" THE STAR OF THE NORTH. f' f" ' " ' ...... ■ ■■ -i and onr Couutry. tTwo D# n ars per VOLUME 7. THE STAR FO THE NORTH IS PUBLISHED EVERT THURSDAY MORNING BT • H. W. WEAVER, OFFICE— Up stairs, in the new brick build ing, on the south side of Main Steert, third square below Market. TER M S 'Two Dollars per annum, if paid within six months from the time of sub scribing ; two dollars and fifty cents if not paid within the year. No subscription re ceived for a less period than six monlhsg no discontinuance permitted until all arrearages are paid, unless at the option of the editor. ADVERTISEMENTS not exceeding one square will be inserjed three limes for One Dollar and twenty-five cents for each additional in sertion. A. liberal discount will be made to those who advertise by the year. For the Star of the Roth. FACTS AND FANCIES. THE evening was lovely. The sun was sinkingbehiud the distant hills—all nature seemed at peace, it was a time for reflection, and my thoughts turned to the days of my childhood—to tne bright happy scenes of the • days of my infancy—to those hours of in nocent mirth and gayety that will nev er, never return ; and 1 pictured to myself the pleasant white cottage among the hills, and memory led me back to the cool shaded spring where a large willow threw its grace ful branches over tho pure cold water, and near by was a rustic arbor, over which my sister, brother and I had trained with so much care a luxuriant grape vine. For several sum mers we used ail the means in our power lo have it bring forth fruit, but in vain. In spite ol all our efforts, our toil, our truiuiug, r.ol a single grape made its appearance. Yet un grateful as it seemed lo us, we cherished it still, and when our father would have de stroyed it, we en'reated tim to spare it; for though it bore no fruit, yet its beautiful foli age sheltered us from the summer's sun. Ah! I must not forget the orchard that grew on the bill side. Oh ! what delicious peach es we used to gather, and apples too. With what delight would we ramble through the woods and meadows and gather the lovely , wild flowers. And I remember what pleas- j ure 1 took in calling them fairy thrones, anJ imagining that perhaps there sometimes | dwell in each violet a little spirit that had its home in that bright happy place thai our mother used to tell us of, methinks she call ed it HEAVEN. Yes often would she gather us around her, and point to the skies, and talk to us of that delightful place, and tell us that belore long she hoped to dwell shere. And leave us alone mothet I we would ask, what will we do without you ! Then she would tell us of a being who was always willing to take care of us,even though our parents were gone. And I remember too with what satisfaction I would watch the stare as they made their appearance one by one in the evening and fancy they were windows in Heaven through which the angels looked down and watched us. A thousand other fancies flitted through my brain and I busied myself in building splendid glass castles in the air, when tbe shrill but well knowu voice of a fe male fell upon my ear like a thunder-bolt: — " Why Jemima Ann, what upon artlt are you about! 1 thought you went out an hour ago to milk the cows!" I started, looked around me,and with some surprise and chagrin found myself on the top of a six rail fence sta ring toward the West with all the interest of a practiced gazer, weaving bright fancies and burldirjg air castles which faded away at the sound of thut shrill voice,like mist before the sun. Jumping down from my exalted po sition, seizing (he milking pail which lay at" my feet, I went to perform my duty with a heart neither heavier nor lighter than it had been an hour before. EFFIE. Suck Horn. , ■ , Deatb of Lord Rnglntr. Lord Raglan died nominally of dysentery. But it will be observed that bis seizure comes just after the failures of the English attack on the Redan, in which an old blunder that the British made at the battle ufcNew Orleans was repeated, and where, under a murderous fire, it was discovered that by some oversight tbe scaling ladders had been forgotten. Tbe French General bad complained of inefficient support, and his government had remonstra ted with that ol Great Britian, and applied fqf his reoall. In such circumstances, there ' can be but little doubt that bis death is rath-1 er to be attributed to non-success and antici pated disgrace, than to tbe ordinary effect of disease. j The Emperor Nicholas died a few months since, unquealionably more from a constitu tion worn out by disappointed ambition pro ducing disease, than any other cause. Mar shall St. Arnaud was hurried to his grave by the anxieties of the desperate undertaking of landing in the Crimea under a decimating disease. General Conrobert bas so.far failed to meet expectations, and retired indeject.on while the Russian Generals in command have all failed of a tingle achievment. We say nothing of the boat of inferior men who have died or been disabled, or dismissed, or re tired in disgust, from Admiral Napier to Ad miral Boxer. So far the war has exhibited much personal bravery and heroic conduct, but a miserable want of generalship and ef fieienoy all round. Pelissier began with a few brilliant strokvs, but albat once comes under an eclipse,and seems unable to emerge •gain. " It is war, therefore, in whioh no General, no Ministry and no country eugfged baa gained a particle of glory or of lerntory, but in whioh all have sunk immense amounts of treasure, and loat public confidence; in wfclch U kind* of eoieutifio inventions bare BLOOMSBURG, COLUMBIA COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY. JULY 26, 18551 been tried, and nothing efTected beyond the satisfactory discovery cf the value of earth works lo counteract them atl. It seems as if it were a war made expressly to exhibit the vanity of war and nothing else. So far it has not laid bare quite so much of its wick edness, perhaps, as usual. Fewer cities have been sacked, and fewer innocent, peace ful inhabitants slaughtered, because Kertch and Balaklava have been the only towns captured. Thus far the horrors of war have fallen elmoat exclusively on the armies, and not the peaceful citizens ; on public, not on private property; on the officers with more se verity than on the men. In lact,il seems to be an unmitigaisd exposure of the curse of war, without any one thing to arouse the sympa thies of spectators in favor of either party, but simply to awaken a feeling ol pity for both. What sympathy can the United Slates feel in behalf of the Allies ? Louis Napoleon is not less an Emperor than Alexander. His government is more at war with the liberty of its citizens, and is a greater outrage on freedom, because there is in France a great er sense of freedom to outrage than in Rus sia. The Allies, if they had been success ful as they hoped, would lucre been very apt, in the flush of victory, to turn this country. In Europe, tbe alliance with France has lied '.he hands of England, so as to make her policy less in favor of liberty on the continent, ami more for upholding des potism, than it has been for a generation. It is equally idle to talk of our sympathizing with Russia in this struggle. A perfect des potism the destroyer of Hungary, the prop of absolutism in Europe, bent on extending its dominions by conquest, it is impossible lo believe the world has anything to hope from her success as a nation. True, her Emperor has always been polite and liberal in his in tercourse with the United States ; has em ployed her citizens, contracted and paid lib erally for their locomotives and their ships, but her peoole are half barbarous, the best apology perhaps that can be made for them for entrapping and firing upon a flag of truce. Nor is ih ere any hope of liberty, or good ; of any kind, crowing out of lha present eon- J lest. Even the sick roan.. Tnrkey, will be ) bled to death by his physicians, as much as by his toes. If Franco and Eogland capture the Crimea, they will quarrel over the spoils ; and if they fail, they will quarrel through mutual recrimination. All Europe is com ing round, increasingly, to the position of the United States, in seeing nothing whatev er to hope from the present struggle, let it terminate as it may. If it only make all na tions less dispbsod to meddle in each other's quarrels, less in favor of war, and more dis posed for peace, it will not, however, have been without iis utilities'—Ledger. A Country singing Muster at the Opera- New YOKK, August 4, 1854. Dear Juke: —l've seen sights sinco I left home. I've seen ships and monkeys, and the 'clips of the sun, and Barnurn, and organ grinders, and Jullien and the Musical Con gress; I've been in the Crystal Palace, and the tombs, and lots of other places too nu merous to write about. But I want to' teli yon that I have been to the opera of Binssa Yellow to-night, to soe 'em operate. None hardly but big bugs and us musicians go to tho opera, for it costs a dollar, and that's more than some people can pay for singing, and preaching a whole year. I can't tell you much about it, for several of the operators belong to the choirs in the fashionable church es in the city, mid have lamed to sing (hat nobody can understand them. Now, Jake, I'll tell you what 'opera style' is. When yon see a girl, or anybody else, wriggle and twist, and mm tier head, and roll her eyes like a pious duck in a shower, and not speak plain enough for you to understand a word, that's 'opera style.' That's the kind most all choirs hereabouts are trying to imitate, aud some of them come mighty nigh it too. Well, as I could not understand the words of lha opera, I will tell you what I can remember about the operation. When I went in, thoro was only three or four hundred people; for this is a very select opera, and but few go to it, because they can't opprociate it. Some fellowa sat in front of a big platform playing on aome fiddles and brass horns, and such like. I tell you, they made 'em acreech. The racket beet the nanny roogins when they went round town dressed up so funny. Well, after they play ed awhile, a great painted sheet was rolled up. It waa covered with pictures, you know, like the pretty bed of ours that that fellow stamped those pea-fowls, and elephants, and wagon wheels on. When it rolled up, there stood a fellow dressed like a monkey. He sung and tried 10 walk, but went one way and then another way, then strutted just to show his fine clothes. After be had sung in some heathen language awhile, out came lots of girls with no dresses on—ouly just pet ticoats all sorts of colors, and some of the ug liest looking fellows you ever did see, with 'em. They sung a song, and then a woman came out with a shiny dress on. She had a scolloped thing on her head. I suppose it is what they call the 'primas du-no;' but 1 should call it a crown. She wae mighty proud of it, but soon something hurt her; lor oh ! how she pot her hand on her bosom and equalled I Then she went round to the fel lowa, who bowed, and that made her feel ea ay, but aoon aha equalled again, and every body clapped their handa as if they were glad but I pitied her, and wanted her taken off and given a doae of paregoric, or aomethin. At laal, after a bard squall, she aat down in a chair when out ran a girl with her sister's clothes on! Jake, it'i a fact; her coat didn't come down lo her knees ! She ran, whirled round and round, kicked her heels higher than her head, and the people laughed but I was ashamed. I never before seen anything tike it in my life. Then came out a girl that cut up and made all sorts of motions. She didn't say anything but she did expose herself so that when they got done they knelt down and prayed. I suppose they were pitying about her acting so shamefully, for they looked mighty sorry. I don't know what they said, for they seem ed to use the language of the Mormon preach er out by Hans Ingledyno's—the Adamit lan guage. After the prayer was done, someof'em went behind lite partition, (I tell you it looks very queer,) and soon they felt happy and sung mighty pretty. But they stolo the tune, for it was 'composed expressly'for a book for school girls when they wanted lo sing about flowers and make a queen. I've sung it lots of times. After a little while, out came tho girl with the crown on, holding oft one of the most Arabic looking fellow you ever saw. He looked like the picture of some Turkey chap fighting with Russians. Well, this girl was tickled to think she was mar ried, (that's natural, you know, with 'email,) arid she smiled, and wriggled, and squalled, then she let go his arm, gallqped of! one side, and told a chap sotnetning that nobody could understand. He bowed; then she went to another, and he smiled; and she wenuto an other, and be smiled; and she went round to all, but when she came to the girls they did not smile, no, they were ail disappoint- j ed. All this time that dumb girl was running round, making motions, and pointing at the new husband. I believe, Jake, he bad boen doing something wrong, or this poor girl wouldn't have looked so bad. She looked as sorrowful as the picture of the 'Maid and her Milk-pail,' in our spelling-book. Right here tbe curtain dropped, and the (idling fel lows crept through some holes under the platform. I didn't much like their playing, for it was too loud. It reminded me ol many who play on the organ alchurch. They make the organ swallow the ehoir, and that is not | tasty. I believe the words ought to be heard ! when people sing. Well pretty soou the curtain rolled up, and then I saw why it had dropped, for every one had pulled off,his or her clothes and put on others to go a fishing, and there they stood a fixing their fish seines. While they work ed, one tn an sung, aud it gave 'em fits, and they jumped up aud ran off. Then two men came out, and sung to ono another, and mo tioucd as if they would fight. When they got through—would you believe it! some ol the women who came to listen, threw %rH ers at them. 1 reckon it was lo get them to try it again, to see if ibey couldn't do better, aud they did. Soon the dumb girl, who couldn't speak, ran out as if she Was going to drown herself; but I tell you it was only pretence. It was just like Nancy Bandy, who always fainted in meeting when she could be sure tujall in to the arms of some nice young man. Just so it was with this gitl. The lellow got his arms around her and she made believe she wauted to get away but she didn't though.— Soon a chap behind the' partition saw what was going on, and raised a yell vvjirch brought the whole crowd lo the platform. They equall ed, and bowed, and courtosied, and pointed and shook hands. What under the sun they did it (or, I couldn't tell. Soon down drop ped the curtain, and (he lidlcrs crept under the platform again. In a low minutes up went the curtain, and sure as 1' rn living, the man had been fish ing, and the women had been to the barn hunting eggs and here they had them to sell: Every one seemed anxious as hack drivers down lo the steamboat landing lo secure pat ronage. I couldn't keep from laughing just i to look at 'em and heat tliem tell how good and cheap their traps vtare. They would make good hands to stand in mock auctions g;,d sell watches |o green western fellows, j Soon a queer looking chap said something to | two girls, who laid down their plunder, aud lie put his arm around them—aud they let him, too—and they walked on the platform. What do you think they were going to do! Why, each was trying to see which could put the foot the highest aud turn round the fastest. The way the short clothes stood out and formed a periphery was a caution. I felt so ashamed that 1 just looked at the toe of my left boot, and supposed that everybody else was doing the same; but on looking cautious ly round, I found the spectators, men and women, were looking with all their might, and soma had spy-glasses. This did astonish me. But tbe laol is, Jake, I am told that the short er and lighter the petlicoatir, the longer and heavier the stamping. Well, the rest of the operators looked at these dancers for a while, ar.d not being able, I suppose, to stand such wickedness, they all fell on their knees and prayed again, and no wonder. Well, soon after the prayer, a chap who seemed to have a spite against the girl that made tbe people believe that she couldn't talk, tried to catch her. The man jumped in ahead of bim, and they fought with tin swords and pop-guns, and such like, add killed tbe fellow, and down dropped the curtain. Whether that was the end of the opera or not, I'don't know! but I thought it ought to be, so I came off. Now, Jake, what do you thick of it! I would like to tell you about soma of the church singing here, but this letter is a heap too (oug already; so you must wait until my next. Your affectionate brother, WILLIAM PILKINS. From the Presbyterian Critic THE A2IEKII AN PARTY. Tbero is no demand whatever, for a great national movement against the Catholio Church. The recent excitement in the coun try has been, ia the main, the rasnlt of a cor rupt movement cf unprincipled politicians, to excite the Protestant feeling of tho people, and to ride into power upon the tide. They have run foul of the great maxim, whioh they have so conspicuously tot forward a mong their principles, as if for of exposing the profligacy of the whole movement, by violating in practice what they oppose in theory. It is to deny, that making tho mere religious sentiments of a man, the reason of refusing to vote for bim, is a violation of the great principle of religious liberty. It is allowing a principle of discriminating the political aspect of a vote to be sound and just; which would be wicked and nnprincipled, if embodied in a law. If our neighbors make their dislike to our Presbyterian sentiments, the ground for their refusing to vote for us, it is perfectly useless to disguise, that we are under politi. cal responsibility for religious opinions—that, quoad hoc, we are suffering for them. The objectionable feature in this view of the case* is, making religious opinion unattended by any viciousness of action growing out of it. a ground for an universal discrimination in political affairs', affecting permanently large masses of citizens. This is our first and great objection to the American or Know- Nothing party; it is violating the very prin ciple of religious liberty, which it professes to conserve; and has adopted a construction of that principle which strips it of all prac tical force, leaving it a dead letter in the statute book, and abandoning its control over the political action of the people. We object again to a political movement against the Catholic church, because therg is no necessity for it, piovided the people of this country will properly employ the legiti mate agencies of opposition which are in their power. The simple and sufficient con dition of the preservation of the Republic from the aris ol Romanism is, the full and efficient support of the Protestant Church— the complete and animated maintenance of the Domestic Missionary enterprise of the various Protestant denominations. This is the great conservative element of our politi cal system ; to sustain and vivify it with the vigorous energy Which it onglit to possess, and it need r.ot to be feared that any of the great social or political interests tjiat are con ditioned upon it, will over come to harm.— It is the only,—not less than the only legiti mate power which can be effectively em- i ployed to restrain Popery, and maintain the ! institutions of our government. All perse cution no matter how disguised in form, or limited in extent, will endure to the benefit' of the body enduring it. The policy then, j of restraining Popery by political disabilities ! inflicted upon the individual Catholic, is sui- j cidal in the extreme. It will "concentrate and intensify the attachment of its members, i and reader them more and muro unapproach- j able by Protestant instruction. It will create ; sympathy, and thus open wide the door to ; proselytism, and it will put the Church in j an altitude far more attfuctive, as the victim j of an unjustifiable crusade, than it is at all ' entitled to assume from its intrinsic charms, ■ How long is the world to be teaming the 1 lesson and never coming to the knowledge i of the truth, that tdl means but reason and i love, to effect tho opinions of men, only re- j suit in strengthening attachment to their i original convictions ! The principle of this opposition to Popery is vicious, and the more completely it is carried into effect, the '< more disastrous will be the result. The more completely the political victory over Popery, the more it will he benefitted. The only effective—as it iB the only lawful, gen eral and permanent agency of opposition to the Popish Ctiutch, is the true Protestant' Church of Christ under its various forms.— j We have no right to complain of the ineffi- | ciertcy of a means, until we have employed it fully, and tested all its capacities. Let the people of the United Stales double theit sup port of the great Domestic Missionary work, aud they may salely abandon all political agitations against the Catholic Church. We object again to tbe American party, that it is condensing the Catholic and For | eign element in our population into a poiiti- j i cal body, distinct from the mass of our citi zona, armed with all their power to do mis- j chief, and animated bv all that hostility which is natural to men suffering under an I ostracism ot their religion and birth, and provoked by an attempt to diminish their full equality with other citizens. Now what does Kuow-Nolhiiigisni propose to do for the remedy of thisevil which it bjis 1— It only proposes to render the" Catholic MI! Foreign citizen* ineligible them the to emigration great means of misubieffi^^^^^^^^^^H to use them. There the Pope's overV^^^^^Kdd except in taking away the altogether. Now it is, to Say the most manly and honest policy, to pro hibit the entry of a Catholic and a Foreigner altogether, into the country, and to tbe right* of citizenship, ra<her than invite them to come and then begin to annoy them by a whole series of political disabilities, which are assumed to be essential to a defence a gainst them. Indeed, the inference of the Know-Nothing creed, on both the issues it has raised, is a logical and practical blundei from its own premise*. It assumes in the strongest sense of an existing faot, not as a logical inference from the Ctholic-creed,the * .4 , m .* * * # absolute inoompatability of the Catholic Church and the free institutions of this coun try. This is the premise: its inference is to render the individual Catholic ineligible 'o office: the true inference from the premise as they construe it is, that the Catholic Church ought not to be tolerated at all. On the other issue, the premise is, that the for eign element in our population is dangerous to the government: the inferor.ee is, the re duction of a part of the right of citizenship —the eligibility to office, in the foreigners nlready here,and an extension of the term of naturalization. The true inference is, the I prohibition of all emigration for the future, and the avoidance of every thing that would exasperate tho foreign element already in the midst ol us; the careful observance of every thing which would tend to strengthen their attachment to the institutions of tho country. Thes9 are the results which logically is | sue from the premises of the Kitow-Nolhing . creed, and which they are logically required to assume. But tliey dare not do it: lite measure they propose to adopt—the exclu sion from office—is ridiculously incomplete as a practical expedient: it is a most impotent and lame conclusion, as a logical inference. It is absolutely necessary, either to cease this political crusade against large masses of the people, or to make it efTecttial lo accom plish, not only the ends it holds in view, but to prevent the incidental evils the effort at reform has created in its ptogress. Nothing short of a far more effective diminution ol the common rights of citizenship than has i yet dared lo assume the shape of a public proposition, will meet the ends which the American party are seeking lo accomplish. It is absurd lo admit large classes of men to all the common rights of citizenship, except one, and that by no means (he most impor tant one. If there is a reason why they should be deprived ol one, it is u reason why they should be deprived ol all. If it is right to allow them to vote, it is right lo al low them to be voted for; the one right is al most, if not altogether, to correlative of the other. Any argument which would prove a man disqualified for office, would prove him disqualified to vote. There may be special reasofs why particular offices, involving the representation of the national character, as well as the national policy, should be exclu sively occupied by native born citizens ; but this is very different in nature, ami proceeds upon a wholly different principle of political wisdom, from the universal declaration of ineligibility to all office, among largo mass es of citizens. That elegibility, attaches as an incident, or inheres among the mass of the common rights of citizenship ; and it is absurd lo admit the citizenship in general, and e'eny this single capscity whioh it in volves. This principle of action involves the explanation of the difficulty raised by the writer in lite Critic for May, in relation to the elegibility of a Chinese or a Mahom medan. This question will be settled by (be settlement of a previous question, and that is. whether large masses of such persons, Pagans and Polygarnists, are to be admitted at all lo the permanent and general partici pation in the rights of citizenship in a Chris tian Country! It is on this question, tbe great Mormon issue now ripening lor trial, will bo deter mined in a lew years. Conceding this issue as determined in the affirmative, all minor questions, such as elegibility to office, and propriety of voting such persons into are settled : it is absurd to question the or dinary propriety of allowing by vote, what is allowed by law. The whole question, as a general proposition, is determined by the permanent admission of large masses of per sons in view, to tho common rights of citi zenship. It is one th\n|f to allow specific privileges to individual foreigners residing on our soil, for specific purposes; but it is altogether another, to disfranchise in pari, and by a principle designed to be perma nent, immense masses of men already per manently a part of the population, and so recognized. We insist, therefore, that Ihe wholo movement must rstrace its progress, or go forward : it is unwise in the extreme lo leave all their power for mischief in their hands, resulting in part from their simple existence in the country as a pan of its pop ulation, and, in part, Irom tbe privileges are still to be left them—and then exaspe rate thern lo use it, by atteroptir-g t 0 r „j uce their full political equality witL citizens of other birth and other religious opinions. We object in the lust place, and wi(h deep severity of conviction, to the principles of organization adopted by the American or Know-Nothi.ng party, acd to some of the particular features which they have embodi ed in ineir order. If ever any priaciple waj it war with the very foundation of tbe Amer ican Republic, it is the principle ot a jflltek htth bound organization of dangerous, hoslilegJHF HjHntmental maxims of Republican liberty, Bad, in its existing aspect, demoralizing in a degree. It strikes a blow at that great maxim of the government —the HPnlgence of the people—an essential ele- Phut of republican liberty. What matters it how much intelligence tbe people may have, if political men will conceal from them the elements npon which lo employ that in telligence, in the foundation f an opinion and the adoption of a polioy. The duties of a man ia correlative. If it is the doty of the people to require knowledge of any party claiming their suffrage, before they endorse them, and it is tbe duty of that party to give it. No party has a right to retire into tbe dark, bind itself to ssoreoy under oatb, unfold what they please god conoeal what they please from the people; the shadow of a moral right to give their sanotion to lliat, of the proprie ty of which, they are not informed. More over, this principioof organization will prove utterly subversive of the Constitution of Ihe United Slates, by placing the legislation of Congress in the hands of an irresponsible as sociation of its members; in a body unknown to the Constiiution, distinct from Congress its self, existing within but independent of nil responsibility to any public or recognized law. .The Congressional Council, itself at war with the Constitution, will be under the control of the National Council; and the re sult will he, thai the Congress of the Uuited States will become, under the full success of Know-Nothing principles, a mere registry of decrees to a body in the heart of the country —unknown to the Constitution—oxisting, no one can tell where—aiming at, no one can tell what. It is a principle of party organi zation, which, by demanding the unlimited submission of the minority to the majority, annihilates the balance power of a Parlia mentary opposition, and all the advantages •that belong to it. It extinguishes the person al independence of die voter, destroys ihe ju risdiction of conscience over the political con duct, and make it a condition to the preser vation of his integrity, if the voter should happen to scruple a measure or a man pro posed by tiie Order that he absolutely aban don the parly altogether. Lastly, if this principle ol secrecy and ob ligation under oath, is legitimate for one par ly, it is legitimate lor all: every party may adopt it: the Bag Nichl' clubs of the for eigners of tho West, are wholly justified; and the whole political dostinies of the coun try may be controlled by secret oath bound organizations—a hybrid mixture of Masonry and a political caucus, with all good in eitber spoiled by the conjunction. Can any man in this nation contemplate such a prospect—the legitimate result of the principle of organiza tion adopted by the Know-Nothing party— without emotions of alarm amounting lo ter ror ? It is a principle, legitimate in a condi tion of society, where the lives of men are dependent on the fidelity of their political as sociates: it is utterly abominable in any oth er. Yet the accomplished writer in the Crit ic lor may, would place such a principle, in point of political morality on the same foot ing with the vote by ballot! We have only to a Id, that if the National- ' ity, the Federal Uuion, and the Protestant 1 civilization of this country is dependent upon 1 tho conservatism of this new political oombi- ' nation, its past acts indicate most fearfully 1 that gloomy limes are ahead. lu Debt or Out of Debt- Under the old Romans,the debtor who could ' not satisfy his creditor, became the slave of i the man to whom he owed money. It would even seem also that, in some cases, the law ■ permitted the creditor lo put his debtor to | death, and this not in the gentlest manner ei ther. i In this day, the debtor is uo longer liable , to be sold in open market, to be driven un der llie whip, or to be tortured to death in , revenge for having cheated his creditor. But, though he escapes being reduced to the nom inal conditiou of slavery, actually he is no • longer his own master, but, in part at least, belongs to another. The debtor cannot leave his State without the consenJ of his creditor. He cannot enjoy the complete fruits of his labor, for he has to pay interest on his. debts, even when he makes no attempt to liquidate the principal. He cannot oven avuil himself to the full of the chances that fortune presents, (or he dare not, in justice to his creditors, embark in ventures of great hazard. The debtor is, therefore, still in bondage. He is a citizen shorn of half his privileges. Ho fills a posi tion of quasi slavery. To this condition, moreover, he has gener ally sunk by his own folly. Though some times he has only indiscre'.'ions to answer for, quite as often he is Uhargablo with wil ful errors. Rarely is ',,0 wholly without fault. Extravagance, indolence, want of thrift, and other purely faults, make shipwreck of the largest proportion of those who fall in to deb.,; A few, indeed,becom e victims to circumstances, which no human foresight could divine ; but these form the exception, not the rule. The ordinary debtor, therefore, has little cause lo censure others for bis slate of bondage. He was a slave to his appetites, or lo culpable inefficiency, before he be came a slave to his debts ; and, in fact, he became the slave of the last, because he was already a slave to the fiist. If he has sacri ficed his independence, it has been by pur suing a line of conduct which he know, or ought to bavo known, would reduce him to tbu slate of a dependant. As nations oannot remain free without self-discipline, so nei kter without it can a man be exempt from ebt. It is as idle lor ihe one to deplore his pariial slavery, as it is for the other to be wail the liberties it wantonly threw away.— Oar vices, whether we act in an individual or national capacity, are the real tyrants that degrade and subjugate us. "Who would be free himself must strike the blow;" The quotation is as applicable lo the debtor as it is to a people groaning in chain*. He who would recover his lost free dom, must retrace the steps by which he sacrificed it. Ai man talis from his "high estate" of pristine freedom from debt, by ex travagance, neglect of business and want of prudenoe, so he can only recover it by thrift, energy, oaolion and self denial. Tbe prac tice of these virtues also must be eevare in proportion to the extent of his involvements. The thorny road to be travelled will appear NUMBER 27. I lbs more difficult from lbs rose-leaves vrilh ■ which formerly be ao thoughtlessly strewed bis path. Bat herd though the way may be, i it is not impossible to a strong self-reliant i soul; and tae straggle always strengthens : and ennobles the character. Great men make themselves such by discipline, as the oak hardens by cold or tempest. Never despair, even if in debt. Some of oar richest men were once in debt. To have been in debt, and recovered from it, is, in some respeots, a prouder boast than never to have known what it was to owe money. To every one who is in debt, wo say, be gin from this hour to get out of it, else you will lose all that is left in you whiob is uoble or independent, or heroic. Toe longer you remain in debt, the more degraded you will j become. Don't put off" for a single day be ginning to reform, for the task will be the harder with every hour of delay. Be up and doing ! Now, or never! — Ledger. Merited Tribute. The Wilkesbarre Record pays the follow ing handsome compliment to the memory of Samuel P. Codings, From a late antagoniat the tribute ia doubly valuable: " The knell of death again grates upon our ear, hearing the sad in'elligence (hat SAMUEL P. COLLINGS Esq., U* S. Consul at Tangier, Moriocco,isdead. This community, amodgst • whom his life has been spent, fell the blow severely as it came borne upon the wings of the telegraph last Wednesday. Air. Codings, as the editor of a paper in this place, has ably and powerfully served the Democratic party for a life time, and al though so faithful an advocate of its doctrines, the first reward ever received for his arduous services, was the consulship to Tangier, giv en by President Pierce last spring. For many years bis life has hung upon a single slender thread, threatening to be snapped at any mo ment by the slightest jar. Frequent attacks of bleeding at the lungs had kept the physi cal man weak, but the mind worked with re newtd and redoubled energy, seeming to defy the ravages of the disease that was wasting away the body. When the appoint ment came,,doubts arose whether his health would bear the long journey. Hearing of his arrival in safety, we had hoped the new climate and scenes would woik a favorable change ; but scarcely is the hope entertained, ere the unwelcome tidings is brought over the waters that he is no more. 'Tie hard to die in a foreign land. He has left a sorrow ing family there, to retrace tneir steps to this valley with hearts cast down in sadness. His wife, her'sistsr, and two of his children had gone with him and were just settled in their new home when the destroyer came. To them the blow comes with a weight al most too heavy to bear. To eulogize the deceased would be folly The mere mention of his death will recall his life to every one who sees this notice.— His qualities were of that fearless manly char acter that we can but admire. In the politi cal contests of this county, his pen has been wielded with a force soldom equalled. Prob ably no one ia all this region was soffamiliar with the politics not only local, but of the Nation, as Mr. Collings. His head was clear 'and his pen was always ready to trace out (he ideas with a power that has caused many a one to wince under its inflictions when op posed in a contest. Vigor and clearness were his characteristics in writing:—a scorn of anything not honorable, marked bia actions. Even those who differed with him, will ad mire his bold and fiery opposition. " At the battle of Cerro Gordo, General La Vega commanded one of the most efficien batteries in the engagement, and was taken a*, his post. Amongst the prisoners marobed between the American lines after the surren der, rode La Vega, with the psoud bearing of the soldier. As his horse came opposite the head of Gen. Worth's line, a soldier with' clear voice said—" Who was the last man to leave the guns?" Instant, as if by magi* the whole line shouted "General La Vegtt# This, from a conquering enemy, must have shot with pride through hie veias* So in the political fights here, we might ask, who fought the battle bravely ? and the answer, would be SAMUEL P. COLUNUS." A GOOD CLAIM.— Mr. Albert Stoughton, of Boston, was recently killed by being thrown from his horse, in consequence of aome boy* throwing a bunob of fire crackers in the street. The friends of Mr. Stoughton here brought suit against the oily for damages, alleging that as the crackers were fired in violation of law, the city is responsible for the mis chief which occurred from a neglect-of em ploying the proper means to see the ordinan ces enforced. The family have undoubtedly a very good legal claim, and enforcing it in i this manner will probably have a good effect on the city authorities. Titc AGRICULTURAL FAIR AT POWXLTOJL— Kx-Governor Bigler has aooepted en invita tion to deliver ihe annual address on the occa sion of the cext Agricultural Exhibiting, to be held at Poweiion.onihellth, 19tb, 13th, aud 14th of September next. The exhibit tion promises to be one of the most brilliant and succeesful affairs of the kind evet held in this State. In connection with the subject of Agiicul tural Fairs, we see the liat ol prizes for th State Fair, at Harrisburg, is published, and makes a more liberal allowance, and embra ces a muob larger range than usual, which will tend tomake the exhibitiou better atteng ded and more interesting to tlje public. tW Never make money et the expense of youi reputation.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers