C4e,tel)igl) liegister. Allentown, Pa. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1849, Circulation near 2000. Ott''Since the nomination cft Mr. Cook, it has been discovered that he has not been a resi; ,dent of the State, a sufficient length of time, to entitle him to a seal in the Legislature, if he /should be elected. We ore informed flint he NI7 ill on this account, not he a candidate. I - Otr"-We-are authorized to Oay,dhat the name of Mr. Aaron Troxell, is withdrawn as a Can didate.for the Treasury. Cir 6 By a notice in another . colinim, it will be seen, that the Seminary of the Rev. Mr. C. R. Kessler, will hold:a public exhibition of singing, speaking, &c., in the Court House, in Allen town, on Friday evening next. To commence precisely at Cti o'clock. The presence of the citizens generally is politely requested. To Assessors There was a law passed by the legislature of 1848, requiring the • assessors to assess all young men between the nue of 21 and 22 years. The non-fulfilment of the law does not exclude such persons from voting, but is in tended, we believe, to aid in seeming the col lection of takes the following, year. As such is the law, assessors should know it. Our Own Interest In another column of to•flays paper will be found a very able essay upon the subject of Pro tection, which we commend to the attentive perusal of our readers. ft is a question in which the members of both political parties aro alike interested, and hence cannot be justly call ed apolitical one. In proof of this, we have only to refer to the vote in Congress upon the Tariff of 1842. The . entire Pennsylvania Delegation both Democrats and Whlgs : voted for its passage, and with the exception of a single member, toted against its repeal in 18.16. We do, how- ever, not hold ourselves responsible for every sentiment or statement contained in the Esme. but it being an able exposbion of the side of the question adfocated by its author, and as it is also one of great importance to the peo ple of Pennsylvania, and to the citizens of this County in particular; we have therefore thought it but right and just, to publish it. An Old Coon Caught Our friend Dennis Dcibcrt, of Lowbill town ship, an old Coon hunter, informs us, that h e "by the light of the moon" on the Sth instant. caught an old "Rack Coon" that weighed twen ty pounds, being the largest of the species, be thinks, ever wds captured. He challenges the State to beat it? What say you old Coon hunt. era! Can you come it Agriculture, the Leading Interest. It is Fla pposed that three-fourths of the pop ulation of the country. are employed in nevi culture; the other quarter being divided among all other employments and professions. Be sides, the mechanic, the manufacturer, the merchant and the professional man, are all mainly dependent upon the flamer - for patron age and support. When the farmers as a class are prosperous, all others participate in their prosperity. From this it follows, that whatev er benefits the agrieultund class, directly hen efite three-lourths of the people, and indheetly benefits the other fourth. Surely, then, the farmers have a right to de• mend of the government the means to suitain their agricultural societie, and , to collect and disseminate important information relative to their calling. Lot the light of science and ed• ucation be brought to the aid .of ngricultute. Let our resources be developed, and the and industry of the husbandman be directed into their proper channels, and that would soon be obtained, in which 'not only the (maim would zejoice, but the whole community with him. Such facts as the above cannot be too wide ly disseminated; and if our editorial brethren will only press the attachment of a Bureau of Agriculture, to the newly-formed Home Depart ment of the general government; we may hope for a channel through which agricultural im provements may be made known. Is it not ridiculer's that the interests of three-quarters of the . whole community should be left as secon dary in importance 9 to those of ,one-quarter? We admire the practice of the Society of Friends, "to pay duo deference to the Wishes of a respectable minority," bnt cannot con sent that our politeness should so far interfere with our interests as to permit the min tHt!, alone to be fostered by government patru..:;[c. Trade on the Public Works. • The increase of revenue on the public works, above last year, will not meet the an ticipations of many who looked towards them for much aid in lessening the State debt. This is mainly owing , we presume, to the depres eionis in several branches of business, as is demonstrated frOm the following table, exhib iting the quantity of wrought and rail road iron, And pig metal, which passed, eastward through the-Chesapeak and Delaware canal from Havre de Grace during two similar periods of the past -end present year—from the opening of the navigation to the first of September. Wrought and IL Pig Metal . . R. Iron—lbs. lbs. tfi),lTlopen?g of Nav -loSept. '4B 11,142,712 61,372,720 d o '49 2,722.312 27,764,348 8,420,397 • 23,508,442 F , ll!ng oft . . . 1 Witt {Gov. 'man arid mike, reviewed tho Encampment at Bri3tcd : on . Saturday Improvements in Making Flour. Mr. D. P. lionall, of Tecumseh, Michigan, has recently made an improvement in the pro cess of manufacturing of Flour, which is claim ed to be valuable. The Indiana State Journal publishes the following extracts from a letter written by Mr. Bonall in reply to.inquiries made of him in reference to the improve. ment: My "improved pi•ocess of milling" consists in separating the starch'part of the wheat front the glutinous matter, and submitting the latter to a accond.grinding. The way it is effected is by placing an auxiliary rim of stones so us to receive the entire body of the "ofl.•tl," on its passage from the upper or first merchant bolts. The stones are fitted to inn from 300 to 400 revolutions per minute, and the feeding of the stuffs made uniform and pet feet by a Very sim ple combination of machinery. After the "offal" is thus ground °l:severely scoured, it is then passed into the lower bolts, or dusters,.when the flour is taken out and sent to the "cooler," or first bolts, to be uniformly mixed in regular proportions ; with the su peifine flour, and the remainder separated for feeds. The advantage obtained by this mode of grinding, is as follows: Fin-t, It enables the miller to grind light, or cour,e, at the firi.-1 grinding, and thus avoid in jury to the "i-tareliy" portion of the wheat ; and enures free. good bolting, which is riot always the ea.-e, %%hen attempting to grind the starch and '..glinin" contained in the grain In the same con..kuniey by one prece,s, as the i-tinvit, which poi vciizes easy, LA apt to be too line. and stick In the bid's, or eke the ':farilia" is too coarze and goes to tniJdlings ; or adiiet . es to the bran and i JOS!. Second, Ii eliables the miller to glird wet, or damp v. heat I. , etter than any other mode, as the first grinding, which is high and fice. %lams the wheat, ol.eteUy elevath.g. cooling, airing and bathing, the muisiore -is principally evap orated, and the "olial" is partially kiln•dried, when, by submieing it to ihe quick griuding, or bcouring provess, Cie flour is almost encire ly "whipped out" and put into the superfine barrel. Third ; It catches all the broken particles of grain that escape the first grinding., by stop• ping and ~torting, or from other causes, and equalizes the grinding, whet any valiations occur in the lira mills or grinding. Fourthly, adds to the superfine flour that which %vas formerly 'fine," and thus saves the loss on sales in minket. Fifthly, It races winding middlings, as the whole midd:iog proet . .s is done by one contin uous operation, with a great saving of labor as %veil a: Sixthly, It enables the miller to make his barrel of superfine Ibuir from filar bushels of wheat that dill wekilt 60 lbs. to the bushel, and the flour much better, us it eontai,s much mere of the -Janina" ci the %%heat, or Lilatinous matter, and will yield more good bread from it given quantity of flour. Flour ground on this plueess in now selling in Buffalo us a superior brand. The tlouble giantling evaporates wore ()film nit,isttue, and has a tet.cieney to preserve the flour longer front souring. These ore the principal and distinguished elitiracierlstics of my —improvement," and if time permitted, I would mite you more spe cific and in detail. The aggre2ate savinu madc by it Will be somewhere front 15 to 1.'5 of wheat on each lib!. of flour. It is simple and durable. and all the economies it combines, and principles it in crilves, tire well maletstotal by till common Eelle miuds r and must be ap preciated. • _ Assescors of 1349 13y Inn pro,. istons 1,1 the act ul 7111 of Aptil, 1849, "for the regulatioh and continuance of a-system of Education by Common Schools," assessor:7, are required to return to the Com missioners the cxtct ;Jumbor of taxable citizens 01 each school district of the county. A. the amount of money revel veil front the State Treasury for rchool purposes de vends upon ;he number of taxables returned, assessors will see the propticty of reiorning the name of ev ery per':na coming under that !tend. Wherev er this duty is omitted the soliont fund of the township is the sufferer. There is another tea whyesses,org'shouldbe cat ehil to return every taxable inhabi:tun r.t this time. Therioty of apportioning the Senators and Represonta- Lives among the seveial counties of the Com monwealth will devolve upon the Legislature at the approaching,sc.ssion, arid as the trienni al assessment now about being made will form the basis, it is of the utmost :importance that the rennin , from Lehigh county should be lull and complete, so that she May not be de prived of any portion of the re presemation to which she is justly entitled. The imperfect manner in which this duty was pet formed, lost her a member at the last apponionment. Let then en trusted with the matter tell that her representation is Oct t;lighted by a shoilar neg feet of duty. Manufacturers' Association A convention or manufacturers iu Gecrgia was held on the 17th tilt., at Stone Mountain, and an association was formed to promote their peculiar interest. rhe capital represented in the convention was $1,220.000, and particular attention was given to the cotton and, woolen manufactories, the proprietors of which were re quested, by resolution, to reply to the following inquiries: The time when they coinmenocd operations; The quantity of raw, material annually con sumed; The number of spindles and,looms employed; The style and quantity of fabric produced ; The number, sex, color and mental and moral condition of operatives ; • And all other statihtical information, the publi cation of whielt would not be inconsistent with their respective interests. Democratic Delegate Convention The Democratic delegates elected by the different townships of Lehigh county, met in Cobvention, on Saturday the 22d day of Sep tember, at the public house of Nathan Wcilcr. at Fogelsville, and organized by calling JO SEPH DIETRICII to the Chair, and the op= pointing of Dr: Tilghman P. Shantz., Nathan Mills• and John R. Shall, as Secretaries. On producing credentials, it appeared that the following were the delegates elect front the several distr r icts, viz: • Borotigh ef Allentown—Joeeph Dietrich, Na than Miller, Charles 13. Daintz, Peter Weikel, Jacob .51iller, Peter Heller and Dr. T. P. Shantz. .A'orthampton—Sam nel Brown. Hanover—Charles Ritter, Florentine Hoeley, S:arfinel Rnth, Jacob Reichard and John Moyer. Sid.tharg - Henry D. Wolf, Jacob Ritter and henry Ritter. Saucon—John Leith, Isaac Hartman, Jacob Cooper, William Shaffer and Thomas B. Cooper. Upper Milord—Charles iFoster, Henry Dil linger, Solornon Holder, Jacob Dietz Henry Diefenderfer, Aaron Shaffer and rieub.Stahler. Lotter Alacungy—Reuben Hamner, Nathan Klotz, George Shaffer ; #drew Neurnoyer and Charles Hickey. 111actingy—Solomon Fogel, Joseph 'iller, Benjamin Rupp and John. R. Shall. South, Whitehall—Choi les Trnxell . George Biong, Solomon Giietenier, jr. Dan. Guth and Gideon IN Lux. .IVrth 2.leKee, Henry Frantz IV.J. Keel:. John E:dtnan, and Godfrey. Peter Lowhill—llet.jinin Diehl and John Zint rnem.an. Iltise;J , :o . p.--;:ledlnick A. Wa:lace, \Vol Stein and John Bieller. L2,m-I'tler Snyder. Daniel Weber, Daniel KersiAmer and James Seibeding. Ileidelbrlyg—Jonns NO; and David Ross. Washiiigtun—John Hex, N. Miller, and E. Lentz. When on motion, the Convention proceeded to act upon, the Resolution adopted at the last Democratic county meeting, relative to the viva voce system of voting, in making nomina tions at our Delegate convention. The Con vention then voted lien voce as follows: For the Vi%'a voce system 21 votes. For the Ticket system 37 votes. The oil custom Of voting by tickets, was therefore retained. •The Convention then proceeded to the ap pointing of Conferees, when on motion it %vas Resolved—That Ilehry C. Longnecker, Her man Rupp and J. W. ‘Vilson, be appointed conferees, to meet the conferees of Northamp ton county, on Monday 21th inst., at Bethle hem, for the purpose of nomiliating a suitable person, PS a candidate for Senate to be sup ported by the Democratic party of this district at the next Oetober election. After which Wm. Butler, Eso,.. the Delegate appointed by the Carboni Comity Convention, to inform this Convention of the nomination of Robert K 1612.. as a candidate for the next Ceti eral Assembly, appeared and concluded his tnissinn. When on molon Rcio/ced—That this Convention does motto chcellulty and heartily mover in the nomina tion of Ettlt'it Klotz, of Carbon enmity, and ie.-- pectin:ly iccomniend bon to the united support of die Democracy of Lehigh. The Coovontion Wen proceeded to ballot for a candidate for Assembly, to be supported at tl,e eomittp. Election, n ben Samuel Marx had twenty-eight Votes, GOO. IV. Fl'Ul Mg had twenty-three votes. Fry had live votes, David Lanry hat! I ' M! VI , :PN. The Convention then pleceeded to a second ballot, IA hen Samnel 'Marx hut 33 votes G. W. foering " 27 votes liainnelMarx was therefore considered dully nominated, he having a majority of the whole numl•er of votes. ' The Convention proceeded to ballot for Trea surer, when Ist bal. 2nd b. 3rd h Jacob Cackenbach. had 4 0 0 Char!cp. had 3 0 n Dr. C. :\ 'arm, had 16 28 22 Daeid S;el7l, had 16 17 14 Aaron Troxell, had 17 15 14 John G. Brunner, had 3 0 0 Geo. S. Aleitzler, had 1 0 0 Ch a;. 11. Alartin was duly netninated, hay ing a required majorily. After whieh the Convention preeeetled and made the following n oniit)n!inns : Cornmist•ioner—San'mel 611i111, 4 f, of Hanover Director of the Poor—Jonas I.3robA, of Upper Mavongy. oner—jc.lin Erdman, of North Whitehall 10 or—Geo. UI ii k, of Barron Tinsiees--Jo,rph Nonnemacher, of Allen.. town, unit Thotrittr. O. Cooper of Saucon. On EiSBIIM Icso!ectlL—That Samuel 111arx he the Repre sentative delegate to the next State Concert• lion to nominate a Cantlidale for Canal Com- IME= Rcsolvcd—That the following persons consik lute the Democratic standing Committee of the County of Lehigh for the ensuing year. Al lentown, Joseph Dietrich; U. Alaeungy, Benj Rupp ; L. Maeungy, George Kayser ;S. White hall,'Cbas. Mule; Hanover, Aaron Bast; Lynn, Peter Snyder; Weisenburg, - JosimaSeiberling; Washington, Chas, Peter; Sahestn, Charles W. Cooper; Lowhill, Benj. Diehl; Northampton, Samuel Brown ::. Whitehall, John 11. Knoll ; Salsbure Chas. %Vetiver; U. Milford, Daniel Erdman; Heidelburg, Jacob Ilolben. Resolvcd—That this Convention support the ticket this day placed in nomination, and res pectfully recommend it to the Democracy of this County. Brso/vol--That the proreedings- of this Con vention be published in the difierent.papers of this county. Demooratio Whig Convention The Deinocratie Whig Delegates of Lehigh, met in County Convention, on Monday the 24th of September, at the•house of Elias Ski tter, in Siegersville, for the purpose of forming a County ticket to be supported by the party at the ensuing election: Maj. JOHN SMITH, was called to the chair, SOlomon Klein and Dan iel A. Guth, Vice Presidents, and Peter S. Wen , tier, and Daniel Yaeger, as Secretaries. The Delegates of the respective Townships were called over, when it appeared that the following werP preSent to wit : Borough ofAllento um—Peter S. Wenner,Joseph Hartman, Nathan Dresher, J. F. Mille, F. *f lier. H. Gr . m. Sp!. Weaver. Northampton—George Moyer, James Kleek ner. Lower Ilfactingy—n. 'Yaeger, Jnsitpli Gaunt er, Henry Gaunter, Henry Jarrett, •and Peter Haas. „ Hanover—Sol. Keck, John H. Nade, William Yeager, Isaac E. Chandler; and James W. Salsburg—Sol. Klein Sen., 111. Kemmerer ; D Bieber. &MOM—Gen. IVetherhold, Ilezekiall Ger hard, Chas. S. Yeager, Chas. E. Christ, Sanford Stephen. U 111i/f4d—Anthony MeeMing, J. Shantz, David Klein, A. Moyer, Aaron Huber, Solomon Kemmerer. U. Mooingy—F. Herm, J. Iler, Wm. KM ter. D. Smith. S. Whitchall—A. Senareaves, John Min nieh, Daniel Cud-, 11. Strauss Sr., and John sflvder. N. 117iiichall—.111neg Lentz. jr. Stephen Grafi, Edward Schreiber, Stephen Balliet. jr. Lynn—.l.trnes Rickert Geo. Bnh Ircisenburg—G. S. Eisenhart!, 1). Stonier, Jaen!) IVerly. Ileidelburg—Major John Smith, and John Washington—Wm. Lentz, John Reber, John Nave. Rest - Jail—That no Dele , ale of this Concen• lion, shall be nominated for any office on the tivket about to be formed. Resolved.—That it shall require a majority of, all the votes east, to nominate a candidate. The Convention then proceeded to ballot for candidates ler-the different n aloes, \vherenpon it appeared that the following candidates were duly nominated: Treasurer—Amos F.ninzer, of Allentown. Commissioner—John A ppel, of Salsbnrg. Poor Director—John ShifTert, of L. Al arungy. Auditor—Aaron F.isenhard, of S. Whitehall. Coroner—John of Lynn. Trustees—William Saeger, of Hanover, and Owen Sidtrieber, of North Whitehall. The Whig party of Northampton county not having appointed Conferees. to meet the Con ferees of Lehigh enmity, to select a proper per son for the Senate of this District. Therefore Resolved—That we deem it inexpe(hetit to nominate a Candidate for die Senate. Resolved--That we repose the highest ennfi dem•e in the administration of Gen. Taylor, believing his honesty and firtnne , s of pnrpose, tvili actuwe him in reroute:endive and carry: ing ont.such measitre , ;as rimy he most con ducive to all the great interests of our Re- •Resr/red—That we rejoice whil otirfet!ow M'bi t .r. of Lehigh county, and of the S:ate of PennFylvania, at the tuteee,:ss of the me:l , l4es adopted hr the pleFent toltnioh-trution for the pindual reduelion of the Suresdelit, and a eon segneot diminution 14 the heavy taxes with which nq elie,es are noir burdened. Rrsotecd--That we cordially approve of the nomination ot Hein) M. Fuller as the ‘Vhig can didate for Canal Commissioner, 'and that, be lieving hint honest and capable, we embark in the present contest with strniig confidence ; that the re-talt will he et - totally sitece-tsful with that which crowhed the el its of the Whigs of Pennsylvania. and the union in the campaign of eighteen hundred and forty-e t. ..netnit/i.d--That should a vaeatiey occur cm this ticket. by death or resignation. the stand 111R, county committee is impowered to fill the Fame. Resolved—That the Proceettina. of Ott , Co.. ermine. be in the Lelittet Patriot, Lehigh Heiald. Ft iedetirbdie. Lehigh fiegieter, and Cuibritt Gazote. For the Lehigh Uri;litter. Protection to our own People. The arguments in laverof what is called-Free Trade" in this country, were an long ago refuted and so totally dispelled, that people of age and memory wonder at their revival. Special com mittees of Congress were repeatedly appointed to investigate the subject, and after examining it carefully, they became ciindinced of its incom patibility with our prosperity and independence . , and reported against it. Experience, that uner ring test, has condemned it. The history of the world shows that most of the errors in the poli cy of nations have been owing to new genera- tions forgetting the lessons and experience of their forefathers. Let us not despise the wisdom, oldie great and good men who established our in dependence, framed our constitution, advanced us to prosperity, and died uttering prayers for our success and happiness. There Was no free .trade man among them. Their maxim was that ..whatever tends to increase in any country the number of artificers and manufacturers, tends to increase the home market, the most import ant of all markets for the produce of the soil." " Under Washington's administration this sub ject was fully considered. The celebrated report made to Congress by the Secretary of the Treas ury, in 1701, recommended protection to manu factures, and said—• There seems to be a moral certainty that.the trade of a country, which is both manufacturing and agricultural, will be more lucrative & prosperous than that of a m a in- try which is merely agricultural. That mannfac turink establishments occassiOn—lst, a divis ion of labor, S'.d. an extension of the use of ma chinery; 3d, additional employment to classes of the community not ordinarily engaged in the business; 4th, the promotion of emigration from foreign countries; sth the furnishing of greater scope for the diversity of talents and dispositions, 1 6th, the afros • ;g, a more ample and various field fore erprise ; 7th, the creating, in some instances, new, and securing in all a more steady demand for the surplus product of the soil.— Each of these circumstances has a considerable influence on the total mass of industrious enlist in a community, and together, they add to it a degree of energy and effect not easily conceiVed." Do these wise maxims require proof? Look at Spain, ,Portugal, Italy, Poland, Ireland, Can ada, all highly favored in soil and climate, but with their energies and prosperity blasted, by fostering foreign, and frowning domestic indus try: while all nations that have protected their, industry have prospered, jest in proportion to that protection. Ireland was ruined by the jealousy of England. Guthrie's history says: "In 1699 the Lords and Common's of England addreSsed King William to employ his influence in Ireland to suppress the woolen man- ufactures there; to which he answered the lords, 'His majesty will take care.to do what their lord ships have desired"—and to the Commons he an swered, shall do all that in me lies, to discour age the woolen trade in Ireland ;' and, indeed, so succesfully was this baneful influence employed, that they passed an act laying heavy duties on the export of'woolens to England, where a law was also passed in the following year prohibiting the Itish exports to other countries, so that the manufacture was as completely annihilated as it could be by law. It would be absurd to pay any attention to the reasons which were assigned in justification of this proceeding. It was in !Ito the argument of strength against weakness and division. They (the Irish) possessed that man ufacture, as has been shown, fur ages before, which was the staple that employed the greater part of the nation ; that clothed her people, and supplied a great and valuable export. The im mediate consequence to Ireland showed the val ue of what she had lost. Many thousands of manufacturers were obliged to leave the king , dom for want of etnployment, Many of the south- ern and western counties were so depopulated that they have not yet recovered a reasnable number ofinhabitants, and the whole kingdom was reduced to the greatest poverty and distress." This was the policy of England, and she still pursues it, wherever her influence can reach. Her manufactures are the great source of her wealth and strength, and she would, to protect them, sacrifice the interest of every other nation. The late address of the British League in Cana da to the inhabitants, says : "Unprotected by an adequate tariff we have continued to consume a vast amount of British manufactures, While our produce—the principal source upon which I we rely for their payment, has rarely entered the British market, except ate sacrifice. The ; result has been a - monetary pressure, extensive 'bank ruptcy, and general distress." Such has been the cry of every nation that has .had to do with England; and she is no exerei sing her baneful influence on these United States. It may be taken as granted, that certain arti I cle.s necessary to the independence of a nation should always he manufactured at home , : "P" eially when the tatty material; are:11)11701w, and 'laying waste. In our last war with Great Brit I ian we were reduced to great anxiety a nrldistress for blankets, to clothe our 'troops; for iron to make instratnetits of war.; ur saltpetre and brim ! stone to make powder; and fur many other ar tholes essential to our sneers,. We failed in our I attack on Canada, we lost one 1t• m 1 I!, army rm. Ides General Hall, for want of monitions of war. which our rountry ren'd not kilt - Tic. The Sec• I rotary of War reported to C ur.gre:s that he was unable to procure six thousand blankets for our soldiers. What a condition for our great Repub. lie! We are again told we should put no restric t lions on, track, but open our ports for all nations to enter them freely. This is recommended as good policy. But what wont,' now be our cnn• dition if we hail practised it? We should be dependent nn England, as we were fifty years ago, for articles nercessary moor exis. fence ; for ploughs, harrows. spades. scythes, and I all n"rienhural instruments; fur all articles of nothing; for arms to defend ourselves; and for nearly every thing that we now manufacture at home. We shonld scarcely have a ship on the ocean; for while all ships would he free in our ports. (qtr ships w..ir Id lue subject to duties and re strictions in foreign ports, and could not com pete with others in ;he carrying trade. We have gone quite far enough, in allowing ships of for. sign nations to enter our poets on the same foot hip, that ours.,ips are allowed to enter ; theirs.— Even this lost us the carrying . ' trade with the Han• seatic towns,and stumeofthe Baltic ports, whose ships are built and sailed cheaper than ours. The doctrine of free trade may he very pretty , in theory, hut praCtical men cannot entertain it. Nations must be protected by laws and restric thins as well as individuals. . Suppose we were to fell farmers they should tear down their fences and leave all their fields and pastures free ['or strange cattle to feed on. They would think it the folly of madness. He who had most cattle would fare best; and so with free trade : that nation with most manufactures, longest established, would take possession of our markets to the exclusion of our own fabrics, and the ruin of our own workmen. It is said "Eng land cannot take our produce unless we take an equivalent in her manufactures, or she would .have to pay the balance in specie, and would be drained itt a few years." Nobody acquainted with commerce could entertain such an idea, which excludes all consideration of exchanges with other parts of the world. There are hun dreds of channels through which she could pay us. Suppose we send England a cargo of cot ton, and we buy a cargo of coffee in Brazil ; we can pay ftir the coffee by bills on England, and she can meet the bills by her goods to Brazil. China takes little or nothing from as bat specie in payment for her teas and silks, and yet oPe have import?'ll them fir more than sixty years. ft is argued, that a low tariff will afford to Gov ernment the largest revenue. This is . not the case—but suppose it were so, it would be by en couraging larger Imports ; and the people, to pay our government 20 per cent duty, would have td pay foreigners 80 per cent for the goods. ThiS would indeed be an extravagant method of pro cut ing revenue ; any other system would be bet ter. We should consider, that what we spend abroad is loSt ; but what we spend at home re mains among us, and continues to be a' part of the wealth of our country.- MI experienced com mercial nations have as far as possible avoided duties ad valorem ; but we have adopted the prin.: ciple in defiance of experiene, and we already feel its pernicious effects. Our government and people arc defrauded by false invoices made out by foreigners purposely; while our own riser= chants, who disdain to cheat their country, arc unable to compete with them, and are suffering great loss in their legitimate business. More than three fourths of our foreign commerce is now in the hands of strangers, and the amount of goods we import and pay for is greatly more than our custom house returns, because they are undervalued to evade duties: It has been sneeringly asked, "if our manufac turers are still in their infancy, after being estab lished for sixty years?" Certainly for Most of them are in their infancy, for they have not been allowed to grow to maturity ; but have had pro tection withdrawn from them repeatedly before they could stand alone. Take, for example, the manufacture of iron Attempts were made to com mence it when we were colonists, but the English manufacturers complained to parliament that we were interfering with the ma rket, and orders were sent from England to the British Governors here to shut up our furnaces by force. Alter we be came Independent, the iron manufacture rose and. fell just in proportion to the protection it receiv ed ; but it never was supported long enough to gain a firm footing. At length the tariff of 1842 was pasted, as a compromise tariff; with assur ance to the people that they may depend on its permanence. They again commenced operations though with fear and trembling. Sites for iron works were purchased ; buildings were erected, machinery constructed, materials in the earth sought, mines opened, millions of dollars were expended, and immense contracts made. But be fore the works could get fairly into operation, the tariff of 1810 was enacted, and our people were again entrapped. What could they do ? It was as fatal to stop as to go on ; and they had to struggle for existence against the old and weal thy establishments of Cleat Britain; that could affi?d to make sacrifices to brcalt them do ten, and gain possession of our markets. Our Atlantic cit ies are now filled with British iron, ofli!red at prices less than it cost. In 1642 English rail road bars were selling at $7O. Our iron works can now furnish better rails at $55, and offer them at $5O; but the English have come down to $4O, at which neither they nor we can afford that, but they know if they can but break down our works the market will again be theirs, and the price what they please. The English ate Watching, the death strug„fle, and have their agents traveling among our works to ascertain the price and the amount of sacri fice necessary to accomplish their design. Last year the importation of iron amounted to twelve millions of dollars, and the present year they are expected to amount to more than fifteen million of dollars. Most if our rolling mills are alrea dy prostrated. %Voliiiiit rolling mills, furnaces wilt be metes:3, and they are now lingering in hope of relief from Congress. Furnaces and rolling mills are the chief consumers or coal, and a; ditty st , p, the vita! Ito•Me;ti most stiffer greatly ; ;to St, , r4l on- I,,,rntut c.to t!, ;tr. , •b.pi ot;cd by I ile:Nt• real 11,41..`. nt ig ~ •t. tth 11 - 1,11, il'f l I; hut ruined. w:l i ,u-i L:• . Woe!) ,i postrated, ev ery ~ t h, r busilie.,s w h Ic el the shock. Hundreds of ihoosandserrinanutatui machinists, chanics, miners, boatmen, and laborers of all kinds, will be thrown out of employment, to suf fer in idleness and poverty, with their wives and children. Trace the consequences a line furth er, and behold these workmen and their families without food, their children without clothing, and, what is worse, without schooling, exposed to ignorance, and vice, and ruin, and then tell these poor laboring men—“lf you can not wtirk . as cheaply as the wretched serfs of Europe . , you shall have no work at all." Is this American po licy I God forbid ! What has caused the hue and outcry against these poor men I What have they done, chat they shall not be allowed room in this country for their feet to stand on I We must have manulticturers, - mechanics, and laborers, and they must live somewhere. Shall it be in Eu rope, and we pity them wages there to support royalty, and nobility, and institutions inimical to our own I Or shall we eidablish them on our own soil, and under our men republican Manua thins, and have them to spend their wages among us in the purchase 01' our agricultural products'', The laboring population are the bone and sinew .of ourcountry—the vet). wealth and strength of the nation. Nearly all our people, farmers, me chanics, and manufacturers, are laborerk; and: we honor them for their industry. We look on, idleness as a vice. Why then should we deny encouragement to our manufacturers and me chanics'! It is absurd to suppose they can all be come farmers, separated and scattered over.the' face of the country, without cities and without the proximity and intimacy necessary for im provelnent and the promotion of science...lt would make all producers and no consumers; and the great farming interests of the'cutintry would also be ruined. In matters of economy, there is a.plain mid simple rule that everybody can understand ,and will adinit. It is, to make more and buy lees. This rule applies to indi viduals and families as well as nations. The policy of protection recommended by our fore fathers cannot be wrong.. It is fuunded l upon wisdom ; it is proved by experience, qnd should be held as Gospel. The . peoplehave blitigsay it shall be—and it will be. Agency al Iklidaysburg.—The Farmers bank of Lanca IT has established nn agency frif transaction of n general banking and exiih4nie business. It has been plated under the charge of R. R. Bryan. E .q, a gentle man . whoSe integrity, .energy and industry, added to considerable ex,: perience in the business of banking, emineialyr qualify him for the responiblepost,
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