',moment. That by the treaty of cession made be tween the United States and Mexico, this Government expressly stipulated, that un til New Mexico, should be admitted- into the Union as a State, the inhabitants should be protected in the enjoyinent of their lives, liberty, , property, and religion.— That such treaty is the supreme law of the land, and makes it the duty of the Presi dent to protect New Mexico front all in vasions, and (forcible possession' from any quarter, until her true limits are entertain ed and peacuaby settled. And the Presi dent expresses his determination thus to execute the law, and use, if need be. the military power of the Government for that purpose. 'These, I think, are all the prin. ciples to which objection has been made. The gentleman from Georgia. (Mr. Stephens) denies the right of the execu tive to interpose to preserve the laws un a judicial decision has been had, and the process shall have been resisted. 1 shall answer this argument, endorsed by his colleague. (Mr. Toombs) as the argu ment of all on that side' of the question.— ' Wide as we differ in opinion, I always listen to him with pleasure, on amount of the clear, distinct, and fearless manner in which he maintains. his opinion. 1 have much more respect fur bold, sincere, man ly error, than for timid. driveling, waver ing truth. He says further that there are I . i no judicial tribunals n New Mexico to is sue process, and therefore no case can I possibly, arise , within that Territory to justify the Executive interpo sition,. He contends, that although a treaty is by the Constitution the supreme law of the land, that the Presideht cannot execute it until Congress passes laws to enable him tb do so. I think the gemtleman is Wrong both in his law and his facts. Many parts of treaties may be and are executed without any legislative previsions.. Without an act of ..Congress the President is eompe teat to take possession of ceded territory., and of course to hold it. lie may. in,pur seance of a treaty of peace. stop the war, recall the army and navy. withdraw our troops from and surrender captured for ' mums and teritory. All this was done in the case of Mexico without legislativn .en. acunent. urge there are sometimes stipulations in treaties which require the aid of Congress to fulfill. Where money is agreed to be paid, u mentioned by the gentleman, (root. Chorea, the aid of Conk geese is necessary, because the Cenetitu• Lion provides that. "no money shall be drawn from the treasury but in conse quence of appropriations made bY So it is with the other ease, eked by the gentleman, of a commercial treaty grants ing to a foreign power privileges; with re gird to (fides- on iommente • Ineohtietent with existing 'ewe: Theendear:in says truly, I think, that the ireaty citinot to effect uutil Congress repeals those laws. The reason is obvious. The treaty-ma king power has no right to regulate for eign commerce—that Is expresslrreserved by the Constitution to Congress: Itt judgment, such provisions in a treaty are a nullity until ratified, not by the Senate on ly, but by both Houses of Congeals.. I know it has been customary for the Pres ident and Senate to insert such previsions in treaties, and to call on Congress to pro vide for their execution. I think it is a dangerous assumption of power. If inch treaties are valid per se, all the industrial pursuits of the country—the whole sytf tem of imports, of revenue, of tariff of du ties, would be at the mercy of the Presi dent and two-thirds of the Senate. I trust such treaties will be sparingly made. But except where, by the Constitution, the provisions of a treaty require the con current action of Congress, all treaties be ing su prelim laws of the land, may be execu ted by the President alone. President Polk executed a large part of the treaty of Ili• dalgo, withot legislative action. it provi ded for peace. lie stopped the conflict of arms. lie withdrew our troops front Buena Vista and Mexico, and surrendered the fortresses of Monterey, Vera Cruz, and all others in territory, not permanently cc tied to the United States. It is said the President can take no means to protect the peaceable ir.habitants of a territory dto repel invasion, until .'iiilt'` .. a. i P: - P . :tiA -,. . - PA. -..F:141).44,...-A;YEA.4t,it. p<i legal proseedinge 'have 'been had and sue. easefully Misted: Sech,.l think, is not the 'Phil Of the COnstiteti*'llOr's . fair iniitifructimj ortlle acts 6f VoiefiniV. The act ul' 1700, on which the.geatleoan re lies, antherizeis..the use of military force whenever-the Ailnws are iipposed, , or their execution obstructed by combinations too pewee!'to be strppreistfed by the'Ordinary course of judicial proceedings, or by the manhole" , It: don not require previous judeial , proceedings. The fact of oppiarh• dont to the laws by combinations too pow erful to be'stsppressed.by the ordinary pO. lice, and ..judicial outhoritiee, is a contin gency which authorizes the action of the Executive. Such combination need not be judicially proved 'preliminary to action,' or the whole law wouldibe nugatory end useless. Suppose, a body of pirates, Ouch se infest the Chinese semi or Ouch as-for merly descended from Denmark to Invade end plunder England, should navigate the . Rio Grande.and threaten to land by thous ands in. New Mexico. and burn end plea der the country, and destroy the influbi. tants : must the courts summon them to appear before them on a given day and an swer and if they did not, give judgement against them by default, issue their war rant, and have its execution obstructed, before the President could repel them by force I Must the eenstable attempt to seize them and bind them Over'tolieep the peace, before the troops of the United States could ,be placed on the shore, and meet them at the point of the bayonet 1— If this be true, an actual invasion must first be allowed, forjudicial process could not be served beyond the hue. When the Comanche Indians invade a village of New Mexico by night,, and begin, to massacre the inhabitants, most the United States troops withhold resistance untii the effica cy of a magistrate's warrant, or a-sheriff's posse shall have been tried and failed?— Suppose five hundred or a thousand fron tier ruffians, from other States, should as semble within the borders of Texas, with the known purpose of making an inroad upon New Mexico, of taking Possession of the land, exterminating the inhabitainti, and establishing themselves after the an cient manner of the northern hordes: could I not the President order the army to meet them on the border and repel them by force, before.iiny, joilichil proceeding had taken place I The very statement of the, position of the gentleman, I think, shows its absurdity. ; sod when a proposition is reduced to absurdity in logic, as well as iu mathematics, it must bo false. But other gentlemen say, that if a sov ereign State orders such invasion, it chan ges the character of the act, and protects the actore frcirn the operation of those pares of the Constitution and laws on which the President relies. Why so A treaty is the supreme law of the land. The Con stitution declares that the judicial authori ties shall be bound by the Constitution, and treaties made under authority of the United States, anything in the constitu tion or laws of any Stale to the contrary notwithstanding. A law of Texas au thorizing her troops to violate a treaty, is. a nullity, and gives no more authority. than the mandate of a bandit chief. • 'Texas can be in now way injured, by the course of the President. If she thinks she ha's rights, of which she is out of pos session, let her assert them by legal pro ceedings, and they shall be met in the same peaceful manner. If she attempt to assert them by force, let force be the an swer. The argument of the gentlemen would put New Mexico in a position, which would put it out of the power of the Kim. cense ever to protect het, nominee what lawless violence should elitist her. It said the President ,cannot interpose until the judiciary has first , awed; and that there is no judicial organization or officers in New. Mexico. Consequently, the contingency Can never heppen to her which would jos ' tify the action of the President: Nor can' there be power anywhere to proteet her from violence. If this be tree, deploraide is the condition,of that unhappy , people The overruling law of necessity would justify them, and the power who hail unL dertaken to he their guardian, 16 act lit their defence. But the gentleman Is ads: taken. From the time that Mexico WU a vice-royalty of Spain, this province has bad an organized' government. It had one at the. time we conquered it Which, slightly modified by General Kearney, ex isted at the date of the treaty of Hidalgo. By the law, of nations such organisation, with the existiug laws, continues in force until repealed by Congress. They never have been repealed, There is at this mo ment a regular judiciary. from auprenie judges to inferior, magistrates, 'elided al caides. Judicial proceedings are es regu larly conducted and executed' in New Mexico as in Texas. 'Phil, laws. stc,en , forced by the cautery dill (platers. But with or williorn a judiciary, I have, I think, Shown that the President posses , sea the eursitltutional power to .beee the laws executed." If there be no judiciary, the duty of satire interference is 4110r0 -I think, air. that so far se the principles of the; message denouacedtby llteicSouth are concerned, they are.too clearind emuld to be for a. moment , doubted by impartial minds. Thera is one positioti taken in the mei- Inlet which I cannot understand the force of. I think it erroneous; an'Orrors which was prompted by the purest and most amiable thofilees, and admitted inSdvertent ly in the great anxiety to preserve the Mir:- mony of the country. It urges the settle ment of the -Texas boundary ; and as a strong inducement, states that "uo govern ment can he established for New Mexico, either State or Territorial, until it shall be first ascertained what New Mexico is, and what are her limits and boundaries." It is evidently intended to assert that there is an insuperable legal obstacle, to giving government to a territory, or admitking a State into the Union, until her boundarieS are precisely fixed and beyond diepute. 7 -- If this be so, no State could be admitted into, or exist in the Union, with disputed limits, i And yet Massachusetts and Rhode !gaud were admitted into, and have exist ed in the Union for sixty years with un atittled /SW disputed boundaries ; which HFEARLEBB, ill* FREE." t I have only lately been.Aletermineeby the Supreme Court of the,ll/rtited States. Mr. Follt4agg A Them is ()OW a ques tion of contested boo ry between Mas sachusetts antk ithoidio ' Istui. r,„ sOe tv Mr. STt,VENS4 , ,hy do you not Make wa r . oq so* ,lq,itcetmllipg to the mode threatened 4 ,T ,, M!Pit • Mr. FOIV LEA, 4 yvi prefer leaving it to the legal trillenOg. i - • Mr. STEVgNS. No had, unecttled i boundaffeL''llllitip :arid' leis 'were , ~ , both admitted, and'hi hied in the Union with disputed %Midi' l'"Mietiouri sent her Armed force Itikiktind her' jurisdiction over part of the polies as of lokva. Much bluster, but no bloodshed. The Su preme Court flaallyi ided in favor of ilis lowa. Teter !Atoll es ' if& the ifmien with httlitlin,e4 ‘ l O4. 11, f 1 )11..4i4 0-1 4d lirnit l . l .9 Rhil they retch ullsattlett t 9 this day, or we , shOuldttok p ee ; this tFouble.— That sliaputo was k and , recognized by the very act Which; milted her. , Two joipt msolutle r annexing Tex as to the United,Sta d ays: "Congress . „„ . doth consent that 'the err:eery properly included within, sad Alfully belonging to the Itepablie of Tmay be erected into a new State in o ur that the same may be admitted," ilt,,,i. In the 2ii section iftrovides : "Said State to be formed itt to the etljust went by this Gioiern of ell qualignir of boundary, that mair idiot with other governments." The .:.position assumed by this message seems'n he in conflict with Uniform precedenli. Nor do I see anything in the nWelTTlE..iitibieets ' to sustain the remark. time nothing to pre vent Congress front adopting, with regard to New Mexico, the very language of the act miinitting Texas, and to provide "that New Mexico, with titeerritory properly included within, and rightfully belonging toNew lit Axle°, may be erected into a State or 'Verritory, and admitted," &e. She would then have a government, and the question of boundary would be settled as in All like cases. Thigie a venial error. but important to be kfiewn, at it has a me terial'bearing upon our action in this mat ter. , i, ;of . „„_come now to a pa ,of the message, the meaning of which think has . been most romerially and un rtunately mista ken by the gentleman ft m'Alissitatusetts„_ (Mr. Ashman.) In that gross mistake he has done Much to .brittimproach on the Administration. Frout4, that reproach it shall be my elfort, as it la the duty ofevery friend of the Administration, to vindicate it. Ile says that • the President recom mends. a speedy-settlement of the boun dary question, and suggests indemnity; to Texas,. And that, in porsuatice of sunh . reConimendation, we have the present bill before us. He announdes, alio,' in em phone language, the important fact. Opt this bill has his reopen ! And then as a regular consequence, he denounces all those, who are rash enough to oppose it, as reckless fanatics, regardless of the pub lie welfare, and plotters of disunion. and civil war. , Sir, who gave that gentlemen authority to use /inch language, to members of this body who cinema to follow the dictates of their own judgment and, conecienee ? Whose deputy dictator. is hi,?'. But, a. Bove all, who gave loin euthority•to charge the, President with producing or favoring this bill ? W hat covert malignity has urged , him to li x such a stigma on thindtuinistra lion I He has no such authority, atirdoes the administration a pprovo of is,na. I wilt prove Irons the explicit termattE the mossage. lo fact, the ,bill porter ltdrio. WO illtriPitioe4 into the .Sepate days 0190, the wtotirge _wee ivrittep. , . But to the meassippisell, , Thu . message Can leave on the 'rinds clime one ani'doelit OHM Opittion ot the :President as to the true Blithe of Niti Meiiicr,:itptl the °WM' of texas to Any' Part of it:' ' ' ' The Oh ef"l`exas 'being founded no tevotalidttitldne;'edultt not exiit an Ina beyond setual possession;; • The•Prssideut clearly,!shrivrw•that , *114 , 1104er :possessed any pert of New Mexico; that it was , oat copied by Mexico exclueively until it was Conquered and possessed by the .United States. Indeed, if this Were nut so, he could /love no justification in raining • the thriateeed occupation by 'Pens. - The gentleman front Massachusetts (Mr. Ash. men). stated his clear cenvlejon, that Tex as has nut a shadow of ow to any . part of that Territory: . With this distinct o pinion of the President and of the guptle man himself, let us examine that part. of the message on which he founds his charge against the- Eniettlivel . It '.ays ulf the claim of title on *the part of appears to Congress . lb' be well foundedi in. whole Or i 4 n part, it .61 the comueleney ojbrCon gress to Airr f :an, indemnity r* the surrender of that claim.' ' Caw i magnum be plsinet 1. ,It en% ,eirleally, 91, hive given nil, owe. opinion i but if Cohgrou on the Ontrary, believe that New Mexico in whole k Ilk• , in part, belongs `to Texas, then r it would be competent for Congress to pnettifie that claim for a reasonable sum;' ••Nit'intin acquainted With language env Mitriake the distinct impliCation, that Congress believes that Texas has no just right to any part of New Mexieq, it is not competent for Congress to vote away the people's money to purchase a elann which has no foundation. I marvel that the gent leman should venture, from such a pas sage, to charge this Administration with a recommendation to pay ten millions of money, and surrender to slavery fifty thousand square mites of free territory (e -nough for two :4tates) to reward the au dacity of a rebel State. Thank Ream), the message is obnox ious to no such scandal ! The recoitinten dation is patriotic and statesman like, It says, in affect, "if Texos owns this Ter ritory, purchase it front her and devote it to freedom. As she is feeble, poor and proud, deal liberally with (ter. It site does not ()wit it, it is not competent for Congress to offer an indemnity. You `know all these facts. (to oil, fix the trite boundary, and establish either a State or utrrituriat government." These are no ble sentiments, and such as will commend themselves to all manly minds. 1 , But the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Ashmun) says for hitusell; What he g,,XITEXII,E4 6, tsso. cannot be allowed to say for 'the AdMinie tratimir "[know," hesaye, "that Teine has mete 'perk df title to any part of this landT bet ihtothrettens war, and I will vote her terrftory Urger than New York, and ten millions of 'the public money, to parches...a ethical" The Government declares thewhole Co be the rightful pos. reader'. of New Mexico, end they will mantels — it Until the /Blithe of Texas be legally established,/ • Tease rises in her wrath withw. fewsoathem auxiliaries and' threatens berm herrirmies in hostile army ageinstehe (;tovetoment/ Bogie it become the.honor; theLpolieyi ,er the permanent peace of-thenateitt to submit her demands ; to•neentiate.tobuyoirermed rebels! Such I a attires is as dangerous as Witt disgracefuli, and „would he but The distin. visited Senator Blom Keritacky (Mr. Clay) noire/ uttered awebierf at more patriotic; more himane seetimenti then when the 'other day he. declare&a 4 tn t the ..tikinate--).• I steed here in my pliote meaning to be awed by no threats, whether they come from individuate or from , ,.Ounce, If any one State or a,porilon of a Sta*, choose to place themiseleite lentilfrary itrrey - tigeinst the' 0 oterteien tof thi'lltilini;, I ain for: trying the strength of ilte Governmeov of time 'Uteloh.` I ant for dieetteinlng whether we have got it GOvtiehttient'or not--prac tint, efficient. caPetile of tettintaining its authority, ard'orullliolding dW power' end' interests which belong. to the Gotere ment. '*" ' Nor. sir, am Ito be, alarmed-or dieu tided by any such teem as tho intimation Of the spilling of If Wendt!' io bar glint, by whose fault is it to he •epifit" ' ' • I have never'dmibted that the ne - sionrs made to otillifteetitin ie 1833 was the bluer root of ell this trim*, . - lla4 the, stern old her who thett i oceopital the, gx. °cativo chair been permitted to "execute the lamb!", and,Oebete.iLatiiitere. if need Pte eheldd never again hare beard a rebellions minority shoutio,g. "disunion "civil war ?bloody deviuttatitteA • • Sir, if these threete. ere, in coPe4lBo legiulatioll. we,have fie. Goesuomeet, A factioue and rebellious,odnority will, ,rule, tier. A, worse -despotism ceeld Oet , , conceived. ,Ter.fee law. ; ofAlinistory warocua,to melte,,oo, equeeettitute. the, smite ineerkeyetrow which was, pursued be„ - the z[litatish lenders, w hen the .440,4145-41PItites itlo - front their hills with their ma rauding clans, and swept , otl” their leeks and herds:. They ' paid.' them black hien as "indemnity" • for. restoring the stolen' property end to perch: e' temporary for ' be:trance. 'lt in the sylmat whiblt for ages diogracedLthe Chriation. world; while-they paid tribute to the Barbarel'ouseve, The piratieal thavernmellte_olCAlitiers and Tu/ nit; sent ont • Cora/sive to- t pninder 4 ittitt:to, take captive Christiih. men tint Witinen, to self them into slavery: , 'flirt .Hornpean powers; and fora while. the United States, treated' with them, and .paill• them an stump al triliote to ransom' the eeptives and' pur chase a hollow 'peace; stibnite be biekeni to be again repurchased. They nettetelre. ceived /the right kind =ef tributei. until .A. merlon emit 'her. gallant Coolitteilore bombard them et see; and the thereof Atilt* to attack them by lande ed the @nunlike' it udlstenr Uitto;:he Oho, tee. bete 'throe:tit thireatenint of herd eneteltfit Francetli ' , The DeY of Alkieril and Bey of Tunis no longer •ditoorbtree world with the cry ofultensent erlikkoill" InsteadaFtneetittgtthem &Word 7d fiend; digeaertitallßottie paid rtlatiturn. lif!getti. to the Otithe**Vutidals leditee.• dime to return' tb their /Oreille, lielfliteasb' their , deivaitatienstq Tbeirlieripidlty in& *Xte• none sitieitiased. , 'With.l indattailititt they' crished 'het. degteded p!e, and bland the timpire itatit 'AEI list °fault-01 1 c. , flubmisitlnn f Perchnee nor panes l=- IVhe/t has become dr the opirit of our fath ers 'whit+ ettelainietl, Witlions Air tlefence bit nat'i emit for ' - 'dere; parletpe, ought tni). Hitt, 110 . 0010 rd teWheni I am iciplymerlutv'e in . inns;e u ndeatliun diee,useed' the 'rpe t e'op I btitinthiry ; it 80in reettare, weelsall he:4 that subject again before ns, Dpi 1. will ileroie.a few moments to f _ 'l'fietitle of Texas to. any part ef her ; ' territory is *holly revolutionary. She has no:charter, grant. nor erescriptiya ors session. lay the law of nAtions, the right of Revolutionary governments' e etendit no further (her , thpy haVe actually &metier ed, takee, aurlheld in actual pOlit/F*oll. NOIIQ Of their, deereas ? enecunentel ,or preelamations, ere r e cognized ae establish ing oil y the time of the ritinexa anon ortattas "to 410 . flepttbrti., she hail crnkter d ed, was in poesession of a 014 ..iVe eA,tellitOr etetetry elliniugh her in dependepee'ned never hive 'Acknowledged by Mexico. possession was the "bent of her rightful limits when she retie tetbe a republic and' became a Stateo -1 understood the gentleman from Virginia (Mr:Seddon) to, say there might be con avactive possession to more. I think I must havo misunderstood the learned gen denten. • Mr. SEDDON.' The gentleman at. tributes to me what was said by the gen. doom froth South Carolina, (Mr, Wood ward.) He spoke of constructive posses session. I required actual possession. Mr. STEVENS. The gentleman is right. It was the gentletnan from South Carolina. Well, sir, the rightful limits of Texas are now precisely what they were when she wee admitted into the Union as a State. States can make no conquests; fur by the constitution they can make no wars. All conquests made by the army or militia are made for the United Suites. What were her trite limits—her actual possessions when the United States ad mined her and assumed the war ? She held the country between Louisiana and the river Nueees. Beyond that river she did not hold a rod of ground. Corpus Christi, at its mouth, was her furthest military post. Between the Nucces and the Itio (halide, from its mouth to its source, was inhabited by the Meiicans, acknowledging allegiance to that . govern ment and governed by her lows and civil magistrates. On the cast side of the Rio Grande, between it and Texas, lie parts of the ancient Mexican department of 14am aulipas, Coalmila; Chihuahua, and Nett Mexico. The United States sent fie?' troops and her officers, and conquered all of them from Mexico. Gen. Taylor con quered the two first, Con. • Doniphan, Chi huahua, and General Kearny New Mexico. Texas had no army there. She could have none there, for she was a State of the Union. But it is said that the U. States conquered it for Texas. Why not for Kentucky or Mississippi ? Their troops I aided in the battles. The money of the whole Union paid the expenses of the war, ' I and the fifteen millions to Mexico. The conquest was made by the nation, and for • the nation. The territory below New Idexie6 thus conquered, lies between the Rio Grande and the NUCCNI; and between the gulf of Mexico and the lower line of New Mexico, being about one hundred miles wide by six hundred long, contain/ ins more than sixty thousand square miles. independent of New Mexico- Befog but thinly inhabited, the United Slates has • • tacitly permitted Texas to extend her ju..l risdietion over it. Every foot of this ground belongs to the United States. But we have quietly surrendered it to Texas and New Mexico we never did surrender, but have held exclusive posses siert of it since its conquest. True; Tex. as, in 1836, liaised nn act claiming it.— But front that time until the United States conquered it, about twelve years, She d (Ms not pretend she ever took possession. Pa per ex parte declarations give no rights; or we Should own to the North pole. General 'Smythe compered Canada by proclama tion; •Why do we not enforce the title at the point of the bayonet, or extort an din. &amity ?" Disturnal's map, aflixed to the treaty otHidalgo, is relied on as ten ditig to fix the limits of Texas. This is an entire mistake. That treaty does not profess to fix the boundary ol"l'exas.— , map is referred to to designate the line then' agreed 'on between Mexico and the Staters;-and for that purpose aldne. It-deetribee flue except up the Itio Grande to the lower limits of New Mexico Mottlienee , nlotig the line of New Mexico wait fa that river towards the Pacific ocean; That was the line—not between Weed tied" Metico, 'but between the U. States and Mexico, showing clearly that the lanttisti one; side 'of the line belonged to gmiliiited Sates Government, 'and on the othelota' Mexico. AR sound men who have extiminedi4 pronounce the claim Of terse Mr . Clay, concurring 'with -the - late Piesident, beti. Taylor, Atrisert.. Webster, Benton, Ashmun, and others, wluilly repudiate it. Yet we are ketl 'to iuld!fity , thriusaud square miles OCourl'Ortiiory, now free, tol'exas, and sUrtentler it to Slavery ntid give ten mit- Aleph til'papittirfor takiht it. Sir, if Tex as .ilititthotivetta lett 1 would not sell' it to filmier each an ablitirred pur pose; The bill on your table itt a coat plittlitte with Streit dema n d; to Which I ie joke that' the .fireiiitlends 'message gives tio'sailetftin, and impends no such crushing reriptreiribillties dn'' hlii "Mends. I knew thetheitsitrellairecle 'upon us. I km)* llib"teleatt4l6ot;'il ntillititis, if; held by ineteitilitry4thrtulittnev, who surround this 'll l 4ldrellitirMetit 4116 Measure. If success tuk it4lll ertetti'h theifi Olit Ma plundered treasury. I d6"rßit: pret6t: to insinuate tsho are interested in this gigantic swin dler ''-Partimenti& In w•excludes the idea 61+14110Y arein' Congress or in ollice.--;• Sir, I shalt 'regard mine of this pressure. 1 would 4to ;Thll Orifice Id Texas. I would roc land which belongs to Ilea " Nor would 1 give her any to train hetelave& upon. ••Artil above all I should despise myself it shotitd pay her money to purchase peace. Pass this bill, and instead of bringing repose, it will he the cause of constant agitation and sedition.—.- It will beet - nee the fruitful mother of fu ture rebellion; disunion, and civil War, and the final ruin of the Republic. Do your duty firinly-aliow that you are fit to be a government, and this Union will be pc , r. pettish' ; The,Execution of Prof. John W. • Webster. BEAttibraoi PRISONER--THE EAST 'Aibt IX THE TERRIBLE TRAGEDY. Boston, Ahg. '30t11.--;This morning a: 20 thinning 'heroic 10 o'clock, John White IVntattet. reetintly Professor of Chemistry in Harvard University, convicted of the murder of Dr. Deo. Parkman, suffered the extreme penalty of the law, at the jail in, Loverett street, in this city. For some nine past, his conduct and demeanor have been such as to disarm all suspicion, On the parr or those immediately neat Itim, that he would evade the sentence of the law, by taking his life in his own hands. Prot Wehster evidently beeame a sincere peni tent—his habits and conversation betok ened that he desired to die a Christian, at peace with Dad and all the world. The executioner has performed his sad task. Let the civilized world leant that no rank or station can avert the rotribu tion of crime. Yesterday afternoon his amiable wife and three intelligent daughters visited him in his cell. They were with him the p• total time, from two until about half past six o'clock. They ,appeared the same as u. anal. Singular as it may appear, we were assured by the officers of the prison that they parted with that hushand and lather, ignorant of the fart that they would see him again alive ! We Saw them as they passed out or the prison, and we are as fully satisfied of this as we are of any thing within the compass of human judg ment. Immediately after they left, a guard was placed in his cell. Professor Webster, after his family left him last night, as he confidently alleged, in perfect unconsciousness of his coming fate, was scearelled and placed in a new cell, in order to prevent any attempt at suicide. • Dr. Putnam left him at o'clock. and from that time till 12 he passed the time in devotional exercises. At 12 he fell into a sort of doze, but did not sleep heavily, awaking at tirnee and coaveming : Ile spoke of his impending fate with forth tittle and resignation, and mood tube TWO DOW.I4RB rriAti - -.6: sgatEEM4'l" , . grateful that the time of his &Who& ir - 1 kept from his family. Mr. Sohief and Nev. Mr. - 1411CMIVRIO with him in the morning. set dutingt 11110 former part of the visit of his John U. Itiightesf,- &A NY/ Olt"' jail; end EdWard 3. Jones, vete' gist!'"' to Witch the prisoner dm* dair although there was litte apprfebesnithoirdniV . he Would commit suicide. The preeaMe- tion, however; is usual. Mr . . Jones was the °Snell' obb onbilL (Jed Prof. Webster throogbt die sietwor„ stag Leighton, was eonspitoonts 161: Ina ' kindness anti attention to this' man, from the' piocetirtegs knits until his executiOn. " • Last night Rev. Pr. Pelham" ftWigibed about two hotfrit with Prot: Welierihit,, tad in devotional exerhier. - * ' W hen the former Ladle% lir Alfdriltit centineed his dermions. - ana at times cs* versed with considerable freesias" in& the officers in attend:owe, Ibll eameisSlE of his doom. He more than once ternailrEd had a perfect thew! and horror at die thought of being hung, but had giatillani it; he had no fear. but Wail peliketlfr fully prepared to meet bit hue, His appearance- during the of& see.' ed to confirm his statenteni in nitaki ley being reconciled and resigned. His health rtftsained t nod &Mil aphilk he was calm. At the various naked to the dawning of a neir day bit" neettselt lttr be somewhat agitated, but loan 1110011 L his composure by advice; He breakfasted upon teased entre* Ida bread, inviting offieert to vitiate eattlit bid). and - furnishing them !Imo!: He had apparently not kat sax *Mt (luring his confinement, bat if anYttdair had gained. The erection of the gallost. wit War menced at daylight and was anopkted at 8 o'clock. _ . . Pursuant to a requisition Maar brrifigit Sheriff Evlath, a force of 129 mos. 6111 W sisting, of 100 policemen and aramlnieln. and 23 ronstables; *as detailed foe duty: The latter and 23 of the polite bier ing stationed Mate yardl and the metal* 73 outside: lie position of the scaffold itt tre Ofthe ya *as More open iodic sietirill outsiders than it would leave- Wed ill ridij other spot, giving perhaps double the Heir which was fttrordect at the executitht of Wastii Ivo n Goode_ - • *flie change from the narthirest tamer to the centre of the yard shut ogee Ititits from the direction of Wall sweet; IRtt k did not diminish the extensive vietriittrie the buildings on bowel stmt. eil extcusivek to the view firsts Linn* street. At S o 3 'clnek the oritrtemt.est,iineiled br the' high Sheriff, and the authotitieo nC the State, begat! to came io, erthitV l aff *- bout 123. At 10 itiinittes before 7 High 4herilf I?,yleth ealied the manes eeetsised the list of the witnesses. Ile dint odd they had assembled by his invitseieit se lawful witnesses id the regencies of Asia W. Webster. Ile requested them tp keep ordyr during: the solemn eeretoopilw,,,„ The company then funaeil ie selkese two by two; and visited the prisenerlsteff. Where Rev. Dr. Putnam oireved payer.. He made the preparations for --tutsiongr the seethild with firmness, and Oltooki NU • pCreoll6 v. , ere admituol t the jail pod. sad the house tops and windows adjoin*** jail were crowded with people. tostlodivg. ; many ladies. The streets meow thjojoill • were aha, crowded. At 9 o"tiork. *a List, religious services were corrian Whir l'utnant consisting of a Carrot. proyetrAr—, lie invoked the presence the spilt and grave of God for him, SO soon to die.: . he pr-ayed that the prisoner's repentance might ho accepted, and that he oeiglitche' prepared to meet his dooms. lie prayed ler the prisoner's ofannkr. that the consolation of (tad's mono= mod: grate might be theirs; that olottotlitek • ti me of death should hare come they toiegak meet the prisoner in lierten, whom Am* Would be no severing of the ties of.olioon, Lion. Alto fat . the Lundy of dos wok* , ed man. Ile prarctl for the Shetig, hi aosiloaale generally - , and for the °likes* of ihr- Nor generally, and for the wit:lesser. Ind far* persons. About twenty mitnanesptast Oise; the prisoner was hrunkt oat to the. e r the prayer, the primmer's anus atria' pinioned, and with a firm. stop he lotuotheti' to the gallows by Dr. 11'1112112/11. His fare was lug fleshy as whets he was" first arrested, tkruugti of a deathic pan*. His I .ouk was that of one who ha d mitred deadly sin, sad was shoos to poi* . , for it with his life. W tide tlat Nitta vas nabs? thee,* wartaut. Webster was maven* • milk Putnarnapparewly with ussalwassurness; at the cottelasiou, his logs went welt pulp." jolted aotl the :ope placed Alit isiisiteat which caused but 4e4t to blush. • - There were, trident signs of soppeimmil powerful feeling. The Mart eap was lOW ced on his head, the Sheriff proclaimed with a loud voice that he was about at do execution on, the body of Jobe W. W ter,, for the , murder of Dr. G. Patties*.. This eetutueueeuteat of dio appsoaela of death caused a attoressest of ibis badly 1 . of the prisoner, whose faest was Whoa view. The spring was sdoeisaL, 1/4 with a fall of nearly eight fsecalsas J er of Dr. Parkinau was Luairdsed isms asald pity. He died 3pp:trendy widows sassier ly a struggle. The body, after !email,* esomia." for half an hour, was lakes dowasetdoel aniinctl ; life was found io be ealure, el 4 • it was placed ita a sail corim, for ereamojeK - slop to Canibridgr. Prof. Webster bad wooled Ilia islibior4 ing disposal of his body. Wewtea tiew the corpse or to be ortawskeisly ' the cell lately oceoprol by bier--.o the officers of the jarl to be pension, email it. Instead of the tomb pia* edits ed ustrelliy by dorlimibeeitierrAii 10401 11 111111 1 body to be Owed is ewe of w id* will bet procured b r iot a law herust, eight, itisita6W' ' iffl the reeidekee •tler huidA t .;. '- The fileenitierepli4oll A Plll4ll,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers