THE SCRANTON TRIBUNE-WEDNiD AY, MAY 23, 1900. 5 HOW PRESIDENTS WERE NOMINATED PRESENTATION OF CANDI DATES IN rillST ELECTIONS. Congrosalonal and Stato Legislative Caucusos Proccdod National Con-vontions-Tlio -'Great Bovolt" Against tho Formor in 1824-Fa-vorito Sons Rocommonded by Cau cuses of Stato Legislatures and Mass Mootlngs. Frnk J. warnc In Philadelphia Ledger. Tho coming national convention of the Republican party, to bo held In this city In June, will ho tho twelfth In tho history of that purty. The first was held In this city, June 1, 1858. John C. Fremont, of California, and William L. Dayton, of New Jersey, were nominated for president and vice president, respectively. The first national convention of any political party In the United States was held In this city In September, 1830, by tho antl-Masonp. There were present nlnety-slx delegates, repre senting ten of tho twentv-four states then In the Union. Without making nominations, tho body called a second convention, to meet In ltaltlmorc In September of the year following. At this convention William Wlrt.of Mary land, was nominated for tncsldciit, and Amos nilmakor of Pennsylvania, for Moe-presldent. The lnltlntle was followed by the national republican party, which also met in Baltimore In j)ccembcr of the same year Its nomi nees were Henry Clay, of Kentucky, for president, and John Seigeant, of Pennsylvania, for vice-president. A national comentlon of young Repub licans. In Washington In May of tho year following, endorsed tho nomina tion of Clay. It also passed a set of resolutions the first platform of prin ciples adopted by any national con vention. Baltlmoie was .also the place of holding the first national Democrat ic convention. It mot in May, 1S32, concurred in the repeated nominations of Andrew Jackson, of Tenne&se, for re-election to the presidency, and nominated Mai tin Van Huron, of New York, for tho vice-presidency. NO NOMINATIONS IN FIRST POUR ELECTION'S. Prior to the election of 1S32, with the exception of tho first four elections, presidential candidates were presented by congressional caucus and bv cau cuses of state legislatures. In the first election, that of 1TS9, there were no formal nominations, in fact no nomi nating machinery was In operation until the election of 1S0J. Political parties as we now know them had not come Into existence at the time of tho first election, and what parties differ ence of opinion had given rise to were agreed upon, making George Washing ton, of Virginia, the chief executive of the new government. His services to ..he countiy In the hour of Its greatest need had been so conspicuous that theie was a general understanding he was to be Its first president. He re ceived etry electoral vote cast, being tho only president In our history to be so honored. Washington and Adams were re-elected In 1792 without formal nomination, Washington again receiv ing every electoral vote cast. Washington's refusal .to serve a third term marks conspicuously tho working of thrse forces which gave to us nomi nating machineiy. Ho was the only statesman who could be unanimously elected to tho high office of president, an 1 when he was no longer to be con sidered for that poiition the leaders at once became diided in choosing Ms successor. In tho election of 1796 thw elfftors voted for thirteen men no distinction being made at that time in the votes cast for president and thosi? for vice-president the five highest be ing Adams with 71 otcs. Thomas Jef ftison CS, Thomas Plncknov 59. Aaron Burr SO and Samuel Adams 15. This resulted In the election of John Adims, n Federalist, for president, and Jeffer son, a Republican, for vice-president. Such a state of affairs is Impossible now through an amendment to the constitution. THE RISE OF PARTIES. Since Washington's first term two political parties had been forming along well tleflned, but opposing prin ciples of government. Tho first im petus to the formation of these parties grew out of the quarrel between Ham ilton and Jeffeison, both members of Washington's cabinet, the former as secretary ot the treasury and the lat ter as secretary of state. Ry the election of 1S00 these parties were con testing with each other for control of the government through the election of one of their number as president. Each party soon found necessary some means for settling disputes among themselves as to tho presidential can didate. In the Federalist party there was a strong element opposed to the re-election of Adams, To overcome this oposltion a secret meeting of the party leaders, who were usually mem bers of congress, was held at the capl tol. No formal nominations were made. In the same year the Republi cans In the senate and house also found party conditions such as to ne cessitate a conference of the leaders, the conditions being opposition to Aaron Burr for a Ice-president. The Republicans were united on Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, for the picsl dency. THE CAUCUS SYSTEM. These secret meetings In 1800 paved the way for the Introduction of the caucus system of nominating candi dates for president and vice-president. The caucus was as old as the charters of many of the original thirteen states. "It was through the agency of cau cuses," says Professor John Bach Mc Master, in his history of the people of the United States, "that the revolu tion was begun, that the first congress was assembled, that independence was declared, that the confederation was formed, that war was carried on, that the way was made ready for the fram ing of the constitution. And it was by the caucus that Hamilton sought to defeat Adnms." In writing on the caucus system of nominating candi dates tho same writer says: "In many of the states the custom of se lecting the party candidates In a cau cus of the party members of the legls lature was not unknown. But not till 1804 was tho custom formally applied to tho selection of candidates for fed eral offices. In that year a few of tho Republican senators and representa tives at Washington called a caucus? to meet on the 25th of February in the capltol." This caucus wis praldd over by Stephen R. Bradley, of Ver mont, and was held more for the pur pose of deciding upon a candidate for vice-president than for president, us Burr's notion in contesting with Jef ferson for tho presidency when the election was thrown Into tho house the previous election had placed him In disfavor with a large majority of his party. Jefferson was nominated for re-election by acclamation. Oeorge Clinton, of New York, was selected by ballot as the party's candidate for vice-president. The conduct of tho election was given over to a commit tee of one from each state. Opposed to Jefferson and Clinton, the Federal ists supported Charles C. Plnckney, of South Carolina, and Rufus King, of New York, though they were not form ally nominated. James Madison, of Virginia, was formally nominated In 180S, and unani mously renominated In 1812 by tho con gressional caucus of Republicans, held In Washington. His running mate for vice president In 1S0S wns Geoige Clin ton, of Now York .and In 1812 El brldge Geny, of Massachusetts, both of whom were formally nominated In caucus. In 1810 James Monroe, of Virginia, wns nominated by the caucus for president, and Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York, for vlce-piesldcnt. In 1820 tho Republicans moile no formal nominations In caucus, the party being almost a unit In favor of the re-election HON. W. J. "' -" " WWPWW W I P ! Ill This is a new portrait of the Honorable V J. Samford, of Opelika, who will head tho Demo"ratlc state ticket In Alabama. The conven'lon when the nominaMon was made was most harmonious and .Mr. Samford's election is predicted b all the Democratic IcaJers. of Monroe, as Is shown by the electoral vote, all but 1 of tho 232 votes being cast for him for president. Tho one was cast for John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts, by one of tho New Hampshire idectors, who gave as his reason that he wished Washington to bo the only preldent to recele an unanimous election. During thesd years no formal nominations were made by tho Federalists. After tho war of 1S12 this party lost much of its In fluence. REVOLT AGAINST CONGRESSION AL CAUCUS. In 1824 occurred tho "great revolt" In the Republican party, or rather In the Democratic party, as the party of Jefferson was now called, against the caucus system. It had never found favor with the Federalists, and had always been more or less opposed by some of tho Republicans. Because of this opposition only elghty-nlno of tho 139 Republican members of tho sena'e and houso attended the caucus of 180S. In that of 1812 out of 133 entitled to be present fifty absented themselves for one cause or another. The principal objection to the system was that it was unconstitutional, thoe apposing It claiming that the constitution made It plain that the president was to fa chosen bj' electors selected as the legislatures of each state determined. For a caucus to dictate to these elec tors whom they should vote for was an usurpation of power. Those favor lng the caucus claimed that the system was adopted out of necessity, "from a deep conviction of the importance of union to the Republicans throughout all parts of the United States in the present crisis of both our external and Internal affairs, and as belnrr tho most practicaoio mode of consulting and re- opeciing me interests ana wisnes or all upon a subject so truly Inteiestlng to the whole people of tho United States." In making the recommenda tion for president and vice president, they said, the members of the caucus acted only In their individual char acters as citizens. By 1S1C popular feeling against "congressional dicta tion" wns shown in numerous meet- I ..it,.-! in uiui'iciii ixiris oi mo country iiiuii-.-imig against tne caucus. STATE LEGISLATURES PRESENT CANDIDATES. One form In which this opposition to the congressional caucus manifest ed Itself was the state legislative cau cus, which bean to be held In some of the states as early as 1803. These caucuses were called before tho con gressional caucus, and they usually expressed preference for certain men practically nn Instruction to their representatives as to whom they should support for president in the con gressional caucus. About 1818 tho con vention method of nomination began to supersede the caucus system, amon the first state conventions being thos held In Pennsylvania In that year by the Republicans (Democrats) and Fed eralists, the former at Harrisburg und the latter at Carlisle. The election of 1824 marks the end of "King Caucus." By this time the presentation of "favorite sons" by cau cuses of state legislatures and In meetings and conventions of various kinds had become quite general, Hen ry Clay, of Kentucky, was nominated for president by the legislatures of Kentucky, Missouri, Illinois, Ohio and Louisiana. Andrew Jackson, of Ten nessee, was presented by the General assembly of that stato and by conven tions and mass meetings of various kinds In different parts of the coun try Jackson was nominated by ac clamation In the Pennsylvania Re publican (Democratic) convention at Harrisburg li March. The candi dacy oi John Quincy Adams, of Mas sachusetts, was endorsed by the legislatures ot Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire nnd Connecticut. The name of John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, was submitted by the legislature of his own state and that of W. II. Crawford, of Geor gia, by the legislatures of Vir ginia and Georgia. The candidacy of DeWItt Clinton, of New York, was wupported in county conventions and mass meetings in Ohio nnd other states. THE DEATH OF "KINO CAUCUS." All these nominations showed the general dislike to the congressional caucus. Despite this, however, and the warnings of many leaders ot the Republican (Democratic) party, the friends of Crawford had a call Issued for a congressional caucus "to recom mend candidates to tho people of tho United States for tho ofTlces of presi dent and vlco president of tho United States." This call was signed by six Senators and five representatives from eleven states. After taking a census of tho members on the subject a card was published, signed by twenty-four senators and representatives from fif teen states, In which It was claimed that out of the 101 senators and repre sentatives, 181 deemed It Inexpedient to hold a caucus. Nevertheless, the caucus wan held, and was attended by sKty-six m nbe a re present! nr si- I ?i 1PJ. m.w . i.V."n.-- i r.."a ',r': :','... J".,:" tho union, a large majority of thoso present being from New York, Vir ginia, No.'th Carolina and Georgia. The nomination wns made by ballot, Crawford receiving 61 votes, Adams 2, Jackson 1 and Nathaniel Macon 1. SAMFORD. For vice pr.-sldent Albeit Gallatin, of Pennsylvania, lecoived 57 votes, Erastus Root, of New York, 2, and s. veil others 1 each. The caucus was made an Issue In the campaign. Crawford, Its nominee. barelV miSSed hplnir the InWeSt Of the 1 four candidates voted for by the elect- ors, and he succeeded by only four votes In being ono of the candidates when tho election came up In the House. The electoral vote was Jack son 99. Adams 84, Crawford 41 and Clay 37. No candidate received a ma jority of the votes cast, and the elec tion was thus thrown Into the Houses of Repiesentatives. Tho result was Adams's election, due principally to the support of Clay. The eleetoial vote had made Calhoun vice president by a large majority. STATE CONVENTIONS PRECEDE NATIONAL. The election of 1821 saw the last of tho Congressional caucus for nominat In candidates for president and vice president. At first this system regis tered tho real will of the people, but In Its later life it attempted, and suc cessfully, too, at times, to dictate the mni'l'at" to the people. Th's was the cause of Its downfall. In the elec tion of 1S2S tho candidates, Jackson and Calhoun and Adams and Rush, were placed before tho people by caucusen of State Legislature and by county and stato conventions and by meetings of various kinds held In nearly every state In the union. All but two of the states, Delaware and South Carolina, now selected their presidential electors through meetings of the people Instead of appointment by the legislatures. The congressional caucus had been overthrown for all time, and It was not long afterwards when the state legls lathe caucus had to go the same way. The people were beginning to take tho selection of electors and the choosing of a president and vice president Into their own hands through these mass meetings nnd state conventions, for which latter regularly chosen dele- gates became the custom, it wa hut a step from stato to national conven tions of the political parties, and in the election of 1S32 wo find tho latter adopted as the medium of presenting candidates. With very few exceptions since then it his been the political organ for registering the choice of the parties for president and vice-president. The Roundabout Way. "You hse thif brothers, ncn't jou?' he Inquired. "Vf," hc an-wtnd. "Why?" "Oh, I as Just woiidtrltiR i( jou would like to make me a fourth." "I'm try sorry," she replied, "hut I will be wife to jou." Philadelphia North American. The Man with the Hoe. Till'. OTHKK SIDK. I.o, here I tand, the tndepmdent man, The first o( men, who )on, when Time was ounjr, Py strength rf arm, from Nature's niggard Krasp, And necdlul things lor those who looked to me, And donn the laggiug ages subtle brains lle multiplied Imrntions numberless, IM1 and good, hut none to supersede lly trmtj hoe. While thrones hae risen and gone To darknes, It shines brighter than of yore When forged by Tubal cain. i V bookworms pale, Why point at my slant brow and mgijed hsndsf Why uondcr at my shoulders bnt and wry When on me rest the burden of the world With jour own feeble aehcsT Great Atlas I, Kings, nobles, millionaires, all hang on me, I, sell sufficient, hae no need of themj Ihey, should I leave them, soon would start e and die. Ye pinched and pent in cities, look at me I breathe the dewy freshness of the rartli In open Ueids resounding with the sons And jubilance of bird and beast whllo je Jostle each other In the smoke and grime For leave to labor at tha beck of gold, Ye herding fools, come out where there is room, Come out, and All the earth's waste places up; Make howling deserts laugh with running flclds; Dot the ast lonesome plains with cheerful homes. Work for youisehcs live healthily, content, On jour own land's productions Doing thu, Tl e last curst anarchist will pass from earth. Eric Duncan, Id Montreal Witness. THE DYING CENTURY PASSED IN REVIEW DEVELOPMENTS IN ELECTRI CITY AND STEEL. Furnaco and Forgo Ilavo Estab lished a Relationship Botweon the Two and Havo Drought About Marvelous Results in 100 Years Of Time. From the Chloeo Times Herald. Electricity In the world's life and work may be suggested In the circum stance of a Chicago man calling upon a business acquaintance downtown one of these winter evenings. He first t0 nn lectrlc 'oIcPhone l nd " the man is In. Then ho gets Into an "elevated train that Is heated, lighted and propelled by electricity. At tho ' ...J nr .Lv IIha fin r.. ..lit nn Alnntrtr UJ1U UL llil- 1IIIV "- .. .. .... i.-t...u cab and be driven through electrically lighted streets to an electric bell but ton, by pressing which ho summons nn electric elevator, In which he rides up ward and finds his way under tho In candescent plcctrlc lights which fes tonn the wnlls and ceilings. lllcctrlclty was not new when the present century was ushered In, but in tho Inst hundred years It Ins made strides beyond the dreams of Franklin, who by mrans of his silicon kite had proved electrleltv ana lightning to bo Identical. Von K'olst of normally In 1745 had discovered the possibility of accumulating electricity, nnd two years later Ctinucus of Lejden gave to the world tho Leydon jai a thing that to tills day scarcely has been improved upon In Its limited field. The year 100 wao slgnalled for elec tricity by the making of the first vol l ilc pile. Eight years later Sir Hum phrey Davy, using a battery In the Royal Institution of London, got tho first light from a galvanic current. In 1831 Faraday established the fact that magnetism nnd electricity were ono and the same, and in H32 in Paris Plxll built the first practical magneto electrical machine. FIRST STREET LIGHTING. It was Paris in 1814 that stnrtled tho world with the first practical street lighting by elctrlclty. One December evening, when a thick fog hung like a pall over tho city, shutting out the faint light of the gas lamps, pedestrians in the Place de la Concorde were startl-d by a sud den unearthly glare that broke nvci head. From that night electrjc light ing In Paris was a success and the system began to spread through the city. In England In 1811 Frederic de Moleyns had patented nn inenndescent lamp, using a platinum wire In a glass bulb. It proved to be an Impracticable device, however. It remained for J W Starr, of Cincinnati. Ohio, to make the first really successful Incandescent light and put it upon the market In 1844. He used a glass bulb exhausted nf at. In ,.'t.1M. a mitnani4t.l ft n1H ' num wire hung from a piece of gra phlte. Edison has completed all that he left undone. ELECTRICITY ALL IMPORTANT. Today to strip the world of electrici ty In its many applications would be to paralyze modern civilisation. All of which hns come about within the memory of the young men of tho world. Electric power has revolutionized methods In manufacture within ten years. In that time the perfection of the storage battery has come about. In Itself ono of the most Important inven tions In connection with electricity. Engineering schools are turning out graduated electricians until now scarcely an office building In any c'ty In the country doen not demand the services of one or more ot these ex perts. Niagara, the world's wonder, hns been harnessed aid everywhere the once idl. currents of the rivers are producing electricity for the wheels of commerce. Through the alternating current sstem, this electric power Is now transmitted without serious loss forty or fifty miles from the generat ing plant. IN THE HEALING ARTS. In the healing arts electricity has a piomlnont place By means of tho electric light bulb tho surgeon may Il luminate the Interior of dlsea6ed bones, oi explore even tho stomach of a pi tient. With the X-ray, discovered by Dr. William Konrad Rontgen, hi No- vpmr. a'' e physician and the I surgeon every day are rivaurg tno u,a:u ""s "l "ul"e w- "lagnuss ! nro nmdo by nieuns of It such as wo.uld I hfive becn impossible ten years ago: i onlj' a rost-mortem examination could I hav" approached its absolute uncer- The possibilities of telegraphing without wires opens an interesting field to the new century, giving it op pirtunlty to put upon I'pelf tho brand of the "age of electricity," Just as upon this has been fixed the "age of steel." For with all that has been aeeoin pllshed with electricity, no one s far can ray what It Is The electilclan simply has becn harnessing a power whose existence he cannot trace. So far, tho ancient Greeks, rubbing a piece of amber In solemn wonderment, were as wise as he. Yet the last quar ter of the nineteenth century Is within the coils of tho electrician. Simply aa light, heat and power It holds more promise for the new century, perhaps, than does any other Industrial force. Methods are Improving constantly, nnd the future ot electricity seems to be depending only upon its Intelligent application. The electric forge and furnace have established relationship between elec tricity and the age of steel, though neither electric welding nor electric fusing has been perfected. From the old "blister" steel of the last century, new methods and new needs have made possible the crucible cast steel such s enters Into the heavy guns of modern armaments, the self-hardening, chrome, silicon, man ganese, nickel and aluminum steels which are. the hlthtst results from tho stecl-mnking art Blister teel was the product of a elow proctss, Iron was packed in charcoal and the whole mass packed Into nn air-tight furnace and heated to a high temperature, thus absorbing the excess carbon from the Iron. In the present century, however, Bessemer In England, and Kelly In thtf United States, experimented with burning the carbon from Iron In Its molten state. Swedish Iron-makers took up thP process and perfected it. and with this rounding out of the "Bessemer process," as it has been called, tho era of steel began. The open hearth and the acid processes came later, but In the cheapness tha Bessemer steel, takes place over the others. This cheapness, and at the JOVAC LONG'S SONS. Scranton's Greatest Shoe Event A Shoe Sals Without a Parallel Shoes-Hundreds of PairsShoes There is nothing on which a person loves to save money better than on footwear: and at the same time be ' assured that they are getting the best standard of quality. This enormous Shoe Sale has been prepared with that thought in mind. It represents a collection of the very best makes of Shoes, priced in almost every instance at Much Less Than OneHalf Their Actual Worth. Msnuw""!' v v K m. W" JJIA t r-JME-t W JS flMKT . At S1.47 Pair. Worth Up to 52,50 Women's and Men's Shoes of many styles, in both tan and black, lace and button. Big variety of toe shapes, with heavy and light soles. Splendid qualities and fairly priced would be $2.50 the pair. At SI. 97 Pair, Worth Up to $4.50 The biggest bargain of the sale In the lot are women's fi e French kid button and lace shoes in almost every known style; also women s patent leather sho;s with kid tops in both lace and button. At the same price, Jo oas Li wvavuiUA1 J.'.'-U-'U! !ame tlm? this satisfactory product ot the IVssemer process, has made the uses of steel almost unmeasurcablo In the material developments of the aso. REVOLUTION IN BUILDING. In nothlnp, perhaps, has this use been more challenging to the world's conservatives than In the modern building of "steel construction." For hundreds of years builders had been laying clint walls In order that thesa walls might support the floors piled tier on tier above the foundations. In the steel construction the interior framework Is built strong enough to support the terra cotta walls. Sun Francisco Is said to have given tho first Impetus to the steel building. Tho Uookery and the Home Insurance Buildings In Chicago were modified examples of it, but It remained for the Tacotna building, at Madison and La Salle streets, to become the first per fect example of "Chicago construction." With the completion of the Tacoma Building, In 1BS9, the term "sky scraper" was coined. Lot owners saw the possibilities for maklns tho income from their properties commensurate with real estate valuations, and tho rolling mills were swamped with' or ders for structural steel. This de mand has been steady for tho last ten years, with the result that tho Tower of Babel has been exceeded In the modern steel office building. Tho Park Row Building, In New York city, Is a city within Itself, towering 330 feet Into the air, and planted moro than fifty feet below tho surfaee of the streets. It has twenty-nine stories, the topmost ofTlceH being 310 feet In the air and commanding a view of more than forty miles In any direction. There arj DM rooms, with a total of nearly 4,000 tenants. THE MAKING OF BRIDGES. Next to the builder's steel the bridge) steel of the engineer has been of vast uses. The first suspension bridge be longs to Wales, but the mlchtlest one spans the Esvst river from New York to Brooklyn. It was begun In 1879 and completed In 1SS3, having n. clear wat er way of 1.ES5 feet and costing )15, 000,000. Its trafllc Is greater than thnt of any other bridge In the world, Tho Dads bridge at St. Louis and the Forth bridge in Scotland belong to the achievements of the century In bridge building. But aside from these there Is scarcely a one hundred mile stretch of railroad anywhere In tho country that has not one or more examples of the bridge builder's art sufficient to have confounded the engineer of only fifty years ago, The steel rail and the steel rail pro cess have been of wonderful meaning to the Industries of the age. Without the perfected steel rail the transpor tation problem ot the world would be largely unsolved. The original Iron track on which Stephenson's locomo tive ran would be hammered to splin ters by tho railroad train of today. Steel has made for lightness and JONAS L OAG'S SONS. myCTtaii"' We have never seen so much goodness crowded into so much price-littleness. It offers to pru dent buyers the chance of a life time. We have taken all the odd pairs and broken lines of shoes in our immense stock; cut the prices in halves and in some instances in quarters. Every pair must go this week. We know that the prices will dispose of them. Here are meagre details of some of the lots for you to read today : At 61c Pair, Worth Up to $1.25 A big lot of Women's Oxford Ties, in splendid styles, newest and nobbiest of the toe shapes. An unprecedented shoe bargain. At 97c Pair. Worth Up to $1.75 A big lot of Women's Fine Kid Shoes in many styles and toe shapes; all sizes, though not in every style, Also Women's OxfoJd Ties, Not a pair in these lots worth less than $1.50 to JS1.75. MAIN Long A J J- strength In most farming Implements, as It has In the complicated machinery of the factory. It Is steadily replac ing cait and malleable Iron In struc tural frame works. In the bicycle frame, perhaps, Is the best example of tis availability where lightness and strength nre desired, as compared to a freight car which weighs 40,000 pounds nnd carries a. load of 60,000 pounds, a twenty-iix pound bicycle will carry a ISO pound man over all roads. Steel working methoJs in the United States have been perfected until the manufacturer can go on, year after year, turning out a grade of steel that varies scarcely a hair's breadth from a standard temper This is one of the advantages of the craft of tool-makers In Amrica by which American tools and machinery stand first In the mar kets of the world. Within a few years United States manufacturers have crowded Into the markets of tho gold countries, and American mining ma chinery Is working from Alaska to the African Cape. The Imprint of steel Is upon tho age and It has worked i revolution In machine-shops nnd foundries. GItOVER, CLEVELAND'S ADVICE His Answer to the Question, Docs a College Education Pay P Kx-Presldent Grover Cleveland con tributes to the Saturday Evening Post the first magazine article ho has writ ten since ho left the White House. It Is a vigorous and remarkably force ful discussion of the question, Does a College Education Pay? and It Is of Interest not only to the thousands of young men who are considering the problem, but to the tens of thousands of parents who may have doubt. Jlr. Cleveland does not judge success simply by money-making. "Many a college-bred man labors In the field of usefulness without either wealth or honors, and frequently with but scant recognition of any kind, and yet achieves successes which, unseen And unknown by the sordid and cynical, will bloom In the hearts nnd minds of men longer than the prizes of wealth or honors can endure," he says. Further on In the article Is this: "Parents should never send their sons I to college simply for the purpose of I educational ornamentation. The fact that parents havo the fate of a son largely In their keeping should not only enlist their parental love and pride, but should, at the same time, stimulate their parental Judgment. Furthermore, they should be constantly mindful that they have In charge not only a son but an uncompleted man who Is soon to be come their contribution to tho manhood of the world. They therefore owe a dual duty, .vhlch demands on the one hand that the education of the son be undertaken as a help to his success In life, nnd on the other that this educa tion shall promise for the maturing man the equipment necessary to Insure his value as an addition to civilized JONAS LONG'S SONS. many different styles of men's shoes in both congress and lace in call skin and patent leather. Not a pair in the lot worth less than $3 many of them have becn fairly priced at 4.50. 6c Bottle for Fine Shoe Dressing At this price during thk special sale we give you choice of Whittemore's Finest French Gloss Shoe Dressing, sold everywhere at 15 cents the bottle; or the best grade of dress ing and piste combined for tan shoes. AISLCELEVATORS New York Announcement. Horner's Furniture. Tho nbovo term stands for every thing that isroliablo and fashionablo in Furmturo, in both tho plain and artistic linos, whether wanted for town or country homes. Two other impoi taut features are tho modorato prices at which tho goods are mark ed, and their unequalled assort ments. Dinlng-Room Furniture in all finishes of Antique, Be'siai, Flemish .inJ English, with Tables, U,n'ngChirs,CMnaClosets an4 Sids Tables to match. Bedroom Turniture In all the various woods and finibhes, including special lines for country homes. English Brass Bed steads in latest patterns. Enameled Iron Bedsteads u ith brass trimmings. Parlor Furniture. Library Furniture, Vene tian Curved Furniture, in latest designs. Couches, bettees, Easy Chairs. Rockers, Morris Chairs-, Dressing Tables, Cheval Glasses, Writing Desks, &c, In unequal led assortments, and at all prices. Send for Ulnitratnd JIndbnolt. " Our American Homci nd How to FuruUh Them." R. J. Horner & Co., J'nrnlture Mutter nnd Importer, G1-G5 W. !i.5tl St., 2STow York (Atl,oliiliii: lMen Muaee) humanity. Before he leaves home to enter upon his student life, his sym pathy with theso purposes should bo fully aroused, and ho should be Im presed with the Importance of keeping them steadily in view. Ho should ulso take with him to his new surroundings a love of truth and honor, a cheerful, manly disposition and truly democrat ic Inclinations. With theso hs colle- glate advent must be auspicious, nnd his future life well guarded against failure. Lacking these, his way Is made Immensely more dilllcult and un certain." A Pleasure and a Duty. I consider It not only a pleasure but a duty I owe to my neighbors to tell about the wonderful cure effected In my case by tho use of Chamberlain's Colic, Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy. I was taken very badly with flux and procured a bottle of this remedy. A few doses of It effected a permanent cure. I take pleasure In recommend ing It to others suffering from that dreadful disease. J. W. Lynch, Dorr, W. Vn. This remedy Is sold by all druggists. Matthews Brothers, whole sale and retail agents. Cause nnd Effect. Ho trod on the corn o( the hello of tho ball And then to the other Blrla tell Slumbering echoei ncre aroused In the hall llecausc of tl.c ban I ot the belle. Chicago Newa. 9s Sons J ' -a .- W
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers