Important and Interesting Documents. Buchanan's Reed Opinion of Fremont ■ ,!. •• ' A i>i l a;,/! TBsmiowT on mnooKUaacoi ci£epornia. Tjjp.lpst. steamer ■ hitouglil an important document,' ip wtycfilWbof the candidates now Before ilie"‘people for ihe Presidency prominently fi'gUto. It is'n der tided copy of the eridbbce'for the defense 1o the caseof Gibbs rs. Fremont, being 1 the copy of depositions taken befortCommia sioners undbr the authority iff the’Gourt'of Common PleSs, London} in’’lB<iB. -0!> liwill be TehaSmbered' thaf s CbK v> PWnßilf fkttk'br rested' ih’tondob On' srecOtitHCFkfcbtb Cbnt traded to California. 1 The dbfeflWWiib.thaf these debts were contracted onf aceoiimofthe United States Government,’ H’Ckrf. Fremont drew bills of exchange' to 'the' atnounl of nineteen thousand five hundred dollars upon the Secretary of Slate of’ the’ United States, the liabilities having been incurred on Gov ernment account while Col. ’Present was Governor of California. The bills fell into the hands of persons in Londob, and being protested for non-acceptance, the holders sought to hold Col. Fremont personally liable. The evidence of James Buchanan of Pennsylvania—upon whom, as Secretary of Stale, the bills were; drawn—being consid ered material to the issue, the Court appointed Henry L. Gilpin, Hugh Campbell and Peter McCall of Philadelphia, Commissioners to take depositions of witnesses for Col. Fre mont in Pennsylvanio. They were to be sworn and then administer oaths to interpre ters, clerks. Sia —the testimony so taken to be sent under seal to Sir James Parke, Chief- Justice of the Common Pleas. Herb is THE DOCUMENT, VICTORIA, by the Grace op God, op the United Kingdom op Great Britain and Ireland, Queen Defender of tub Faith: To Henry D. Gilpin, Hugh Camp bell and Peter McCall, alt of Philadelphia, in the United Stales of America, esquires. Com missioners, nominated and appointed on be half of the defendant hereinafter mentioned— Greeting: Know ye, that we, in confidence ol vour prudence and fidelity, have appointed vou, and by these presents do give unto you,' or anv two or more of you, full power and auihoritv diligently to examine certain wit nesses at Pennsylvania, m the United States of America, to be produced, sworn and ex amined on the part of John CharlesFremonl, the defendant in a certain action, on promises now pending in our Court, before the Barons of our Exchequer at Westminister, upon in terrogatories, wherein William Gibbs, Henry Bucks Gibbs, John Hayne and George Thom as Davy are plaintiffs, and the said John Charles Fremont is the defendant, to be ex hibited and put to them, the said several wit nesses, on the part of the said defendant, and also to cross-examine the said several witnesses respectively on certain cross inter rogatories also to be exhibited and put to them on the part of the said plaintiffs, &c. ****** We here quote the oaths: THE WITNESSES' OATH. You are true answer to make to all such questions-as shall be asked you touching the matters in question in this cause, without fear or affection to either'party, and therein you shall speak the truth. So help you-God. TUB COMMISSIONERS’ OATH. You shall, according to the best of your skill and knowledge, truly and faithfully, and without partiality to either of the parties in this cause, take the examination# and cross* examinations and depositions of all and every the witness and witnesses produced add ex amined by virtue of the commission within written. So help you God. \ TUB INTBBPBETBr’s OATS. You shall truly and faithfully, and accor ding to the beat of your skill and knowledge, and without partiality to either of the parties in this cause, interpret the depositions of the witness now about to be ezamioed before us bv virtue of the commission within written; and also that you will truly aud faithfully interpret the oath to be taken by the said witness prior to ' his examination, and .also the question or questions to be put to him on his examination |nd cross-examination. So help you God. 1 THE CIBBK’S OATH. You shall truly, faithfully, and without partiality to any or either of the parties in this cause, take and write down, transcribe* and engross the depositions of all and every witness and witnesses produced before and' examined by us, the Commissioners in this commission within named, so far as you are directed and employed by us to take, write down, transcribe or engross the said deposi tion?. So help you Gods The Commissioners then proceeded with their duty, as appears by the following: ' We, HenrV 1 D. Gilpin; * Hugh : Campbell and Peter McCall, the'Commissionera Da fried in the writ of commission herewith* annexed, issuing out and under the seal of her Mnjes, tv's Court of Exchequer, at Westminster, bearing date the Bth day of October, in the sixteenth year of tier said Majesty’s reign, do hereby, in pursuance of the said writ, cer tify and return that we have proceeded to examine upon the several interrqgatoriea and cross-mierrogpiqfies . Honorable, James, pqphaqan, he befpg'thq only witness who has been .brought before, us (br that purpose, pursuant to .the said writ, and that the,pappr.writing.hereunto annexed, and njaikod B, and signed with .opr names, and with the name of the said Jamgsßpchap an, is the examination and cr.osa.-exarainaljoq 1 ,, reduced into writing, of the said James Bu chanan, a witness examined, op of tl|p defendant in. the said.wrjt natqed, and cross examined on behalf of the, p.foipuflfs, I 'vyfiich. have been reduced iqlo writing byCaldwell K. Biddell. Esquire,'the clerk employed by, us in that behalf, a? by the, said writ'ls tfoec-' ted; and we certify and return jbar.jkp several paper,writings and, documentsifee‘- unto annexed,, and,marked wlih the hurthprs 1. 2, 3 and 4, respectively, ate the several’ paper documents referred lo in' the examination and cfoss-examinalidnotihe' said witness l and we do hereby'certify thal the several oaths direcledby the fa id writ of commission to be lajten by us, and to be ad ministered by us,- have been duly taken by ss, and each of us, and by'QS administered l •o, and duly taken* by theolerk, who so wrote* down and transcribed' the deposition oftbe *sid witnessCand al& by thesaid.witnesd/ who has beeta examined under,and by virtue °k, the said writ of commission; knfl we fo*. rflJ '{ ■*WUj_lWU'.e < lii.| , , Ic, wflu. 1 i-jiT.oq' , - i i si-‘ r. -T -'■■ -i ■•>■• •'••■•' =tm jttf » 1 !<• .■.•>./.■ t; r‘i'»e ,<ii;i ./ ' ' . .rflt »»■•>■,, ;i ..••j »»*» i J * U «1H» AOiTJrtio», > *u Mwmnm ., n. PUBLlSHg^fe^ a/.** * to • i» f *rvoft 1 _ , _ . . . f add'tctorolhat’we havedond'all •uoh otheraets, and matters and .things; as by the- said writ of-commission we bre direct ted. Authorized and required to,do; do wit* ness whereof we have hereunto eel our hands, the fourteenth .day .-of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty,lwo. ■ HENRY D. GILPIN. HUGH CAMPBELL. PETER McCALL. MR., BUCHANAN'S EVIDENCE. James' Buchanan, of the county of Lan caster, in the Stole of Pennsylvania, gentle T man, called, pworn and examined, Wit ness on the part'pf said defendant, deposeth and .eailb, to such of the several foregoing interrogatories and cross interrogatories as are respectively, distinguished by the number set opposite to, and placed at the commence ment of each of his answers thereto, as fol lows, that is to S?y t Question. What isyobr name, your pres, ent residence, and your profession, occupa tion, iwsiness or employment 7 . _ ( Answer. My name' is James Buchan an,,my present residence is Lancaster Cpuniy JPenn sylvania, and lam npt engaged in any par ticular occupation or employment. , Q. Do you know the defendant in this cause, and how Ipng have you been acquain ted with him 7 A. I do ,knpw tlve.defejidapt in.this cause, and have been acquainted with h>tn at least ten years. . G , Q. Where were you residing in the year one thousand eighi hundred and forty,sevgot A. In the City of WasJiing'on. Q. Were you then personajly acquainted with the defendant? . A. -I was. i Q. Did you see the defendant during that year I A. I did see the defendant during that year, but not till after his return from. California, in the latter end of Summer or commencement of Autumn of that year., Q. Was the defendant (ben,or al any lime, in the service of the United Slates Govern ment ? If yes, in what capacity 7, A. The defendant .was in the service pf the United States Government, as Lieutenant- Colonel of the regiment of Mounted Riflemen, throughout tbo whqle of thol yqqr j, was, appointed to- this office in’the latter end of May, one thousand eight hundred-and Tprly six; he had been (br six or more ytjars pre viously p Lieutenant in the Corps of Tp’po* graphical Engineers, in' wmcti uib uict« of Captain had besn conferred upon him for meritorious services in bis exploring expedi tions. Q. Did the defendant in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-seven hold any, and if „■ officcajtmder the said Government, and did he noid the aaid offices, or any of. them, in the month of March, one ihousapdpfghJ hundred, and forty t seven? ' _ ; r , A, During the whole year he .held the office of Lieulenant-Colenel in the. Corps of Mounted Riflemen. Q. Do you know who was the Military Commandant and Governor of California, within the territory of the United Slates in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty seven, and particularly in the month of March its that year ? A. I know that in the first months of that year there was a dispute between Col. Fre mont, the defendant, and General Kearney of the United Stales Army, as to which of them was the legitimate Military Coramantjant and Governor of California ; and this dispute ex isted throughout the month of March, 1847 ; after this time General Kearney was the un disputed Military Commandant and Governor till the beginning of June, when hp was suc ceeded by Col. Mason of the United, .Slates Army, who continued in this position until after the end of the year. , , ■ . Q. Do yoq who was the person in actual command 6( the land forces of the Governmenl,pf.the.,Uniied. Stales in .Galifpr nia, in the yqar.nne thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, and m ibe month oC Marsh-, in that year? ;1 ~ A. Col. Fremont, thp defendant,, .was California at the corrimencemenlpf hostilities behyeen the United Stales and fne .Republic of Mexico; he there raised and commanded a battalion of California volunteers, consisting of abqut four hundred seryices wefe. very valuable ; he bdre a part in the conqv.est. of Califo^nia^and,in ray opinion is better, tp. be_cafydihe “ Conqueror ”,,<Aqn' ; man,;, bp ponunupd in, the ,qptua( ( ,cqmma'i)(j, of this battalion throughout,ttw. nqonlh .of Ma/cb, J 847, bpj there werp othgr,,ilroops, in California—other troops of tjae United B, upder tbe command of Gen, Kearqey, who wa? afterward the Military pnd ; Governor. pf,Ca|ifdrnia, ay, Oay& alrpa,t|y, slated !n my aqayfex tpjhq.pjAlhjqfe^pM;, nu|B,lo whj.cn ?h»yp.plready and Cen. Ke^ppy. aa tfae Cajifprpi.a ba.j[al top tfjey, vyerq tmtk'jlw Frenjopt, yyhile, Gea. fßearpeyoppH mantfed Ine' other troops of tqe States;! fo* fb& llye ppxi Q- Dojop.kppw yyar ;onn,lhny3^,qight;h^teffia^ f ,(bf!y.: betw.epp.tbe govern;, public of Msxico,!, If yeaf jtjhep, did supn hostilities commence’, and how long did they continue,! - 1* .-i;;._;i ~ „« 0 i adT A i Hostilities ,««iMed(belweea the, , United.' States end ibo ltepubliaof, Mwico_ through* ouMhewbolftofiiba yeas ons thousand eight hundred, Alii forty-seven ;■ then hesliliUosj HTiir3i.fi > v ti and j.lhq qxistenca %. W J»l»«jen Republics. f ai| apt of Congress of the thirteeiyhpf sayvpqq eigfy, hundred and forty-six, .fjqstijhjea cqqUnwd between them,until thp v conclusion of the treaty of peace of Guadalupe Hidalgo.on ihq second of February, ope thousand eight hun dred and forty-eight, . t fit , Q. Were such hostilities existing it) or pre* Ttous to the month of- March,' one -thousand eight hundred and forty-seven? y r ■ ■ A. i They were;both in-and previous tothe month of Mirchione tfaouiand eight hundred and forly-sdvePii 1 Q. Do you knowwhetherany, and if any, what foroesofihe said Government of the United Stales were, in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, engaged in hostilities with the said Republic of Mexico? ' A. AW the forces of- the United States Were engaged in hostilities with the Republic of Mexico, except such as were indispensably necessary for the performance of other duties, and this throughout rite year onS thousand' eighf hundred and forty-seven.' , 1 Q. Were the said forces of th’e'iaid' Gov ernment of (he Said United Slates' fh Califor nia, or any part of (hose forces, engaged iti the sald 1 hostilities with the said Republic of Mexico in one thousand eight hundred and forty-seven 7 ' ■ A. The'forces of 1 (he United Stales’ in Cal ifornia, were engaged in'hostilities with the' Republic of Mexico in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-seven. Q. Under whose command "were the forces Of the Government of the said United Slates in California so engaged id hostilities with the said Republic of Mexico? A. These forces were under the command of Commodore Robert F. Stockton,'Colonel Prcmqnl, the defendant, and General Kear ney, and, after General Kearney, Colonel. Mason. The last actual resistance of which lam aware,'was pa the eighth and ninth of January, one thousand eight hundred and forty.geven. The forces of the United Slates in these . engagements were under the com mand of Commodore Stookton and. General Kearney. The results of, theseeogageraenls were so disastrous to the enemy that the lead ers of the Californians, a lew days thereafter, met Lieutenant-Colonel Fremont (who was in command of the battalion of California volunteers, -and who was hastening to tbe> scene of action, but did not arrive rn lime to .take natt in theee encßnem«» , “i “i>a -onio-oH ■into a capitulation with ntm, whereby tbs pao ple under arms and in the field agread to dis perse and remain tjoiet end peaceable. There was no actual battle fought afterward in Cal ifornia, to my knowledge, but tho stale of war between the two Republics continued, of cbtlrae, until the treaty of peace. Q: wyuuf-wWj-..., t, ajjd ifatiy what, forageor other necessaries were sups' plied’ to or for the said' forces pf tbe satid' United • States so - engaged in ftoßtililieS.wilh the said Republic or Mexico I. , partic ularly, do yop know wether auysucfi supplies were hecessary for the forces under the Com mand of Ihe defendant! A. I know not whether any, and if any what, forage or other necessaries were sup plied to or for (be said forces of the Unifed States, so engaged in hostilities with the Re public of Mexico, but I do keow that such supplies were necessary forthe forces under the command of thh defendant, and that no appropriation had been made by to pay for these supplies. Congress could mol have anticipated that Colonel Fremont would raise s California battalion by his own per sonal exertions, and ’without previous instruc tions, Q. Stale if known to you, upon whose or der the said forage or other necessaries were supplied-, and the course of dealing in relation ip, such.supplies, anJ lhe-mode.jp which the payment for the same was made or secured 1 A. -I know-nothing of the matters and things contained lathis interrogatory. 1 ' ’ |Qi .Were ihe/sttid to, and proper and necessary far the. said forces of' thesaidGovernment of the said United States so dngagedin Hoslilitins-as pforesaid?' 1 '.I Hpoyy, nothing rid’tliings 1 conialnedi iqi.this Ipterregatory, ana Jo not know whether lhe Said supplies- were suitable to, and proper arid* necessary fop-the said' forces'of the'' said Government of the said United.Stales,..so 'engaged in ‘hpst'nil.ies, as further than ;I have stated in my answer, tp.ibp, (fifteenth-inter rogatory, -Cl. Do you.know, whether any,and ifany, what bills werb^given'irrpay tneolfor thesaid supplies? ; ■ ■' A. f donpt.know'wheih'er!,a o y^’d.hd if any, what hills-were given in’payment bl the said Q. took' aV’the' bit Is’ now 'prdducJJ' ¥nd w t’W 1, O' , L-. .113,'-,.:; .in r f.., , J..' ' >l! I shqwp ,(ft you,.and pay. whether : ihey ; ,pr Jiny, of them were.oc'Waa given in. payment for the saidlbragb and so slip*-. p|fJJ(o; , ot fp|P tfftfsafd' forcesof tHb United ■A« Na.,bilK.betng shpwu-la me, J aßloto nnswer!amything contained in. this ,-in« lfirrbghthry. ilo " ,,! ■n’i’ »i drawer of: 1 he? W -bills?,, .(I f §p,stnle .wheth-, er the said bills-or eny.of-lhem: aroioriaiin his handwritiiig'? - " 1 v- 1 —'• ■- • -■ ■-1 . .A., No.biUs being shown (6rt6, ; i'cannot answer-IT/,,-*,- .-Q/koob, auhacppy. bills; no.w., produced and shown to you, and say whethenlha'Orig*! ;bitVs',''dr :any oP'ihem; were’fir wfwftywi'in i^yp^ijfoyjfna,^ other- FMceseaFies..so, supplied loor-.forl'ho said foroesor (hssaid United States Govern mcm? : 01 A .' Ldbkiiigal Ihe'cbftJ'bilfa htiw(jr,odqeed; anchshpwil to roe, and which' said copies of li 17P W 1 1 'r r i. ' f * ,*T tl [Jt h [ ot- f' H * !r r »( ii- 1 !fTa aO toUvm •* OfW 'Hv THfiffiSD AT StOESnJCUIJCXO .Lulu. ffilMTtjf dxcHartgd'aipihe'seVefdl jpaper Wrp' flfadNtlM documentshereunto hjtm&a' rdpSofrvely Wli 4jie !i Wyt!ial imm.' be'rd'lj 2, 3 And 4,l'kay that! ifo pot 'khow iha' original of sufch any of Ifi'emi were or was given 'V payjnehi lor*|bf> sai(J forage and pljier nece)Ba'arie8 S ad sappli?d 10, pfjor the saiiTforde? of, iW said untied SiatesGovernment. i Q ; If nay, say whether any, bill or bills.of the like lenor and effect were or was, ever given in such payment, apd if yes, .when ,t he same were or-was so giyen.J.' 4-ijl know nothingof ihe maUersand things contained in this interrogatory, Q. Do you know in what .character or capacity the drawer of the .said, .original..bill or bills of the like tenor and effect drew the same, whether in his individual character, or in any, and if any, what public character.or capacity. If yes,- state fully the • circum stances 1 , , , Aj 1 do not know in what character or ca pacity the- drawer of the said bills drew the same-; but I perceive, from the face- of-the bills, that they have been drawn by Colonel- John C. Fremont as Governor of California ; by the bills. I mean the copies of the bills hereto annexed, marked 1, *, 8 and 4 ; I therefore infer that they were drawn by him in the'character which he attributes lo himself' Q. 'Do you know who was the Secretary of Stale of (he said United States in and du ring} (he year'one thousand’eight hundred arid forty seven, or m any part of that year 7 A. I knoty that 1 was Secretary of State of the United Slates during the whole of (he year 1847. i Q. Do you know whether or not the de fendant-himself individually and for his own private use dr benefit ever received any con sideration for said bills, Or Sny of them, and was there any consideralionwhalever lot the drawing or accepting of the same bills, or any or either of them, other than to procure sup plies for the forces under his command in California. ■ . \ A. I neither, know nor believe that the de fendant himself individually, or for his own private use or benefit, ever received any con sideration forsaid bills, or any of them, and do not believe there was any consideration whatever for the drawing or accepting of the same bills, or any or either of them, other than to procure Supplies for the forces under his commUnd in California. 1 ' Q. Do you know F. Huttman, in the plead ings of this cause named 7 : A. Ido not know F. Huttman, in the plead (Qgv ut IOKT UautJK.MWTniuv . ■ — —-* ~Q. Look, at the bills of exchange now shown you at Ibis the time of your examina tion. Was the said F. Huttman, at ahy time to your knowledge, the holder or payer of any such bills ol exchange, or any of ibeml; If yea, state the time wMn and all the ciraum- Stances, within’ your knowledge under which No biils of - exchange* Detog to me,, f cannot answer this interrogatory.. . Q, Look, at the copy bills of exchange now. shown to you, and say whether the said F, Huttman was, at any time to your knowledge, the bolder or payer of the originals.of such bills of exchange, or any or either of them. If yea, state the time when, and all the cir cumstances within your knowledge under which he became such holder. If nay, state whether the said F. Huttman was at tiny time, to your knowledge,’the holder or payer of any bill 'or bills of a’ like tenor and effect, if yea, state the time when, and all the cir cumstances within your knowledge under which he'became such holder? A. Looking at the copy bills of exchange, now shown to - me, and hereto annexed, — marked 1,2, 3 and 4,1 say I know nothing of the matters and things contained in this interrogatory. Q. Had the said F. Huttman, at the time when he first became such holder or'payer of ihe said original bill or bills of the like tenor and effect, or any of them,.or other and.whot time, any' notice of the cir cumstances under which, such bills,pr any of them, were drawn,, and did he, when he re ceived the said bills, or any of thenf,' know the oonaidefation for which they were drawn 1 Stale fully your knowledge herein., A. 1 Know" trolhing of (he mailer* < and things' contoined in ibis'inlferrbgaiopyvI*' 1 *' Q. Do youknow, the plhWiiffs 1 in' ibis, cause? . •v, i - a . A. 1 do not know, the plaintiffs .in this cause.-' It, ‘ ' ■ ■ < I ” 'l .;i< Look at>.the bills off exchange, ,t#ow< shown you, At this tha thnei of your exnmi-i nation, j Werethe plaintiff's* jot adytif them at any lime, toyolir knowledge,>the indorsers or holdera ofMhe saidbillsj oi-any'of ihem 1 If yes, stole, if'known fo you,- whenthey'b&t'. came such holders and thecircomsthncea'un der which I hey' became such holders ? 1 '- ; A. No bills of exchange being.jao.w.shqyv,p to me, I cannot answer this interrogatory. ' ■' Q. Lobk at ‘fhd Copy Bills of‘eichwge now showh' Voa at this the'lirhe op’ yobr ffminaiion: !r \Verd' lhd -pldmtifff, of Sny 6f iheW, ht ‘ariy'lrfde.Yd iftf dbVserS : 'of' Koldeys bf lHe dfiginala flf silcff bills, or ahy'Bf thern'f .'if yfetf.’bfate ifkn’own' iff yotli'w.heri tKey^beckipb'shch 1 hi((lerS : rfnd the Ci rcurhslSndeymiijifr'lwhicii such Holders./ ‘ "! V.,’i,..., , A. Looking bids brexchange now shown rhe,'’and heretomnnexeff marked Jhjsjn^rroi;, ; .ft,. Vo.. you, f Jkpivy wl^er^he* wpre qyen-1 he] holder# of, qny h hM*^ > CA^ i K ß i igppr and effect xep, sm(e, lh O .P^ rl !P. u ;, Jars of such bill or bills fully, and when the plaintiffs sa held the same.and ..lb® oircum stance*’ under which they.bncaine-#udiJwUl« ifefjl.:.; {■.'l..;* q. Ji -t.*- > —* l ’ UriirJOff.t Ok - ! •*"•**•• ... • • 'j 1a »'-•* ?{ ■■ c A.,lhnow nolntgjg»M{Jmpmand things conttfipedin ibiHd{Mhnms^ Art yoo when they' first of the said original bill fect, or, any of thorp, hadfiwtice jbf j,he cir cumstance under Which, and the.cotisideration upon which; the same the capaciiy in "which defendant drewthem T A.. I know* nothing of the ’mailers and things contained in this interrogatory. Q. Did the plaintiffs give arty, and what, value or consideration for the indorsements of the said bills, or any and which of them, or was there never any Value or consideration for the.plaintiffs becoming the holders of the said bills dr any of them 7 Stale fully your knowledge heVein. ' 1 - A. I know nothing of the matters and things contained in this interrogatory. . Q. Is there within your knowledge any other matter or thing touching or concerning the matteis inissuein this cause, or the par ties thereto, material or necessary to be known and adduced in evidence,on the trial hereof— if yes, state fully the particulars hereof. A. To the best of my knowledge the ori ginals of the bills, copies of which are now produced and shown to me, and are hereto annexed, marked-Nos. 1,2, Bahd4, were presented at the Stale Department; in the city of Washington, for acceptance and payment, but I do not recollect the individual or indi viduals by whom presented ; I should have accepted and paid these bills, from my gene ral knowledge of the transactions in Cali fornia, had Congress appropriated any mon ey, and placed it at my disposal, which could he applied to their payment, though it would have been more correct to have drawn these hills on the Secretary of - War: 1 should have accepted and paid these bills, and have them charged in account against Col, Fre [ mont, to be settled for at the general settle ment of his accounts as Commander of the California, battalion, had any such appropria tion been made, 1 know of po other matter or thing touching or concerning the matters at issue in this cause, or |he parlies thereto material or necessary to Be known and ad duced h evidence of the trial thereof. CROSS-EXAMINATION. Question' —Where have you resided du ring the last five years 7 Are you in the em ploy of any and what person or persons? If yes, in what capacity 7—how long? • Answer—l have resided during the last five years, tho first portion of the lime in the ttne'tn Ir&QSty’W 1 of Pennsylvania. lam not in tho employ of any person. Q. Are yori in any manner interested in the result of ibis cause? If so how 7 A. I am not in any manner interested in tlje result of this cause. Q. Will, or can any result of this cause id lily way benefit or prejudice you. .A, No result of this cause can in any way preji/iUCB-or u»,fii me, - Q. In case you have 'math, .nawef that any bills or bill as to which you have been interrogated, were or was given iii payment for forage, or any other necessaries supplied to, or for the forces of the United Slates Gov ernment, under the command of the defend ant, siale whether or not the defendant receh ved for his own use, as a commander of the said forces, any and what part of such forage slid necessaries, or either add which of therm, declare the trdAh and your knowledge herein t" A. 1 know nbt whethei of not' the defend ant received for his oWn use, ns commander' of the said forces, any, or what part, if any of such forage and or either and j which of them. ' Q. In case you have made answer to the , interrogatories pul to you on behalf of the' defendant,; John Charles Fremont, go through the same one by one, and,state whether you have given your answer thereto from your knowledge and observation, or from what ybii have beeu told by others, or how other wise 1 Stale hdw y6d have come to know the matters yoff have "deposed (6. Is not ybor kmlWledgC of all, 'br some ahd what 1 pdVt,'oFthe matters plated in- your answers,' derived from hearsay”? Declare thfe frtlih of' yoflf kiidwjedge, herein/' ‘ ' ! l' "A. 1 have gone lb rough rhy ahstvfers'to (he inWrogalortM, j>ny by one, pul to me on hb half of llt nd a n I,' Jo it n.Cb arl es‘ Fr em o nl, and,slate ihaij have answered .ihe. ondj .thtfdi.fourth, fifth sixth, seventh, tenth, efevriilt}, VjKgPVy-.jljlOy*. 'sijtfji frpm my.owp. knowledge f. have.,*Dsvygfed .ihe.giglb, ninth, ihir., leenlh, fourleepllt*,fifteenth, twenty-third and twenty-jifth not,frpm my .own personal knowl,.. edge and observation, b'ut from my own close observation of tho-avents of the Mexican war, os (hey occurred, end,ifrom information deri ved- from official documents, as, a .member of rliq,. Citbinc); of, President Polk, who _was President of, ifte Upped Jhales during..'lie wfofp ,of ihe j,. my„ knowledge' of, trip maUCfSjo’ yvhiqh I .bay? Reposed is dfc rfvpjji, fro(p,hcarsay.ln.po other I have herinhefore.sjpled,.l:haVo 1 [.have no ,k now I edge,of,;he,mailers, inquired of in thin,other ioterroHnif?.nes-„ , „ „ Ukmuk D, ,ta >. i- ,. . Jluon CAWmsiJ/,..; >. Commissioners. PETES-McGAUiP i.„l, rfempcralic., paajnr,‘t.y , w hic.h existed in Virgin)a v ,hns a| I wpSP,,epffle, l ,frpm, the B,oo'-. Gp/tm/m? Am. npe.. “ipfeoted with *he Cerman fcyer for ; Fro n)ftnt.,’l ■ f= • ..■ ; We cautious hpw wB indulgopo the vjrtupus ipdtgnatjoij..,'! 1 is the handsome bfothor of anger *rpi.hatred. A LETTER MOM GOV, REEDER ON THU Approaching , Election of president Ml IT and the Candidates, iiiw-Towt Cm, Beptembe* 18, 1848, n At EiUort of Thi 'Evening list , GrENtLEHEN j The letter.of your Torres, pendent H.,and your editorial comment*) ii|K>n it of ifie lßih inst., seem in dopimoa coiiriesy to demand a reply, Tburcorres. pdndent doespol.errin, sayingihotl’dbsiro iHeiuosess of the Republican par(y and (ho eleciion of theircandiilale, and that lam ready to, contribute any honorable efibrt.ld about.' This is nptthe result of any preference as to men, but in spile of it.'' With Colohbl Fremont I anti unacquainted. Ihava never-seen him,' nor had any-communication with him, direct brindirect, verbal nr written. On the other hand, my feelings of friendship and admiration for Mr. Buchanan, as a man, are of no ordinary character, aud strength, ened by years of friendly intimacy and recip. rocal acts of kindness, uniaterrapted to this time by a single misunderstanding or unpleas ant feeling; and I would at any time defend him promptly and indignantly against perso nal attacks upon his reputation. I believe him to be a man of distinguished ability, of high integrity and valuable experience. Ho is surrounded, too, in Pennsylvania by many political friends, whom personally I love and esteem, and to whom 1 am united by lies of long-cherished political and social intimacy, and the loss of whose friendship I should re gard as a great calamity. For more' than a quarter of a century ! have steadily labored I with the Democratic parly, and never doubted that I should do so during my life. For years I have exerted myself lo bring about Mr, Bii-- chanan’s nomination, in 1848 and 1892 ! was one of those who carried for him the delegates of our district, and was his zealoas and ardent - supporter. On each occasion [ was in the National Conventiod as one of his: delegates. -■ These lies are exceedingly strong and hard to sever, especially with one who is naturally of a conservative cast, and slow to change old habits of thought and action ; and I have resisted for months the convictions that were urging me to my present declaration. I have diligently sought reasons and arguments to save myself the pain of breaking up old asso ciations and alienating myself from my old friends, but all in vain. My love of country and haired of oppression would not allow my feelings and inclinations either to delude ray judgment or still my conscience, and 1 am compelled lo forfeit my self-respect by com mitting what I believe to be palpably wrong, or else enroll myself in opposition to the Democratic party. I see no reasonable hope of justice and sympathy for the people of Kansas in the success of the Democracy. In its ranks, and with the power lo control its action,-are I found the Border Ruffians of Missouri and their accomplices of the South, whodiavs trampled upon the Constitution and all the essential principles of our Government, robbed Kansas of its civil liberty sod rigbt of suffrage, laid waste its territory with fire and sword, and repudiated even civilization itself. in its platform I find the enunciation of RgfflTd'fjfWetfTdl KRSMfifflk'itfc laflMfamblfel right of petitioning Congress tor a Slate Gov ernment, or a redress of grievances- far worse than those which led to the war of the Revo lution, and a declaration stigmatizing as “ armed resistance In law” the moderate and justifiable seif-defenseof men shamefully and infamously oppressed by ruffian violence and outrage, beyond all human endurance. I find the whole party of the nation assem bled in National Convention, with but.one individual dissent, expressing ■ its 11 uoquali-: tied admiration” of an Administration which has lent itself as the tool and accomplice of all the wrongs inflicted upon Kansas and by its venality and imbecility brought the country to an intestine war. I 1 find all its Representatives in with three individual exceptions, laboring in', earnest ?eal, by speech and vole, to cover up the iniquities of this Administration and the Border Ruffians or Missouri, and to suppress a fair investigation of outrages which .shock both humfenity and republicanism, and defy the Constitution .and the laws.. I find l these same Representatives, afier the truth was eiicitcd in spite of their efforts, still refusing to relieve 1 the people from a code of laws imposed upon them by a foreign army, and still refusing to admit them into the Union, only for. reasons which, in the cases of nine existing Stales, had. beep, declared untenable and of no account. • . I find them disregarding a Free Constitu tion adopted in a legal, constitutional and time-sanctioned manner, (and which no man. can doubt tq have, reflected the. will of the,, people,) and supporting a Jaw to produce a . substitute,.which it is posy to show would hayq perpetuated in. itjo State Government, the.iisurpaiion, which had by force already, seized,upon the Government,of the Territory, ~} findjthcm refusing to make appropriations tlijtt ajtmy is to be used io qniorce a cpde qfjawa violative on their Oonsliiplion, enacted by a Legis. ialfire tn violation of the laws of .the United Stales,.and .imposed by, foreign Tdree upon i conquered and subjugated. American citizens,' I find, them, in a word ? steadily aiding by a(( their’ Congressional action do ■ make d Slave Stale in northern, latitudes, and that, too, againfi.the will pf its inhabitants. I find lha( <one. Member, who more than any olher stood but against the enslavement of, his yvhite fellpw-ciiizen.3, is refused a re nomination by .the Democratic parly of his district., -i . „Ifipd |n ihe canvass now going.on. that tfie whole lone of, thpir, party is in the. same direction., When the first startling in telligence of the mirages ip Kansas reached (he Stales, the editors .denounced the foul wrong in terms of fitting indignation. It was i'iil a spasmodic effort,,.however, and in de lerepce to fhe South and the prevailjnp.aenti "lent of, the, parly* they have dropped off, one after the r other, until now, so fat as I haye been able to ascertain, there is not a pewp vratic paper which dares..boldly to justify pod Intend the. party, and-denounce heir .invaders.. In, place of encouragement and sympathy.for their-ouli;aged i(: fellow.cj i /'■ns from, the. North,, therq.ia little else than if-i'rs.and ridmoje,for,Jtbpir oppressed and suT jbring condition—misrepresentation of their
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers