E'RICAN NBURY H. B. MASSEll, EDITOR AND PllOPMETOK. OFFICE, MARKET STREET, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE. Sl ifamfiy iinuspnpcv-Dcbotrti to JjoUtfcs, arternturc, XWoraUnj, jFortliin antt Domestic Sims, Science ana the as, glfltfculture, Haruets, amusements, set AM iM1aaaaaMagmJfrfcfc:-: jT--.-- :.: M TERMS OF THE AMERICAN. TWO DOLi AX ' PuM-hrd very Saturday at pJfc- o papar iluooutuiueU until all arrearage, are u offiea, to miur. attention, muu be I'OST 1'AlD. ' TO CLUES. Fifteen - . , Do 1" u,inAmds.wi" w for ,i,r" ?:;'"u,,i,of " ", a tim.., tv) H'lxequenl iunertiun. ln Squva, 3 moiitha, ' Bi month, On rear, Du.ine Ca.d. of Fiv. line., per annum, Motenant. and other., advertieiiis; hy the year, with the brivilege of inciting nnerent advcrti.ement. weekly. ty larger Adveru.ement., at per agreement. tioo as sou 6H) 800 aoo 1000 H. B. UtASSER, ATTORNEY AT LAW, suNBuair, pa. Business attended to in the Countica of Nor tliumlieiland, Union, Lycoming and Columbia. Uefer to i P. A A. Rovoutlt, "J Lower &. Barron, 1 Somer & Snodirrass. t Phittui. Reynolds, Mel arland &, Co., Spering, Good & Co., HENRY LONNEL, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Office opposite the Court House, Sunbury, Northumberland. Comity, Pa. Prompt attention to business in adjoining Counties. WM. M. ROCKEFELLER, ATTORNEY AT LAW $U.niUlY, PA. Dee. 13, 1851 tf. M. L- SHLNDEL, ATTCRITEY AT LATT, SUNBURY, PA. December 4, 1852. tf. CLINTON WELCH, ATTORNEY ATP LAW, LEWISBl'RG, FENNA. VlflLL practice in the several Courts of Union and Northumberland countica. Refeu to Hon. James Burnside, Bellcfunte. " James T. Hale, do. E. C. Humes & Co., do. Hon. A. S. Wilson, LewUtown. " A. Jordan, Sunlvirv. " Saml. Calvin, Hollidaysliurg LeurUburg, pril 30, IS53. tf. DOCTOR I. W. I1UG11KS, OFFICE on Broadway, near tlie Episcopal Church, Sunbury. Sunbury, May 14, 1653. tf. LAWRENCE HOUSE, SUNBURY, PA. T HE subscriber respectfully informs liis friends, and the public irencrally, that he has opened the "Lawrence House" and will do his best en deavora to please the public. SAMUEL THOMPSON. Sunbury Feh. 26, 1853 tf. SLAYMAKER & HASLETT. C o I u w to i n ?ti o u fl t Chratnnt Street below Tth, PHILADELPHIA. Board $1.50 per day. Phila., May 28. 1853. Dilworth, Branson 5 Co. Importer of & Dealers in Foreign and Domctilic HARDWARE, CUTLERY, &C Xu. 59 Market St., 1 ifoor 6fotc 2d St, PHILADELPHIA. Whera they always pbt on hand a large stoaf o every variety ot Hardware, L.uucry, o.c. VE Dilworth, Henry X). Lnndis, Samuel Bransrn, Janiea M. ancc. October 10, 185i.ly. BOOKSELLER, Market Street, SUNBURY, PA. J U8T received and for sale, a fresh aupply or r.YAXGFXIC.ik MUSIC er 6inging Schools. He it Uo opening at !, i time, a large assortment of Books, in every aranch of Literature, consisting of Poetry, History, Novels, Homances, Scientific Works Law, Medicine. School and Cbildrcu a Hooka 'Bibles; School, Pocket and Family, both with ad without Engravinga.-and every ot van V of Binding. Prayer Book., of all kinds. Also just received and for sale Purdon. L),. geat of the laws of Pennsylvania, edition of loot, urice only $6,00. ' Judge Reads edition of Bbckstone. Commen. tariea. in 3 vol.. 8 vo. formerly aold at J 10,00, ld now offered (in fie.h binding) at the low price of 86,00. , P K Treatiae on the law. of Pennsy Kama re .pe'cttng the estate, of Decedents, by Iho.na. F. Gordon, price only $4,00. Travel. Voyage, and Adventures, all ol which will be .old low, either for cash, or com. try produce. 'February, 21, 1S52 Mntual Insurance Company, u R. J. U. MAO."- --" - . aDOTe in.ui...-." -I- -j- ...., . f I mnninv. u n uhnuhi"' n;St-tiTe on, valor per.ona. pro and is at all iimva icnuj . perty, or renewing police, for the .ame. 'Vunburv, April 26, lg51.-tf. NOTICE, v..,i.n,l June 25. 1853. S . r.h Hank of Northumberland JZC r-Fiy'!!-' Lesialature oftliU Commonweal. . .w lroItar..rwia..hem.c.. andwu it. Dreaent title, location r order of the Board, J NO. TAG G ART, Prest. June 25, 1853. 6m. I7T l anill. Bean of . .upeiior quality I ju.t Reived and for M AftSER. " . . . ! a rrr PriVlt. lot., .'U"t rec' M . sKR. Anr.i i. ism. V nnF.I.LA8. Parasol, ana r . , i r. ,1- h Hunba SELECT POETltY. L0 RIGHT. Awi.ki, oh soul ! thy hmira are fleetinr;, Thy life is rapidly rompletiiia, Time with eternity is meeting, Soon comes the night ', Tliy reinlmlioii, tno, will crime, Accordinc lo thy doom Do right, do liyhl ! Thouuli clouils thy firmnment o'eispread, And tempfnts burst around Ihy head ; Thotieh life its ercenest foliuge sheil, In sorrow's bliuht ; And thonih lliy holy hnpes and fear, Lie buried 'nealli the Balherifig years, Dc; right, do right ! The warring clement worst wrath, The earthquake and the w hiilwiinls breath, The valley nnd the shade of death, Need not afTiiiilit ; Fur Duty's calm, commanding form, With raiiihmv nrms shall clasp the storm Do right, do right ! Faint not in all the weary strife, Th'insh every day with toil be life, NVoik is the element of life, Action is liuht ; For man is made to Inil and strive, And only those who labor, live : Do right, do right ! Life is nil a fleetina dream, A meteor flash, a rainbow glean), A bubble on the limiting slrenm, Soon lost to siaht ; Fur there's a work for every hour, In every prissinz wind a power Do light, do light ! Oh! life is full of solemn thnnahf, And noble deeds, if noble wimmbt; Wilh fearful consequences fraught I And there is niuht. feathered in each passing hour, That cives the soul ntiparthly power; Dj right, do tight ! THE GUERILLA CHIEF OF ERLAU The history of Hungary during the six teenth and seventeenth centuries is lik the diary of a lighthouse, filled with ac counts ol storms and devastation; on the one hand caused by the united wrath of two mighty elements; on the other, by the furious pasions of man, even more lasting and destructive in their effects than the most fearful hurricane. The Hungarian nation received from Providence the honorable, but very difficult mission Ihe defence ol the Christian reli gion against the fanaticism ol the East, and the preservation of civilization against the encroachments of the barbarians of the . North. In the long struggle for these, two ol the noblest pillarsol humanity, the Hungarians fully proved their vital power and their heroic descent; and, under circumstances of the greatest peril, showed themselves worthy of their gigantic task- The more uncertain the contest, the more eagerly the Hungarians rushed into it. They knew that they had often overthrown an enemy ten times as strong as themselves ; and they felt that the death ol a tree warrior was preferable to disgraceful submission. Thus they fought and fell, and shed their heart's blood on the bulwarks of civilization, whilst other nations enjoyed the fruits of : their hard toil. Their losses during the rrelancboly peri od were innumerable. Not a family in the land that had not to mourn one or more of its members as martyrs to liberty. There was no field, no mountain, no town, which had not witnessed a more or less bloody encounter. Every space was hal lowed by some glorious deed by some sorrowful event. Thus it is very natural, ' that in the otherwise cheerlul character of the people the memory of that gloomy time became indelibly impressed. Their national songs and sayings are saddened by , the chill breath of history, and in their , sweet melndis Ihe moans of the dying are closely mingled with the huzzas of the iclors. Had not their unshaken love lor I freedom strengthened their spirit and , cheered them after every defeat, they must i have succumbed at last under the over- j whelming strength of their enemies. i Vrwia rf tha mnnv pvils that hnir1! this country cut deeper into the national neing i of II mgary, none had so bad a reaction on ; the development ol its culture and industry, as the domination of the 1 urks. 1 he con querors treated the vanquished with ths greatest ferocity, plundered the land, and dragged the unfortunate inhabitants into lasting slavery. Hundreds of thousands perished thus in the distant East, and thou sands of villages disappeared entirely under the devastating footsteps ol these fanatic barbarians. To complete the misfortunes ol the peo ple, the Dukes of Austria came into pos session of the Hungarian throne, and, in stead of defending the country as Kings of Hungary, took advantage of every oppor tunity of oppressing it, and extorting the residue of its possessions so hardly saved from the Turks. Towards the middle ol the seventeenth century, (he Turks possessed more than the moiety of the realm : their dominion, how ever, was chiefly confined lo the ramparts of the foitresses in their power. Beyond these a very little belonged to them, and that little was continually disputed by the ever-watchful and ever-contending people, who, however badly armed, not "infre quently put to flight the best janissaries and sanhis of the Sultan. In the mountainous parts of the land, which particularly favored military under takings, a lasting guerilla wariare was Kept up. Ai it happens in such circumstances, manv thousand patriots who bad some nea vy loss or personal injury to avenge, had sworn eternal fued against their hereditary Th. principal town in the county of Hci-es in Hun- 3ry SUMIUUY. NOIM'IIU.M Ifje. They united into small bands or fra ternities, under the guidance of tome lioble, a id Iroin the mountains made sallies to at tack their oppressors, and even to surprise them in their fortresses, filling their hearts wi'h terror at the sight of their usually victorious standards. In such fraternities, the father brought up his son to be a warrior, and when rl ing delivered up to him his arms, which whilst living he never dared to put aside. The gallant deeds thus performed are even now celebrated by the people in ancient songs, one ol which in particular deserves to be mentioned in detail from its boldness, as well as its brilliant results. Among the fortresses that remained nearly a century in possession of the Turks, was the strong and important one of Erlau. It capitulated after a lengthened siege. But the Turks, as was their custom, broke their oath, putting the garrison to the sword after its evacuation. A small troop alone succeeded in cutting its way through the army of the enemy, and escaped to the wild Matra mountains. It soon formed one of the most daring and successful bands, embittering during three generations the dominion of the Mahometans in Erlau. At that time, when the crescent, over, thrown under the walls of Vienna, began to grow pale in Hungary, the chief of the Erlau guerillas was a young and fiery pa triot, named Llkem. He constantly har rassed the garrison of Halvan, Szolnok, and other places, capturing their convoys and defeating their troops. On one occasion he carried out a very successful expedition ; he unexpectedly fell upon, and seized a treasure convoy in Gyongyos, on its way from Erlau lo Duda, and cut down the whole escort. At the beginning of the engagement, as Lelkem attacked the Turks in the streets of the town, he heard a cry lor help Irom one ol the houses; he leaped off his horse, 1 pressed into the house, and there found a Turkish soldier ill-treating an Hungarian girl ; wilh a stroke of his flashing sword he split the coward's head, and liberated her from his grasp. Exhausted and subdued by terror, the girl lay senseless on the ground. Lelkem soon restored her to con sciousness ; idle was the very typed Hun garian beauty, with black eyes and hair the charming expression of her lace height ened by a gleam of gratitude. To the young ninn she seemed the fairest of all the maidens he had ever beheld. The girl, too, on recovering, found her deliverer just as she in her lively fancy had painted a true Hungarian hero - tall, stately, with spark ling eyes, the terror of the enemy and the "'" n(l a,lj " tiling protector ol the helpless am' ll"haPP.v In Hungary love soon takes root, in a rapid and marvellous creating with growth. The young man remained hut a short time with the maiden, still it sufliced to (ill their hearts with a feeling not easily to be effaced. Lelkem left the girl, whose name was Irmn, with a promise of s on re turning, but that promise was more easily made than fulfilled, for scarcely had the news of the loss of the costly convoy reach ed Erlau, than Ihe infuriated Pasha sent a strong garrison to Gyongyos, and ordered a hot pursuit after the bold Guerilla Chief; so that Lelkem, for a time, had no favora ble opportunity of quitting his inaccessible 1"'"' Vac'' As a punishment for the loss of Ihe con voy, a heavy contribution was levied on the town of Gyongyos, and at the same time, to insult the inhabitants in their most sacred feelings, the Pasha commanded Ihe delivery of twelve of their most beautiful daughters for the harem ol the Pasha of Buda. The consternation and the wrath of the poor towns-people at this twofold outrage knew no bounds; hut, conscious ol their weakness, they submitted to the sentence, anil as neither entreaties nor promises could soften the inflexible Turkish commander, presented their girls for selec tion to the officer sent for that purpose from Erlau. Amongst the number chosen was the unhappy Irma. Lelkem speedily received this dreadful intelligence. With the quickness of thought be determined to prevent the maid ens from being carried off; but at the first moment he was quite at a loss to devise a plan likely to prove successful against the "J" f""" muU of lh,s dilemma he was interrupted by the arrival of a messenger from his un cle, the Superior of a Monastery of Car melites in that neighborhood, summoning the chief to an immediate conference, which Lelkem did not delay attending to, knowing his uncle, who had already often assisted him with good advice during his expeditions, to be a wise and patriotic man. He found him in great trouble as to the fate of the unlortunate town. The monk conjured Lelkem, by his Christian faith and his love for his country, now to prove what enthusiasm the Hungarian was capa ble of, in defending his rights and his coun trywomen. He then proposed to him to go to the town dressed as a monk, and there to ngree upon a scheme with the in habitants. Ihe first part of this proposal was easily affected, as a few hours before Dulo, the father ot Irma, had sent to the monastery lor a priest to pray by his daugh ter, who was then dangerously ill. Lel kem was at first quite overcome at this sad inlormation, but, commanding his feelings, he declared his readiness to comply with the wish of his uncle. He hastily put on a cowl, and left the monastery, mounted upon a mule. He had the good fortune to pass the Turkish outposts unremarked, and arrived, at the dusk of the evening, accom panied by Dulo's messenger, in Gyongyos. With the capuchin drawn over his head Lelkem entered irmas room, she was much changed during the lew weeks that had elapsed since he saw her. She was so exhausted that the pretended monk had to Gyongyos. a town at th. foot of tba Matra mountain., oontaiums 1iam inhabitants. . -. ' ' -i-an . ...i3 trniMiii - i-miir V , ' - II Kill. AN I) COUNTY. PA., SATURDAY, AUGUST 13, I 813 - bend over her to catch her whispered word. He could not long carry on his dinguise, and exclaimed, with all the fervor of his heart, "I am not a monk, Irma, but thy warrior, and am come to cure and save thee ; for as long as I live, thou shall not fall intothe power of the infidels!" At the sound of that voice, the tone ot which she had not forgotten, the girl thought she dreamt; but again looking into his truth ful, manly face, she saw that all was a hap py reality, and she seemed to live anew. The Guerilla Chief disclosed his secret and his intention also to her father, who, cheered by his presence, instantly stole away to others of his tried and brave neighbors, inviting them to meet at his house. The men all came. As it was supposed that the escort, with the tribute of the town, on proceeding to Buda, would most probably halt for a night at Ihe for tress of Hatvan, half-way betwepn Gyong yos and Buda, at the proposal of Lelkem a daring plan was projected and resolved upon. Two days later, an order came to deliver up the tribute of money am) of women. The Mayor obtained, by presents, the per mission of the commander that the maidens should remain veiled during the journey, and should not unveil until in the presence of the Pasha of Buda. All happened as they wished ; at the moment of their de parture, they were taken in closed litters from their dwellings, and left Gyongyos under strong escort, accompanied by the fervent prayers of the populace for their safely. As they proceeded very slowly, they reached Hatvan late in the evening, whereupon the Aga resolved not to go any further that night. The accommodation for the unusual guests was soon prepared. The commander of the fortress attempted once to pay a visit of ceremony to the maidens ; but the matron tinder whose care they were, an energetic Hungarian wo man, remained inflexible, and alter a short contest, rescued them Irom the presence of a very unwelcome visitor. After midnight, when all was quiet, the sentinel at the door of the house where the maidens rested, had he been more vigilant, might have heard the opening of a win dow above his head, and seen a human form cautiously commence descending. The sentinel, however, dreaming perhaps of Mohammed's paradise, remarked neither the slight noise, nor the approaching figure, which, by degrees, glided dovn the high wall, till it stood like a menacing shadow behind him. Here a heavy fall was heard, followed by a dull groan, sounding as if it came Irom out the earth ; then all became quiet as before. The sentinel was no long er lo be dreaded, and from the window eleven other forms descended, not one of them looking like gentle maidens; in that of the first, who killed the guard, the Gue rilla Chief was easily recognized. He gave his commands hastily and in a suppressed voice; and, alter leaving two men at the door of the house, vanished with the rest into the dark and deserted street, leading to the east-gate. There they surprised the small guard with equal ability, and cut them down before they could even think of resistance. But in spite ot the quick and cautious proceeding of the Hungarians, they could not execute their plan without detection The gun of the Turk was dis charged, and the alarm-drum soon re-echoed from every quarter of the place. No time was now to be lost ; the gate was forced open with all speed, the draw bridge let down, and Lelkem gave a shrill whistle, and on its being repeated at a dis tance from the walls, in a short time a band ol 150 brave men rushed 'hrough the open gate intothp lortress ; Lelkem placing him self at their head, led them to a decisive attack on the barracks, where the Turks, roused by the increasing alarm, might, if they had rallied, with their overwhelming numbers, have become more and more for .... i. , midahle. in me marKet-piace, wnere me dwelling of the commander and the bar racks stood, the Hungarians met the mass the garrison. Lelkem's irresistable charge, and the death ol the Pasha, who II at the beginning of the engagement, ... m i A soon discouraged tne i urns, and aner a short and bloody massacre, the soldiers sur rendered to the mercy of the victorious Hungarians. The garrison still numbered six hundred men, who were greatly surpri sed to find thrt, instead of an army, they were conouered by a small band. It will be easily surmised, that instead of the sup posed maidens Lelkem and eleven of his men, difguised in female attire, formed the party so carefully escorted to the fortress, which enabled them to accomplish their hazardous undertaking. At the news of the fall of Hatvan the greater part of the inhabitants of Gyongyos fled to this stronghold, to seek shelter against the vengeance of the Turks, and they were determined, in case of a serious attack, to die under the ruins ot its walls. Amongst the arrivals were Irma and her father. Lelkem, now commander of a for tress, the fruit ol his bold enterprise, cele brated his marriage with his beloved Jrma, who was accompanied to the alter by her eleven beautilul companions so gallantly rescued by the bridegroom. The strong site of Hatvan in the bogs ol the Ragyva river, and still more the events that led lo the recapture of Buda, by the imperial forces, left the Guerilla Chief of Erlau in the undisturbed possession of his fortress, and of his well deserved happiness. Am Ox that Gives Milk Mr. James Thorn, of Clinton, has an ox that gives milk freely. He has a bag with (our teats, each one of which yields milk like that of the cow. The bag is divided into four sections, but unlike the cow's it has no udder. Each quarter of Ihe bag has cavity which sup, plies ill tent, independent of the others. When milked oul, it it readily supplied tgain, like that of tbe cow. Pougaipi THE CRYSTAL PALACE EXHIBITION. On the 16th, nil., the exhibition wasopened to ihe public, and was vixiled throughout Ihe day by about 7,000 ladies and gentlemen, besides the exhibitors and those holding ft eon tickets, and the receipta amounted to 83,639 60. Workmen are still busily em ployed In different parts of the atructure, particularly in the Medicine Arcade, which is, at present, only about half finished. About one-third of the exhibition stalls have been arranged, and it is thought that the ex hibition will not be complete in all its parts for about two weeks more. The total amount of space on tbe floor oc cupied by different countries for exhibition, exclusive of the naves, is about 152,000 square feet, of which 04,102 is on the ground floor, 59,000 is in the gallery. This space is diviJed as follows: Ground Floor, England 10,570 Gallory. 7,081 8,970 8,053 7S 739 1,316 Switzerland . . Z llveiein Holland and Belgium Austria Denmark, Sweden and Norway RuHie, Vc. British Guiana and Watt ludiea British Colomea ... 1,459 fl.lM a,ste 1,459 1,918 720 1,003 8,309 3,4ii9 The total amount of space occupied by foreign countries is 98,749 square feet. The United Slates contributions occupy 34,585 square feet on the ground floor, and 19,945 square feet in the gallery. The total number of exhibitors from abtoad are 2,605, of whom England sends 677; France 521; Switzerland 116; Zollverein 813; Holland and Belgium 155; Austria 100; Italy 185: Sweden and Norway 18; West Indies 3; Prince Edward's Island 18; Nova Seotia 2. This list will be some what larger, from Ihe fuel that the local committees of Canada have not yet sent in their list of contributors, and it does not include quite a number from Biiiish Guiana. A small number of Tin kish and other contributors are also to be added, making the sum total of foreign exhibitors not fur from 2,700. In ihe United States department the num ber of exhibitors is 1,178, and applications have been received since the 1st of March, amolifting lo over 400, which have not been acfed on for want of space. The total num ber of exhibitors, both foreign and American, is 4,383. DESCRIPTION OF THS CRYSTAL PALACE. From the official publications of the Asso ciation we compile a desciiption of the Ciyslal Palace. Reservoir square, on which it is erected, lies at the northern extremity of the city, west of ihe Cretan distributing reservoir, aid between that vast erection and Sixth avenue. The Sixth avenue rail road tuns directly past it; the Forth avenue railroad runs near it ; and it lies immediately in the vicinity of the Fourth, Ffth, and Sixth avenues the main thorougfares of that part of the city. The main features of the building are as follows: It is, with the exception of the floor, entirely constructed of iron and glass. The general idea of the edifice is a Greek croi, surmounted by a dome at the intersec tion. Each diameter of the cross will be 305 feet 5 inches long. There are three similar entrances; one on the Sixth avenue, one on the Fortieth, and one on Forty-Second street. Each entranco is 47 feet w ide, and lhat on the Sixth avenue is approached by a flight of eight aleps; over each front is a large semi-circular fan-light, 41 feet wide and 21 feet hi"h, answerii c to the arch of the nave. Each arm of the cross is on the ground plan 143 feel broad. This is divided into a central nave and two aisles, one on each side the nave 41 feel wide, each aisle 54 feet wide. The central portion or nave is carried up to the height of 67 feet, and the senn-circu lar aich by which it is spanned is 41 feet broad. Theie aie thus in effect two arched naves crossing each other at right angles, 41 feet bioad, 67 feet high to the crown of the arch and 365 feet long ; and on each side of these naves is an aisle 54 feet broad, and 45 feet biuh. The exterior of the ridgeway of the nave is 71 feet. Each aisle is covered bv a gallery of its own widih, and 24 feet fiom the floor. The central dome is 100 fact in diameter, 68 feet inside from the floor lo the spring of the arch, and 118 feet lo the crown ; and on ihe outside, with the lantern, 140 feel. The exterior angles of the building are ingeniously filled tip with a triangular lean-to 24 feet high, which give the ground plan an actagonal shape, each side or face beine 149 feet wide. At each angle is an octagonal tower 8 feet in dinme ler, and 75 feet high. Ten large, and eight winding stair-rases connect Ihe piincipal floor with the gallery, which opens on the three balconies lhat are situated over the entrance halls, and afford ample space for flower decorations, statues, vases, 8:e. The ten principal staircaea consist of two flights of steps with two land ing places In each and eight winding stair, cases aie placed in the octagonal towers, which lead also to small balconies on ihe tops of the towers and to the roof of Ihe building. The building eontains on the ground floor 111,000 square feet of space, and in Itt gal leries. which are 54 feet wide, 62,000 souare feet mote, making a total area of 173,000 square feet for Ihe purpose of exhibition. There are thus on the ground flor two teres and a half, or exactly 3 52-100; in the gal. leriet one acre and 44 100; total, within an inconsiderable fraction, four tores. There are on Ihe ground floor 190 oolagO' nal cast iron columns, 21 feet above the floor, and 8 inohes ihes in diameter, err hollow, of tbieknesses, from half an Inch to Thee columns reo -ive the cat Th... ... OAl faat Inner nrl diffeient one inch iron ciders. These are 261 feet loner and 3 feet biah, and serve to sus'ain the gallerira and wrouaht iron construction of the roof, at well n to brace the whole structure in every direction. The number of lower floor Bir der is 252, besides 12 wroueht iron girders of the same height, and 41 feet span, over a part of the nave. The second story contains 148 columns, of the same shape as those below, end 17 feet 7 inches high. These receive another tier of girdere numbering 160, for the support of the roofs of the aisles, each nave being cov ered by 16 cast Iron semi-ciicular arches, each composed of 4 pieces. The dome is supported by twenty-four colnmn, which go up above the second story to the height of 62 feet above the floor, nnd support a combination of wrought iron arches and girders, on which rest a cast iron bed plate, so constructed as to receive the 32 ribs of the dome. Theli2ht is communi cated to the dome through the lantern, as well as from the sides, on which 32 escutch eons, or colored glass, representing the arms of the Union and its several States, or the emblems of the different nations, form a part of the decoration. The building is supplied with gas and water in every part. The gas is designed for the use of the police, in protecting the property by night, is so arranged that, should it be deemed expedient to open the building in the evening, there will be ample liaht. The water is accessible at numerous points, with convenience for drinking, also for the attachment of hose, in case of fire. The general mode of erection by base pieces, columns, connecting pieces and gir ders, is the same with that of the great Hyde Park building, but the construction of the arched nave and of the dome is of course entirely peculiar, and the general effect of the building is completely different. There wero 2,6R5 persons admitted to the exh bition or. Tuesday on pay tickets, and 1,800 on season ticket. It is said that S35,- 000 worth of season tickets have been sold, and lhat the receipts so fur have averaged SI, 500 per day. The Evening Post urges 'hat the exhibition be opened on Sunday afternoons, in order to attnek the crowds from Ihe drinking soloons and gambling houses in the vicinity; but the siigtreslion will hardly be adopted. The Tribune says : The Crystal Palace is resonant with the hum of industry ; it is putting on its exhibi tion dress by degrees Theie is, however, a great deal to see, and as it will bear many visits, persons will be safe in attending now. Enough is shown already to prove that, al though the United Slates male, artistically, a poor figure at ihe Loudon Exposition, at this one they will do themselves credit. The Italian Department has yet much to do to put it in proper order. Many cases, however, will be opened for it in a few days. The Dutch Depaitmenl alo iequir.es ariage- ment to present it lo the public As for Ihe French, it is so far from full that we shall not allempt lopiophecy its splendor though some articles, especially the magnificent Porcelains, now make a libeial display, Theie are also a number of fine Pianos in lhat department. The British Di'parment has a good deal exposed, but any quantity of things almost yet to be set forth. The sil verware of this department is beyond all praUe. Among other things is the prize' work which obtained 200 from ihe Gold smith's Company, Loudon. The American Department has already some splendid con tributions in carvings especia'ly, buffets, and sideboards lhat are as ponderous as beautiful So, too, various compartments devoted to wearing apparel fancy nnd useful c!othes: hals, boots, &c, meiit all praie. The attendance was not so large on Weil nesday, and among tne visitors were not many ladies. The whole number ol tickets issued was 3,009; the admissions on season tickets were 1,200 ; and the cash received for tickets was 11,479. The contributions to the Washington monument, during the day, reached S58 69, making a total of $281 90 sinc.o the opening. The Times says: The attendance seemed to be mainly of persons ot the country, hesiueuls ol ihe city, except those who have season tickets, are almost universally deferring their viiiln until the exhibition shall bo completed The work advancer! rapidly In every part of tbe building. A large number of boxes, Lo , were admitted and opened during the day. Among the additions lo the aniclea on exhi bition, we noticed in Ihe department of the Netherlands, a very beautiful line engraving from a portrait ol bis Majesty the King of tbe Netherlands. We understand that the disp'ay of machi- nery, especially in the American department promises to lie exceedingly interesting. Quite a number of machines have already been introduced in the main body of the building including several English cotton spinners, and other specimens of English maeb'nery. A working model of Wilkin son's new press, in which newspapers are printed from a continuous roll, and by which he expeclt to print 25,000 or 30,000 copies in an hour, wilt be exhibited. The following ships, which have arrived since our last nclice of the value of goods re ceived from foreign ports, brought invoices of goods for the Crystal Palace to the amount stated : Hendrik Hudson, (second invoine,) ?, 801; Sir Robert Peel, (clained glaa, the OUT) BF.H1E8 VOL. 13, NO. 47, destruction of w hich we noticed yesterday ) 130; Enrnpn, sleamer, (silver ware, 4 . 475; Liverpool, 979; Sarah, 400 Ann fiA n r - ' . ' I 34 ; Queen of the West, S52 : Florida, lfl0 DEPRAVED STATE OF COttETT X AVM- THALIA. Melbourne, Australia, Fb. 20. 18C3. This is not the place it is renresemed t be The climate weather being so changeable. Society it very low, and it is impossible for any person to venture out of doors after dark. with a party of Ihree of four, on account of the great number of English convicts from Van Dieman's Land, who infest ihe dace. They number about five hundred, and meet ing you in tbe s reel, present a pistol to your breast, order you to hold your hands up over your head, and then rob you. This is what they call "sticking you." A gentleman boarding in the same house wilh me, about four o'clock the other afternoon, was robbed of eighteen pounds, and then tied to a tree, where be remained until assistance was giv en him. This practise extends also lo the diggings. If a bushman, who is generally mounted, perceives a man coming along the road with a better horse than bis, he compels him to dismount and exchange horses, and in case of non-compliance, he makes nothing of shooting him. In going to Forest Creek, Campbell's Creek, Beudigo and Golden diggings, you pass through w hat is called Black Forest, dense and thick wood, about Iwelro mil, in ength. The other day, while four of us were passing through ibis forest, we found ihirty-five who had been stuck up, and one poor fellow, who unfortunately had but thir teen shillings and six-pence, was lied to a tree, and his body filled wilh shot, whicb ihey had fired at him, 1 suppose, because ho had no more. He was released a short time after, and is now in a fair way for recovery. They also stuck up a young lady within sight ol her father s house. This was never done here before, and accord ingly jou may iiidgei of tho state of society. The much-boaated of police will often turn away and make no atlempt to stop such occurrences. Hill and hollow, gully and stream, seem at if theie had beon a mighty convulsion of the earth, which had turned cverv thin? upside down, and this for full thirty miles. The'e aro a great number of holes, which aie Irom seven lo thirty feet deep, and for a long way the ground is undermined. You think you have found a solid plot of ground, and after you have dug 8 or 10 feet, the chances are that the whole fabric will give way and drop into some undermined way. At Ballorvat three men have taken oul one nugget of gold weighing 136 pounds, and another of 45 pounds. Since that they have also found a nugget weighing 164 pounds Correspondence Newark Advertiser. Ct'RfOSITtES) OF THE LOCOMOTIVE. Our first class narinw gnage engines weigh empty, 44,000 lbs., and are worth 16 centB per pound. They will consume one cord of wood and 1200 gallons of water per hour, and will generate 275,000 cubic feel of steam per hour, of a pressure equal lo that of thai almosphere. Their heating surfaces is of the extent cf the bottom of a boiler 34 feet in diameter. The strain upon the iron of the shell of boiler, to burst it open length' wise of the boiler, is from 6500 to It 500 lbs. per squaie inch under ordinary pressuies. There is also an additional strain of abouj 4000 lbs. per square inch exerted lengthwiso of the boiler to pull it apart crosswise. The whole pressure exeiled against all the inter nal surlaces of the boiler, amount to 20 mil. linns of pounds or 10,000 tons ! The usual distance travelled by the locomotive being in motion but about one eighth of the time, is equal to once around the globe every year. In going 60 miles an hour, 88 feet are traversed per second. Five revolutions of the driving wheels are made, requiring 20 klroke. of ihe piston, und 20 intermediate periods of action of the valve, equut to the division of a second into 40 pans. THE BEfUNSlNG OF I tt.Fl L ME. The late Samuel Appleton, of Boston, one of the most eminent and wealthy meirhanis) of that city, was, sixty yeais ago, a countiy school teacher, at New Ipsw ich, from whu h place he went fonh wilh a ceitillcate from Ihe pastor of Ihe village, that he wan 'a person who supported a good mmi;l char acter, and was possessed of nbiiuiis siiITi cient lo instruct a school in rending, wilting, orthography, Euj:li.-h g ainmer, and arith- meliu " At lh ceiiieiinl.il celcPralion 01 the settlement o' New Ipswich, in 1850, Mr. Appleton sent 5,000 lo the literary n.stttu- lions ol iew nainpsnire, mo nvausmj Ipswich in particular, to enable that institu tion to assume its burner standing, and ex tend itt future usefulness. Mr. Appleton was worth one million of dollars. By his will he leave to bis widow specific bequest! amounting in valiie to $200,. 000,. He maket 42 oilier bequests lo ne pbews and nieces and others, amounting i all lo $320,000 mote ; among w hich may be mentioned 5,000 "to his friend and pastor, Rev. Ephraim Feabody," and $5,009 to the servants living in his family at his decease, lo be distributed among them in the rotnner and tccording to proportion, to be fixed upon by bit widow, lie then bequeaths to hit executort manufacturing slocks of the value of $200,000, to be by them distributed for scientific, literary, religious, or charitable purpo.es. The retJJue he also bequtbt to his relatives.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers