RATES OF ADVERTISING. your tilled or less constitute half a square. Ten limn i mam than four, constitute a square. .0lia:10.-. str.2s Oae sq., one day $0.6( 4304 --- 1.00 " one 1.21 enc. swath— 2.00 " One month.... 3.ut thrC. wouthe. 3.00 " three months. 6.1.1 sir:months— . 4.00 4 . six :youths.— B.or ons year.— 6.00 if one year..... 1.0.‘e Bissi 'Jews flatilega inserted in the LOCIAL 005.0101. or N,fora nlirrieges and deaths, Frrli oEsrs esti LINK for daub .usa tiou Co went:assumed others 4.lvertisingby . the ?rap beni Will ()endured. no number of insertions must bc.lesiqnsted on the dwraitmeet. • garetagen anti Deaths will be inertial at the same zstBB 14 regular virertisementn., Boot o, iotationerD, 64c. BOOKS.—School Direutora, Te.ichdrs, Parents, Scholars, and others, in want of School gooks, School Stationery, Jrc., will find a complete assuct,a,ni et E.' III..POLIAOOIK. & SON'S BOOK BTOItS, aw-kA dinars, itiircisburg, comprising in part the follow- READ ERS.-31cOntfers, Parker's, Cobb's Angell's SP &LIMO WOES. —AsGaffey's, Cobb's, Webster's, Cowes's, Ryerly's. Comory'a. EN4.11.1.811 Smith's, Wood triage's, Emateith.e, Tuthill Cart's; Wells'. HASTORIES —iirimshaw's, Davenport's, - Frost's, Wil sows. Willard's, Goodrich's, l'innocit's, Ooldemith's acd Clark's. Aft/TilllETlC'S.—Greenleafle, Stoddard's, Emerson's, Pike's, Rose's, Colbnro's, Smith and Duke's, Davte , e. AlaSßßA3.—Pareerdeaf's, DKVie'lls Dare, Ray's. Bridge's, DIOTIONARTS.—Waikeer School, Cobb's, Walter, Worcester's Coaprehensive, Worcester's Primary, Wes. flees Primary, Webster's High School, Webster's Quarto. Acsdenne. NATURAL PRIGOSOPEUES.—Comstock's, Parkere, 'Swift's The above with a great variety of others can at fay timo be found at my store. Also, a complete assort meet of School Stationery, embracing in the win le a corn plate outfit for school purposes. Any book not in the store. armored et one days notice- I' Country 14erchants supplied at wholesale rates. MALE &CS —John Baer and Son's Almanac for sale ai B.M POI,LOCK & SON'S BOOK STORE, flandsburg. E - Wholesale and Retail. myl JUST RECEIVED AT '',.- SCHEFFER'S BOTESTORE, ADAMANTINE SLdITES Of 'VARIOUS SIZES AND ritume, Widab, for beauty and .nee, cannot be °Keened. REMEMBER THE PLACE, SOHEFFEE , S BOOKSTORE, NO. 18 MARKET STREET. mart B 0 OK AUCTION. F. FRENCH BBN Will supply him old friends and customers with the following Books at Ruction prices: Pacific' Railroad, 10 vols., complete, 4 illustrations 224- Japan Expedition, $ rob., eampleteAllustrated 4114 sl2_ - Emery's Expedition, 2 vols., complete, illustrated Illuminated, 310. Congressional Globe, $1 BO per volume. Waverly Novels, complete, 1.2 robs., cloth, $lO. Llf 21v 0 15 4 karmic $34; it c., k. 0., do e. AU of the above Books I will deliver in Harrisburg tree of charge. BEN F. FRENCH, 278 Pennsylvania Avenge, Washington, D. 0. febil-dtf N E W B 0 0 K 8 1 .11:18T RECEIVED aSKAL AND SAY," by the anther of 6 , Wide, Wide Warld," Dar are and Canny' &c. "HISTORY OP METHODISM," by A.Stevens,lAL.D. Par sale at SOMMERS , BOOKSTORE, %LS No. 18 filarks et. JUST RECEIVED, A LARUE AND SPLENDID ASSORTMENT 0/P ..E/C111.5 . GILT AND oßivitatifivrAL WIN DO ter - -t; URTAIM.S. PAPER BLENDS, Of various Designs and Colors, for 8 cents, TISSUE PAPER AND .0 UT FLY PAYER, At Ernyß.ll SCIIEPFER'S BOOKSTORE. AV ALL EIPER,I WALL PAPE It ! Just received, our Spring Stock of WALL. PAPER. BORDERS. FIRE, SOME ENS, c., &..c [Lim the largos( and beat selected atruiertauesat in the city, raugi..gln.price Rein els Oil cents up to one dollar and agierter (6 1 : 1 . 6 4 As we purchase very low fur cash, we are prepared to sell at as low rates, if not lower, than can be had else where. if purchasers will call and examine, we feel *cadent that we can please them in respect to price and quality. li. M POLLOCK & SOld, Below Jones' House. Market Square. T ETT E it, CAP, NOTE P PE KS J4l Pena, Hoidens, Pencile l Enveloped, Sealing Wax, of the beat quality, at low prices, direct from the menu boetoriee, at Amen -80/11PREEll CHEAP BOOKSTORE TAW BOOKS LAW BOOKS I I-A general assortment of LAW BOORS, all the State Reports and Standard Elementary Works, with many of the old Buglish Reports, leans and rare, together with a large assortment of second-hand Law Books, at very low prim, S the *xi price Bookotors of £ M. POLLOICH & SON, Market Square, Harrisburg. EMI _Miscellaneous. A N. ARRIVAL OF NEW G-0 01) S• APPROPRIATE TO THE SEASON! glLg LINEN PAPER PANS! PANS!! PANS!!! ANOTHRIL AND SPIANDID LOT OP SPLICED FISHING ftQDS! Trout Films, Gut and Hair Snoods, Grass Lines, Bilk and Hair Plaited Lines, and general assortment of FISHING TACKLE! • GENAT VARIETY OP WALKING CANES! Irma we will sell as cheap as the cheapest! Meer Head Loaded Sword Melte:7 Panay canes! (Janes! Canes! Canes! Canes! ICELLER , EI DRUG AND FANCY STORE, NO. 91 PURIM STRIPBT, South side, one door east of Fourth street je9. lot J. HARRIS, WORKER IN TIN, SHEET IRON, AND METALLIC KOOFING, //mond Street, below Chestnut, HA It ISR URI?, PA. le prepared to fill orders for any article in his branch of business ; and if not on hand, he will make to order on shun notice. METALLIC ROOFfifff, of Tin or datranised Iron, eoustantly on hand. Also, Tin and Sheet-Iron Ware, Spouting, dte. He hopes, by strict attention to the wants of his custo• weer, to merit and receive I generous share of public pat. nonage. very promise strictly fulfilled. B. 1_ HARM janT-dly) Second Street. helm. 41h.itnet. F 811 11 MACKEILEL, (Nod. 1, 2 and 2-) SALMON, (very superior.) MAD, Mess and very fine-) HERRING, (extra large.) 430 D LISII *IMBED HERRING, (extra Digby,) 100 TOR /LEERING. SARDINES AND ANCHOVIES.. Or the Above we hare Mackerel In whole. belt quarter and eighth bbla. herring in whore and half bble. The entire lot new—bi env, vu'n vac muskies, and will sell them at the Lowest market rates. •erl{ WW. DOCK, JR., & CO. vabILLY BIBLEs, from 1* to S strengand handsomely bound, print e d on ood piper , with elegant clear new type, sold at tooh3L. 1411111 ICPV Chino Rnrik tvra, ORANBERRIES ! I I—A SPLENDID LOT ViusCrWind 67 owe FOR a superior and cheap TA bilk, or SALAD OIL go to HELLZWO.DIMG STORE. T"' grtu 't G-rowers' Handbook—by WARlNG—wholesale mod retail at avib3l SOU P.STIMS Bookßtare. sPERM CANDLES.--,A large.supply Plun received by sisplB YELLER'S DRUG STOir i tht_ hPriv! ti and the best aumortimt , drug",:ll4olprif• F I S II!!! WM. DOCK. la., & CO WM. DOOK.-Ja.. & 00. ... . ~.- - 7 72-. _.4j--t .- ', ...• 7._ : . ".A.... --- ~. • :::-: - '` - c ;' . 11 , -F ) lii - ~, ,,,,. .,- : =V-4,; ?W I T-- -,.,, ;-_, - ' , ..v- 7 ;- - .7 - ,:`"P.• . 10 11 ' ... ii..-1.71,:,:ir, -,i,,,,,...........,:i.:,...-Ls--,..:._1iL.-:....ij.:.,-----' ~..,,.,..,.....,:„. ~ _,,,,. P I I ,i,, . : , ?"} c'. • , ' ..... , - - VOL. tfoal. TO THE I' 13 L 0 JOHN TILL'S COAL YARD, SOUTH SECOND STREET, BELOW PRATT'S ROLLING MILL, HARRISBURG, PA., 'Where be has constantly on hand LINENS VALLEY BROKEN, EGG, STOVE AND NUT COAL ALSO, WILKESBARRE STEAMBOAT, BROKEN, STOVE AND NUT COAL, ALL OF THE BEST QUALITY. It will be delivered to consumers clean, and fall weight warranted. V" CONSUMERS GIVE ME A CALL FOR YOUR WINTER SUPPLY. 11:7" Orders left at my house, in Walnut street, near Fifth; or at Brubaker's, North street; J. L. Speel'e, Market Square; Wm. Bostick's, corner of Second and South streets, and John Lingle's, Second and Mulberry Streets, will receive prompt attention. jy1341.6m JOHN TILL. COAL! COALI! ONLY YARD IN TOWN THAT DELIVERS COAL BY THE P A TENT W EIGH CARTS! NOW IS THE TIME For every family to get in their Supply of Coal for the winter—weighed at their door by the Patent Weigh Carts. The accuracy of these Carts no one disputes, and they never get out of order, as is frequently the case of the Platform Scales besidea, the consumer has the satisfaction of proving the weight of.his Coal at his own house. I have a large supply of Coal on hand, 430- . ...:1.7: 4 ng of 8. N. op.'s LYIKENS VALLEY COAL all Bizet LYKENS VALLEY do " " W/LICESBARRE do. • Le BITUMINOUS BROAD TOP do. kiill Coal of the beet quality inined, and delivered free en all impurities, at•the lowest rates, by the boat or car load, single, half or third of tons, and by the bushel. JAMES M. WHEELER. Eaulabor& September 24,1850.--sep2s P TOW N I PATENT WEIGH CARTS For the convenience of my numerous uptown custom. ere, 3 hare estAlistied_ in connection w. th my old yard, a Branch Coal Yard opposite North street, in a line with the Pe..nsylvaula canal, having the office formerly emu. pied by Mr it. Harris, where consumers of Coal in that •iemity and Verbekrtown can receive their Coal by the PATENT WEIGH CARTS WITHOUT EXTRA CHARGE FOR HAOL.TNCt, And in any quantity they may desire, as low as can be pu, chased anywhere. FIVETHOUSAND -TONS COAL ON HAND, Or LYKENS VALLEY and WELIIRSBARRE, all sizes. EP' Witting to raaiatain fair prices, but unwilling to he undersold by any parties. Coal forked up and delivers' clean and free (ram all impuri pud the best article mined. 7 urd..rs tetetve4 at etcher i s ra *la be proutpit, mind, nd all Coal delivered by t .e Patent'Weigh Carte. Coal sold by Boat, Oar load, single, half or third of tons, and by the bushel JAMES M. WHEELER Harrisburg, October 13, 188 ).—octlfb LYli. KNS VALLEY NUT COAL- For Sao AT TWO DOLLARS PER TON. irr Alt Cooldotittered by PATENT WEIGH CARTS JAMES AL WHEELER Coaldativered from both yards. non ittebical. El..l‘llBtlL LOS HELMBOL D'S 14 CLAIM, I L IPS HELMBOLD'S HLM BO HELMBOLD S HE:EMBOLI:VS HELM MILLI'S HELM NM bLIIIIS HELMBOLD'S 111 ELMBOL LIS BEL M 11101.D , S 1 - 161.1111501..L1TA HELMBOLD's Morget Bnahn, Rxtract Duchu, BxoAt Bodin, Extract Battiu, Extra.t ticcon, .Extraet Maim, Extract Bodin, Extract Buena, Ext met Huhu, Extract Buctitt, Ett..ct Boc'in, Extract Boon% Extract Buchu ' . Rstret Bach% FOR. SRO& AT AND DELICATE .o.lsoßDNfis, FUR SEcRET AND DELICATE DISORDERS. FOri SEcRE.T A.,vo DELICATE DISORDERS. F;R SECRET AND DELICATE DISOROERs. FOR sEI;RET AND DALIcATE DISORDERS. EfIR SEcRET A .D DELICATE DISORDERS. FOR SECRET AND DELICATE DISORDERS. A Positive And Specific tsemedy. A Positive and apemno Renstly. A Positive and Specific B medr A Positive and Specific Remedy. A Positive And Srcidc Remedy. A Poi Ivo and Specific Remedy. A Positive and epoi•ifie Remedy. FOR DISICABES or TUB BLADDER, GRAVEL, KIDNEYS, DROPSY, BLADDER, GRAVEL, KIDNEYS, DROPSY, BLADDER, GE., VKL, KIDNEYS, DROPSV EL .1.1) ER, GRA VEI,, KIDNEYS, DROPSY: GLADDER, GRAVEL, KIDNn - YS, DROP:-Y, BLADDER, GRAVEL, KIDNEYS, DROPSYL BLADDER, GR AVEL, KIDNEYS, DROPSY, ORA , ANL., WEAKNESS, ORGANIC WS RN g` 4 B, OR.4aNIC WIC AKNKBd, ORGANIC WEAKNESS, Mina C WRARNEKS, ORGANIC VIT MOM, And all Diseases of sexual Organs, And a'l Dis oses of Sea uni f , irgans, And all Di. uses of Scruni Gigans, And all Diseases of Sexual Organs, And all Diseases of &along Organs, And all Diseases of Se.eual Organs, ARISING PROM Exe.exes, Rzpoiures, ani Inapradeneies in Life. Esees.ea. Exposures, and Imonadenmes in Life. Fatussiser, Expooare-, end Impend.neies in Life. Eaccri..n, Ex. 0 nr••o, and Itnorndeneiss in Life. .I , xe-esta Exuoi.ures, and Inipradeneiea in Life. Ezaeesee . Exonar t o, end Imprniendiee in Life. Prom whatever c. originatiog,:4ol whether existing in MALE - OR FENIALE, Pernal. a. tike no more Pills! They are of no avail for ComplAiata incidkir t" •be sex. tree PRA.CT 131:1011II llPlmholVs Recast ttuehn is a Medicine which le per fectly ph:meant nits TA STR AND ODOR, Bet immediate in its actin. giving Health and Vigor to BP. Prone ; Bloom to the Pallid °nosh, and restoring the patient to a pert•rt stet.. of tivetrn AND PURITY. ltxtrdet Boob's is prepared according to Pharmacy and Chenliatry and is pr Wribed and aced by THE MOST EMIAENT PHYSICIANS. Delay no Lope. Procure the remedy at onoe. Pries a par k.ottlw, or six tor $3. D..pot 104 Soutu Tenth street Philadelphia. • BEWARE OP UNPRINCIPLED DEALERS Trying to ream off thPir own or other articleaof BUCHU on the repnta ion attained by un3itomD l .9 EXTRACT MUG. The Oituinal and only Genuine. W 0 desire , o run on tha MR HIT OF OUR ARTICLR ! Thaies Ix wur,thWa. sold at much leg; TOSS and coin minions, COUssquentiv ostv , ng a, much brtttr profit. pErY CO 4 PIMITION AO for EIBLIVIBOLIES EXTRACT DUCHIL Taks tto o'h•.s. Sad by JOHN WYETH, Druggist, Corner of Market and Second eirrets, Harrisburg, AND A LL DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE. nol4 riaLe.Bm. EXTRACTS! EXTRACTS!! WOODSWORTH & RUNNEL'S SOPEaIoR FLAVORING NITRACTS RITTER ALMOND, • NECTARINE, • PINE APPLE, STRAWBERRY, • BASE, , • LIMON Alm ; - inuitleS•lnd ABS !0! - sal s by' ; YAN/L4A, • - two WM. HOOK, ft., a ea.. 1, HARRISBURG. PA., TUESDAY, JANUARY S. I Eke Vatrioi i s i . Elliot TUESDAY MORNING, JAN. 8, 1801 PERSONAL LIBERTY LAWS IMPORTANT CORRESPONDENCE-LETTER FROM JUDGE LEWIS. PIIILADELPIUS 7 Decoraber 29, 1860. To the lion. Ellis Lewis, late Chief Justice of the Su preme Court of Pennsylvania: DEAR SIR :—We have observed in the Public Ledger, of this city, of this date, an article pur porting to be an extract of a letter from the Hon. John Sherman, a member of the Houle of Representatives of the United States for the State of Ohio, addressed to Charles B. Trego, Chairman of a Committee of the People's Party of Philadelphia, by whom Mr. Sherman had been invited to partake of a public dinner got ten up for social and political purposes. In the extract alluded to we notice with surprise the following language 141 am, therefore, opposed to any change of the Con stitution, and to any compromise that will surrender any of the principles sanctioned by the people in the recent contest. If the Personal Liberty Bills of any State infringe upon the Constitution, they should at once be repealed. Most of them have sitoobered upon the statute books for years. They ass now seized upon by those who are plotting disunion as a pretext. We 'should give them no pretext. It is always right and proper for each State to apply to State laws the test of the Constitution. It is a remarkable fact, that neither of the border free States—New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois nor lowa—have any such upon their statute books. The laws of these States agni tot kidnapping are similar to those of Virginia and Ken tucky. The laws of other States, so called, have never operated to return a single fugitive slave, and may be regarded simply as a protest of those States against the harsh features of the Fugitive Slave law." Believing, as we do, that 11r. Sherman, in the above extract, has either ignorantly or wilfully mistated the facts as regards the laws of Pennsylvania, commonly called Personal Liberty laws, we respectfully ask from you, in reply to this, your views upon the subject. Your high character as a jurist and statesman warrants us in asking this much of you at a time when correct information on this subject is of so much importance to the proper under standing of the question as to what is the mean ing and purport of the provisions of the law of 1847, and those of the Revised. Penal Code of Pennsylvania, touching the reclamation of fu gitives from labor, &c. Trusting that you will at your earliest con venience favor us with a reply for publication, we remain, very respectfully, your obedient servants. THOMAS C. MacDownx, A. DEKALB TAM WEST PENN SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, January, 3,1881.- GENTLEMEN :—Yours of the 29th inst. is before me. You quote from the eloquent letter of the Hon. John Sherman, some remarks relative to what are called " Personal Liberty Bills" of several of the States, including Penn sylvania, in which he intimates that there are none upon the statute books which infringe upon the Constitution of the Unites States.— You think that he is mistaken as regards the acts of Pennsylvania, and you ask my views on the subject. • At such e n „„„,. D ....1 0 a in nur.history, when our great and - prosperous nation, with the best form of government that ever was devised, is rapidly approaching dissolution, every word and act should be governed by such influences as usually control the solemn scenes of the death bed. Party schemes, pride of opinion, ambitious aspirations, and all uncharitable feeling should give place to the high and holy consilerations of true patriotism. The truth should be spoken fully and fearlessly without regard to personal consequences; and, at the same time, with kindness and respect for the opinions of those who see the matter in a dif ferent light. The Constitution of the United States declares that fugitives from labor, coming from one State into another, "shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such labor shall be due." This clause imposes an active duty upon the State. A paasive acquiescence in the efforts of the owner to recover his property is not a fulfilment of the obligation. If the State throws no obstructions in the way of the owner it is certainly better than open and active nul lification ; but it is not a fulfilment of her obligation to ft deliver up" the fugitive within her jurisdiction. It is true that this is one of the duties in reference to which coercion can not be used against a State. The federal gov ernment may use its civil and military power to execute its own Fugitive Slave Law and to nullify all unconstitutional obstructions created by the States, but it cannot compel the States to fulfil their obligations to pass laws in accord - untie with this provision of the Constitution. The moral obligation is none the less on this account With honest men a word is as good as a bond.— Pennsylvania gave her word when she agreed to the Federal Constitution : she has superad ded her oath ; for all officers of the State, from the highest to the lowest, ever since the Con stitution was adopted, have been solemnly 'sworn to support it. The act of 25th March, 1826, was passed in fulfilment of this obligation. Its general provisions were satisfactory to the parties interested, but the first section of the act was construed to deny the right of recep tion, which was a Common Law incident of ownership, expressly protected by. the act of Congress of 12th of February, 1793, For the ex ercise of this right, a man named Prigg, agent for a slave owner, was convicted of the crime of kidnapping, under the first section of the act of 1826. The Supreme Court of the United States reversed thejudgment,and decided that the said section of the State act was unconstitutiottal. This was the only question that arose in the cause. But, unfortunately for the peace of the country, Judge Story, who delivered the opinion of a majority of the Court, volunteered an opinion that all State legislation, including acts iu favor of surrendering fugitives from labor to their owners, was unconstisutional, nulland void, One of the retteens.assigned on the re cord for this extraordinary doctrine, was, that a State might "dole out its own remedial jus tice or withhold it at pleasure," and " might greatly embarrass or delay the exercise-of the owners' rights," and "that the nature and ob , ject of the provision imperiously require that, to make it effectual," it should be construed to "be exclusive of State authority." This capti vating view of Southern rights by a learned judge from Boston, won over three Southern judges, against the arguments and remon strances of Chief Justice Taney, Judges Daniel, Thompson and others. It is a remarkable fact that in the life of Judge Story, written by his son, it is recorded that the Judge, when he re turned to Boston, spoke of this opinion as "a great point gained for liberty," "so great a point, indeed," adds the biographer, that the Judge " repeatedly and earnestly spoke of it to his family and intimate friends as being a triumph of freedom." The son undertakes to explain what was meant by "a triumph of freedom," by adding, " a triumph of freedom, because it promised practically to nullify the set of Congress, it being generally supposed to be impracticable to reclaim fugitive slaves, in free o S a ten States, a Lep ily t withr, (Life the i aid of Judge;idof Stare Story, legislation a 2d vol., p. 898.) A regard . fOr the reputation of this guiluent jurist, Suggests' the luipti that the sort misunderetood the language' Of, the father. Be that as it may, the ju tges who concarrcd in that mischievous heresy, "sowed the wind," and the nation is "reaping the whirlwind." The free States, justly indignant at this denial of their authority on grounds which impugned their integrity. and glad to b , relieved from a veiy panful ditty: repealed all their acts for the surrender of ingitive slaves, and withdrew all aid, of every description, in execution of the Fugitive Shore Law, In the exeitemcnt of the tithes, they also passed laws which seriously embarrassed the slave owner in the exercise of his rights. The Pennsylvania act of 3d March, 1847, is the act chiefly eomploined of. Its peesl provisions were substantially re-enacted on the 31st M drch, 1860, having been re ported for re enactment ay the Commissioners to Revise the Penal Code. It is proper to bear in mind, that this legislation was chiefly founded on the dictum . the . judges is Prizg's case, on a queidion which did not arise in the cause, and which they had no right to discuss or de cide; - and the opinion on that question was, therefore, not. a .judiciol decision, and ought not to have been respected as such. I am not aware that it ever was regarded in our courts of justice; I certainly disregarded it, and took cognizance repeatedly under the act of 1826, notwithstanding the dictum in Prigg's case, until the act was repealed. This view of the c , se has since been sustained by the unanimous decision of the Supreme • Court of the United States, in the case of Moore vs. the people of Illinois, 14 Howard's Reports 14. 'foe consti tutional obligation of the State to "deliver up" fugitive slaves, therefore, remains as binding as it was before . Prigg's case was decided. The cantle which produced m at of the unjust legis lation on this subject having thus been removed, there is now no reason why justice and comity should not be restored by wiping from our statute boOka every unjust or unfriendly en actment, The sth and 7th sections of the act, of 8d March, ]847, and the 95th and 96th sections of the new Penal Code, passed 31st March, 1860, are now in force. I proceed, according to your request. to give my views of those sections. The act of Congress of 12th Fehreery, 1793, gave jurisdiction to. State magistrates. The act of 18th September, 1850, did not repeal the act of 1793. Three were no words indicating an intention to repeal. On the contrary, the last act was entitled, a supplement to amend the first. There was no repugnancy in the provisions of the two acts, in regard to the jurisdiction of State magistrates. The rule is that when two acts in purl materia, may stand together, they are to have a concurrent operation, and one is beta repeal of the other; l or " iMpi4drepeals are not favored by the law." hut the 95th section of the Pennsylvania aet of 31st March, 1860, expressly prohibits all State magistrates from taking jurisdiction of fugitive slave Cases "under any act of Congress." If the State had not repealed the act of 1826, or if she had made.otheretleatuat provisions for the delivery of fugitive slave-, this:part of the 95th section of the act of 1860, would not be nnConstitutional; but es she has made no provision of her own, and also rein-es nit aid in executing every federal enactment on the subject, she stands justly,liable to the charge of disregarding the Cousthution. Sins of omission may bees criini aa gins of comraission. The circumstance that thD _can tjuni» unestiortig of a character which must necessaiily he en• trusted to our own setnte of justice and honor, only renders the du y to fultid It the inure im perative in the forum of conscience. Another part. of the same section prohibits the seizing of tugit.tve s ;Ives "violently anu tumultuously," although "under pretence of authority," and although the inientio t be to 4 carry the fugitive before a District or Circuit Judge." 'There is too much reason to fear that this provision may he construed to authorize the punishment of those who oid in the execu tion of the act of Congress. To underAnnd its effect properly, we must remember theta fugi tive slave will. in general, resist any attempt to arrest him, and that in the free State of Penn sylvania the sympathies of the bystanders will be excited in his favor. In such cases it would be impos-ible to arrest him without "violence and tumult." The tendency of this enactment is to embarrass the rights of the slavehelder, and it creates an invidious distinction against hie property: , It establishes a statute regula tion of great severity against his rights, which we do not apply to our own citizens and their property. . The 96th section of the act of 1860 prohibits the sale of a fugitive Slave . within the State, and makes it a criminal offence in the purchaser to exercise his right of reclamation. If it be true that the right. of property is not impaired by the absconding of the slave, it is equally true that the right to sell the property remains also unimpaired, because the right to sell is one of the chief incidents of ownership. If a State law may destroy one of the incidents of owner ship it may destroy all. So long as the owner does not attempt to retain the slave within the State, or to exercise ownership over him within our jurisdiction, except with a view to recla mation, we have no authority to interfere with his right of ownership; we are bound to de liver him up "to the person to whom the service may be due," whether he be the original owner or a subsequent purchaser. The original owner may be a female or a minor, or too poor or in firm to pursue the fugitive, or having arrested him, it may become apparent that the safety and happiness of both parties would be promo ted by a change of ownership. Ido not per ceive that the State has either interest orright to interfere with the owner in this respect. The sth section of the act of 34 of March, 1847, affirms the right of the State Judges "at. all times to issue the writ of habeas corpus and inquire into the causes and legality of the ar rest and imprisonment of any human being Within this Commonwealth." This enactment might be construed to authorize a State Judge to issue a writ. of hebeas corpus for the purpose of re-examining and re-judging the decision of a federal magistrate, or interfering with his process under the act of Congress ; if so, it is unconstitutional. The assertion of a right in the S ate Judges to interfere against the execution of the law, in the same act. that prohibits their action in its favor, manifests a very unfriendly spirit. The States, when they created the Federal Govern ment., and surrendered certain powers of sov ereignty to it, expressly declared that. the Fed eral authority, within those limits, should be supreme. It fol ows that they have no right whatever to obstruct its legislative action by "Personal Liberty Bills," by writs of hebeas corpus, or by auy other means. When Penn sylvania undertook to nullify the judgment of the Federal court, by means of her military power, her own State Judiciary concurred with the Federal court in pronouncing her act void. Olmstead's case, Brightly's Nisi Prins Reports 9. When the same thing was attempted, by means of the writ• of hominereplegiando, her own State court again decided against the attempt; (Wright's case, 6 S & R, 62;) and when asked to accomplish the like result, by prostituting the great writ of hebeas corpus to the purpose, her highest judicial tribunal decided against such abuse of the writ. Passmore Case. 2 Casey By the lot of 1780. the owners of slaves were allowed to visit us, attended by a waiter or nurse acquainted with their wants and attached to their interests. They were allowed to so journ among us six months, without destroying their rights of ownership; we never suffered any ineontenience front this civility to our Southern friends, John Randolph and his faithful Juba, whi!e soYourni rig in Philadelphia, never did us any injury. But the 7th section of the act of 3d March, 1847, prohibits the owner from sojourning within the State "for any period of time whatever," under the pen ally of forfeiting his rights of ownership, I am not prepared to say that this enactment is unconstitutional, but it exhibits an unfriendly dispo-ition, altogether at variance with that neighborly courtesy which the citizens of sister States should extend to each other. Neighbors can do many things to annoy each other and at the same time keep within the pale of mu nicipal law; but there is a law of love and kindness which should not be forgotten in our treatment of neighbors, especially when they are one guests; we should "do to others as we would that they should do to us." All the offensive legislation to which I have referred ought to be repealed, and enactments ought, to be substituted in fulfilment of our Constitutional duties. Pride of opinion should not stand in the way. We may abundantly gratify that., by the reflection that the action of the State in this respect., was produced by en unfortunate and erroneous opinion given by a majority of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States. As that high tribunal has magnanimously corrected its error, with entire unanimity, why should an upright 1 4 egislature of the great State of Pennsylvania hesitate to be equally magnanimous ? Our Southern friends willcertainly be liberal enough to assume their share of the blame for the past, when they reflect that three of their own Judges concurred in the erroneous doctrine which brought most of these evils upon the country. By correcting the evil, neither of the political parties can possibly gain any advantage over the other, for the error was common - to both. When it was committed one party held the legislative, the other the execu tive power, and both concurred in the wrongful enactments. The liberal views of the Execu tive, and of the Speakers of the respective Houses, as expressed at the opening of the present session, justify the belief that the evils complained of will be redressed. Yours, very respectfully, Ews LEwis. To Thomas C. Mao - Dowell, Esq., and A. DeKalb Tarr, Eeq. THE. NATIONAL CRISIS. Iti&ISNESS RULES THE HOUR. From the Public Lebger. Nessra. Editors:—'There are two classes of politicians engaged in efforts to dissolve the Union; the secessionists of the South, who claim the right to do so in peace, and the advocates of coercion in the North, who would do it by war. It is not, much to be wondered at, that the Southern people feel alarmed at their position in the republic, with four hun dred millions of property in slaves, and its right endangered, in their opinions, by the advent. to power of a sectional party. It is calculated to be so much the more alarming to theta, as it is the result of a, long struggle, in which the slavery question has been prominent, and during which their - rwars — have - ovira-cera-s‘suir.y increasing, and the danger magnified. Tue people of South Carolina have acted with pre cipitation, and have adopted an extreme mea enre, which might have been avoided, if they had not b-en driven, by their over-excited minds, into a belief that their only safety was in flying from a power that intended to destroy them. Looking at the past history of the sla very agitation, some reason can be seen fur their excitement, and some excuse for their want of wisdom, But what must be said of the Ninth ? Instead of meeting their fellow citizens inn spirit of kindness, as they ought to do, even if they are themselves without a tattle, and declaring that they have been misunderstood, and that there is no cause tor mistrust. or for apprehension of danger, the South is threat eyed with coercion, with the power of the North, with war and all its calamities. On all sides, and in high places, is to be heard the declara tion, that the Union must and shall be preserved at whatever hazard, not by peaceable means, but by three of arms. We are told that two hundred thousand men can be mustered on a short notice, to coerce South Carolina. We hear this from an officer whose trade is war, Whose whole study is how to use folic° with the greatest effect, and who scarcely thinks of any ether arbiter than the sword, Such men are necessary to fill a certain sphere, to fight when they are directed, but, are not safe advisers to determine whether war or negotiation is to be resorted to. Men speak as complacently of coercing South Carolina as if it were as easy a task as to arrest a vagrant in the street by a police officer. A little force is considered sufficient to quiet the controversy. When peo ple are so blind to consequences, so fearfully insensible to the terrible calamities that war would inflict upon the country, it is not. too much to say that madness rules the hour. They are essentially mad, and do not know it. Have they-considered the effect of an attempt at coercion? General Jackson on a former oc casion, had to deal with South Carolina alone; we have now to deal with the whole South. The people of the slave States ate divided into two parties, one in favor of separate secession, and the other for co-operation, which means se cession, if necessary, of the whole of the slave States in a body. There are so few with other views, that they do not make a party. This is the state of feeling in the South, to which atten tion should be directed, and it is apparent, that, if a violent blow is struck, there will be but one party there, but one sentiment, and that war between the two sections will inevitably follow. If war should be provoked, where will it be carried on? Will it he in South Carolina, in the District of Columbia, along the line of Alaryland and Peunsylvania, or throughout the whole country ? How long is it to last? What is to be its end? In its progress men's minds will fluctuate with different passions and changing motives, and it may be converted in o a war of political parties, and divide the people of the North against each other. Northern me ebonies and artisans, deprived of their indus try, may pat the blame of their distress upon th e original agitators of the slavery question, an d range themselves accordingly. These dan gers and others are possible, and cannot be dis hing the consequences of a regarded in weighing war, among such a people as those of the United States.. The advocates of coercion be fore concession are urging us into a frightful conflict. They are guilty of the madness of inciting to a war, destructive of the whole Union, in order to prevent one State from lea ving it in peace. But is our confederation a rope of sand that nuty fall to pieces at the pleasure of a single State ? Oa this question the arguments have been exhausted, or nearly so, and neither side is convinced that it is in error. When such is the positioh of the controversy, a true states man ceases to discuss the question of right, and baking a comprehensive view of all the circum stances, treats the irreconcilable difference ,of opinion in one of 'the settled faett with which, PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING, HUI:DANS 11XCIEPTIED, BY 0. BARRETT & CO. UR DAILY PATRIOT AND PNIOS will he served to cab scribers residing in the Borough for SIX ORN2IIPKA wawa payable to the Carrier. Mail rabseribere, iron DOL LARK PZR ANNUM. 'VHS IN/MILT will be published as heretofore, and weekly during the session of the Legislature, and once • week the remainder of the year, ;or two dollars in ad vance, or three dollars at the expiration of the year. Connected with this establishment is an extensile JOB OFFICE, containing a variety of plain and fang. type. unequalled by any estatilishrnent in the interior of the State, for which the patronage of the public le eft- Hafted. NO. 108 he is t o de,tl, in yielding his measures to a course of pra.otie.ll wi-dom. If the 'louse has peen fired, he extinguishes the flames as quickly as he can, and does not firA pause to argue whether the incendiary is a criminal. If a State secedes, it is better to let her go in peace, than to do worse, by driving othi.re to assume the same attitude. We can afterwards restore, the bonds of Union, without having the woundil of intestine conflicts to heal, and the recollec tions of aniinosi•y to Hl:other and forget. Wei will sever all national attachments, perhaps forev,r, and I,ur - future history may be read in the past history of Europe; a history of stutid• ing armies, destructive :inodes, and public dis tresses. It may be relied upon, that nothing Can Eupport a ItepuLlican Confederated Union, but the affection of the people for each other, and for the , r form of government. x. o. N. A LETTER RROII "OLD IRONSIDES.,, The venerable Com. Stewart, of ihe U. S. navy, having been invited to attend a meeting in Philadelphia, to adopt measures to avert a dissolution of the Union, responded in a letter, from which we quote : As a native of this city, on the call of my fellow citizens, had my views been essential to what I might deem just, honorable and patri otic, I should have advised a rendition, not only to the South, but to all the States, of a full, fair and constitutional redress of all grievances of which they had a just right to complain, on their relinquishment of all oppressive or mu tinous proceedings founded on the motion of any State whatever, and a restoration to the charter articles of the Constitution anything of which they may have been deprived through a vicious, unfair or latitudinous construction of that instrument, or a revision of the Constitu tion ite.elf, which so closely binds together myriads of the human family—seeking, under it, all their rights in pursuit of honor, welfare and happiness. As an important nation, we should bear in mind that, through the imper fection of huMan nature, no combination, even of the most profound and virtuous minds, can arrive at perfection; and that all difficulties and dangers cannot, in a first essay in forming a code for the perpetuity,and stability of a bond of fraternal brotherhood and union, be fore seen and provided for in so extensive a commit nity of powers; and cur own unfortunate experience may teach us in future that so com promises will ever prove to be a cos rective for wrongs dune or meditated. My voice is, millions for the redress of just grievances, but not one cent for imaginary ones. THE EVACUATION OF FORT MOULMEIN. The Governor of South Carolina has sent a message to the legislature in relation to Major Anderson's movement& He says it was dig.. tinctly understood between the State and the General Government that no change was to be made in the tomes in the forts, and adds: The reply of Major Anderson was that he did not know anything of such a pledge, and acted on his own responsibility, with a view to prevent the effusion of blood, and declined to return. I immediately ordered the occupation of Castle Pinckney and Sullivatee Labatt, and if it could be done iu safety, after an examination as to the repelled undermining, then Fort Moultrie itself should be occupied. Li the orders issued it was expressly stated. elao to prevent the limber d strut ion of the pub lic t.roperty, 311111 to secure the public safety, if posAltie. The officer taking possession of Crastle Pinckney stated that if it had nut been dune the public property in that fort would have ht.en destroyed, as was dove in Fort Moultrie. The arsert.d, containing the arms of the United States in this city, was more re cently taken possession ILlt, to prevent any pre rm.ture eulltston, and for safe keeping in the present excited state of the public mind. All the steps which have been taken have been taken from necessity, and with a view to give security awl safety in the present condition of the country. EXCITING MEETING AT PUILADELPIIIA.---TME REPUBLICANS OPPOSE TREIsiuN-COERCION LICY. PHILADELPHIA, Jan. s.—An adjourned meet ing of citizens to consider the state of the Union, took place at the Board of Trade Rooms to-day at noon. ' The committee to whom the resolutions at the previous meeting were referred, made nO report, and there being au evident determina tion on the part of many present, who did not participate in the last meeting, to force tbepas sage of Judge Lewis' non coercive resolutions, which was resisted by prominent Republica:l, an exciting scene of disorder occurred, during which District Attorney Mann showed a wil• lingriess to fight on the spot. On motion of a Republican the meeting ad journed, but another was immediately called at the same place, when Judge Lewis was placed in the chair. Resolotions were then uttered, denuunciug personal 1 berty bills, etc., and approving Mr. Crittenden's resolutions, and adopted unaniniouiily. The Republicans refused to participate intle sec o nd meeting, and manifested much ill-feel jog at the conduct of their political opponents iu thus overidms them. Wasniso.ros, Jan. 6.—The enrolment of the Dist. ict of Columbia military will probably . commence to-morrow. The plan for their re organization wile matured mote than six months ego, but all the officers were not appointed until recently. The movement now is to e concentrate the militia as to be efficient for service should it be neeetisary at any time to call them out to preyerre the peace. Not more than one company of Marines was out yesterday to garrison Fort Washington, which is on the Potomac river, about fourteen miles from Washington. The fort has had no garrison for some years, and the object in sup plying it with Otte now is to avoid the possi bility of ite being occupied by lawless persons us a rallying point for mischief. The troops ordered from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Mellen , y are not to be sent South, as wrongly eupposed by many gentlemen froiu that section. Wett3UIMITON, Jan. 6.—The Crittenden com promise scents to be gaining friends, who en tertain the opinion that if it were fairly presen!; ted to the people, it would be accepted by them as a basis of settlement. The main difficulty, however, in the way is that. some parties are at present indisposed to offer it without LUMP canoes that others will receive l it in a mutes), spirit oraccommodation. both South and North. THE 130rDste sTATECoItiMITTEE—ADOPTION OP raueostrtor:s FOR TRIG REMEDISNT 07 TAB NATIONAL TROUBLES. The couimittee on the part of the border States held their second meeting in Washington on Friday night and adopted the following propositions :—Recommending the repeal of all . the personal liberty bills; an ethoient emend ing of the fugitive slave law Preventing kid* napping; equalizing commissioners' fees, etc.; that the Constitution be so amended as to pro hibit any interference with slavery in any of the States. - That Congress shall stet abolish olaveri in the dock-yards, etc., nor in thnDisitiot of Cot tumble, without the consent, of filaryjnod . and the consent of the District, the in4ll46l6tek MILITARY MOVEMENTS THE CRITTENDBLY COMPROMISB
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